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125:, its previously unknown practices of brutally forced nutrient enemas on detainees who attempted hunger strikes and of "rectal rehydration" for punishment and torture became apparent.
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133:
A variety of different mixes have been used for nutrient enemas throughout history. A paper published in
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This treatment is ancient, dating back at least to the second century AD when documented by
27:
Enema administered with the intent of providing nutrition when normal eating is not possible
1467:
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383:
295:"Feeding Per Rectum: As Illustrated in the Case of the Late President Garfield and Others"
144:
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78:, and commonly used in the Middle Ages, remaining a common technique in 19th century.
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388:"Senate Report Confirms CIA Had 'Black Site' at Guantanamo, Hid It from Congress"
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358:"Controversial 'Rectal Feeding' Technique Used to Control Detainees' Behaviour"
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96:
on July 2, 1881. Garfield died after a failed recovery on
September 19, 1881.
17:
58:
is not possible. In modern medicine, nutrient enemas have been superseded by
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151:, it is likely that only the end-products of normal digestion such as
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423:"Senate Torture Report Condemns C.I.A. Interrogation Program"
103:
manual for hospital diets prescribed use of nutrient enemas.
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84:
prescribed this treatment to United States
President
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318:"War Department Technical Manual Hospital Diets"
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8:
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117:of its 6,000 page classified report on the
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277:United States National Library of Medicine
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262:
188:
7:
465:(2980): 858–859. December 11, 1926.
870:Heated humidified high-flow therapy
331:. October 13, 1941. Archived from
237:Mackenzie, J. W. A. (March 1943).
25:
199:Galen and the Rhetoric of Healing
1312:
838:
599:
593:
356:Yuhas, Alan (December 9, 2014).
139:in 1926 stated that because the
400:from the original on 2014-12-12
329:United States Department of War
293:; Banov, Leon (July 18, 1882).
208:Johns Hopkins University Press
1:
638:Effervescent powder or tablet
1473:Torture in the United States
1422:Patient-controlled analgesia
727:Orally disintegrating tablet
90:his attempted assassination
1489:
933:Relative analgesia machine
196:Mattern, Susan P. (2008),
1310:
836:
591:
210:, pp. 31, 145, 149,
522:Routes of administration
50:administered to provide
1458:Intensive care medicine
1048:Extra-amniotic infusion
653:Molecular encapsulation
585:Osmotic delivery system
580:Time release technology
66:(intravenous feeding).
1351:Central nervous system
1139:
1077:
1005:Mucoadhesive microdisc
970:
111:Intelligence Committee
54:in cases where normal
1194:Transfersome vesicles
1138:
1076:
1053:Intravesical infusion
969:
453:"Rectal Alimentation"
386:(December 11, 2014).
880:Metered-dose inhaler
865:Anesthetic vaporizer
421:(December 9, 2014).
255:10.1136/adc.18.93.22
239:"The Nutrient Enema"
167:, will be absorbed.
115:unclassified summary
108:United States Senate
82:Doctor Willard Bliss
64:parenteral nutrition
1305:Transdermal implant
1265:(into tissue/blood)
1042:Intrauterine device
923:Anaesthetic machine
918:Oxygen concentrator
471:1926Natur.118..858.
40:rectal alimentation
1417:Nanocell injection
1140:
1078:
971:
825:Dry-powder inhaler
428:The New York Times
300:The Medical Record
106:In 2014, when the
94:Charles J. Guiteau
36:feeding per rectum
1440:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1267:
1229:Transdermal spray
1224:Transdermal patch
1214:Medicated shampoo
945:
944:
941:
940:
928:Medical inhalants
875:Medical inhalants
803:Respiratory tract
797:
796:
691:
690:
325:Technical Manuals
217:978-0-8018-8835-9
149:digestive enzymes
86:James A. Garfield
16:(Redirected from
1480:
1316:
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850:
846:
842:
813:
742:Sublingual drops
715:
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553:
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508:
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492:
485:
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480:10.1038/118858a0
449:
443:
442:
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433:Washington, D.C.
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384:Rosenberg, Carol
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305:Washington, D.C.
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243:Arch. Dis. Child
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193:
34:, also known as
21:
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1482:
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1479:
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1463:Enteral feeding
1443:
1442:
1441:
1432:
1412:Intraperitoneal
1384:musculoskeletal
1382:
1373:
1345:
1341:Intra-articular
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543:Digestive tract
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145:digestive tract
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1331:Intracavernous
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1114:Nutrient enema
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101:U.S.' military
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44:rectal feeding
32:nutrient enema
26:
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18:Rectal feeding
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1402:Intramuscular
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1359:Intracerebral
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1179:Iontophoresis
1177:
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1149:
1148:Topical cream
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913:Nasal cannula
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338:on 2019-05-02
334:
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138:
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128:
126:
124:
120:
116:
113:published an
112:
109:
104:
102:
99:In 1941, the
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
77:
69:
67:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
1407:Intraosseous
1397:Intracardiac
1336:Intravitreal
1298:Injector pen
1293:Subcutaneous
1264:
1234:Jet injector
1219:Dermal patch
1113:
1032:Vaginal ring
1000:Insufflation
752:Effervescent
526:dosage forms
462:
456:
447:
426:
413:
402:. Retrieved
393:Miami Herald
391:
378:
367:. Retrieved
363:The Guardian
361:
351:
340:. Retrieved
333:the original
324:
312:
298:
291:Bliss, D. W.
285:
275:– via
249:(93): 22–7.
246:
242:
222:Google Books
220:– via
198:
191:
134:
132:
105:
98:
80:
73:
60:tube feeding
43:
39:
35:
31:
29:
1392:Intravenous
1379:Circulatory
1364:Intrathecal
1288:Intradermal
1280:transdermal
1247:Parenterals
1153:Topical gel
1109:Murphy drip
1087:Suppository
975:Nasal spray
909:Oxygen mask
758:Chewing gum
697:Oral mucosa
177:Murphy drip
157:amino acids
1447:Categories
1252:Injections
1015:Urogenital
951:Ophthalmic
807:inhalation
781:Toothpaste
709:sublingual
673:Suspension
643:Herbal tea
438:2014-12-11
436:Retrieved
404:2014-12-11
369:2019-05-03
342:2019-05-02
183:References
143:and lower
129:Physiology
121:'s use of
1453:Nutrition
1257:infusions
1189:Liposomes
985:Eye drops
980:Ear drops
891:Vaporizer
886:Nebulizer
776:Mouthwash
705:sublabial
628:Electuary
618:Decoction
52:nutrition
1428:PIC line
1369:Epidural
1209:Lip balm
1184:Hydrogel
1175:solution
1158:Liniment
1143:Ointment
1102:Hydrogel
1097:Solution
1082:Ointment
1022:Ointment
995:Hydrogel
990:Ointment
786:Ointment
747:Lozenges
737:Lollipop
683:Tincture
668:Solution
648:Hydrogel
633:Emulsion
575:Pastille
398:Archived
273:21032242
204:Maryland
171:See also
46:, is an
1128:topical
1066:enteral
1027:Pessary
857:Liquids
830:Smoking
768:Liquids
663:Softgel
610:Liquids
570:Capsule
547:enteral
467:Bibcode
264:1987791
206:, USA:
165:alcohol
123:torture
70:History
1468:Rectum
1323:Organs
1204:Lotion
1124:Dermal
1062:Rectal
1037:Douche
817:Solids
754:tablet
719:Solids
701:buccal
658:Powder
623:Elixir
565:Tablet
557:Solids
458:Nature
271:
261:
214:
153:sugars
141:rectum
136:Nature
88:after
56:eating
1199:Cream
1163:Paste
1092:Enema
1044:(IUD)
960:nasal
882:(MDI)
790:Spray
678:Syrup
336:(PDF)
321:(PDF)
147:lack
76:Galen
48:enema
42:, or
1424:pump
1276:Skin
1173:DMSO
1168:Film
956:otic
911:and
732:Film
534:Oral
269:PMID
212:ISBN
163:and
161:salt
62:and
901:Gas
475:doi
463:118
259:PMC
251:doi
119:CIA
92:by
1449::
958:,
707:,
703:,
524:,
473:.
461:.
455:.
431:.
425:.
396:.
390:.
360:.
327:.
323:.
303:.
297:.
267:.
257:.
247:18
245:.
241:.
229:^
202:,
159:,
155:,
38:,
30:A
1381:,
1282:)
1278:(
1130:)
1126:(
1068:)
1064:(
953:,
849:0
845:0
809:)
805:(
711:)
699:(
549:)
545:(
514:e
507:t
500:v
483:.
477::
469::
441:.
407:.
372:.
345:.
279:.
253::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.