36:
210:(codifying and enforcing rules and regulations, and imposing supervision or oversight for the benefit of the public at large). The existence of independent regulatory agencies is justified by the complexity of certain regulatory and directorial tasks, and the drawbacks of political interference. Some independent regulatory agencies perform investigations or
190:
However, some regulatory bodies are industry-led initiatives rather than statutory agencies, and are called 'voluntary organisations'. They may be not-for-profit organisations or limited companies. They derive their authority from members' commitments to abide by the standards applied by the
286:
In some instances, it is deemed in the public interest (by the legislative branch of government) for regulatory agencies to be given powers in addition to the above. This more interventionist form of regulation is common in the provision of
191:
regulator, for instance as the UK's
Advertising Standards Authority says "The self-regulation system works because it is powered and driven by a sense of corporate social responsibility amongst the advertising industry."
236:
Intervening when there is a reasonable suspicion that a regulated individual/organisation may not be complying with its obligations. Under such an intervention regime, regulatory agencies typically have powers
788:
Jordana J, Fernández-i-Marín X, Bianculli A (2018). "Agency proliferation and the globalization of the regulatory state: Introducing a data set on the institutional features of regulatory agencies".
470:
879:
144:
322:, and creating quasi-common law. However, the roles of regulatory agencies as "regulatory monitors" provide a vital function in administering law and ensuring compliance.
214:, and other may fine the relevant parties and order certain measures. In a number of cases, in order for a company or organization to enter an industry, it must obtain a
437:
229:
In the most light-touch forms of regulation, regulatory agencies are typically charged with overseeing a defined industry. Usually they will have two general tasks:
218:
to operate from the sector regulator. This license will set out the conditions by which the companies or organizations operating within the industry must abide.
475:
480:
442:
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monitor the performance and investigate the compliance of the regulated company, with the regulator publishing the findings of its investigations.
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In the event that the regulated company is not in compliance with its license obligations or the law, the regulatory agency may be empowered to:
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The functions of regulatory agencies in prolong "collaborative governance" provide for generally non-adversarial regulation.
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These are customarily set up to strengthen safety and standards, and/or to protect consumers in markets where there is a
412:
136:
558:
503:
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50:
44:
687:
513:
741:"Collaborative Governance: Emerging Practices and the Incomplete Legal Framework for Public and Stakeholder Voice"
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407:
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authority to perform their functions with oversight from the legislative branch. Their actions are often open to
61:
528:
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358:
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176:
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undertake enforcement action, such as directing the regulated company to comply through orders, imposing
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creating, reviewing and amending standards expected of individuals and organisations within the industry.
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actions taken by regulatory agencies can be more adversarial and involve sanctions, influencing
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require that administrators of the regulated company explain their actions;
714:
Office of the
Superintendent of Professional Governance British Columbia.
387:
117:
810:
801:
215:
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require the provision of particular outputs and/or service levels; and
242:
oblige individuals or firms entering the industry to obtain a license;
563:
135:. Examples of regulatory agencies that enforce standards include the
211:
164:
609:
Select
Committee on Science and Technology Sixth Report (2000).
29:
766:"Regulatory Monitors: Policing Firms in the Compliance Era"
821:
The
Regulators: Watchdog Agencies and the Public Interest
720:
27:
Type of government institution inside executive branch
471:
Independent agencies of the United States government
295:. In this case, regulatory agencies have powers to:
611:"CHAPTER 5: REGULATION - Voluntary Self-Regulation"
145:
Medicines and
Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
226:Regulatory regimes vary by country and industry.
841:Industry Influence in Federal Regulatory Agencies
438:Regulation of ship pollution in the United States
667:Department for Business Innovation & Skills
282:, or prosecute the company (via civil courts).
116:that is responsible for exercising autonomous
844:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
8:
880:Independent government agencies by country
658:Better Regulation Delivery Office (2014).
278:, in instances where it may have breached
271:and/or revoking its license to operate; or
809:
476:Independent regulatory agencies in Turkey
194:Regulatory agencies deal in the areas of
175:Regulatory agencies may be a part of the
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
481:List of regulators in the United Kingdom
460:By country or international organization
43:This article includes a list of general
601:
443:Regulation and prevalence of homeopathy
403:Regulation and monitoring of pollution
120:over some area of human activity in a
759:
757:
253:on part of the regulated company; and
157:Office of Gas and Electricity Markets
7:
179:branch of the government and have
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
274:refer the regulated company to a
819:Kohlmeier, Louis M. Jr. (1969).
34:
739:Blomgran Bingham, Lisa (2009).
639:Advertising Standards Authority
539:Journal of Regulatory Economics
423:Regulation of therapeutic goods
823:. New York: Harper & Row.
686:National Audit Office (2017).
635:"Regulation and Co-regulation"
534:Impersonating a public servant
466:Agencies of the European Union
393:Occupational safety and health
1:
748:Journal of Dispute Resolution
716:"Duties of Regulatory Bodies"
688:"A Short Guide to Regulation"
428:Regulation through litigation
133:lack of effective competition
110:independent regulatory agency
413:Regulation of nanotechnology
161:Telecom Regulatory Authority
137:Food and Drug Administration
885:Government agencies by type
790:Regulation & Governance
559:Public utilities commission
504:Code of Federal Regulations
486:List of regulators in India
906:
514:Constitutional institution
310:for the regulated company.
408:Regulation of acupuncture
349:Cyber-security regulation
529:International regulation
524:Election management body
509:Constitutional economics
499:Civil service commission
359:Environmental regulation
890:Government institutions
838:Quirk, Paul J. (2014).
291:, which are subject to
64:more precise citations.
764:Van Loo, Rory (2018).
544:Law enforcement agency
332:Advertising regulation
151:; and, in the case of
875:Regulatory compliance
695:National Audit Office
584:Regulatory compliance
554:Public administration
448:Regulation of science
276:competition authority
204:secondary legislation
18:Regulator (economics)
589:Regulatory economics
364:Financial regulation
114:government authority
770:Columbia Law Review
569:Quasi-judicial body
418:Regulation of sport
354:Economic regulation
344:Consumer protection
335:Alcoholic beverages
293:economic regulation
269:financial penalties
249:of information and
153:economic regulation
802:10.1111/rego.12189
660:"Regulators' Code"
579:Regulatory capture
433:Vehicle regulation
196:administrative law
106:independent agency
830:978-0-06-043747-3
615:www.parliament.uk
574:Regulation school
171:Legislative basis
94:regulatory agency
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51:inline citations
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519:Deregulation
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185:legal review
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369:Food safety
222:Functioning
70:August 2020
62:introducing
870:Regulators
864:Categories
725:2023-11-06
700:2023-11-06
672:2023-11-06
644:2023-11-13
620:2023-11-06
596:References
320:rulemaking
208:rulemaking
128:capacity.
126:regulating
45:references
181:statutory
177:executive
122:licensing
102:regulator
492:See also
388:Minerals
245:require
159:and the
143:and the
118:dominion
316:Ex post
216:license
147:in the
139:in the
112:) is a
58:improve
848:
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564:Quango
212:audits
206:, and
155:, the
47:, but
781:Notes
744:(PDF)
691:(PDF)
663:(PDF)
326:Areas
306:or a
165:India
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846:ISBN
825:ISBN
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