954:
389:
722:
571:
953:
133:
36:
1688:
547:—a collection of Italian madrigals that had been Anglicized—an event which began a vogue of madrigal in England which was almost unmatched in the Renaissance in being an instantaneous adoption of an idea, from another country, adapted to local aesthetics. English poetry was exactly at the right stage of development for this transplantation to occur, since forms such as the
222:
551:
were uniquely adapted to setting as madrigals; indeed, the sonnet was already well developed in Italy. Composers such as Thomas Morley, the only contemporary composer to set
Shakespeare, and whose work survives, published collections of their own, roughly in the Italian manner but yet with a unique
256:
so that it could be understood by laymen but remain faithful to God's word became contentious, with people arguing how much license could be taken to impart the correct meaning without sacrificing its eloquence. The desire to let people read the Bible for themselves led
362:. All the 16th century Tudor monarchs were highly educated, as was much of the nobility, and Italian literature had a considerable following, providing the sources for many of Shakespeare's plays. English thought advanced towards modern science with the
288:, who was tutor to Princess Elizabeth during her teenage years, and is now often called the "father of English prose." He proposed that speech was the greatest gift to man from God and to speak or write poorly was an affront. By the time of
329:
The
English theatre scene, which performed both for the court and nobility in private performances and a very wide public in the theatres, was the most crowded in Europe, with a host of other playwrights as well as the giant figures of
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produced the finest work, even as the best producers of larger portraits in oil were still foreigners. The portrait miniature had spread all over Europe by the 18th century. The
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in the second half of the 16th century is usually regarded as the height of the
English Renaissance. Many scholars see its beginnings in the early 16th century during the reign of
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3301:
3296:
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3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
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3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
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3126:
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698:, screens and other fittings often had classical styles from about the mid-century. The few new church buildings post-Reformation were usually still Gothic in style, as in
535:. In the late 16th century Italy was the musical center of Europe, and one of the principal forms which emerged from that singular explosion of musical creativity was the
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388:
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and others. Typically, the works of these playwrights and poets circulated in manuscript form for some time before they were published, and above all the plays of
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in the
English Renaissance were much less significant than in the Italian Renaissance. The English period began far later than the Italian, which was moving into
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1120:
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1952:
DAY, GARY. (2008). ENGLISH RENAISSANCE CRITICISM. In
Literary Criticism: A New History (pp. 111–155). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Retrieved from
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Key features of
Renaissance culture Andrew Dickson, "An English Renaissance: Key features of Renaissance culture". British Library online, 2017
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kept in touch with continental developments far more than visual art, and managed to survive the
Reformation relatively successfully, though
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was carefully controlled and developed into an elaborate and wholly un-realist iconic style, that has succeeded in creating enduring images.
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became common by the mid-16th century. This tradition of literature written in
English vernacular largely began with the Protestant
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380:("King James Version" to Americans) of the Bible (1611) had enduring and profound impacts on the English consciousness.
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68:
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609:
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2020:
1906:
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2429:
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1379:
1254:
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853:
553:
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326:, which are reflected in the generally nonreligious themes and various shipwreck adventures of Shakespeare.
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679:
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248:'s call to let people interpret the Bible for themselves instead of accepting the interpretation of the
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in
England during the late 15th, 16th and early 17th centuries. It is associated with the pan-European
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styles until the late 16th century. Church architecture essentially continued in the late medieval
612:
that a true
Renaissance style became widespread, influenced far more by northern Europe than Italy.
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451:, the somewhat undistinguished founder of the tradition, by the late 16th century, natives such as
413:
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that is usually regarded as beginning in Italy in the late 14th century. As in most of the rest of
322:'s declaration of independence from the Catholic Church and technological advances in sailing and
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93:
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1965:
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757:
695:
667:
448:
363:
258:
173:
165:
424:, and all but ended the skill of painting in England; English art was to be dominated by
318:
were the outstanding legacy of the period. The works of this period are also affected by
180:. Others argue the Renaissance was already present in England in the late 15th century.
4323:
4272:
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2768:
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1754:
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1692:
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675:
671:
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589:
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168:, England saw little of these developments until more than a century later within the
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659:
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498:
487:
429:
359:
1953:
1929:
447:. Though the form was developed in England by foreign artists, mostly Flemish like
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3916:
3788:
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3039:
2834:
2773:
2736:
2085:
1877:
1867:
1849:
1814:
1088:
1039:
636:
601:
521:
502:
475:
456:
421:
285:
266:
157:
17:
4511:
3986:
2948:
2932:
2807:
2709:
2235:
2157:
2141:
2104:
Women Writers and Familial Discourse in the English Renaissance. Relative Values
2072:
1809:
1779:
1093:
713:
355:
323:
274:
249:
245:
196:
161:
35:
3906:
3665:
1789:
1784:
1764:
616:
581:
509:
417:
335:
292:, a vigorous literary culture in both drama and poetry included poets such as
237:
188:
177:
137:
4501:
4496:
4348:
2687:
2172:
404:
England was very slow to produce visual arts in Renaissance styles, and the
354:" at critical moments of her life. Philosophers and intellectuals included
200:
694:
style until the Reformation, and then stopped almost completely, although
678:, the style continuing into the early 17th century before developing into
4476:
4464:
4114:
3044:
655:
531:
The Italian and English Renaissances were similar in sharing a specific
408:
were mainly imported foreigners until after the end of the Renaissance;
221:
187:
in several ways. The dominant art forms of the English Renaissance were
4023:
2861:
2079:
1992:, especially chapters 1, 3 and 8, 1982, Barrie & Jenkins (London),
732:
615:
Despite some buildings in a partly Renaissance style from the reign of
580:
Despite some buildings in a partly Renaissance style from the reign of
204:
3934:
478:(c.1539/40 or 1543 – 1623) and other major figures were Catholic. The
172:. Renaissance style and ideas were slow to penetrate England, and the
2630:
548:
444:
2067:
Encyclopedia of Women in the Renaissance: Italy, France, and England
1990:
The Buildings of Britain, A Guide and Gazetteer, Tudor and Jacobean
2943:
569:
387:
253:
220:
192:
131:
2058:
Loewenstein, David. "Recent Studies in the English Renaissance,"
686:
continued to be constructed and expanded in essentially medieval
3049:
439:, which essentially took the techniques of the dying art of the
3938:
2634:
2114:
2051:
Lamb, Mary Ellen. "Recent Studies In The English Renaissance,"
228:, chief figure of the English Renaissance, as portrayed in the
3911:
2110:
2013:
Cheney, Patrick. "Recent Studies in the English Renaissance,"
29:
2025:
Images and Ideas in the Literature of the English Renaissance
516:
had been anticipated in the works of Thomas Tallis, and the
376:, first published in 1549, and at the end of the period the
284:
Another early proponent of literature in the vernacular was
236:
England had a strong tradition of literature in the English
1729:
Major literary figures in the English Renaissance include:
2039:
A Companion to English Renaissance Literature and Culture.
2065:
Robin, Diana; Larsen, Anne R.; and Levin, Carole, eds.
2097:
The Cambridge Companion to English Renaissance Tragedy
1138:
Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
556:
has enjoyed a considerable revival in recent decades.
524:
had already been absorbed prior to the publication of
261:
to publish his own translation in 1526, giving way to
2076:
The Elizabethan Renaissance: The Life of the Society
4813:
4777:
4770:
4712:
4662:
4655:
4612:
4596:
4560:
4551:
4442:
4435:
4400:
4359:
4303:
4179:
4172:
4142:
4135:
4094:
4087:
4042:
3979:
3972:
3850:
3802:
3759:
3729:
3686:
3632:
2923:
2860:
2668:
2585:
2552:
2520:
2465:
2410:
2401:
2198:
2148:
2090:
Literature, Politics and Law in Renaissance England
1143:
Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
658:, and characterised by lavish use of glass, as at "
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
505:(1563–1626) were other leading English composers.
240:, which gradually increased as English use of the
1954:http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3366/j.ctt1r2248.8
647:that a true Renaissance style became widespread.
552:Englishness; interest in the compositions of the
528:, in the music of masters such as William Byrd.
306:but was eventually overshadowed by the lyrics of
2048:(Edinburgh Critical Guides to Literature) (2008)
650:The most famous buildings, of a type called the
443:and transferred them to small portraits worn in
1918:"English Renaissance", Poetry Foundation online
4482:Islamic world contributions to Medieval Europe
2095:Smith, Emma and Garrett A. Sullivan Jr., eds.
183:The English Renaissance is different from the
3950:
2646:
2126:
2027:. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.
1710:
909:
269:in 1560, marking the re-establishment of the
8:
4472:History of European Jews in the Middle Ages
4774:
4659:
4557:
4439:
4176:
4139:
4091:
3976:
3957:
3943:
3935:
2653:
2639:
2631:
2407:
2133:
2119:
2111:
1717:
1703:
927:
916:
902:
709:
435:The significant English invention was the
1187:History of monarchy in the United Kingdom
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:Cultural and artistic movement in England
2062:Spring 2011, Vol. 51 Issue 2, pp 199–278
654:, are large show houses constructed for
232:(artist and authenticity not confirmed).
4928:History of the United Kingdom by period
1899:
941:
930:
871:
810:
739:
712:
682:. Lesser, but still large, houses like
482:was distinct from, but related to, the
252:. Discussions of how to translate the
277:. These would be predecessors to the
7:
4621:Oration on the Dignity of Man (1486)
2055:(Johns Hopkins); 2006 46(1): 195–252
58:adding citations to reliable sources
4888:Renaissance architecture in England
4831:History of the Mediterranean region
4034:International relations (1648–1814)
346:trained by Roger Ascham, and wrote
2060:SEL: Studies in English Literature
2053:SEL: Studies in English Literature
2032:The English Renaissance, 1500–1620
2015:SEL: Studies In English Literature
1197:History of the politics of England
25:
4588:Greek scholars in the Renaissance
4155:Journalism of Early Modern Europe
2163:Greek scholars in the Renaissance
1192:History of the economy of England
706:Major English Renaissance authors
1686:
952:
720:
412:was the outstanding figure. The
34:
4821:History of Western civilization
4107:Decline of the Byzantine Empire
2722:England in the late Middle Ages
1177:History of education in England
45:needs additional citations for
4450:Christianity in the modern era
4236:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1172:Government in medieval England
643:, it was not until dawning of
623:(begun in 1515), the vanished
608:, it was not until dawning of
588:(begun in 1515), the vanished
396:of Elizabeth I by the foreign
1:
4795:History of the European Union
4633:Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
4423:Diplomatic Revolution of 1756
4387:War of the Spanish Succession
1966:"Life in Renaissance England"
491:
416:produced a huge programme of
398:Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger
4923:History of England by period
4698:Early Netherlandish painting
2364:Platonism in the Renaissance
2268:Early Netherlandish painting
1873:Canons of Renaissance poetry
1162:English overseas possessions
501:(1557 or 1558 – 1602)), and
4893:Cultural history of England
4339:Absolute monarchy in France
4283:Lands of the Bohemian Crown
316:English Renaissance theatre
4949:
4805:Military history of Europe
4800:Maritime history of Europe
4693:Dutch and Flemish painting
4604:Science in the Renaissance
2727:Economy in the Middle Ages
2273:Dutch and Flemish painting
2216:Central and Eastern Europe
2185:Outline of the Renaissance
987:Economy in the Middle Ages
563:
461:portraiture of Elizabeth I
420:that destroyed almost all
406:artists of the Tudor court
334:, William Shakespeare and
302:had a strong influence on
214:
4843:
4790:Genetic history of Europe
4539:European wars of religion
4382:Second Hundred Years' War
662:, more glass than wall",
543:published in England the
472:English Renaissance music
432:, for centuries to come.
342:herself was a product of
207:by the 1550s or earlier.
2037:Hattaway, Michael, ed.
1315:East Riding of Yorkshire
1230:Kingdom of Great Britain
645:Elizabethan architecture
610:Elizabethan architecture
566:Elizabethan architecture
4918:17th century in England
4913:16th century in England
4908:15th century in England
4826:History of Christianity
4408:French–Habsburg rivalry
4367:French Wars of Religion
2791:Commonwealth of England
2080:excerpt and text search
554:English Madrigal School
352:On Monsieur's Departure
4571:Renaissance philosophy
4487:Protestant Reformation
4295:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
4102:Fall of Constantinople
2102:Wynne-Davies, Marion.
2046:Renaissance Literature
1031:Black Death in England
635:, and the building of
600:, and the building of
577:
441:illuminated manuscript
422:medieval religious art
401:
370:. The language of the
366:, a forerunner of the
290:Elizabethan literature
233:
217:Elizabethan literature
145:
4850:History of philosophy
4725:Industrial Revolution
4123:Scientific Revolution
2598:Medieval renaissances
2376:Scientific Revolution
2017:(2007) 47(1): 199–275
680:Jacobean architecture
619:(1491–1547), notably
584:(1491–1547), notably
573:
391:
373:Book of Common Prayer
224:
135:
69:"English Renaissance"
4883:Northern Renaissance
4576:Renaissance humanism
4460:Bohemian Reformation
4418:Treaties of Nijmegen
4029:Age of Enlightenment
3642:Anglo-Saxon military
2830:Overseas possessions
2467:Northern Renaissance
1930:"Renaissance Period"
1883:Early modern Britain
728:The School of Athens
692:Perpendicular Gothic
621:Hampton Court Palace
586:Hampton Court Palace
575:Hampton Court Palace
480:Elizabethan madrigal
344:Renaissance humanism
273:at the accession of
170:Northern Renaissance
142:Hampton Court Palace
54:improve this article
4873:English Renaissance
4762:Revolutions of 1848
4683:Florentine painting
4534:Counter-Reformation
4455:Proto-Protestantism
4413:Peace of Westphalia
4256:Seventeen Provinces
4115:Printing Revolution
4009:Early modern Europe
4004:Early modern period
3966:Early modern Europe
3056:Acts of Parliament:
2823:Union with Scotland
2818:Glorious Revolution
2764:Union of the Crowns
2754:English Renaissance
2742:English Reformation
2683:Anglo-Saxon England
2420:Bergamo and Brescia
2412:Italian Renaissance
2190:Renaissance studies
1825:William Shakespeare
1795:Christopher Marlowe
1082:Glorious Revolution
1050:English Renaissance
1002:English unification
972:Prehistoric Britain
684:Little Moreton Hall
512:productions of the
414:English Reformation
332:Christopher Marlowe
308:William Shakespeare
296:, whose verse epic
265:publication of the
226:William Shakespeare
185:Italian Renaissance
150:English Renaissance
18:Renaissance England
4933:Kingdom of England
4492:Ninety-five Theses
4278:Kingdom of Bohemia
4192:Free imperial city
4160:The General Crisis
3013:Secretary of State
2695:Kingdom of England
2662:Kingdom of England
2538:Spanish Golden Age
2178:Northern Mannerism
2084:Sheen, Erica, and
2030:Hadfield, Andrew.
1693:England portal
1340:Greater Manchester
1225:Kingdom of England
1182:History of English
997:Anglo-Saxon period
633:Layer Marney Tower
598:Layer Marney Tower
578:
545:Musica transalpina
526:Musica transalpina
437:portrait miniature
402:
378:Authorised Version
304:English literature
279:King James Version
263:Sir Rowland Hill's
234:
146:
4860:
4859:
4854:History of Europe
4839:
4838:
4735:French Revolution
4730:Age of Revolution
4708:
4707:
4688:Venetian painting
4651:
4650:
4643:Leonardo da Vinci
4547:
4546:
4431:
4430:
4372:Thirty Years' War
4311:Habsburg monarchy
4268:Habsburg monarchy
4241:Cossack Hetmanate
4226:Portuguese Empire
4187:Holy Roman Empire
4168:
4167:
4150:Absolute monarchy
4131:
4130:
4083:
4082:
3932:
3931:
3774:Church of England
2732:Wars of the Roses
2628:
2627:
2548:
2547:
2521:Iberian peninsula
2288:Italian sculpture
2044:Keenan, Siobhan.
1727:
1726:
1062:English Civil War
992:Sub-Roman Britain
926:
925:
885:Continuity thesis
872:History and study
533:musical aesthetic
484:Italian tradition
428:, and then later
426:portrait painting
394:Ditchley Portrait
368:Scientific Method
299:The Faerie Queene
271:Church of England
158:artistic movement
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
4940:
4775:
4720:Great Divergence
4678:Italian painting
4660:
4558:
4440:
4392:Seven Years' War
4334:House of Bourbon
4290:Protestant Union
4261:Economic history
4177:
4140:
4092:
4019:Age of Discovery
3999:High Renaissance
3977:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3936:
3892:Royal supporters
3739:English language
2986:Council of State
2976:King's Secretary
2969:House of Commons
2954:Magnum Concilium
2852:Maritime history
2813:Exclusion Crisis
2796:The Protectorate
2655:
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2641:
2632:
2593:Cloak and dagger
2408:
2278:Italian painting
2168:High Renaissance
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1934:people.umass.edu
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1805:Thomas Middleton
1800:Philip Massinger
1740:Francis Beaumont
1719:
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1400:Northamptonshire
1121:Second World War
1026:Late Middle Ages
1009:High Middle Ages
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890:High Renaissance
880:Age of Discovery
724:
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696:church monuments
496:
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453:Nicolas Hilliard
348:occasional poems
230:Chandos portrait
144:; unknown artist
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4638:Matteo Palmieri
4608:
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4581:Northern Europe
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4427:
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4355:
4319:House of Stuart
4299:
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4050:Northern Europe
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4014:Elizabethan era
3968:
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3922:St George's Day
3897:Royal standards
3880:College of Arms
3846:
3798:
3755:
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2747:Elizabethan era
2700:Norman Conquest
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2041:(2000). 747 pp.
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2007:Further reading
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1270:Buckinghamshire
1265:City of Bristol
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1167:English society
1157:
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1126:Postwar Britain
1116:Interwar period
1111:First World War
1045:Elizabethan era
1014:Norman Conquest
982:Medieval period
966:
944:
937:
922:
859:Northern Europe
735:
731:(1509–1511) by
708:
668:Montacute House
568:
562:
520:style from the
514:Venetian School
494:
469:
449:Lucas Horenbout
386:
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259:William Tyndale
250:Catholic Church
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2021:Grant, Patrick
2018:
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1981:
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700:Langley Chapel
676:Burghley House
672:Hatfield House
625:Nonsuch Palace
590:Nonsuch Palace
564:Main article:
561:
558:
541:Nicholas Yonge
468:
465:
385:
382:
294:Edmund Spenser
281:of the Bible.
242:printing press
215:Main article:
212:
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140:, c. 1545, at
136:The Family of
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4903:Tudor England
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4713:End of period
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4563:
4559:
4556:
4550:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4438:
4434:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4358:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4344:Ancien Régime
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4302:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4178:
4175:
4171:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4134:
4124:
4121:
4119:Intellectual:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4093:
4090:
4086:
4076:
4075:Low Countries
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4041:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3960:
3955:
3953:
3948:
3946:
3941:
3940:
3937:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3861:
3860:National flag
3858:
3857:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3801:
3795:
3794:Country dance
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3758:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3689:
3685:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3631:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3076:Temp. incert.
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3003:Privy Council
3001:
2999:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2916:
2915:Orange-Nassau
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2760:
2759:Stuart period
2757:
2755:
2752:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2705:Anglo-Normans
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2651:
2649:
2644:
2642:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2502:Low Countries
2500:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2226:Italian domes
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2136:
2131:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2006:
1999:
1998:0-09-147831-6
1995:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1971:
1967:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1903:
1900:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1835:Philip Sidney
1833:
1831:
1830:James Shirley
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1770:John Fletcher
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1760:Thomas Dekker
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1735:Francis Bacon
1733:
1732:
1730:
1720:
1715:
1713:
1708:
1706:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1684:
1683:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1590:Milton Keynes
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1470:West Midlands
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1460:Tyne and Wear
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1445:Staffordshire
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1360:Isle of Wight
1358:
1356:
1355:Hertfordshire
1353:
1351:
1350:Herefordshire
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1244:
1243:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1106:Edwardian era
1104:
1102:
1101:Victorian era
1099:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1057:Stuart period
1055:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1019:Norman period
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1000:
999:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
984:
983:
980:
978:
977:Roman Britain
975:
973:
970:
969:
965:
960:
959:
955:
951:
950:
947:
940:
935:
929:
919:
914:
912:
907:
905:
900:
899:
897:
896:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
877:
876:
875:
870:
865:
864:Low Countries
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
816:
815:
814:
809:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
745:
744:
743:
738:
734:
730:
729:
723:
719:
718:
715:
711:
705:
703:
701:
697:
693:
689:
688:half-timbered
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
664:Wollaton Hall
661:
660:Hardwick Hall
657:
653:
652:prodigy house
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
576:
572:
567:
559:
557:
555:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
508:The colossal
506:
504:
500:
499:Thomas Morley
489:
488:Thomas Tallis
485:
481:
477:
473:
466:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
433:
431:
430:landscape art
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
399:
395:
390:
383:
381:
379:
375:
374:
369:
365:
361:
360:Francis Bacon
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
327:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
300:
295:
291:
287:
282:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
231:
227:
223:
218:
210:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
143:
139:
134:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
4626:
4619:
4377:Cabinet wars
4054:
3902:Crown Jewels
3887:Royal badges
3875:Coat of arms
3804:Architecture
3789:Morris dance
3731:Demographics
3654:English Army
3451:
3075:
3040:Star Chamber
2862:Royal Houses
2845:Protectorate
2774:Jacobean era
2753:
2737:Tudor period
2613:12th century
2474:
2206:Architecture
2103:
2096:
2089:
2086:Lorna Hutson
2075:
2073:Rowse, A. L.
2069:(2007) 459p.
2066:
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2014:
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1973:. Retrieved
1969:
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1948:
1937:. Retrieved
1933:
1924:
1913:
1902:
1878:Jacobean era
1868:Tudor period
1855:Thomas Wyatt
1850:John Webster
1815:Thomas Nashe
1728:
1535:Christchurch
1465:Warwickshire
1380:Lincolnshire
1255:Bedfordshire
1089:Georgian era
1072:Protectorate
1067:Commonwealth
1049:
1040:Tudor period
818:
748:Architecture
726:
649:
641:Queen Mary I
637:Soulton Hall
629:Sutton Place
614:
606:Queen Mary I
602:Soulton Hall
594:Sutton Place
579:
560:Architecture
544:
530:
525:
522:Roman School
507:
503:John Dowland
476:William Byrd
470:
457:Isaac Oliver
434:
410:Hans Holbein
403:
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328:
312:Thomas Wyatt
297:
286:Roger Ascham
283:
267:Geneva Bible
235:
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76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
4878:Renaissance
4757:Nationalism
4567:Philosophy:
4522:Switzerland
4512:Lutheranism
3987:Renaissance
3827:Elizabethan
3812:Anglo-Saxon
3033:Elizabethan
3023:Anglo-Saxon
2949:Curia regis
2890:Plantagenet
2840:Proprietary
2808:Popish Plot
2786:Interregnum
2710:The Anarchy
2620:Reenactment
2603:Carolingian
2236:Plateresque
2158:Renaissance
2142:Renaissance
1810:Thomas More
1780:John Milton
1645:Southampton
1515:Bournemouth
1475:West Sussex
1420:Oxfordshire
1320:East Sussex
1094:Regency era
1077:Restoration
943:History of
714:Renaissance
539:. In 1588,
495: 1505
384:Visual arts
356:Thomas More
340:Elizabeth I
324:cartography
275:Elizabeth I
246:Reformation
197:Visual arts
162:Renaissance
4867:Categories
4750:Napoleonic
4674:Painting:
4561:Philosophy
4043:By country
3907:Tudor rose
3837:Queen Anne
3666:Royal Navy
3018:Governance
3008:Ministries
2959:Parliament
2577:Structures
2383:Technology
2359:Philosophy
2322:Literature
2241:Portuguese
1975:2015-12-05
1970:www.uh.edu
1939:2015-12-05
1894:References
1790:Thomas Kyd
1785:Ben Jonson
1765:John Donne
1640:Shrewsbury
1620:Portsmouth
1600:Nottingham
1580:Manchester
1555:Folkestone
1540:Colchester
1510:Birmingham
1430:Shropshire
1390:Merseyside
1370:Lancashire
1295:Derbyshire
798:Technology
788:Philosophy
773:Literature
617:Henry VIII
582:Henry VIII
518:Palestrina
510:polychoral
418:iconoclasm
336:Ben Jonson
320:Henry VIII
238:vernacular
211:Literature
189:literature
178:Henry VIII
138:Henry VIII
80:newspapers
4552:Academic
4502:Huguenots
4497:Calvinism
4443:Overviews
4401:Diplomacy
4349:Louis XIV
4180:Countries
4095:Political
3973:Overviews
3917:St George
3688:Geography
3453:1642–1660
3102:1422–1460
3097:1413–1421
3092:1399–1411
3087:1377–1397
3082:1327–1376
3070:1308–1325
3065:1275–1307
3060:1225–1267
2895:Lancaster
2875:Knýtlinga
2779:Civil War
2688:Heptarchy
2572:Humanists
2562:Composers
2403:By region
2283:Sculpture
2231:Palladian
2173:Mannerism
1775:John Ford
1665:Worcester
1650:St Albans
1635:Sheffield
1630:Rochester
1595:Newcastle
1575:Maidstone
1565:Liverpool
1485:Wiltshire
1345:Hampshire
1260:Berkshire
1248:By county
758:Fine arts
702:of 1601.
656:courtiers
350:such as "
201:Mannerism
110:July 2024
4771:See also
4517:Scottish
4477:Haskalah
4465:Hussites
4436:Religion
4315:England
4204:Germany
4173:Politics
4143:Concepts
3912:Oak tree
3870:Heraldry
3842:Georgian
3832:Jacobean
3784:Folklore
3769:Religion
3696:Counties
3634:Military
3028:Medieval
2981:Monarchy
2928:Politics
2880:Normandy
2678:Timeline
2608:Ottonian
2528:Portugal
2512:Scotland
2430:Lombardy
2425:Florence
2349:Medicine
2300:Humanism
2256:Venetian
2199:By field
2023:. 1979.
1862:See also
1670:Worthing
1660:Wetherby
1610:Plymouth
1545:Coventry
1520:Brighton
1435:Somerset
1285:Cornwall
1280:Cheshire
1219:Polities
964:Timeline
934:a series
932:Part of
854:Scotland
844:Portugal
768:Humanism
537:madrigal
400:, c.1592
203:and the
154:cultural
4663:General
4627:Authors
4597:Science
4527:Radical
4507:English
4330:France
4304:Leaders
4209:Britain
4070:Germany
4055:England
4024:Baroque
3992:Outline
3852:Symbols
3779:Cuisine
3761:Culture
3721:Palaces
3716:Castles
3701:Islands
3676:History
3647:Warfare
2998:Peerage
2885:Angevin
2670:History
2586:Related
2567:Figures
2485:Germany
2475:England
2393:Warfare
2388:Theatre
2371:Science
2337:Spanish
2251:Spanish
2150:General
2088:, eds.
2078:(2000)
1655:Torquay
1625:Reading
1585:Margate
1530:Chester
1525:Bristol
1450:Suffolk
1425:Rutland
1395:Norfolk
1290:Cumbria
945:England
829:Germany
819:England
811:Regions
803:Warfare
793:Science
740:Aspects
733:Raphael
445:lockets
205:Baroque
94:scholar
4778:Europe
4554:fields
4199:France
4088:Events
4065:France
4060:Papacy
3706:Places
3050:Tories
2910:Stuart
2870:Wessex
2507:Poland
2490:Saxony
2480:France
2457:Venice
2452:Urbino
2447:Sicily
2440:Papacy
2332:French
2305:France
2246:Purism
2221:French
2106:(2007)
2099:(2010)
2092:(2005)
2034:(2001)
1996:
1605:Oxford
1570:London
1455:Surrey
1310:Durham
1305:Dorset
1156:Topics
936:on the
839:Poland
824:France
639:under
604:under
549:sonnet
497:–1585
152:was a
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
4814:World
4613:Works
3822:Tudor
3711:Towns
3671:Ships
3045:Whigs
2944:Witan
2905:Tudor
2835:Crown
2554:Lists
2533:Spain
2495:Weser
2354:Music
2344:Magic
2327:Dutch
2317:Latin
2295:Dance
2211:Brick
1615:Poole
1560:Leeds
1550:Dover
1325:Essex
1300:Devon
1207:Riots
849:Spain
834:Italy
783:Music
778:Magic
753:Dance
467:Music
254:Bible
193:music
101:JSTOR
87:books
4656:Arts
4360:Wars
3980:Eras
3864:list
3749:list
3624:1706
3619:1705
3614:1704
3609:1703
3604:1702
3599:1701
3594:1700
3589:1698
3584:1697
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3509:1675
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3474:1663
3469:1662
3464:1661
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3437:1625
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3212:1514
3207:1513
3202:1512
3197:1511
3192:1509
3187:1503
3182:1496
3177:1495
3172:1491
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3162:1487
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3147:1482
3142:1477
3137:1474
3132:1472
3127:1468
3122:1467
3117:1464
3112:1463
3107:1461
2900:York
2435:Rome
1994:ISBN
1675:York
1365:Kent
1202:Wars
674:and
631:and
596:and
490:, (
455:and
392:The
358:and
191:and
156:and
148:The
73:news
2933:Law
2263:Art
486:.
338:.
56:by
4869::
4852:•
4848:•
1968:.
1932:.
670:,
666:,
627:,
592:,
492:c.
310:,
195:.
4629::
3958:e
3951:t
3944:v
3866:)
3862:(
2654:e
2647:t
2640:v
2134:e
2127:t
2120:v
1978:.
1942:.
1718:e
1711:t
1704:v
917:e
910:t
903:v
123:)
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108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
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50:.
20:)
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