Renewable energy in Australia

2590:, at Hermannsburg, Yuendumu, and Lajamanu, which together generate 1,555 MWh/year (260 homes, going by the energy/home ratio above). This represents a saving of 420,000 litres of diesel fuel and 1550 tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions per year. The total cost of the solar power station was "A$ 7M, offset by a grant from the Australian and Northern Territory Governments under their Renewable Remote Power Generation Program". The price of diesel in remote areas is high due to added transportation costs: in 2017, retail diesel prices in remote areas of the Northern Territory averaged $ 1.90 per litre. The 420,000 litres of diesel per year saved by these power stations in the first decade of operation would thus have cost approximately $ 8,000,000. 1818:(CSIRO) carried out world leading research into flat plate solar water heaters. A solar water heater manufacturing industry was subsequently established in Australia and a large proportion of the manufactured product was exported. Four of the original companies are still in business and the manufacturing base has now expanded to 24 companies. Despite an excellent solar resource, the penetration of solar water heaters in the Australian domestic market was only about 5% in 2006, with new dwellings accounting for most sales. By 2014, around 14% of Australian households had solar hot water installed It is estimated that by installing a solar hot water system, it could reduce a family's CO 463:

having limits that effectively exclude larger-scale developments such as wind farms. Feed-in tariffs schemes in Australia started at a premium, but have mechanisms by which the price paid for electricity decreases over time to be equivalent or below the commercial rate. As of 2011, all the schemes in place in Australia were "net" schemes, whereby the householder is only paid for surplus electricity over and above what is actually used. In the past, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory enacted "gross" schemes whereby householders were entitled to be paid for 100% of renewable electricity generated on the premises, however these programs have now expired. In 2008 the

130: 781: 528:(OECD), fossil fuel production and use is subsidised in Australia by means of direct payments, favourable tax treatment, and other actions. It has been suggested these measures act as impediments to investment in renewable energy resources. Analysis by the ACF in 2010 indicated that these provisions added up to a total annual subsidy of A$ 7.7 billion, with the most significant component being the Fuel Tax Credits program that rebates diesel fuel excise to many business users. This analysis is disputed by the 787: 6147: 1911: 1993: 337:

independent of the Commonwealth. For example, the Victorian Renewable Energy Target Scheme (VRET) mandated an additional 5% of Victoria's "load for renewable generation", although this has since been replaced by the new Australian Government LRET and SRES targets. South Australia achieved its target of 20% of renewable supply by 2014 three years ahead of schedule (i.e. in 2011) and has subsequently established a new target of 33% to be achieved by 2020.

7288: 30: 1027:) as a fuel for thermal power generation in sugar mills. It can also be used to produce steam for industrial uses, cooking, and heating. It can also be converted into a liquid or gaseous biofuel. In 2015 Bagasse accounted for 26.1% (90.2PJ) of Australia's renewable energy consumption, while wood and wood waste for another 26.9% (92.9PJ). Biomass for energy production was the subject of a federal government report in 2004. 6964: 6435: 7264: 6974: 6465: 6455: 6445: 1321: 7276: 7252: 1047:, the Canegrowers organisation launched a regional billboard campaign in March 2007 to promote the renewable fuels industry. Over 100 million litres of the new BP Unleaded with renewable ethanol has now been sold to Queensland motorists. Biodiesel produced from oilseed crops or recycled cooking oil may be a better prospect than ethanol, given the nation's 4039: 532:(IPA) who argue that the ACF's definition of a subsidy differs from that of the OECD and that the fuel tax rebate schemes are in place to ensure that all producers are treated equally from a tax point of view. However, the IPA acknowledges that regardless of perceived issues with the ACF analysis, some level of fossil fuel subsidy is likely in existence. 718:

projects either under construction, constructed or with funding secured for construction. As of August 2017, it was estimated that Australia generated enough to power 70% of the country's households, and once additional wind and solar projects were complete at the end of the year, enough energy would be generated to power 90% of the country's homes.

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electricity, pricing carbon will encourage investment in cleaner renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. Treasury modelling has projected that with a carbon price, energy from the renewables sector is likely to reach 40 per cent of supply by 2050. Analysis of the first 6 months of operation of the

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their projects by the next six years. Ten projects are expected to achieve successful exploration and heat flows, by 2010, with at least three power generation demonstration projects coming on stream by 2012. A geothermal power plant is generating 80 kW of electricity at Birdsville, in southwest Queensland.

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South Australia has been described as "Australia's hot rock haven" and this emissions free and renewable energy form could provide an estimated 6.8% of Australia's base load power needs by 2030. According to an estimate by the Centre for International Economics, Australia has enough geothermal energy

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estimated that Australia would be generating around 50 per cent its electricity needs from renewable sources by 2025, rising to 69 per cent by 2030. By 2050, power networks would be able to use 100 per cent green energy for periods. However the report said that investment was also needed, not only in

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billion, and had financed 42 wind and solar projects, which added 2.1 GW of solar and 1.5 GW of wind capacity. In 2022, as part of the "Rewiring the Nation" initiative, the Australian Government approved a capital increase of A$ 11 billion for the CEFC, its first since the corporation's inception. As

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Edwards first began manufacturing water heaters in Australia in 1963. Edwards is now an international organisation which is a leader in producing hot water systems for both domestic and commercial purposes using solar technology. Edwards exports to Asia, the Pacific, the Americas, Europe, Africa and

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In 2022, wind power supplied around 35.6% of Australia's renewable electricity and around 12.8% of Australia's total electricity. Eight new wind farms were commissioned in 2022 with a combined capacity of 1,410 MW, bringing the total installed capacity to more than 10.5 GW. As of the end of 2022, 19

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While solar water heating saves a significant amount of energy, they are generally omitted from measures of renewable energy production as they do not actually produce electricity. Based on the installed base in Australia as of October 2010, it was calculated that solar hot water units would account

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There are currently 19 companies Australia-wide spending A$ 654 million in exploration programmes in 141 areas. In South Australia, which is expected to dominate the sector's growth, 12 companies have already applied for 116 areas and can be expected to invest A$ 524 million (US$ 435 M) in

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By 2017, an unprecedented 39 projects, both solar and wind, with a combined capacity of 3,895 MW, were either under construction, already constructed, or would start construction in 2017. Capacity addition based on renewable energy sources was expected to increase substantially in 2017, with over 49

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in March 2024, is a A$ 1 billion fund that delivers grants and production credits to manufacturers of solar panels, to increase the number made in Australia. (As of March 2024, 99% are imported.) The scheme will be run by ARENA. Provision will also be made to manufacturers of other components needed

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The MRET was split in 2012 into a small-scale renewable energy scheme (SRES) and large-scale renewable energy target (LRET) components to ensure that adequate incentive exists for large scale grid connected renewable energy. A number of states have also implemented their own renewable energy targets

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released a report called "Energy evolution: A Sustainable Energy Australia Outlook", detailing how Australia could produce 40% of its energy through renewable energy by 2020 and completely phase out coal-fired power by 2030 without any job losses. David Spratt and Phillip Sutton argue in their book

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showed that there had been a drop in carbon emissions by the electricity sector. There had been a change in the mix of energy over this period, with less electricity being sourced from coal and more being produced by renewables such as hydro and wind power. The government at the time presented this

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of A$ 23 per tonne to be paid by 300 liable entities representing the highest business emitters in Australia. The carbon price will increase to $ 25.40 per tonne by 2014–15, and then will be set by the market from 1 July 2015 onwards. It was expected that in addition to encouraging efficient use of

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was established by the Australian Government on 1 July 2012. The purpose of ARENA is to improve the competitiveness of renewable energy technologies and increase the supply of renewable energy through innovation that benefits Australian consumers and businesses. Between 2012 and January 2021, ARENA

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Australia's transport system is heavily dependent on oil, some of which is imported. At present renewable energy sources account for only modest proportions of Australia's primary energy consumption (around 5 per cent) and electricity generation (7 per cent), although their use has been increasing

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as the first commercial implementation of the technology, using 300 Wizard Power Big Dish solar thermal concentrators to deliver a 40MWe solar thermal power plant. Construction was expected to commence in mid-late 2013, but following the withdrawal of Commonwealth funding in June 2013, the project

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In 2022, solar power supplied around 41.0% of Australia's renewable electricity and around 14.7% of Australia's total electricity. Twelve new large-scale (>5 MW) solar farms were commissioned in 2021 with a combined capacity of 840 MW, bringing the total installed large-scale capacity to almost

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In Australia, geothermal energy is a natural resource which is not widely used as a form of energy. However, there are known and potential locations near the centre of the country in which geothermal activity is detectable. Exploratory geothermal wells have been drilled to test for the presence of

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can be produced from sugarcane or grains and there are currently three commercial producers of fuel ethanol in Australia, all on the east coast. Legislation imposes a 10% cap on the concentration of fuel ethanol blends. Blends of 90% unleaded petrol and 10% fuel ethanol are commonly referred to as

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is on track to achieve its target of 100% renewable energy by 2022, a goal it achieved ahead of schedule in 2020. The state now targets the production of 200% renewable energy by 2040. This goal is advanced by the Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2021, focusing on enhancing government investment in

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was set up by the State Government in 1914 (originally named the Hydro-Electric Department, changed to the Hydro-Electric Commission in 1929, and Hydro Tasmania in 1998). Today Hydro Tasmania is Australia's largest generator of renewable energy. They operate thirty hydro-electric stations and one

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to a renewable energy system is gaining momentum in the peer-reviewed scientific literature. Among them several studies have examined the feasibility of a transition to a 100% renewable electricity systems, which was found both practicable as well as economically and environmentally beneficial to

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In 2007, several reports have discussed the possibility of Australia setting a renewable energy target of 25% by 2020. Combined with some basic energy efficiency measures, such a target could deliver 15,000 MW new renewable power capacity, $ 33 billion in new investment, 16,600 new jobs, and

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An Expanded Renewable Energy Target was passed with broad support by the Australian Parliament on 20 August 2009, to ensure that renewable energy achieves a 20% share of electricity supply in Australia by 2020. To ensure this the Federal Government committed to increasing the 2020 MRET from 9,500

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BioPower Systems is developing its bioWAVE system anchored to the seabed that would generate electricity through the movement of buoyant blades as waves pass, in a swaying motion similar to the way sea plants, such as kelp, move. It expects to complete pilot wave and tidal projects off northern

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have been enacted on a state-by-state basis in Australia to encourage investment in renewable energy by providing above commercial rates for electricity generated from sources such as rooftop photovoltaic panels or wind turbines. The schemes in place focus on residential scale infrastructure by

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has set renewable energy targets of 70% by 2032 and 80% by 2035, announced in September 2022. These objectives are embedded within Queensland's Climate Action Plan 2020-2030, which also foresees the conversion of coal-fired power plants into renewable energy hubs by 2035. To facilitate this

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Small-scale solar power (<100 kW) is the dominant contributor to Australia's overall solar electricity production as of 2022, producing 63% of solar's total electricity output (21,726 GWh of 34,446 GWh total). In 2022, 2.7 GW of new small-scale capacity was installed across 310,352

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was created by the government in 2012, with the goal of overcoming barriers to the mobilisation of capital by the renewable energy sector. It was intended to make available two billion dollars a year for five years for the financing of renewable energy, energy efficiency, and low emissions

559:(ACT) made significant strides in renewable energy, achieving 100% renewables in 2020—a target set in 2016 under its Climate Change Strategy 2019-2025. This achievement was facilitated by reverse auctions that funded renewable energy generation projects, cumulatively amounting to 650 MW. 106:(ARENA) was established as an independent government agency in 2012 to improve the competitiveness of renewable energy technologies and to encourage innovation in the industry. As of 2024 renewable energy is seen as a good investment, and many companies operate in Australia, including 3096: 1342:

constructed between 1949 and 1974, which consists of 16 major dams and 7 major power stations, and has a total generating capacity of 3,800 MW. The scheme generates on average 4,500 GWh electricity per year. A major extension of the scheme is ongoing as of 2020. Dubbed

548:, the renewable energy targets were set to achieve 25% by 2020, 40% by 2025, and 50% by 2030. A subsequent announcement in 2022 outlined ambitious goals of 65% by 2030 and 95% by 2035. These targets are part of the state's Climate Change Strategy, which employs 698:

ordered the $ 10 billion Clean Energy Finance Corporation to refrain from any new investment in wind power projects, saying that the government prefers the corporation to invest in researching new technologies rather than the "mature" wind turbine sector.

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operates 30 power stations and 15 dams, with a total generating capacity of 2,600 MW, and generates an average of 9,000 GWh of electricity per year. There are also plans to upgrade Tasmania's hydro power system to give it the capability to function as

672:, which would supply most of the remaining 40%, along with other changes. The transition would cost A$ 370 billion or about $ 8/household/week over a decade to create a renewable energy infrastructure that would last a minimum of 30 to 40 years. 604:

was the only state or territory yet to commit to a renewable energy target. In May 2019, 21 Western Australian councils have called on the state's Labor government to adopt targets for a 50% renewable electricity supply by 2030, and net-zero emissions by

2586:, Australia. This project will use innovative concentrator dish technology to power 45,000 homes, providing 270,000 MWh/year for A$ 420 million. Solar Systems has already completed construction of three concentrator dish power stations in the 5067: 572:

is committed to achieving 100% net renewables by 2030 and aspires to be a net exporter of renewable energy, setting a bold target of 500% by 2050. These ambitions are detailed in the Climate Change Action Plan 2021-2025, which focuses on

1897:. The CSIRO Division of Energy Technology has opened a major solar energy centre in Newcastle that has a tower system purchased from Solar Heat and Power and a prototype trough concentrator array developed in collaboration with the ANU. 3441: 1865:. In collaboration with ANU, the company built and demonstrated the 500m commercial Big Dish design in Canberra, with this having been completed in 2009. The company had planned to construct the Solar Oasis demonstration site in 3971: 1051:, and the growing popularity of fuel-efficient diesel cars. Australian cities are some of the most car-dependent cities in the world, and legislations involving vehicle pollution within the country are considered relatively lax. 641:

that Australia needs to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions down to zero as quickly as possible so that carbon dioxide can be drawn down from the atmosphere and greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced to less than 325 ppm

6394: 653:, in a compromise agreed to by the Labor opposition. Alongside this there is the Small-Scale Renewable Energy Scheme, an uncapped scheme to support rooftop solar power and solar hot water and several State schemes providing 1276:

company called Hydrogen Power South Australia was established to own and operate the plant, which is expected to be completed in 2025 and begin operations in 2026. Once it is up and running, it will supply power to the

7229: 2625:, Victoria, and has obtained planning approval for 22 wind farms and 2 solar farms in total. The Wind Prospect Group, apart from the UK and Australia, also operates in Ireland, Canada, France (as WPO), and China. 6501: 7196: 2381:

Meridian Energy Australia runs a number of renewable energy assets (4 wind farms and 4 hydro plants) and only produces renewable energy – it claims to be Australasia's largest 100% renewable energy generator.

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and split system solar and heat pump water heaters. These are marketed in 90 countries around the world and overseas sales represent 40% of total business. Solahart has a market share of 50% in Australia.

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In 2010 the mandatory renewable energy target was increased to 41,000 gigawatt-hours of renewable generation from power stations. This was subsequently reduced to 33,000 gigawatt-hours by the

445:. The REC-registry is dedicated to: maintaining various registers (as set in the act); and facilitating the creation, registration, transfer and surrender of renewable energy certificates (RECs). 1815: 757: 3712: 5917: 348:

by the same year. This effort is supported by individual targets and initiatives from states and territories, and the National Energy Transformation Partnership, established in August 2022.

1861:. In 1994, the first 'Big Dish' 400 m solar concentrator was completed on the ANU campus. In 2005, the dish technology developed by ANU was exclusively licensed to solar technology company 6384: 3445: 1213:

high temperature geothermal activity and such high levels were detected. As a result, projects will eventuate in the coming years and more exploration is expected at potential locations.

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is an Australian company that specialises in 100% renewable energy generation. Its focus is on hydroelectricity and wind power. Power stations owned by Pacific Blue include wind farms:

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As of December 2022, Australia's over 3.36 million solar PV installations had a combined capacity of 29,683 MW of which 3,922 MW were installed in the preceding 12 months.

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to create renewable energy, and the scheme is part of a plan to provide jobs for those workers currently employed in the coal industry. The new industries will be created in

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is used to separate hydrogen molecules from water to create renewable hydrogen. This project involved a trial to produce, store, and use green hydrogen to power a

5440: 646:-e, which they argue is the upper "safe climate" level at which we can continue developing infinitely. They outline a plan of action which would accomplish this. 3652: 3241: 6135: 475:, advocated a uniform national "gross" feed-in tariff scheme. Each state and territory of Australia offers a different policy with regards to feed-in tariffs. 6093: 2422:) and battery storage technologies. The company offers 100% carbon offset plans, GreenPower plans and also launched solar and battery installation bundles in 7211: 4003: 2944: 5938: 5926: 4067: 7175: 6724: 5956: 2646: 2390:

Nectr is an Australian-based electricity retailer that focuses on offering renewable energy plans and services. Launched in 2019, it currently operates in

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Australia's climate goal includes reducing emissions by 43% by 2030, aiming for 82% of its electricity to come from renewable sources, aligning with the

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Also in 2010, ZCA launch their "Stationary Energy Plan" showing Australia could entirely transition to renewable energy within a decade by building 12

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Poddar, S., Evans, J. P., Kay, M., Prasad, A., Bremner, S.Estimation of future changes in photovoltaic potential in Australia due to climate change.

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Comparing least cost scenarios for 100% renewable electricity with low emission fossil fuel scenarios in the Australian National Electricity Market

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Of all renewable electrical sources in 2012, hydroelectricity represented 57.8%, wind 26%, bioenergy 8.1%, solar PV 8%, large-scale solar 0.147%,

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and a 10 billion-dollar fund to finance renewable energy projects, although these initiatives were later withdrawn by the Abbott government.

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within NSW. Its parent company Hanwha Energy Australia is an investor in Australian utility-scale solar power assets, including the 20 MWAC

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houses a 500 kW (thermal) and a 1.5 MW (thermal) solar central receiver system, which are used as research and development facilities.

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0.002% and marine 0.001%; additionally, solar hot water heating was estimated to replace a further 2,422 GWh of electrical generation.

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in Victoria. It is currently developing two new solar farms in southern NSW with capacity to produce enough energy to supply 50,000 homes.

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with 5,408 GWh, New South Wales with 5,384 GWh, Western Australia with 3,407 GWh, Tasmania with 1,859 GWh, and Queensland with 1,772 GWh.

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E10, which is mainly available through service stations operating under the BP, Caltex, Shell, and United brands. In partnership with the

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In 2022, hydro power supplied 19.7% of Australia's renewable electricity generation or 7.1% of Australia's total electricity generation.

7145: 6749: 6639: 6364: 6359: 6328: 6025: 4147: 6083: 5989: 5980: 467:(COAG) agreed to harmonise the various state schemes and developed a set of national principles to apply to new schemes. Leader of the 7150: 7111: 6318: 5899: 4752: 4724: 4120: 3746: 2692: 1272:

is a proposed 250MWe hydrogen electrolyser, a 200MW combined cycle gas turbine generator, and 3600-tonne hydrogen storage facility. A

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gigawatt-hours to 45,000 gigawatt-hours. The scheme was scheduled to continue until 2030. This target has since been revised with the

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Between 2000 and 2021, the proportion of energy from renewables grew from 8% to 11.5%, mainly due to growth of wind energy and

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Byrnes, L.; Brown, C.; Foster, J.; Wagner, L. (December 2013). "Australian renewable energy policy: Barriers and challenges".

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capacity by connecting two existing reservoirs with tunnels and an underground power station. It is due to complete by 2026.

1207: 706:, an international agreement which binds member countries to address climate change. It is an obligation for each to submit 6113: 3266: 2815: 1530:

6.5 GW. As of the end of 2022, 48 large-scale solar farms were either under construction or financial committed nationally.

3043: 7096: 6934: 6734: 6634: 6609: 6415: 4254: 3321: 2686: 2661: 2497: 2450: 2008: 1882: 1273: 7242: 3625: 1289: 79:. Pros and cons of various types of renewable energy are being investigated, and more recently there have been trials of 7101: 7086: 7076: 6949: 6872: 6840: 6759: 6649: 6629: 6619: 6536: 6438: 6282: 6224: 6121: 5976: 3415: 2493: 2411: 1959: 1810:

Australia has developed world leading solar thermal technologies, but with only very low levels of actual use. Domestic

1805: 1524: 654: 556: 454: 263: 5491: 4004:"Tony Abbott has escalated his war on wind power, causing a cabinet split and putting international investment at risk" 6830: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6719: 6709: 6699: 6694: 6679: 6654: 6551: 6546: 6374: 6343: 6272: 6267: 3090:"Benefit of the Renewable Energy Target to Australia's Energy Markets and Economy. Report to the Clean Energy Council" 2697: 2651: 2559: 2532: 1563: 1242: 681: 591:

has committed to a target of 50% renewable energy by 2030. The state is also set to have 10% renewable energy by 2020.

529: 380: 345: 256: 72: 6041: 2605:, UK, founded in 1992. An Adelaide-born employee, Michael Vawser, established a separate company of the same name in 402:-led Australian Government on 17 July 2014. Since then, carbon emissions from the electricity sector have increased. 2621:. It built many wind farms in SA, and then expanded interstate. As of March 2024 the Australian company is based in 1857:(ANU) has worked on dish concentrator systems since the early 1970s, and early work lead to the construction of the 421:

technologies projects in the latter stages of development. The fund was expected to be financially self-sufficient.

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and Battery Energy, which is ideally suited to the storage of electricity for renewable remote area power systems (

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introducing in January 2011 an expanded target of 45,000 GWh of additional renewable energy between 2001 and 2020.

322: 271: 252: 242: 68: 4859: 4168: 2313:, is now one of the world's largest solar power companies with production facilities in the United States, Spain, 1839: 129: 6944: 6764: 6744: 6729: 6624: 6604: 6599: 6541: 6531: 6297: 5908: 4233:

Summary of report – Biomass energy production in Australia Status, costs and opportunities for major technologies

3797: 3713:"While the government is in denial, the states are making staggering progress on renewable energy | Tristan Edis" 2656: 2485: 1269: 1039: 294:. Evidence suggests Australia will meet its targets required under this protocol. Australia had not ratified the 275: 5968: 4673: 2004:

wind farms with a combined capacity of 4.7 GW were either under construction or financial committed nationally.

6571: 6229: 5964: 5697: 3543: 2703: 2431: 2326: 2048: 2015: 1518: 17: 5723: 4205: 3837: 3603: 5632: 4719: 3060: 305:, an international agreement which binds member countries to address climate change, and started submitting 7268: 7160: 6977: 6468: 6244: 6239: 5354: 5327: 2708: 2575: 1987: 1942: 2562:

manufactured its first solar water heater in 1953, and products currently manufactured by Solahart include

98:, an international agreement which binds member countries to address climate change. However, the level of 5772: 4778: 4289:"Car dependence in Australian cities: a discussion of causes, environmental impact and possible solutions" 3393: 2614: 2520: 2477: 2279: 1339: 1328: 1016: 123: 59:

generation. Over a third of electricity is generated from renewables, and is increasing, with a target to

4860:"Outback Australia enters green hydrogen race with multi-billion-dollar project given government backing" 6820: 6302: 5985: 4302: 3930: 2992: 2489: 2395: 2064: 2019: 1890: 1044: 786: 267: 99: 768:

In 2022, 35.9% of electricity in Australia was generated from renewable sources, up from 32.5 in 2021.

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until then, due to concerns over a loss of competitiveness with the US, which also rejects the treaty.

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Simulations of scenarios with 100% renewable electricity in the Australian National Electricity Market

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was first formed in 1993, with an aim of providing photovoltaic systems to the masses. It focuses on

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emissions up to 3 tonnes per year while saving up to 80% of the energy costs for water heating.

1611: 1579: 1007: 4140:"Australia 'on track' to generate half its electricity from renewable sources by 2025, report finds" 3493: 2970: 6151: 4296: 3388: 2598: 2512: 2403: 2112: 2080: 1811: 1627: 1257:, and to assess the feasibility of a similar process on a larger scale. The total project cost was 750: 734: 707: 306: 64: 48: 6973: 6464: 6454: 6444: 5881: 3815: 566:

transition, an AUD 62 billion clean energy plan has been put in place, utilising reverse auctions.

278:, stated that the government would not be replacing the Renewable Energy Target (RET) after 2020. 7292: 6458: 2587: 2548: 1278: 738: 588: 574: 489: 330: 3900: 1992: 5617: 5584: 5543: 5210: 1965:

Carnegie Corp of Western Australia tried a method of using energy captured from passing waves,

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In 2019, Australia met its 2020 renewable energy target of 23.5% and 33 terawatt-hours (TWh).

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Least cost 100% renewable electricity scenarios in the Australian National Electricity Market

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is active in the renewable energy arena, and has spent a number of years developing several

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Wind power in Victoria is the most developed with 8,655 GWh generated in 2021, followed by

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Renewable Energy – A Contribution to Australia's Environmental and Economic Sustainability

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in multiple Australian capitals. They continue to install panels all around Australia.

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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

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for about 7.4% of clean energy production if they were included in the overall figures.

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m, with A$ 1.79m coming from ARENA, and the project was completed on 30 November 2019.

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and Australia. BP Solar is involved in the commercialisation of a long life deep cycle

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Biodiesel in Australia: Benefits, Issues and Opportunities for Local Government Uptake

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analysis as an indicator that their policies to promote cleaner energy were working.

7302: 7256: 6448: 6088: 5855: 5428: 4232: 3947:"Tony Abbott says repealing carbon tax his biggest achievement as minister for women" 2446: 1894: 762: 658: 505: 429:

of 2022, the CEFC had facilitated over A$ 38.65 billion in clean energy investments.

246: 119: 5757: 5115: 6988: 3467: 2878: 2579: 2563: 2544: 2418:, one of the global leaders in renewable energy technology, including solar power ( 2415: 1862: 1320: 1250: 1035: 669: 386: 76: 5178: 3889:

Australian Government: Office of the Renewable Energy Regulator – LRET-SRES Basics

2613:

in the south-east of the state (commissioned in March 2005), followed by the 70MW

729:

committed to a greater 40% target for renewable energy sources by 2030, including

321:

A key policy encouraging the development of renewable energy in Australia are the

5441:"Kudos, PV solutions for the masses and IP wars: the importance of being Q Cells" 5390: 5308: 5282: 4223:

Department of Industry and Science (2015), Australian Energy Statistics, Table C.

3977:. Southbank Victoria: Clean Energy Council. March 2013. p. 9. Archived from 627:

69 million tonnes reduction in electricity sector greenhouse gas emissions.

251:

As in many other countries, renewable energy in Australia has been encouraged by

7263: 7121: 6109:

At its current rate, Australia is on track for 50% renewable electricity in 2025

5363: 5336: 4931: 4328:"Australia's weaker emissions standards allow car makers to dump polluting cars" 3040: 2540: 2366: 2350: 2018:, which opened in 2022 with a capacity of 530 MW. This overtook the 453 MW 1955: 1886: 1297: 1282: 1031: 517: 399: 6030: 5970:

Energy Transformed: Sustainable Energy Solutions for Climate Change Mitigation

4043: 3256:"Clean Energy Australia – Investing in the clean energy sources of the future" 2885:. Canberra: Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency. Archived from 2536: 2454: 1293: 730: 714:(NDCs), under Article 4 of the agreement. Australia submitted an NDC in 2022. 631: 562: 501: 391: 291: 84: 52: 5269:

Prospects of renewable energy e a feasibility study in the Australian context

5186: 3724: 3664: 3419: 3157: 2908: 1312:

and exported to Asia. Total output is estimated at 250,000 tonnes per annum.

1288:

In March 2024 funding was provided by ARENA for a feasibility study into the

761:

new renewable sources, but in services needed during the transition period –

668:(3500 MW each), which would provide 60% of electricity used, and 6500 7.5 MW 7251: 7027: 4094:"Australia has met its renewable energy target. But don't pop the champagne" 3687:"NT on track for 10% renewables by 2020, with two new solar farms announced" 2622: 2370: 2346: 2318: 1951: 1254: 1020: 441:(REC-registry) is an internet-based registry system that is required by the 111: 5618:

Solar Systems to Build A$ 420 million, 154MW Solar Power Plant in Australia

5603:

Solar technologies reaching new levels of efficiencies in Central Australia

3868:"Renewable Energy Target: Legislation to cut RET passes Federal Parliament" 3653:"Clean energy found to be a 'pathway to prosperity' for Northern Territory" 2733:"Coal will be all but gone by 2034 under Australia's latest energy roadmap" 1814:

is the most common solar thermal technology. During the 1950s, Australia's

776:

Despite the increase in renewables most energy is still from fossil fuels.

3020:"Coalition attempts to rewrite history on support for wind, solar and RET" 2945:"Renewable energy investment to slump beyond 2020 amid policy uncertainty" 577:

for renewable energy and storage solutions, rather than market mechanisms.

6395:

National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority

2606: 2524: 2407: 2310: 2284:

Australia has a very high potential for renewable energy. Therefore, the

1974: 1327:, the largest hydropower station in Australia with 1,800 MW. Part of the 1034:

increased significantly in mid-2008, leading to increased concerns about

580: 107: 5402: 4068:"Renewable energy generates enough power to run 70% of Australian homes" 2909:

Assessing Australia’s future solar power ramps with climate projections.

2414:

in 2022. Nectr is owned by Hanwha Energy, an affiliate of South Korea's

5777: 5114:'CSIRO Gets Sun Smart at the National Solar Energy Centre', June 2008, 4890: 4833:"Whyalla at the epicentre of a hydrogen-powered industrial renaissance" 4810: 4042:

Text may have been copied from this source, which is available under a

4038: 3517: 2912: 2602: 2531:

each year, which represented around 37% of all renewable energy in the

2423: 1947:

Several projects for harvesting the power of the ocean were attempted:

1866: 1324: 1309: 1024: 1012: 44: 3242:"Clean Energy Regulator – Liable Entities Public Information Database" 67:

have particularly grown since 2010. The growth has been stimulated by

36:, Australia's first solar power station operated between 1981 and 2004 4977: 3831:"Energy [r]evolution: A Sustainable Energy Australia Outlook" 3337:"Coal makes a comeback thanks to carbon price repeal, emissions rise" 2997: 623:

is introduced to encourage large-scale renewable energy development.

7230:

List of U.S. states by electricity production from renewable sources

6046: 4119:

de Atholia, Timoth; Flannigan, Gordon; Lai, Sharon (19 March 2020).

3773:"W.A. councils demand "true to science" 50% renewable state target" 1874:

was halted with Wizard Power ceasing operations in September 2013.

584:

existing hydropower assets, avoiding reliance on market mechanisms.

138:

Australian renewable electricity generation (gigawatt-hours), 2022

7197:

List of countries by electricity production from renewable sources

6036: 5629: 4206:

Renewable Energy Commercialisation in Australia – Biomass Projects

2322: 1991: 1835: 1319: 785: 371:

supported 566 projects with $ 1.63 billion in grant funding.

28: 5554: 5518:"Nectr executive scores CEC Women in Renewables AICD scholarship" 5466: 4956: 4026:

Australia's Nationally Determined Contribution Communication 2022

1241:. In 2018, it funded Australia's first green hydrogen project at 5199: 4886:"WA hydrogen project is almost four times larger than Whyalla's" 4806:"WA hydrogen project is almost four times larger than Whyalla's" 3131:. Government of South Australia. 19 October 2011. Archived from 2309:

has been involved in solar power since 1973 and its subsidiary,

1966: 1534:

installations, bringing total small-scale capacity to 19.39 GW.

1304:, would create green hydrogen gas. This would be piped north to 1246: 6992: 6483: 6390:

Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water

6117: 6051: 5799: 3041:

Australian Government: Office of the Renewable Energy Regulator

2609:, South Australia, in 2000. The company first created the 46MW 1030:

Biofuels produced from food crops have become controversial as

424:

By the end of 2022, the CEFC had investments totalling around

4056:"2017: Biggest year for Australia's Renewable Energy Industry" 3219: 2758:"Major Investors More Confident in Australia's Climate Policy" 2457:

business using technology invented by a team led by Professor

1904: 5029:"Environmental Issues: Energy Use and Conservation, Mar 2014" 3747:"WA 'right at the back of the pack' in renewable energy race" 1237:(ARENA), an independent federal government agency, mostly in 597:

aims to have zero emissions across the state economy by 2050.

290:

in December 2007 under the then newly elected Prime Minister

5892:

Australian Government Renewable Energy Policies and Programs

5103: 1816:

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

758:

Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering

5883:

A Bright Future: 25% Renewable Energy for Australia by 2020

3817:

A Bright Future: 25% Renewable Energy for Australia by 2020

3444:. Parliament of Australia. 21 December 2011. Archived from 2306: 1541:

Top 5 operational large-scale solar farms by capacity (MW)

259:, reduce oil import dependency, and stimulate the economy. 516:

There is dispute about the level of subsidies paid to the

6385:

Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency

6037:

Map of operating renewable energy generators in Australia

3855:

Climate Code Red: The case for a sustainability emergency

552:

to finance more than 900 MW of renewable energy projects.

270:

had no renewable energy policy beyond the year 2020. The

6042:

Renewable energy farms and Energy Georeference World map

6015: 5824: 5585:

Solar Systems wins National Engineering Excellence award

4190:"Australian Energy Statistics 2022 Energy Update Report" 325:(MRET) set by both Commonwealth and state governments. 6094:

Australian breakthrough snapped up – by eager Americans

6033:, Australian Government – Department of the Environment 4424: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4416: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4387: 3322:"Australia dumps carbon price, as repeal passes Senate" 483:

The Solar Sunshot program, announced by prime minister

6380:

Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation

5251:"FACTBOX-Main renewables being developed in Australia" 5077:. Clean Energy Council. pp. 5, 42. Archived from 1362:

storage under the 'Battery of the Nation' initiative.

526:

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

524:(ACF) argues that according to the definitions of the 7240: 4704:

Energy superpower or sustainable energy leader? (PDF)

4689:

Scientists get hot rocks off over green nuclear power

4033:

Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources

3626:"Tasmania to achieve 100 per cent renewables by 2022" 5153:

Lovegrove, K.; Burgess, G.; Pye, J. (1 April 2011).

3945:

Michael Safi; Shalailah Medhora (22 December 2014).

3572:. Australian Conservation Foundation. Archived from 3542:. Australian Conservation Foundation. Archived from 3494:"Solar feed-in tariffs VIC WA NSW SA TAS QLD NT ACT" 1055:

Australian bioenergy electricity generation by year

133:

Australia renewable electricity production by source

7184: 7136:

List of concentrating solar thermal power companies

7120: 7026: 6927: 6891: 6855: 6778: 6670: 6663: 6570: 6517: 6403: 6352: 6311: 6253: 6200: 6167: 5967:, Griffith University, ANU, CSIRO and NFEE (2008). 5027:Australian Bureau of Statistics (3 December 2014). 3095:. Clean Energy Council. August 2012. Archived from 2883:"Critical Decade: Generating a Renewable Australia" 2582:applications, and the company built a photovoltaic 1642:Australian solar PV electricity generation by year 1338:The largest hydro power system in Australia is the 398:The carbon pricing legislation was repealed by the 266:for future generations, as it seemed that the then 142: 5224:"Special report: Why did Whyalla solar fall over?" 5155:"A new 500m2 paraboloidal dish solar concentrator" 3352: 3350: 2469:via a minority shareholding stake in Geodynamics. 725:With the 2020 targets being achieved, many of the 702:In December 2016, Australia became a party to the 443:Australian Renewable Energy (Electricity) Act 2000 301:In December 2016, Australia became a party to the 7047:List of offshore wind farms in the United Kingdom 6099:Renewable Energy projects in Australia – By State 6026:The Australian Centre for Renewable Energy (ACRE) 5946:Office of the Renewable Energy Regulator (2006). 5116:http://www.csiro.au/places/SolarEnergyCentre.html 4720:"Green hydrogen innovation hub to be built in WA" 4674:Big energy role for central Australia's hot rocks 540:State governments have varied in their policies. 7052:List of offshore wind farms in the United States 7042:List of onshore wind farms in the United Kingdom 6104:Renewable Energy projects in Australia – By Type 6089:Renewable energy revolution for NSW cane growers 4858:Marshall, Alys; Murphy, Hannah (18 March 2024). 3384:"Clean Energy Finance Corporation Expert Review" 3358:"Taxpayers to back $ 10bn renewable energy fund" 3296:"Emissions drop signals fall in carbon tax take" 7216:List of people associated with renewable energy 5211:ABC Rural (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) 3836:. Greenpeace International 2008. Archived from 2127:Australian wind electricity generation by year 1366:Australian hydroelectricity generation by year 765:power, batteries and probably gas for a while. 680:In 2012, these policies were supplemented by a 18:Renewable energy commercialization in Australia 5955:Renewable Energy Generators Australia (2006). 5940:NSW Renewable Energy Target: Explanatory Paper 5141:International Journal of Environmental Studies 5015:International Journal of Environmental Studies 4999:International Journal of Environmental Studies 2369:power station, and are a joint owner in three 2026:Top 5 operational wind farms by capacity (MW) 1217:to contribute electricity for 450 years. 385:In 2012, the Gillard government implemented a 7004: 6495: 6129: 6064:Australia no shining star of renewable energy 5901:Climate Change in Australia: Technical Report 3901:"Research: Stationary Energy Plan | Industry" 3602:. Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from 3122:"A Renewable Energy Plan for South Australia" 1885:have spun off into Solar Heat and Power (now 8: 7212:List of largest hydroelectric power stations 4669: 4667: 344:'s (AEMO) forecast of 83% renewables in the 5979:Energy evolution Scenario: Australia, 2008 5910:Rural Australia Providing Climate Solutions 5880:Australian Conservation Foundation (2007). 3814:Australian Conservation Foundation (2007). 3799:Rural Australia Providing Climate Solutions 3392:. Commonwealth of Australia. Archived from 3265:. Commonwealth of Australia. Archived from 3084: 3082: 2682:Renewable electricity production by country 2647:Centre for Energy and Environmental Markets 2535:in 2010. The scheme also diverts water for 94:in 2007, and in 2016 became a party to the 7225:List of renewable energy topics by country 7156:List of rooftop photovoltaic installations 7062:Lists of offshore wind farms by water area 7011: 6997: 6989: 6667: 6502: 6488: 6480: 6136: 6122: 6114: 6016:Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) 5949:Mandatory Renewable Energy Target Overview 4121:"Renewable Energy Investment in Australia" 4044:Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) 2014:The largest wind farm in Australia is the 796: 357:Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) 136: 75:that has been brought about by the use of 6511:Renewable energy by country and territory 6084:Riches in energy harvesting, farmers told 5138:Solar thermal energy systems in Australia 5012:Solar thermal energy systems in Australia 4996:Solar thermal energy systems in Australia 3289: 3287: 2578:was a leader in high concentration solar 1889:), which was building a major project at 6021:Office of the Renewable Energy Regulator 5143:, Vol. 63, No. 6, December 2006, p. 797. 5017:, Vol. 63, No. 6, December 2006, p. 793. 5001:, Vol. 63, No. 6, December 2006, p. 791. 4837:Office of Hydrogen Power South Australia 2987: 2985: 2907:Poddar, S., Evans, J.P., Kay, M. et al. 2584:Mildura Solar concentrator power station 2517:Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Authority 2125: 2024: 1922:. The reason given is: cite is very old. 1640: 1539: 1364: 1053: 756:In July 2022, a report published by the 128: 7247: 7107:List of wind farms in the United States 7057:Lists of offshore wind farms by country 6192:Petroleum industry in Western Australia 6177:Carbon capture and storage in Australia 6047:Desert Knowledge Australia Solar Centre 5132: 5130: 4978:"Australian PV market since April 2001" 3926:"How to be fully renewable in 10 years" 3468:"NSW slashes its solar feed-in tariffs" 2724: 2523:which generates on average around 4500 418:Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC) 406:Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC) 7220:List of renewable energy organizations 5724:"Wind Prospect Group Limited overview" 5102:CSIRO Solar Blog. Retrieved Nov 2011, 5068:"Clean Energy Australia 2010 (Report)" 4773: 4771: 4273:The biofuels promise: updated thinking 4249: 4247: 3857:, Friends of the Earth, Melbourne 2008 3810: 3808: 2873: 2871: 2869: 439:Renewable Energy Certificates Registry 433:Renewable Energy Certificates Registry 7207:Lists of hydroelectric power stations 6421:Photovoltaic engineering in Australia 6288:Greenhouse gas emissions by Australia 5773:"The weather business: Wind Prospect" 4637: 4635: 4633: 4631: 4629: 4627: 4597: 4595: 4593: 4591: 4561: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4525: 4523: 4521: 4519: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4483: 4453: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4357: 4355: 4353: 4351: 3199:"Australia 2023 Energy Policy Review" 3193: 3191: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3183: 3181: 3179: 2809: 2807: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2677:Photovoltaic engineering in Australia 2672:Greenhouse gas emissions by Australia 262:A 2019 article raised concerns about 7: 7192:List of books about renewable energy 7171:List of solar thermal power stations 6411:Energy Policy Institute of Australia 6263:Asia-Pacific Emissions Trading Forum 6074:Green energy market unviable: Vestas 6069:MRET policy 'stills wind farm plans' 5800:"renewable energy project developer" 4644:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2022" 4604:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2019" 4568:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2016" 4532:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2015" 4496:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2014" 4460:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2013" 4431:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2018" 4400:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2020" 4364:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2021" 4176:Department of Energy and Environment 3972:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2012" 3745:Shepherd, Briana (16 October 2018). 3222:. Australian Renewable Energy Agency 2939: 2937: 2881:; Veena Sahajwalla (November 2012). 2816:"Clean Energy Australia Report 2023" 2797: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2783: 2781: 2779: 102:in Australia is still disputed. The 7146:List of photovoltaic power stations 6365:Australian Energy Market Commission 6360:Australian Atomic Energy Commission 6329:Nuclear Fuel Cycle Royal Commission 5403:Solar Power Profitability: BP Solar 5136:Lovegrove, Keith and Dennis, Mike. 5010:Lovegrove, Keith and Dennis, Mike. 4994:Lovegrove, Keith and Dennis, Mike. 4148:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 3853:Spratt, David and Sutton, Phillip, 3685:Vorrath, Sophie (17 January 2019). 2814:Clean Energy Council (April 2023). 1347:, it consists in adding a 2,000 MW 1308:, where it would be converted into 1290:East Kimberley Clean Energy Project 712:Nationally Determined Contributions 666:very large scale solar power plants 7176:People associated with solar power 7151:List of pioneering solar buildings 7112:List of wind turbine manufacturers 6319:Anti-nuclear movement in Australia 6293:Mandatory renewable energy targets 4753:Australian Renewable Energy Agency 4725:Australian Renewable Energy Agency 3600:"The Truth About Energy Subsidies" 2971:Securing Australia's Energy Future 2693:Renewable energy commercialisation 2321:battery, jointly developed by the 1235:Australian Renewable Energy Agency 1233:production has been funded by the 522:Australian Conservation Foundation 363:Australian Renewable Energy Agency 323:mandatory renewable energy targets 104:Australian Renewable Energy Agency 25: 7202:List of geothermal power stations 7092:List of wind farms in New Zealand 6370:Australian Energy Market Operator 6235:Solar thermal energy in Australia 5988:Zero Carbon Australia 2020, 2010 5698:"Wind Prospect Group Ltd Profile" 5555:Geodynamics: Power from the earth 3206:International Energy Agency (IEA) 3059:Parkinson, Giles (4 April 2011). 1999:, Atherton Tablelands, Queensland 1795:Solar thermal energy in Australia 727:Australian states and territories 621:mandatory renewable energy target 512:Subsidies to fossil fuel industry 465:Council of Australian Governments 342:Australian Energy Market Operator 7286: 7274: 7262: 7250: 7020:Lists of renewable energy topics 6972: 6963: 6962: 6527:Democratic Republic of the Congo 6463: 6453: 6443: 6434: 6433: 6145: 5771:Bezzina, Lauren (7 April 2016). 5492:"Nectr switched on for 100 days" 4884:Simmons, David (19 March 2024). 4804:Simmons, David (19 March 2024). 4037: 3565:O'Conner, Simon (25 June 2010). 3335:Yeates, Clancy (13 April 2015). 3320:Vorrath, Sophie (17 July 2014). 3061:"RET: Hail fellow, not well met" 2297:Major renewable energy companies 1909: 1859:White Cliffs Solar Power Station 1049:heavy reliance on road transport 814:Share of renewables 2020–21 (%) 779: 412:Clean Energy Finance Corporation 352:Government bodies and mechanisms 43:in Australia is mainly based on 34:White Cliffs Solar Power Station 7141:List of photovoltaics companies 7072:List of wind farms in Australia 6187:Electricity sector in Australia 4169:"Australian Energy Update 2018" 4138:Mercer, Daniel (11 July 2022). 3771:Vorrath, Sophie (31 May 2019). 3598:Berg, Chris (2 February 2011). 3567:"G20 and fossil fuel subsidies" 3294:Uren, David (23 January 2013). 2636:Australian Renewable Energy Hub 708:emissions reduction commitments 416:The new 10 billion dollar 307:emissions reduction commitments 7166:List of solar powered products 7131:Index of solar energy articles 7067:Lists of wind farms by country 6324:Australian Uranium Association 6278:Energy Efficient Homes Package 6215:Green electricity in Australia 5889:Australian Government (2007). 5222:Edis, Tristan (12 June 2013). 3829:Teske, Sven; Vincent, Julien. 2993:"International climate action" 2969:Australian Government (2004). 2928:Environmental Research Letters 2667:Green electricity in Australia 2463:Australian National University 2434:in Queensland and the 88 MWAC 1855:Australian National University 1208:Geothermal energy in Australia 839:Municipal and Industrial waste 71:in order to limit the rate of 1: 7309:Renewable energy in Australia 7097:List of wind farms in Romania 6416:Garnaut Climate Change Review 6220:Renewable energy in Australia 6079:Cool wind blows for investors 5544:SLIVER technology facts sheet 5179:10.1016/j.solener.2010.01.009 4914:. Retrieved 19 November 2010 3711:Edis, Tristan (2 July 2019). 3651:Morton, Adam (19 June 2019). 3511:Foley, Mike (27 March 2024). 2687:Renewable Energy Certificates 2662:Geothermal power in Australia 2498:Ord River Hydro Power Station 2451:wind farms in South Australia 1883:University of New South Wales 63:before 2040. Wind energy and 7102:List of wind farms in Sweden 7087:List of wind farms in Kosovo 7077:List of wind farms in Canada 6283:Feed-in tariffs in Australia 6225:Solar hot water in Australia 5977:Greenpeace Australia Pacific 5919:Paths to a Low Carbon Future 5391:10.1016/j.renene.2013.12.010 5309:10.1016/j.renene.2013.06.024 5283:10.1016/j.renene.2011.08.016 2494:Eildon Pondage Power Station 1840:National Solar Energy Centre 1806:Solar hot water in Australia 1525:Feed-in tariffs in Australia 557:Australian Capital Territory 536:State and territory policies 455:Feed-in tariffs in Australia 264:environmental sustainability 6375:Australian Energy Regulator 6344:Uranium mining in Australia 6273:Climate change in Australia 6268:Carbon pricing in Australia 5998:A plan to repower Australia 5418:Wind energy round the clock 5364:10.1016/j.enpol.2013.03.038 5337:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.03.011 4912:Snowy Hydro: Power Stations 4779:"Whyalla Hydrogen Facility" 3158:"Australia 2023 – Analysis" 2698:Renewable energy by country 2652:Climate change in Australia 2533:National Electricity Market 2202:% of Renewable Electricity 1877:Research activities at the 1717:% of Renewable Electricity 1564:Darlington Point Solar Farm 1441:% of Renewable Electricity 1274:South Australian Government 1130:% of Renewable Electricity 530:Institute of Public Affairs 520:industry in Australia. The 381:Carbon pricing in Australia 346:National Electricity Market 73:climate change in Australia 7325: 7082:List of wind farms in Iran 7037:List of onshore wind farms 6334:Nuclear power in Australia 6161:Energy policy of Australia 5935:New South Wales Government 5406:Environmental News Network 2515:, previously known as the 2277: 1985: 1940: 1803: 1792: 1522: 1516: 1292:, in which a 900-megawatt 1281:, which will then produce 1205: 1005: 970: 951: 932: 913: 894: 875: 856: 837: 818: 452: 409: 378: 360: 243:Energy policy of Australia 240: 6958: 6429: 6298:Solar Cities in Australia 6158: 6004:. Repower Australia 2018. 5916:Diesendorf, Mark (2007). 5851:"Wind Prospect Group Ltd" 5649:"Large Scale Solar Power" 5104:http://csirosolarblog.com 4748:"ATCO Hydrogen Microgrid" 4692:The Sydney Morning Herald 4125:Reserve Bank of Australia 3341:The Sydney Morning Herald 2861:strongly in recent years. 2657:Energy in South Australia 2486:Challicum Hills Wind Farm 2377:Meridian Energy Australia 1918:This section needs to be 1270:Whyalla Hydrogen Facility 1040:Ethanol fuel in Australia 1019:, for example by burning 1015:can be used directly for 220: 206: 192: 178: 164: 150: 145: 6230:Solar power in Australia 5965:The Natural Edge Project 5590:21 February 2007 at the 4709:, October–November 2007. 4278:, October–November 2006. 2704:Solar power in Australia 2402:, planning to expand to 2049:Stockyard Hill Wind Farm 2016:Stockyard Hill Wind Farm 1519:Solar power in Australia 610:Timeline of developments 317:Renewable energy targets 282:International agreements 253:government energy policy 69:government energy policy 7161:List of solar car teams 6245:Wind power in Australia 6240:Wave power in Australia 5684:3 December 2008 at the 5630:Solar Systems home page 5429:Edwards solar hot water 4783:Infrastructure Pipeline 4253:Queensland Government. 3540:"Fossil fuel subsidies" 3046:26 October 2011 at the 2976:30 October 2006 at the 2709:Wind power in Australia 2237:% of Total Electricity 1988:Wind power in Australia 1943:Wave power in Australia 1752:% of Total Electricity 1476:% of Total Electricity 1165:% of Total Electricity 286:Australia ratified the 90:Australia ratified the 5925:ICLEI Oceania (2007). 5571:30 August 2007 at the 4642:Clean Energy Council. 4602:Clean Energy Council. 4566:Clean Energy Council. 4530:Clean Energy Council. 4494:Clean Energy Council. 4458:Clean Energy Council. 4429:Clean Energy Council. 4398:Clean Energy Council. 4362:Clean Energy Council. 4260:20 August 2007 at the 2615:Mount Millar Wind Farm 2601:is a company based in 2543:Catchment west to the 2521:Snowy Mountains Scheme 2000: 1340:Snowy Mountains Scheme 1332: 1329:Snowy Mountains Scheme 1017:electricity generation 794: 134: 37: 6303:The Transition Decade 5986:Beyond Zero Emissions 5635:21 March 2007 at the 5522:pv magazine Australia 5496:pv magazine Australia 5445:pv magazine Australia 5385:66, (2014), 196–204, 5358:59, (2013), 270–282, 5331:45, (2012), 606–613, 5277:39, (2012), 183–197, 5054:20 April 2009 at the 4918:21 March 2010 at the 3931:Sydney Morning Herald 2949:pv magazine Australia 2931:2023. 16 (11): 114034 2490:Portland Wind Project 2432:Barcaldine solar farm 2396:South East Queensland 2280:100% renewable energy 2065:Coopers Gap Wind Farm 2020:Coopers Gap Wind Farm 1995: 1891:Liddell Power Station 1628:Wellington Solar Farm 1323: 1045:Queensland Government 789: 479:Solar Sunshot program 132: 100:fossil fuel subsidies 32: 6210:Biofuel in Australia 5995:Ison, Nicky (2018). 4651:Clean Energy Council 4611:Clean Energy Council 4575:Clean Energy Council 4539:Clean Energy Council 4503:Clean Energy Council 4467:Clean Energy Council 4438:Clean Energy Council 4407:Clean Energy Council 4371:Clean Energy Council 4255:Ethanol case studies 4238:12 June 2008 at the 4211:22 June 2008 at the 3843:on 13 November 2008. 3606:on 27 September 2013 3579:on 27 September 2013 3067:. Business Spectator 2848:Geoscience Australia 2823:Clean Energy Council 2642:Biofuel in Australia 2482:Codrington Wind Farm 2436:Bannerton solar farm 2097:Dundonnell Wind Farm 1997:Windy Hill Wind Farm 1962:, but went bankrupt. 1879:University of Sydney 1789:Solar thermal energy 1612:Sunraysia Solar Farm 1580:Limondale Solar Farm 1349:pumped hydro storage 1249:Hydrogen Microgrid. 1229:Investigations into 1008:Biofuel in Australia 802:Renewable fuel type 274:'s energy minister, 61:phase out coal power 6152:Energy in Australia 5730:. 25 September 1996 5608:, 12 November 2006. 5606:ABC Radio Australia 5566:Solahart Industries 5267:Shafiullah et al., 5171:2011SoEn...85..620L 5161:. SolarPACES 2009. 5121:4 July 2018 at the 5084:on 25 February 2011 5049:PJT Solar Hot Water 4336:. 30 September 2015 4297:Flinders University 3870:. ABC. 23 June 2015 3448:on 26 February 2014 3389:Clean Energy Future 3263:Clean Energy Future 2513:Snowy Hydro Limited 2508:Snowy Hydro Limited 2274:Academic literature 2128: 2113:Moorabool Wind Farm 2081:Macarthur Wind Farm 2027: 1830:Solar thermal power 1812:solar water heating 1800:Solar water heating 1643: 1542: 1513:Solar photovoltaics 1367: 1056: 798: 139: 5702:Environmental XPRT 5257:. 4 February 2009. 5200:Solar Oasis: About 4839:. 25 February 2024 4785:. 16 December 2022 4100:. 8 September 2019 2588:Northern Territory 2549:Murrumbidgee River 2126: 2025: 2001: 1641: 1540: 1365: 1333: 1279:Whyalla Steelworks 1054: 797: 795: 739:Northern Territory 589:Northern Territory 575:government funding 331:Gillard government 268:federal government 137: 135: 38: 7238: 7237: 6986: 6985: 6851: 6850: 6477: 6476: 6182:Coal in Australia 5447:. 21 October 2019 4756:. 19 October 2021 3984:on 22 August 2013 3934:. 13 August 2010. 3474:. 28 October 2010 3442:"Feed-in tariffs" 3065:Climate Spectator 2916:13, 11503 (2023). 2611:Canunda Wind Farm 2492:and Hydro power: 2338:the Middle East. 2271: 2270: 2167:Generation (GWh) 2124: 2123: 1939: 1938: 1786: 1785: 1682:Generation (GWh) 1639: 1638: 1596:Kiamal solar farm 1510: 1509: 1406:Generation (GWh) 1302:Western Australia 1239:Western Australia 1202:Geothermal energy 1199: 1198: 1095:Generation (GWh) 999: 998: 696:Abbott government 651:Abbott government 602:Western Australia 469:Australian Greens 237:Government policy 234: 233: 146:Generation (GWh) 16:(Redirected from 7316: 7291: 7290: 7279: 7278: 7277: 7269:Renewable energy 7267: 7266: 7255: 7254: 7246: 7013: 7006: 6999: 6990: 6976: 6966: 6965: 6909:French Polynesia 6668: 6504: 6497: 6490: 6481: 6469:Renewable energy 6467: 6457: 6447: 6437: 6436: 6201:Renewable energy 6150: 6149: 6148: 6138: 6131: 6124: 6115: 6031:"Climate change" 6005: 6003: 5868: 5867: 5865: 5863: 5847: 5841: 5840: 5838: 5836: 5821: 5815: 5814: 5812: 5810: 5796: 5790: 5789: 5787: 5785: 5768: 5762: 5761: 5756:. 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5870: 5869: 5842: 5816: 5791: 5763: 5741: 5715: 5689: 5672: 5640: 5621: 5610: 5595: 5583:Solar Systems. 5576: 5558: 5547: 5535: 5509: 5483: 5458: 5432: 5421: 5410: 5408:, 25 May 2005. 5395: 5368: 5341: 5314: 5287: 5260: 5242: 5229:The Australian 5214: 5203: 5192: 5165:(4): 620–626. 5145: 5126: 5107: 5095: 5059: 5041: 5019: 5003: 4987: 4969: 4948: 4923: 4904: 4876: 4850: 4824: 4796: 4767: 4739: 4711: 4696: 4681: 4663: 4623: 4587: 4551: 4515: 4479: 4443: 4412: 4383: 4347: 4319: 4280: 4265: 4243: 4225: 4216: 4198: 4181: 4160: 4130: 4111: 4085: 4059: 4048: 4017: 4006:. 11 July 2015 3995: 3963: 3937: 3917: 3905:www.bze.org.au 3892: 3881: 3859: 3846: 3821: 3804: 3796:CSIRO (2007). 3789: 3763: 3737: 3703: 3677: 3643: 3617: 3590: 3557: 3546:on 17 May 2013 3531: 3503: 3485: 3459: 3433: 3422:on 3 July 2014 3416:"REC Registry" 3407: 3375: 3362:The Australian 3346: 3327: 3312: 3300:The Australian 3283: 3272:on 19 May 2013 3247: 3233: 3211: 3175: 3149: 3113: 3078: 3051: 3033: 3011: 2981: 2962: 2951:. 3 April 2019 2933: 2918: 2900: 2865: 2850:. 27 June 2014 2835: 2775: 2749: 2723: 2722: 2720: 2717: 2712: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2695: 2690: 2684: 2679: 2674: 2669: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2619:Eyre Peninsula 2595: 2592: 2572: 2569: 2556: 2553: 2519:, manages the 2509: 2506: 2502:The Drop Hydro 2474: 2471: 2459:Andrew Blakers 2443: 2440: 2420:Hanwha Q Cells 2387: 2384: 2378: 2375: 2362:Hydro Tasmania 2358: 2357:Hydro Tasmania 2355: 2343: 2340: 2334: 2331: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2291:global warming 2278:Main article: 2275: 2272: 2269: 2268: 2265: 2262: 2259: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2234: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2199: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2189: 2186: 2183: 2180: 2177: 2174: 2171: 2168: 2164: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2136: 2133: 2122: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2110: 2106: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2094: 2090: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2078: 2074: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2062: 2058: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2046: 2042: 2041: 2038: 2037:Capacity (MW) 2035: 2032: 1986:Main article: 1983: 1980: 1979: 1978: 1970: 1963: 1941:Main article: 1937: 1936: 1917: 1915: 1908: 1902: 1899: 1831: 1828: 1819: 1804:Main article: 1801: 1798: 1793:Main article: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1749: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1714: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1683: 1679: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1637: 1636: 1633: 1630: 1625: 1621: 1620: 1617: 1614: 1609: 1605: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1593: 1589: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1577: 1573: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1561: 1557: 1556: 1553: 1552:Capacity (MW) 1550: 1547: 1517:Main article: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1489: 1486: 1483: 1480: 1477: 1473: 1472: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1438: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1403: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1355:Hydro Tasmania 1317: 1314: 1231:green hydrogen 1226: 1225:Green hydrogen 1223: 1206:Main article: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1162: 1161: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1127: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1092: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1061: 1006:Main article: 1003: 1000: 997: 996: 991: 986: 981: 976: 968: 967: 964: 961: 958: 955: 949: 948: 945: 942: 939: 936: 930: 929: 926: 923: 920: 917: 911: 910: 907: 904: 901: 898: 892: 891: 888: 885: 882: 879: 873: 872: 869: 866: 863: 860: 854: 853: 850: 847: 844: 841: 835: 834: 831: 828: 825: 822: 816: 815: 812: 809: 806: 803: 773: 770: 746: 743: 677: 674: 643: 616: 613: 611: 608: 607: 606: 598: 592: 585: 578: 567: 560: 553: 537: 534: 513: 510: 494:Latrobe Valley 480: 477: 453:Main article: 450: 447: 434: 431: 410:Main article: 407: 404: 379:Main article: 376: 375:Carbon pricing 373: 361:Main article: 358: 355: 353: 350: 318: 315: 296:Kyoto Protocol 288:Kyoto Protocol 283: 280: 257:climate change 238: 235: 232: 231: 224: 222: 218: 217: 210: 208: 204: 203: 196: 194: 190: 189: 182: 180: 176: 175: 168: 166: 162: 161: 154: 152: 148: 147: 144: 116:Hydro Tasmania 92:Kyoto protocol 81:green hydrogen 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7321: 7310: 7307: 7306: 7304: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7282: 7272: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7258: 7253: 7248: 7244: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7189: 7187: 7183: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7119: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7070: 7068: 7065: 7063: 7060: 7058: 7055: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7025: 7021: 7014: 7009: 7007: 7002: 7000: 6995: 6994: 6991: 6979: 6975: 6971: 6969: 6961: 6960: 6957: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6932: 6930: 6928:South America 6926: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6896: 6894: 6890: 6884: 6883:United States 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6860: 6858: 6856:North America 6854: 6842: 6839: 6838: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6783: 6781: 6777: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6677: 6675: 6673: 6669: 6666: 6662: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6577: 6575: 6573: 6569: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6524: 6522: 6520: 6516: 6512: 6505: 6500: 6498: 6493: 6491: 6486: 6485: 6482: 6470: 6466: 6462: 6460: 6456: 6452: 6450: 6446: 6442: 6440: 6432: 6431: 6428: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6408: 6406: 6402: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6357: 6355: 6351: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6316: 6314: 6312:Nuclear power 6310: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6252: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6207: 6205: 6199: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6174: 6172: 6166: 6162: 6157: 6153: 6139: 6134: 6132: 6127: 6125: 6120: 6119: 6116: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6061: 6057: 6056: 6053: 6052:Renew Economy 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6013: 6009: 6000: 5999: 5993: 5990: 5987: 5984: 5981: 5978: 5975: 5972: 5971: 5966: 5963: 5960: 5959: 5954: 5951: 5950: 5945: 5942: 5941: 5936: 5933: 5930: 5929: 5924: 5921: 5920: 5915: 5912: 5911: 5906: 5903: 5902: 5897: 5894: 5893: 5888: 5885: 5884: 5879: 5878: 5874: 5858: 5857: 5856:Bloomberg.com 5852: 5846: 5843: 5830: 5826: 5820: 5817: 5805: 5804:Wind Prospect 5801: 5795: 5792: 5780: 5779: 5774: 5767: 5764: 5759: 5755: 5754:Wind Prospect 5751: 5745: 5742: 5729: 5725: 5719: 5716: 5703: 5699: 5693: 5690: 5687: 5683: 5680: 5676: 5673: 5657: 5650: 5644: 5641: 5638: 5634: 5631: 5625: 5622: 5619: 5614: 5611: 5607: 5604: 5599: 5596: 5593: 5589: 5586: 5580: 5577: 5574: 5570: 5567: 5562: 5559: 5556: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5539: 5536: 5523: 5519: 5513: 5510: 5498:. 18 May 2020 5497: 5493: 5487: 5484: 5472: 5468: 5462: 5459: 5446: 5442: 5436: 5433: 5430: 5425: 5422: 5419: 5414: 5411: 5407: 5404: 5399: 5396: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5383: 5378: 5372: 5369: 5365: 5361: 5357: 5356: 5355:Energy Policy 5351: 5345: 5342: 5338: 5334: 5330: 5329: 5328:Energy Policy 5324: 5318: 5315: 5310: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5291: 5288: 5284: 5280: 5276: 5275: 5270: 5264: 5261: 5256: 5252: 5246: 5243: 5231: 5230: 5225: 5218: 5215: 5212: 5207: 5204: 5201: 5196: 5193: 5188: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5149: 5146: 5142: 5139: 5133: 5131: 5127: 5124: 5120: 5117: 5111: 5108: 5105: 5099: 5096: 5080: 5076: 5075:Official site 5069: 5063: 5060: 5057: 5053: 5050: 5045: 5042: 5030: 5023: 5020: 5016: 5013: 5007: 5004: 5000: 4997: 4991: 4988: 4983: 4979: 4973: 4970: 4958: 4952: 4949: 4937: 4933: 4927: 4924: 4921: 4917: 4913: 4908: 4905: 4893: 4892: 4887: 4880: 4877: 4865: 4861: 4854: 4851: 4838: 4834: 4828: 4825: 4813: 4812: 4807: 4800: 4797: 4784: 4780: 4774: 4772: 4768: 4755: 4754: 4749: 4743: 4740: 4728:. 3 July 2018 4727: 4726: 4721: 4715: 4712: 4708: 4705: 4700: 4697: 4693: 4690: 4685: 4682: 4679:, 2 May 2007. 4678: 4675: 4670: 4668: 4664: 4652: 4645: 4638: 4636: 4634: 4632: 4630: 4628: 4624: 4612: 4605: 4598: 4596: 4594: 4592: 4588: 4576: 4569: 4562: 4560: 4558: 4556: 4552: 4540: 4533: 4526: 4524: 4522: 4520: 4516: 4504: 4497: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4484: 4480: 4468: 4461: 4454: 4452: 4450: 4448: 4444: 4439: 4432: 4425: 4423: 4421: 4419: 4417: 4413: 4408: 4401: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4388: 4384: 4372: 4365: 4358: 4356: 4354: 4352: 4348: 4335: 4334: 4329: 4323: 4320: 4304: 4300: 4298: 4290: 4284: 4281: 4277: 4274: 4269: 4266: 4263: 4259: 4256: 4250: 4248: 4244: 4241: 4237: 4234: 4229: 4226: 4220: 4217: 4214: 4210: 4207: 4202: 4199: 4191: 4185: 4182: 4177: 4170: 4164: 4161: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4134: 4131: 4126: 4122: 4115: 4112: 4099: 4095: 4089: 4086: 4073: 4069: 4063: 4060: 4057: 4052: 4049: 4045: 4040: 4034: 4027: 4021: 4018: 4005: 3999: 3996: 3980: 3973: 3967: 3964: 3952: 3948: 3941: 3938: 3933: 3932: 3927: 3921: 3918: 3906: 3902: 3896: 3893: 3890: 3885: 3882: 3869: 3863: 3860: 3856: 3850: 3847: 3839: 3832: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3818: 3811: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3800: 3793: 3790: 3778: 3774: 3767: 3764: 3752: 3748: 3741: 3738: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3707: 3704: 3692: 3688: 3681: 3678: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3647: 3644: 3632:. 3 July 2019 3631: 3627: 3621: 3618: 3605: 3601: 3594: 3591: 3575: 3568: 3561: 3558: 3545: 3541: 3535: 3532: 3520: 3519: 3514: 3507: 3504: 3499: 3495: 3489: 3486: 3473: 3469: 3463: 3460: 3447: 3443: 3437: 3434: 3421: 3417: 3411: 3408: 3395: 3391: 3390: 3385: 3379: 3376: 3363: 3359: 3353: 3351: 3347: 3342: 3338: 3331: 3328: 3323: 3316: 3313: 3301: 3297: 3290: 3288: 3284: 3268: 3264: 3257: 3251: 3248: 3243: 3237: 3234: 3221: 3220:"About ARENA" 3215: 3212: 3207: 3200: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3176: 3163: 3159: 3153: 3150: 3134: 3130: 3123: 3117: 3114: 3098: 3091: 3085: 3083: 3079: 3066: 3062: 3055: 3052: 3049: 3045: 3042: 3037: 3034: 3022:. 15 May 2017 3021: 3015: 3012: 3000: 2999: 2994: 2988: 2986: 2982: 2979: 2975: 2972: 2966: 2963: 2950: 2946: 2940: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2929: 2922: 2919: 2915: 2914: 2910: 2904: 2901: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2849: 2845: 2839: 2836: 2824: 2817: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2776: 2763: 2759: 2753: 2750: 2738: 2734: 2728: 2725: 2718: 2715: 2710: 2707: 2705: 2702: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2688: 2685: 2683: 2680: 2678: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2668: 2665: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2633: 2628: 2626: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2599:Wind Prospect 2594:Wind Prospect 2593: 2591: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2576:Solar Systems 2571:Solar Systems 2570: 2568: 2565: 2561: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2447:Origin Energy 2442:Origin Energy 2441: 2439: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2385: 2383: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2368: 2363: 2356: 2354: 2352: 2348: 2341: 2339: 2332: 2330: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2301: 2296: 2294: 2292: 2287: 2281: 2273: 2266: 2263: 2260: 2257: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2236: 2235: 2231: 2228: 2225: 2222: 2219: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2200: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2175: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2165: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2130: 2119: 2116: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2107: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2091: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2075: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2060: 2059: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2043: 2040:Commissioned 2039: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2029: 2023: 2021: 2017: 2012: 2010: 2005: 1998: 1994: 1989: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1968: 1964: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1950: 1949: 1948: 1944: 1933: 1921: 1916: 1907: 1906: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1895:Hunter Valley 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1875: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1829: 1827: 1823: 1817: 1813: 1807: 1799: 1796: 1788: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1715: 1711: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1680: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1649: 1646: 1645: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1623: 1622: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1590: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1574: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1555:Commissioned 1554: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1544: 1538: 1535: 1531: 1526: 1520: 1512: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1474: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1439: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1404: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1363: 1361: 1356: 1352: 1350: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1315: 1313: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1286: 1284: 1280: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1262: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1245:, called the 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1224: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1209: 1201: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1163: 1159: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1128: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1052: 1050: 1046: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1028: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1009: 1001: 995: 992: 990: 987: 985: 982: 980: 977: 975: 974: 969: 965: 962: 959: 956: 954: 950: 946: 943: 940: 937: 935: 931: 927: 924: 921: 918: 916: 912: 908: 905: 902: 899: 897: 893: 889: 886: 883: 880: 878: 874: 870: 867: 864: 861: 859: 855: 851: 848: 845: 842: 840: 836: 832: 829: 826: 823: 821: 817: 813: 810: 808:2020–21 (PJ) 807: 805:2016–17 (PJ) 804: 801: 800: 792: 788: 784: 782: 777: 771: 769: 766: 764: 763:hydroelectric 759: 754: 752: 751:rooftop solar 744: 742: 740: 736: 732: 728: 722: 719: 715: 713: 709: 705: 700: 697: 694:In 2015, the 692: 690: 685: 683: 675: 673: 671: 670:wind turbines 667: 662: 660: 659:photovoltaics 657:to encourage 656: 652: 647: 640: 639: 633: 628: 624: 622: 614: 609: 603: 599: 596: 593: 590: 586: 582: 579: 576: 571: 568: 564: 561: 558: 554: 551: 547: 543: 542: 541: 535: 533: 531: 527: 523: 519: 511: 509: 507: 506:Hunter Region 503: 499: 495: 491: 486: 478: 476: 474: 470: 466: 461: 456: 448: 446: 444: 440: 432: 430: 422: 419: 413: 405: 403: 401: 396: 393: 388: 382: 374: 372: 369: 364: 356: 351: 349: 347: 343: 338: 334: 332: 326: 324: 316: 314: 312: 308: 304: 299: 297: 293: 289: 281: 279: 277: 273: 272:Liberal Party 269: 265: 260: 258: 254: 248: 247:Solar credits 244: 236: 223: 221:Medium solar 219: 209: 205: 195: 191: 181: 177: 167: 163: 153: 149: 141: 131: 127: 125: 121: 120:Origin Energy 117: 113: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 88: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 66: 65:rooftop solar 62: 58: 54: 50: 46: 42: 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