25:
17:
336:
228:
140:
1616:
1606:
427:
296:
is especially simple in major-thirds tuning. Chords are inverted simply by raising one or two notes three strings. The raised notes are played with the same finger as the original notes. The major-thirds tuning is also a regular tuning having a
194:
Any note fingered on one string can be fingered on two other strings. Thus chords can be fingered in many ways in augmented-fourths tuning. It is also a regular tuning in which the interval between its strings is a
362:
notes have different sounds because of differing "string widths, tensions and tunings, and reinforce each other, like the doubled strings of a twelve string guitar add chorusing and depth," according to
219:
This kind of tuning can also be called modal D or open D5 as it contains a D chord without a third. It is also used on other instruments, e.g. fiddle, mandolin and the Irish bouzouki.
828:, Matheon preprints, vol. 695, Berlin: DFG research center "MATHEON, Mathematics for key technologies" Berlin, MSC-Classification 97M80 Arts. Music. Language. Architecture.
24:
16:
889:
240:
823:
718:
The golden age of the
Russian guitar: Repertoire, performance practice, and social function of the Russian seven-string guitar music, 1800-1850
781:
697:
1640:
20:
Major-thirds tuning repeats itself (at a higher octave) after three strings. Thus, chords can be shifted vertically on the same frets.
123:. For example, the repetitive open-C tuning C-E-G-C-E-G has three open-pitches, each of which is associated with repeated notes
720:. Duke University, Department of Music. pp. 1–584. University Microfilms (UMI), Ann Arbor, Michigan, number 9928880.
930:
62:, there are four repetitive-tunings (besides trivially repetitive tunings such as C-C-C-C-C-C); this article discusses three
113:. For example, in major-thirds tuning, chords are raised an octave by shifting fingers by three strings on the same frets.
335:
882:
1577:
446:
1488:
1419:
187:
144:
71:
227:
1619:
875:
653:
1609:
1322:
1308:
1267:
1258:
1038:
998:
772:
Hannu Annala; Heiki Mätlik (2007). "Composers for other plucked instruments: Rudolf
Straube (1717-1785)".
170:
Other trivial-tunings repeat their single notes on a higher octave (or on higher octaves), for example,
849:
819:
670:
837:
803:
744:
734:
639:
566:
535:
525:
1498:
1463:
1429:
1399:
752:. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin; Department of Electrical Engineering. pp. 16–33
616:. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin; Department of Electrical Engineering. pp. 34–51
543:. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin; Department of Electrical Engineering. pp. 52–67
351:
343:
339:
251:
232:
139:
67:
63:
1558:
1409:
692:. Soviet history, politics, society, and thought. Indiana University Press. pp. 1–271.
359:
48:
853:
833:
608:
598:
582:
829:
1435:
777:
713:
693:
1587:
983:
957:
845:
740:
604:
531:
408:
364:
471:
293:
239:
59:
1582:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1478:
1413:
1389:
1379:
1363:
949:
920:
898:
323:
319:
309:
159:
152:
95:
91:
40:
322:'s open C tuning, there are ten strings—of which the highest eight are paired in four
243:
For the
Russian guitar, the open strings form a G-major chord, which is twice repeated
1634:
1439:
1331:
1300:
1292:
1244:
1206:
1157:
1107:
1046:
1030:
1022:
1014:
1006:
852:. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin; Department of Electrical Engineering.
315:
305:
110:
87:
83:
1563:
953:
432:
106:
75:
687:
1553:
1466:
1403:
1393:
412:
355:
298:
120:
79:
183:
The following tunings repeat their notes on a higher octave after two strings:
689:
Songs to seven strings: Russian guitar poetry and Soviet "mass song"
440:
422:
1571:
1567:
675:. The Russian Collection. Vol. 10 ("X"). Editions Orphee. PR.494028240.
672:
Selected
Concert Works for the Russian 7-String Guitar in G open tuning
117:
102:
215:
Alternating fourths and fifths tuning, such as A1-D2-A2-D3-A3-D4. (ADADAD)
1367:
1423:
204:
196:
1383:
925:
658:. The Russian Collection. Vol. 9. Editions Orphee. PR.494028230.
655:
19th Century etudes for the
Russian 7-string guitar in G Op
411:
chord. The minor-thirds tuning is also a regular tuning, which has a
156:
52:
44:
526:"Regular tunings", p. 53; and "The augmented fourths tuning" 60
334:
238:
226:
138:
23:
15:
867:
477:
1542:
1457:
1361:
947:
909:
871:
247:
The following tunings repeat their notes after three strings:
308:, which is used as D', G', B, D, g, b, d' for the (7-string)
47:. A repetitive tuning begins with a list of notes that is
155:
repeats the same note every string. It is also called a
776:. Translated by Katarina Backman. Mel Bay. p. 30.
78:
tuning, which is not repetitive on six strings). Among
28:
Chords are inverted by shifting notes by three strings
342:
repeat its four notes after four strings (twice on an
116:
Repetitive tunings are listed after their number of
354:, every interval between successive strings is a
825:Tuning guitars and reading music in major thirds
583:"Instrumental tunings: Cittern tuning two, p. 42
358:. It repeats its open-notes after four strings.
463:
461:
883:
795:
793:
640:"The major third tuning", pp. 56–57
443:, alternative tunings of stringed instruments
370:In the minor-thirds tuning beginning with C,
8:
505:
503:
1605:
1539:
1454:
1358:
971:
966:
944:
906:
890:
876:
868:
730:
594:
578:
211:There are other tunings for the cittern.
799:
635:
562:
521:
509:
485:
481:
395:the open strings contain the notes (c, d
467:
457:
854:2010 PDF version by Bill Sethares
472:"Fretmaps, major chords: Major Triads"
415:interval between consecutive strings.
326:(duplicated strings), C E GG cc ee gg.
90:, which have been associated with the
774:Handbook of Guitar and Lute Composers
7:
567:"The augmented fourth tuning", p. 60
686:Smith, Gerald Stanton (1984).
145:augmented-fourths (tritone) tunings
82:, there are repetitive versions of
147:repeats its two notes three times.
14:
607:(2001i). "Instrumental tunings".
101:Repetition eases the learning of
1615:
1614:
1604:
534:(2001). "Regular tunings".
447:Stringed instrument tunings
425:
51:, either at unison or at higher
804:"The minor third tuning", p. 54
743:(2001o). "Open tunings".
235:repeats its three notes twice.
207:tuning, such as C-G-c-g-c'-g'.
1:
735:The open C tuning, p. 18
476:Kirkeby, Ole (1 March 2012).
190:, for example, B-F-b-f-b'-f'.
1657:
1502:
478:"Major thirds tuning"
301:interval between strings.
1641:Repetitive guitar-tunings
1600:
1549:
1538:
1524:
1474:
1453:
1375:
1357:
969:
965:
943:
916:
905:
480:. m3guitar.com. cited by
1492:
1482:
850:"Alternate tuning guide"
188:Augmented-fourths tuning
72:augmented-fourths tuning
714:Timofeyev, Oleg V.
32:in major-thirds tuning.
746:Alternate tuning guide
669:Ophee, Matanya (ed.).
652:Ophee, Matanya (ed.).
610:Alternate tuning guide
537:Alternate tuning guide
347:
244:
236:
148:
33:
21:
365:William Sethares
338:
242:
230:
142:
27:
19:
990:(often most popular)
846:Sethares, William A.
340:Minor-thirds tunings
199:(augmented fourth).
352:minor-thirds tuning
344:eight-string guitar
252:Major-thirds tuning
233:major-thirds tuning
127:(C,C), (E,E), (G,G)
68:major-thirds tuning
64:minor-thirds tuning
41:alternative tunings
840:on 8 November 2012
822:(1 January 2010),
348:
245:
237:
149:
37:Repetitive tunings
34:
22:
1628:
1627:
1596:
1595:
1578:Other instruments
1534:
1533:
1489:Augmented fourths
1449:
1448:
1420:Augmented fourths
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1343:
939:
938:
820:Griewank, Andreas
783:978-0-7866-5844-2
699:978-0-253-35391-7
409:diminished C
1648:
1618:
1617:
1608:
1607:
1588:William Sethares
1540:
1455:
1359:
1317:
1316:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1275:
1234:
1233:
1222:
1221:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1190:
1179:
1178:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1122:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1067:
972:
967:
958:slack-key guitar
945:
907:
892:
885:
878:
869:
864:
862:
860:
841:
836:, archived from
807:
797:
788:
787:
769:
763:
761:
759:
757:
751:
728:
722:
721:
710:
704:
703:
683:
677:
676:
666:
660:
659:
649:
643:
633:
627:
625:
623:
621:
615:
592:
586:
576:
570:
560:
554:
552:
550:
548:
542:
519:
513:
507:
498:
497:
495:
493:
465:
435:
430:
429:
428:
406:
405:
400:
399:
391:
390:
385:
384:
379:
378:
288:
287:
282:
281:
276:
275:
265:
264:
259:
258:
98:, respectively.
30:on the same fret
1656:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1592:
1545:
1530:
1470:
1445:
1371:
1345:
1340:
1314:
1313:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1272:
1252:
1231:
1230:
1219:
1218:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1176:
1175:
1165:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1137:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1082:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1054:
989:
961:
935:
912:
901:
896:
858:
856:
844:
830:Postscript file
818:
815:
810:
798:
791:
784:
771:
770:
766:
755:
753:
749:
739:
731:Sethares (2001o
729:
725:
712:
711:
707:
700:
685:
684:
680:
668:
667:
663:
651:
650:
646:
634:
630:
619:
617:
613:
603:
595:Sethares (2001i
593:
589:
579:Sethares (2001i
577:
573:
561:
557:
546:
544:
540:
530:
520:
516:
508:
501:
491:
489:
482:Sethares (2011)
475:
466:
459:
455:
431:
426:
424:
421:
403:
402:
397:
396:
388:
387:
382:
381:
376:
375:
333:
294:Chord inversion
285:
284:
279:
278:
273:
272:
262:
261:
256:
255:
225:
181:
137:
130:
126:
96:Russian guitars
60:regular tunings
12:
11:
5:
1654:
1652:
1644:
1643:
1633:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1622:
1612:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1585:
1583:Musical tuning
1580:
1575:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1518:
1515:Russian open-G
1512:
1509:English open-C
1506:
1496:
1486:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1458:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1433:
1427:
1417:
1407:
1397:
1387:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1362:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1306:
1298:
1290:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1242:
1236:
1224:
1212:
1204:
1181:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1155:
1149:
1131:
1113:
1105:
1076:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1044:
1036:
1028:
1020:
1012:
1004:
995:
992:
991:
986:
981:
976:
970:
963:
962:
948:
941:
940:
937:
936:
934:
933:
928:
923:
917:
914:
913:
910:
903:
902:
899:Guitar tunings
897:
895:
894:
887:
880:
872:
866:
865:
842:
814:
811:
809:
808:
800:Sethares (2001
789:
782:
764:
741:Sethares, Bill
723:
705:
698:
678:
661:
644:
636:Sethares (2001
628:
605:Sethares, Bill
587:
571:
563:Sethares (2001
555:
532:Sethares, Bill
522:Sethares (2001
514:
510:Griewank (2010
499:
486:Griewank (2010
456:
454:
451:
450:
449:
444:
437:
436:
420:
417:
393:
392:
332:
329:
328:
327:
320:English guitar
313:
310:Russian guitar
291:
290:
268:
267:
224:
221:
217:
216:
209:
208:
192:
191:
180:
177:
176:
175:
174:C-C-c-c-c'-c'.
168:
167:
160:regular tuning
153:trivial tuning
136:
133:
128:
124:
39:are a type of
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1653:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1621:
1613:
1611:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1544:Miscellaneous
1541:
1537:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1452:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1356:
1337:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1321:
1319:
1311:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1270:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1228:
1225:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1185:
1182:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1135:
1132:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1080:
1077:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1003:
1002:
997:
996:
994:
993:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
974:
973:
968:
964:
959:
955:
951:
946:
942:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
918:
915:
908:
904:
900:
893:
888:
886:
881:
879:
874:
873:
870:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
826:
821:
817:
816:
812:
805:
801:
796:
794:
790:
785:
779:
775:
768:
765:
762:
748:
747:
742:
736:
732:
727:
724:
719:
715:
709:
706:
701:
695:
691:
690:
682:
679:
674:
673:
665:
662:
657:
656:
648:
645:
641:
637:
632:
629:
626:
612:
611:
606:
600:
596:
591:
588:
584:
580:
575:
572:
568:
564:
559:
556:
553:
539:
538:
533:
527:
523:
518:
515:
512:, p. 10)
511:
506:
504:
500:
487:
483:
479:
473:
469:
468:Kirkeby (2012
464:
462:
458:
452:
448:
445:
442:
439:
438:
434:
423:
418:
416:
414:
410:
373:
372:
371:
368:
366:
361:
357:
353:
345:
341:
337:
330:
325:
321:
317:
316:Open C tuning
314:
311:
307:
306:Open G tuning
304:
303:
302:
300:
295:
270:
269:
254:, such as E-G
253:
250:
249:
248:
241:
234:
229:
222:
220:
214:
213:
212:
206:
202:
201:
200:
198:
189:
186:
185:
184:
178:
173:
172:
171:
165:
164:
163:
161:
158:
154:
146:
141:
134:
132:
122:
119:
114:
112:
111:improvisation
108:
104:
99:
97:
93:
89:
88:open G tuning
85:
84:open C tuning
81:
77:
76:major seconds
73:
69:
65:
61:
56:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
31:
26:
18:
1564:Steel guitar
1521:Minor thirds
1499:Major thirds
1459:
1430:New standard
1400:Major thirds
1390:Minor thirds
1333:
1324:
1309:
1301:
1293:
1268:
1260:
1245:
1238:
1226:
1214:
1207:
1183:
1171:
1158:
1151:
1133:
1115:
1108:
1078:
1060:
1048:
1040:
1032:
1024:
1016:
1008:
1000:
978:
857:. Retrieved
838:the original
824:
773:
767:
754:. Retrieved
745:
738:
726:
717:
708:
688:
681:
671:
664:
654:
647:
631:
620:12 September
618:. Retrieved
609:
602:
599:34 and 41–42
590:
574:
558:
545:. Retrieved
536:
529:
517:
490:. Retrieved
488:, p. 1)
433:Music portal
394:
369:
349:
292:
246:
218:
210:
193:
182:
169:
166:C-C-C-C-C-C.
150:
115:
100:
80:open tunings
57:
36:
35:
29:
1559:Bass guitar
1410:All fourths
1304:-A-D-F♯-A-D
756:9 September
597:, pp.
547:9 September
413:minor third
356:minor third
318:. For the
299:major third
1460:Repetitive
1436:All fifths
1296:-G-C-G-C-E
1248:-G-D-G-B-D
1241:-F-C-F-A-C
1210:-C-G-C-E-G
1161:-B-D-G-B-D
1154:-A-C-F-A-C
1111:-E-G-C-E-G
979:Repetitive
813:References
441:Scordatura
109:and eases
49:duplicated
1368:semitones
1263:-C♯-E-A-E
984:Overtones
931:Nashville
407:) of the
103:fretboard
74:(but not
1635:Category
1620:Category
1336:-D-G-B-D
1327:-C-F-A-F
1315:♯
1286:♯
1280:♯
1274:♯
1232:♯
1229:-E-B-E-G
1220:♯
1217:-D-A-D-F
1201:♯
1195:♯
1189:♯
1177:♯
1174:-A-E-A-C
1145:♯
1139:♯
1127:♯
1121:♯
1102:♯
1096:♯
1090:♯
1084:♯
1072:♯
1066:♯
921:Standard
848:(2011).
834:Pdf file
716:(1999).
419:See also
404:♯
398:♯
389:♯
383:♯
377:♯
350:In each
286:♯
280:♯
274:♯
263:♯
257:♯
43:for the
1479:Trivial
1467:pitches
1364:Regular
911:General
492:10 June
360:Doubled
324:courses
266:-c' and
205:cittern
197:tritone
121:pitches
92:English
53:octaves
1432:(7, 3)
1380:Unison
1312:-B-E-G
1142:-B-E-G
1124:-A-D-F
1069:-E-A-C
975:Tuning
926:DADGAD
859:19 May
780:
696:
386:-a-c-d
283:-G-B-D
277:-G-B-D
260:-c-e-g
231:Every
157:unison
143:Every
107:chords
70:, and
58:Among
45:guitar
1047:Open
1039:Open
1031:Open
1023:Open
1015:Open
1007:Open
999:Open
988:Other
954:Slide
750:(PDF)
614:(PDF)
541:(PDF)
453:Notes
223:Three
1610:List
1554:Terz
1464:open
1318:-B-E
1283:-B-D
1277:-B-F
1192:-B-D
1186:-B-F
1093:-B-D
956:and
950:Open
861:2012
832:and
778:ISBN
758:2012
694:ISBN
622:2012
549:2012
494:2012
484:and
331:Four
151:The
118:open
105:and
94:and
86:and
1517:(3)
1511:(3)
474:):
401:, f
374:C-D
179:Two
135:One
1637::
1572:E9
1570:,
1568:C6
1332:D-
1323:C-
1271:-F
1259:E-
1235:-B
1223:-A
1198:-F
1180:-E
1148:-B
1136:-G
1130:-A
1118:-F
1099:-F
1087:-F
1081:-D
1075:-E
1063:-C
802:,
792:^
737:):
733:,
638:,
581:,
565:,
528:):
524:,
502:^
470:,
460:^
380:-F
367:.
346:).
203:A
162:.
131:.
66:,
55:.
1574:)
1566:(
1527:)
1525:4
1523:(
1505:)
1503:3
1501:(
1495:)
1493:2
1491:(
1485:)
1483:1
1481:(
1469:)
1462:(
1442:)
1440:7
1438:(
1426:)
1424:6
1422:(
1416:)
1414:5
1412:(
1406:)
1404:4
1402:(
1396:)
1394:3
1392:(
1386:)
1384:0
1382:(
1370:)
1366:(
1334:G
1325:F
1310:E
1302:D
1294:C
1269:B
1261:A
1246:G
1239:F
1227:E
1215:D
1208:C
1184:B
1172:A
1159:G
1152:F
1134:E
1116:D
1109:C
1079:B
1061:A
1049:G
1041:F
1033:E
1025:D
1017:C
1009:B
1001:A
960:)
952:(
891:e
884:t
877:v
863:.
806:)
786:.
760:.
702:.
642:)
624:.
601:)
585:)
569:)
551:.
496:.
312:.
289:,
271:D
129:}
125:{
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
