1903:
1400:
149:
52:
1410:
1529:
493:
485:
1041:
655:
Commonly, bran is heat-treated with the intention of slowing undesirable rancidification, but a 2003 study of heat-treatment of oat bran found a complex pattern whereby increasingly intense heat treatment reduced the development of hydrolytic rancidity and bitterness with time, but increased
754:
Sun, Guo-Xin; Williams, Paul N.; Carey, Anne-Marie; Zhu, Yong-Guan; Deacon, Claire; Raab, Andrea; Feldmann, Joerg; Islam, Rafiqul M.; Meharg, Andrew A. (2008). "Inorganic
Arsenic in Rice Bran and Its Products Are an Order of Magnitude Higher than in Bulk Grain".
501:
203:. Bran is highly nutritious, but is difficult to digest due to its high fiber content; its high fat content also reduces its shelf life as the oils/fats are prone to becoming rancid. As such, it is typically removed from whole grain during the
656:
oxidative rancidity. The authors recommended that heat treatment should be sufficient to achieve selective lipase inactivation, but not so much as to render the polar lipids oxidizable upon prolonged storage.
590:
Rice bran is stuck to the surface of commercial ice blocks to prevent them from melting. Bran oil may be also extracted for use by itself for industrial purposes (such as in the paint industry), or as a
456:; all these constituents may contribute to the lowering of the plasma levels of the various parameters of the lipid profile. Rice bran also contains a high level of dietary fiber (
927:
880:
289:, one of the reasons that it is often separated from the grain before storage or further processing. Bran is often heat-treated to increase its shelf life.
1608:
1120:
737:
242:, which is a coarser, scaly material surrounding the grain, but does not form part of the grain itself, and which is indigestible by humans.
941:
Lehtinen, Pekka; Kiiliäinen, Katja; Lehtomäki, Ilkka; Laakso, Simo (2003). "Effect of Heat
Treatment on Lipid Stability in Processed Oats".
1593:
815:
135:
995:
1446:
73:
614:, as part of a balanced ration with other inputs. Wheatings, a milling byproduct comprising mostly bran with some pieces of
1817:
1327:
1598:
1300:
476:
is present at some level in rice bran. One study found the levels to be 20% higher than in contaminated drinking water.
896:"The Effects of Increasing Intake of Intact Wheat Fibre or Wheat Bran on Gut Microbiota Diversity: A Systematic Review"
1231:
647:
consumption, bran is under preliminary research for the potential to improve nutrition and affect chronic diseases.
116:
62:
1930:
88:
1880:
1827:
1807:
1337:
1317:
1087:
95:
1548:
1012:
1618:
1125:
921:
874:
255:
69:
31:
102:
1940:
1583:
1110:
1025:
988:
764:
1786:
1439:
623:
576:
1413:
1283:
1207:
862:
719:
681:
84:
1261:
1463:
958:
854:
811:
807:
800:
780:
733:
1925:
1885:
1677:
1178:
1135:
950:
907:
844:
772:
725:
665:
517:
207:- e.g. in processing wheat grain into white flour, or refining brown rice into white rice.
1812:
1720:
1705:
1613:
1403:
1322:
1271:
1187:
981:
453:
286:
271:
196:
768:
1906:
1860:
1855:
1781:
1761:
1543:
1513:
1486:
1481:
1432:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1196:
1069:
449:
437:
204:
200:
1935:
1919:
1822:
1710:
1588:
1503:
1476:
1342:
1332:
1288:
1266:
1202:
1115:
1020:
635:. Wheat bran has also been used for tanning leather since at least the 16th century.
596:
521:
251:
172:
866:
148:
1555:
1491:
1471:
1251:
1241:
1236:
1064:
572:
568:
465:
325:
279:
109:
729:
1875:
1865:
1802:
1715:
1696:
1654:
1578:
1570:
1560:
1498:
1385:
1380:
1148:
1097:
686:
675:
670:
644:
603:
592:
457:
441:
433:
275:
188:
184:
51:
500:
152:
Wheat bran structure (E: outer layer; I: intermediate layer; A: aleurone layer)
1890:
1870:
1776:
1730:
1634:
1603:
1277:
1246:
1223:
1212:
912:
895:
849:
832:
621:
Bran was found to be the most successful slug deterrent by BBC's TV programme
469:
429:
425:
962:
833:"Whole grain, bran and cereal fibre consumption and CVD: a systematic review"
627:. It is a common substrate and food source used for feeder insects, such as
1850:
1766:
1665:
1360:
1105:
1030:
628:
615:
611:
536:
445:
421:
192:
176:
954:
858:
784:
544:. Rice bran in particular finds many uses in Japan, where it is known as
520:, especially for the benefit of those wishing to increase their intake of
1756:
1725:
1079:
632:
584:
530:
525:
168:
17:
1528:
1293:
1057:
607:
565:
473:
370:
267:
263:
776:
492:
484:
1832:
1735:
1700:
1670:
1163:
1004:
806:. Massachusetts: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology. pp.
513:
461:
348:
318:
259:
235:
227:
164:
1771:
1751:
1659:
1639:
1518:
1508:
1455:
1192:
1168:
1040:
561:
541:
509:
499:
491:
483:
298:
239:
219:
215:
180:
38:
1644:
1256:
1158:
1153:
560:). Besides using it for pickling, Japanese people add it to the
313:
211:
1428:
977:
392:
308:
303:
231:
223:
45:
468:, which is also a component of the structure of nonlignified
436:. A major rice bran fraction contains 12%–13% oil and highly
973:
183:
bran also includes the pedicel (tip cap). Along with the
1424:
1843:
1795:
1744:
1686:
1627:
1569:
1536:
1462:
1353:
1310:
1221:
1177:
1134:
1096:
1078:
1048:
1011:
76:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
831:Barrett EM, Batterham MJ, Ray S, Beck EJ. (2019).
799:
472:walls. Some research suggests, though, inorganic
285:The high oil content of bran makes it subject to
618:also left over, are included in this category.
555:
549:
1440:
989:
167:consisting of the hard layers - the combined
8:
926:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
879:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
210:Bran is present in cereal grain, including
1447:
1433:
1425:
996:
982:
974:
894:Jefferson, A., & Adolphus, K. (2020).
744:"chaff, which is indigestible for humans"
440:components (4.3%). This fraction contains
911:
848:
258:, and contains significant quantities of
136:Learn how and when to remove this message
291:
147:
698:
919:
872:
757:Environmental Science & Technology
7:
1409:
900:Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
74:adding citations to reliable sources
724:. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
583:and used for stewing fish, such as
282:that prevents nutrient absorption.
25:
27:Hard outer layers of cereal grain
1902:
1901:
1527:
1408:
1399:
1398:
1039:
420:Rice bran is a byproduct of the
50:
798:Rossetti, Gioanventura (1969).
61:needs additional citations for
708:Watson and Ramstad 1987 p. 69
1:
1818:non-celiac gluten sensitivity
1328:Non-celiac gluten sensitivity
706:Corn Chemistry and Technology
508:Bran is often used to enrich
464:, and gum). It also contains
250:Bran is particularly rich in
191:, and is often produced as a
1301:Category:Barley-based drinks
837:British Journal of Nutrition
730:10.1007/978-94-009-0445-3_15
524:. Bran may also be used for
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
364:
361:
358:
355:
352:
342:
339:
336:
333:
330:
294:
187:, it is an integral part of
1599:International Wheat Council
1232:List of barley-based drinks
718:Catsberg, C. M. E. (1990).
432:), and it contains various
424:process (the conversion of
1957:
1628:Plant parts and their uses
967:See figure 1 in particular
643:As with cereal fibers and
238:. Bran is not the same as
36:
29:
1899:
1796:Associated human diseases
1525:
1394:
1311:Associated human diseases
1037:
943:Journal of Cereal Science
913:10.1017/S0029665120004802
850:10.1017/S000711451900031X
556:
550:
274:. It is also a source of
1828:dermatitis herpetiformis
1808:Gluten-related disorders
1338:Dermatitis herpetiformis
1318:Gluten-related disorders
602:Wheat bran is useful as
163:, is the component of a
37:Not to be confused with
1106:Australian Barley Board
1579:Australian Wheat Board
955:10.1006/jcrs.2002.0496
505:
497:
489:
153:
1619:Wheat pools in Canada
1609:Production statistics
1126:Wheat pools in Canada
1121:Production by country
503:
495:
487:
256:essential fatty acids
199:in the production of
151:
32:Bran (disambiguation)
1584:Canadian Wheat Board
1111:Canadian Wheat Board
1026:Neolithic Revolution
70:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
769:2008EnST...42.7542S
579:City, it is called
328:(excluding starch)
1179:Basic preparations
1136:Parts of the plant
682:Rice bran solubles
506:
498:
490:
175:- surrounding the
154:
1913:
1912:
1687:Basic preparation
1422:
1421:
777:10.1021/es801238p
763:(19): 7542–7546.
739:978-94-009-0445-3
571:, and use it for
518:breakfast cereals
413:
412:
146:
145:
138:
120:
16:(Redirected from
1948:
1931:Food ingredients
1905:
1904:
1886:Tell Abu Hureyra
1844:Related concepts
1745:As an ingredient
1531:
1449:
1442:
1435:
1426:
1412:
1411:
1402:
1401:
1354:Related concepts
1043:
998:
991:
984:
975:
968:
966:
938:
932:
931:
925:
917:
915:
891:
885:
884:
878:
870:
852:
828:
822:
821:
805:
795:
789:
788:
751:
745:
743:
715:
709:
703:
666:Alkylresorcinols
624:Gardeners' World
559:
558:
553:
552:
292:
272:dietary minerals
205:refining process
159:, also known as
141:
134:
130:
127:
121:
119:
78:
54:
46:
21:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1895:
1839:
1813:coeliac disease
1791:
1740:
1682:
1623:
1614:Protein premium
1565:
1532:
1523:
1458:
1453:
1423:
1418:
1390:
1349:
1323:Coeliac disease
1306:
1272:Japanese whisky
1217:
1173:
1130:
1092:
1088:Barley diseases
1074:
1049:Types of barley
1044:
1035:
1007:
1002:
972:
971:
940:
939:
935:
918:
893:
892:
888:
871:
830:
829:
825:
818:
797:
796:
792:
753:
752:
748:
740:
717:
716:
712:
704:
700:
695:
662:
653:
641:
482:
454:beta-sitosterol
418:
287:rancidification
248:
142:
131:
125:
122:
79:
77:
67:
55:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1954:
1952:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1918:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1861:Refined grains
1858:
1856:Plant breeding
1853:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1782:Wheat germ oil
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1694:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1663:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1575:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1544:Wheat diseases
1540:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1468:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1444:
1437:
1429:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1406:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1376:Refined grains
1373:
1371:Plant breeding
1368:
1366:Cattle feeding
1363:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1228:
1226:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1183:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1140:
1138:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1102:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1070:Golden Promise
1067:
1061:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1017:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1003:
1001:
1000:
993:
986:
978:
970:
969:
949:(2): 215–221.
933:
906:(OCE2): E531.
886:
843:(8): 914–937.
823:
817:978-0262180306
816:
790:
746:
738:
710:
697:
696:
694:
691:
690:
689:
684:
679:
673:
668:
661:
658:
652:
649:
640:
637:
481:
478:
450:gamma-oryzanol
438:unsaponifiable
417:
414:
411:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
395:
389:
388:
385:
382:
379:
376:
373:
367:
366:
363:
360:
357:
354:
351:
345:
344:
341:
338:
335:
332:
329:
322:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
295:Nutrients (%)
247:
244:
201:refined grains
144:
143:
58:
56:
49:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1953:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1908:
1898:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1823:wheat allergy
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1589:Corn exchange
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1445:
1443:
1438:
1436:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1415:
1407:
1405:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1344:
1343:Gluten ataxia
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1333:Wheat allergy
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1289:Scotch whisky
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1267:Irish whiskey
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1116:Corn exchange
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1021:Domestication
1019:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
999:
994:
992:
987:
985:
980:
979:
976:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
937:
934:
929:
923:
914:
909:
905:
901:
897:
890:
887:
882:
876:
868:
864:
860:
856:
851:
846:
842:
838:
834:
827:
824:
819:
813:
809:
804:
803:
794:
791:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
750:
747:
741:
735:
731:
727:
723:
722:
721:Food Handbook
714:
711:
707:
702:
699:
692:
688:
685:
683:
680:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
663:
659:
657:
650:
648:
646:
638:
636:
634:
630:
626:
625:
619:
617:
613:
609:
605:
600:
598:
597:rice bran oil
594:
588:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
569:bamboo shoots
567:
563:
547:
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87: –
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59:This article
57:
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19:
1787:Wheat gluten
1649:
1556:Wheat mildew
1492:Winter wheat
1299:
1276:
1262:Caffè d'orzo
1252:Barley water
1242:Barley honey
1237:Barley bread
1186:
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1056:
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922:cite journal
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875:cite journal
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573:dish washing
545:
535:
534:) as in the
529:
507:
466:ferulic acid
442:tocotrienols
434:antioxidants
422:rice-milling
419:
284:
280:antinutrient
249:
216:corn (maize)
209:
189:whole grains
181:Corn (maize)
165:cereal grain
160:
156:
155:
132:
123:
113:
106:
99:
92:
80:
68:Please help
63:verification
60:
43:
1941:By-products
1876:Whole grain
1866:Staple food
1803:Anaphylaxis
1561:Hessian fly
1386:Whole grain
1381:Staple food
1063:Cultivars:
802:the plictho
687:Raisin bran
676:Phytic acid
671:Cereal germ
645:whole grain
593:cooking oil
512:s (notably
458:beta-glucan
444:(a form of
276:phytic acid
246:Composition
126:August 2018
1920:Categories
1891:Tell Aswad
1881:Shattering
1871:Wheatpaste
1851:Bread riot
1777:Wheat beer
1731:Parboiling
1604:Peak wheat
1361:Bread riot
1298:see also:
1247:Barley tea
1224:ingredient
1213:Parboiling
693:References
610:and other
595:, such as
577:Kitakyushu
496:Wheat bran
430:white rice
426:brown rice
96:newspapers
1767:Flatbread
1721:Middlings
1666:Endosperm
1208:Middlings
1031:Triticeae
963:0733-5210
651:Stability
629:mealworms
616:endosperm
612:livestock
537:tsukemono
488:Rice bran
446:vitamin E
416:Rice bran
193:byproduct
177:endosperm
18:Rice bran
1907:Category
1757:Couscous
1726:Semolina
1537:Agronomy
1514:Khorasan
1487:Red Fife
1482:Norin 10
1404:Category
1080:Agronomy
867:73449809
859:30761962
785:18939599
660:See also
639:Research
633:waxworms
585:sardines
531:nukazuke
526:pickling
504:Oat bran
371:Proteins
268:vitamins
173:pericarp
169:aleurone
1926:Cereals
1762:Cracker
1706:Milling
1697:Berries
1678:Sprouts
1594:Exports
1504:Einkorn
1477:Marquis
1414:Commons
1294:Talbina
1278:Máchica
1188:Milling
1058:Hordeum
1055:Genus:
1013:History
808:159–160
765:Bibcode
608:poultry
566:boiling
514:muffins
474:arsenic
264:protein
197:milling
110:scholar
1833:ataxia
1736:Bulgur
1711:Farina
1701:groats
1671:Gluten
1662:(husk)
1472:Common
1222:As an
1203:Groats
1164:Gluten
1159:Kernel
1005:Barley
961:
865:
857:
814:
783:
736:
516:) and
462:pectin
452:, and
406:18–23
387:11–15
384:15–18
381:13–20
375:15–18
362:18–30
359:18–45
356:12–15
353:13–18
349:Starch
343:70–80
340:18–23
337:16–34
334:50–70
331:45–50
319:Barley
270:, and
260:starch
236:millet
234:, and
228:barley
112:
105:
98:
91:
85:"Bran"
83:
1772:Pasta
1752:Bread
1716:Flour
1660:Chaff
1640:Straw
1635:Stalk
1571:Trade
1519:Spelt
1509:Emmer
1499:Durum
1464:Types
1456:Wheat
1284:Malta
1197:types
1193:Flour
1169:Straw
1098:Trade
863:S2CID
678:(IP6)
581:jinda
575:. In
564:when
562:water
542:Japan
510:bread
403:6–11
365:8–11
299:Wheat
278:, an
240:chaff
220:wheat
117:JSTOR
103:books
39:Chaff
1936:Oats
1693:None
1655:Germ
1650:Bran
1645:Seed
1549:list
1257:Beer
1154:Husk
1149:Germ
1144:Bran
1065:Bere
959:ISSN
928:link
881:link
855:PMID
812:ISBN
781:PMID
734:ISBN
631:and
606:for
604:feed
546:nuka
480:Uses
470:cell
409:1–2
400:4–5
397:4–5
393:Fats
378:8–9
314:Rice
254:and
224:oats
212:rice
185:germ
171:and
157:Bran
89:news
1699:or
951:doi
908:doi
845:doi
841:121
773:doi
726:doi
540:of
448:),
428:to
309:Oat
304:Rye
232:rye
195:of
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