2647:
72:
38:
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7710:
2787:). Usually, ribats were inhabited by a shaykh, and his family and visitors were allowed to come and learn from him. Many times, the tomb of the founder was also located in the same building. These centers' institutionalization was made possible partly through donations from wealthy merchants, landowners, and influential leaders. Some of these compounds also received regular stipends to maintain them.
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from the 12th century, which was built in a square shape with a monumental portal, a courtyard, and long vaulted rooms along the walls. Most ribats had a similar architectural appearance which consisted of a surrounding wall with an entrance, living rooms, storehouses for provisions, a watch tower
2810:
These institutions were used as a sort of school house where a shaykh could teach his disciples the ways of a specific ṭarīqa. They were also used as a place of worship where the shaykh could observe the members of the specific Sufi order and help them on their inner path to
2747:. The term transformed over time to refer to a center for Sufi. As they were later no longer needed to house and supply soldiers, ribats became refuges for mystics. The ribat tradition was perhaps one of the early sources of the
4624:
2710:, with the literal meaning of "the land of standing vigilant watch on the frontier", understood in the context of their ideology of global jihad, which is fundamentally opposed to
5557:
155:
2835:
or retreat house for Sufi women. Female shaykhas (شيخة), scholars of law in medieval times, and large numbers of widows or divorcees lived in abstinence and worship in ribats.
6554:
5267:
3254:
Jörg
Feuchter, "The Islamic Ribаt - A Model for the Christian Military Orders? Sacred Violence, Religious Concepts and the Invention of a Cultural Transfer," in
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6438:
6359:
3058:
1958:
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270:
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1933:
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1322:
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1938:
1700:
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1943:
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6836:
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3241:
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1799:
484:
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6050:
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5253:
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6354:
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6329:
6308:
6181:
5569:
5413:
5305:
4282:
3820:
3330:
2539:
2220:
1282:
81:
7088:
7014:
6924:
6424:
5330:
4619:
3700:
2108:
1866:
1861:
1804:
1375:
3222:
5732:
4215:
3076:
1990:
1871:
938:
195:
5325:
5315:
4664:
4289:
1923:
1918:
1385:
1292:
531:
425:
7162:
7100:
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6819:
6807:
6282:
5565:
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2425:
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2711:
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1856:
600:
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5381:
5233:
5049:
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3605:
2893:
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2740:
2038:
1953:
1665:
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1264:
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102:
31:
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2583:, and shortly after they also appeared along the Byzantine frontier, where they attracted converts from
2003:
1928:
1605:
97:
55:
2148:
6970:
3304:(Turkish for caravanserai); with a list of "Great Seljuk era hans and ribats in Central Asia and Iran"
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3490:
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1390:
397:
122:
117:
112:
107:
92:
7157:
6936:
6885:
6831:
6814:
6677:
7774:
7332:
7095:
7071:
7009:
6907:
6774:
6393:
6151:
5993:
5923:
5895:
5834:
5727:
5408:
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5366:
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2138:
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1655:
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127:
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4674:
4524:
4504:
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3729:
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3009:
2707:
2078:
2013:
1998:
1968:
1767:
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1747:
1640:
1635:
1329:
1302:
1297:
489:
459:
3216:
3133:
7181:
6865:
6549:
2807:
used to signal in the case of an invasion, four to eight towers, and a mosque in large ribats.
71:
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7031:
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608:
494:
352:
41:
7368:
6982:
6522:
3229:(The Moroccan Woman and Tasawwuf in the Eleventh Century) by Mustafa 'Abdu's-Salam al-Mahmah)
3034:
7805:
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7420:
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7083:
6987:
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6665:
6591:
6576:
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6247:
6055:
5933:
5777:
5767:
5690:
5497:
5140:
5115:
5044:
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4569:
4564:
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3433:
3258:. Edited by Heike Bock, Jörg Feuchter, and Michi Knecht (Frankfurt/M., Campus Verlag, 2008).
3175:
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Ribat was initially used to describe a frontier post where soldiers would stay during the
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3079:, Middle East Report N°104, 29 March 2011, pp. 6-7 with note 61. Re-accessed 22 Oct 2023.
2230:
2623:, which is why ribats were originally used to house those who fought to defend Islam in
2602:, and as centers for isolated Muslim communities as well as serving as places of piety.
7790:
7536:
7405:
7305:
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4529:
4519:
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3848:
3815:
3779:
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3453:
3417:
3312:: Origin and layout of a ribat and its adaptation as a caravanserai. Accessed May 2021.
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Classically, ribat referred to the guard duty at a frontier outpost in order to defend
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677:
541:
499:
362:
347:
255:
230:
175:
165:
2992:
Long, Mark (Winter 2009). "Ribat, al-Qaeda, and the
Challenge for US Foreign Policy".
7784:
7677:
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7450:
7400:
7234:
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6789:
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4353:
3986:
3981:
3714:
3677:
3662:
3613:
3558:
3537:
3346:
3013:
2572:
2571:; hospice, hostel, base or retreat) is an Arabic term, initially designating a small
2457:
2295:
2240:
2018:
1544:
1526:
1200:
1035:
697:
616:
571:
509:
504:
430:
3166:
Khalilieh, Hassan S. (1999). "The Ribât System and Its Role in
Coastal Navigation".
1539:
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4109:
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3868:
3810:
3749:
3719:
3567:
3223:"The Ribats in Morocco and their influence in the spread of knowledge and tasawwuf"
2791:
2756:
2723:
2599:
2487:
2410:
2300:
2205:
2088:
1881:
1269:
1242:
1160:
1090:
1070:
906:
901:
859:
819:
808:
593:
556:
322:
63:
2852:, Muslim side of the frontier between the Byzantine Empire and Early Islamic realm
2771:: religious teachers, usually Sufis. Such places of spiritual retreat were termed
1410:
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6581:
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4709:
4609:
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4114:
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4010:
3899:
3707:
3516:
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3256:
Religion and Its Other: Secular and Sacral
Concepts and Practices in Interaction
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7672:
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7642:
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4267:
4200:
3841:
3754:
3684:
3642:
3468:
3438:
3399:
3365:
3247:
Hassan S. Khalilieh, "The Ribat System and Its Role in
Coastal Navigation,"
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2722:
In time, some ribats became hostels for voyagers on major trade routes (
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2008:
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145:
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36:
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3309:
3197:. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press. p. 232.
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6759:
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6242:
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1405:
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844:
260:
205:
180:
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5249:
3319:
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2598:
fortifications later served to protect commercial routes, as
6647:
3249:
Journal of the
Economic and Social History of the Orient
3168:
Journal of the
Economic and Social History of the Orient
2954:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2751:, or Sufi mystic brotherhoods, and a type of the later
2933:
Northedge, Alastair. "ʿAbbāsid art and architecture".
2627:. They can also be referred to by other names such as
7698:
2575:
built along a frontier during the first years of the
3217:
Cache of The Ribat by Hajj Ahmad
Thomson, 23 06 2007
7610:
7459:
7361:
7263:
7227:
7052:
6788:
6658:
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6322:
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4552:
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4179:
4172:
3604:
3353:
3236:(Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1955),
2678:Contemporary use of the term ribat is common among
3125:
2960:
2873:, North African (usually Berber) fortified village
2867:, building used specifically by a Sufi brotherhood
2858:, Persian word for caravanserai; Turkish variant:
3132:. New York: Columbia University Press. pp.
3128:Islamic Architecture: Form, Function and Meaning
3587:
2967:. University of North Carolina Press. pp.
2890:, Semitic word for "fortified town" or "suburb"
2619:in its abstract refers to voluntary defense of
4149:
4095:
3913:
3759:
6432:
5261:
4804:
4534:
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8:
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3542:
3574:
3556:
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3406:
3397:
3388:
3379:
3370:
3293:. The evolution of stopping posts from the
3195:Sufism, Mystics, and Saints in Modern Egypt
3103:. Yale University Press. pp. 277–278.
6439:
6425:
6417:
6025:
5451:
5268:
5254:
5246:
4176:
3338:
3324:
3316:
3297:, through the Early Muslim ribats, to the
3101:The Art and Architecture of Islam 650-1250
2783:
2547:
2533:
1959:On the Harmony of Religions and Philosophy
50:
2831:Another use of ribat refers to a sort of
2790:Some important ribats to mention are the
2666:. The one who performs ribat is called a
7705:
2925:
2802:and is still partially intact, and the
62:
3227:al-Imra'a al-Maghribiyya wa't-Tasawwuf
3087:
3085:
3057:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3050:
1934:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
2587:, an area that would become known as
2579:to house military volunteers, called
7:
3282:With a map and list of Seljuk hans.
2688:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
4730:Weapons Storage and Security System
2884:, Central Asian variant for 'rabat'
2820:
2782:
2568:
1939:The Incoherence of the Philosophers
1594:National literatures of Arab States
6304:Influences on Western architecture
2706:"Land of the Ribat" is a name for
1944:The Incoherence of the Incoherence
25:
3234:War And Peace in the Law of Islam
2755:or Sufi lodge, which spread into
2690:. The term has also been used by
7768:
7756:
7744:
7732:
7720:
7708:
6400:
6387:
5475:
5229:
5228:
70:
6273:Aga Khan Award for Architecture
7801:Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
2823:, ultimate truth or reality).
2767:. Here, they are the homes of
2577:Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
1:
4625:British "hedgehog" road block
2896:, Persian variant for 'ribat'
6365:Sudano-Sahelian architecture
3271:"The Seljuk Han of Anatolia"
3124:Hillenbrand, Robert (1994).
2963:Mystical Dimensions of Islam
2959:Schimmel, Annemarie (1975).
2759:, and from there across the
5035:Cities with defensive walls
4620:Defensive fighting position
4535:
4340:
4150:
4096:
3957:
3948:
3914:
3905:
3760:
3286:Introduction and definition
2901:List of Early Muslim ribats
2109:One Thousand and One Nights
7832:
5733:Islamic geometric patterns
3077:International Crisis Group
1872:Arcs of Descent and Ascent
939:Andalusian classical music
865:Arabic musical instruments
196:Islamic geometric patterns
29:
6645:
6378:
6167:Dar al-Shifa (Bimaristan)
5473:
5219:
4665:Hardened aircraft shelter
4640:Entry control point (ECP)
3193:Hoffman, Valerie (1995).
2794:(c.1068–80), which is in
2591:in the ninth century CE.
1919:The Theology of Aristotle
1386:Pre-Islamic Arabic poetry
1283:Love in Arabic literature
532:Arabic geometric patterns
495:Islamic hardstone carving
426:Ancient South Arabian art
6283:Museum with No Frontiers
5162:Continuity of government
3180:10.1163/1568520991446811
2702:. In their terminology,
2639:, most commonly used in
2631:, most commonly used in
1288:Arabic erotic literature
485:Palestinian wood carving
30:For places in Iran, see
6394:Architecture portal
4984:Motte-and-bailey castle
4690:Missile launch facility
4685:Main line of resistance
3380:
3251:, 42,2 (1999), 212–225.
2712:Palestinian nationalism
1795:Islamic Aristotelianism
1790:Early Arabic Philosophy
6652:
6299:Indo-Saracenic Revival
5699:(multicoloured ashlar)
5060:Military installations
4924:
4905:
4896:
4887:
4805:
4476:
4451:
4427:
4417:Scarp and Counterscarp
4388:
4379:
4364:
4331:
4317:
4288:
4259:
4250:
4226:
4187:
3992:
3973:
3891:
3840:
3831:
3787:
3778:
3769:
3706:
3692:
3683:
3629:
3588:
3575:
3566:
3557:
3543:
3503:
3489:
3425:
3416:
3407:
3398:
3389:
3371:
3147:Auer, Blain. "Futuh".
2894:Robat (disambiguation)
2888:Rabat (disambiguation)
2743:and after, such as in
2741:early Muslim conquests
2657:
2432:South Arabian deities
1954:Theologus Autodidactus
835:Rhythm in Arabic music
48:
32:Robat (disambiguation)
7816:Arabic fortifications
6651:
6036:Congregational mosque
5494:(four-arch structure)
4829:Floating water castle
4560:Admiralty scaffolding
3853:Fortified buildings (
3269:Branning, Katharine.
3149:Encyclopedia of Islam
3093:Ettinghausen, Richard
3073:Radical Islam In Gaza
2935:Encyclopedia of Islam
2877:List of caravanserais
2649:
2261:North Arabian deities
2165:Fictional Arab people
2004:Atlantis of the Sands
1929:The Book of the Apple
510:Islamic ivory carving
40:
7811:Islamic architecture
6876:Raising hands in Dua
6360:Ottoman architecture
6350:Moorish architecture
6345:Islamic architecture
6340:Iranian architecture
5763:Sebka (Darj-wa-ktaf)
5617:(or müezzin mahfili)
5277:Islamic architecture
5172:Subterranean warfare
4125:Viking ring fortress
1391:Modern Arabic poetry
1066:Gnawa (North Africa)
907:Classical Arab music
6397: •
6384: •
6370:Yemeni architecture
6355:Mughal architecture
6335:Berber architecture
6330:Arabic architecture
5994:Salsabil (fountain)
5728:Islamic calligraphy
4989:Quadrangular castle
4725:Weapon storage area
4081:Quadrangular castle
2994:Middle East Journal
2064:Iram of the Pillars
1323:Mirrors for princes
870:Great Book of Music
603:(Arabian Peninsula)
191:Islamic calligraphy
27:Small fortification
6653:
6071:Kuttab (or maktab)
4720:Underground hangar
4505:Fire control tower
4302:Gunpowder magazine
3730:Butter-churn tower
3291:Origins of the Han
2658:
2611:Historical meaning
2186:Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad
2014:Beast of the Earth
1969:Sicilian Questions
1800:Islamic Platonism
1753:Arabic mathematics
1303:Arabic short story
1298:Literary_criticism
490:Islamic embroidery
460:Arabic calligraphy
49:
7696:
7695:
7431:Sufis persecution
6473:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
6414:
6413:
6261:
6260:
6017:
6016:
6004:Shading Umbrellas
5788:Stucco decoration
5688:For overview, see
5503:Four-centred arch
5243:
5242:
5167:Military urbanism
5101:Fortified gateway
4974:Concentric castle
4738:
4737:
4655:Fire support base
4495:Coastal artillery
4370:(Spanish America)
3964:
3806:Concentric castle
3295:Ancient Near East
2735:Sufi brotherhoods
2698:operating in the
2557:
2556:
1857:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
1768:Arabic technology
1763:Arabic psychology
1748:Arabic Golden Age
515:Islamic Metalwork
271:Stucco decoration
42:Ribat of Monastir
16:(Redirected from
7823:
7773:
7772:
7761:
7760:
7749:
7748:
7747:
7737:
7736:
7725:
7724:
7723:
7713:
7712:
7704:
7421:Sufi metaphysics
7377:
7319:
7210:
7178:
7166:
7104:
7092:
7080:
7018:
6991:
6979:
6967:
6955:
6928:
6916:
6894:
6852:
6840:
6823:
6811:
6686:
6674:
6630:
6567:Nass al-Houdhour
6558:
6531:
6441:
6434:
6427:
6418:
6407:Islam portal
6405:
6404:
6403:
6392:
6391:
6026:
5691:Islamic ornament
5570:South Asian dome
5498:Discharging arch
5479:
5452:
5296:Anatolian Seljuk
5270:
5263:
5256:
5247:
5232:
5231:
5225:
5116:National redoubt
5045:Fortified estate
4969:Circular rampart
4929:
4910:
4901:
4892:
4810:
4570:Anti-tank trench
4565:Air raid shelter
4540:
4500:Disappearing gun
4481:
4456:
4432:
4393:
4384:
4369:
4345:
4336:
4322:
4293:
4264:
4255:
4231:
4192:
4177:
4155:
4135:Bailey (or ward)
4101:
4006:Motte-and-bailey
3997:
3978:
3962:
3954:
3953:
3919:
3910:
3896:
3845:
3836:
3792:
3783:
3774:
3765:
3711:
3697:
3688:
3634:
3591:
3580:
3571:
3562:
3548:
3508:
3494:
3434:Circular rampart
3430:
3421:
3412:
3403:
3394:
3385:
3376:
3340:
3333:
3326:
3317:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3232:Majid Khadduri,
3209:
3208:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3131:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3089:
3080:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3056:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3039:
3033:. Archived from
3032:
3024:
3018:
3017:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2966:
2956:
2943:
2942:
2930:
2822:
2786:
2785:
2730:As Sufi retreats
2718:As caravanserais
2674:Contemporary use
2585:Greater Khorasan
2570:
2549:
2542:
2535:
2226:Princess Jasmine
2211:Layla and Majnun
2196:Hayy ibn Yaqdhan
2144:She-Camel of God
2139:Shams al-Ma'arif
1949:Hayy ibn Yaqdhan
1815:Sufi metaphysics
1743:Arabic geography
1738:Arabic astronomy
1733:Arabic astrology
1728:Arabic chemistry
1293:Arabic grimoires
1273:
1046:Chaabi (Morocco)
1041:Chaabi (Algeria)
825:Arab tone system
644:
636:
628:
620:
612:
604:
475:Arabic miniature
201:Islamic ornament
74:
51:
21:
7831:
7830:
7826:
7825:
7824:
7822:
7821:
7820:
7781:
7780:
7779:
7767:
7755:
7745:
7743:
7731:
7721:
7719:
7707:
7699:
7697:
7692:
7606:
7455:
7446:Sufi psychology
7436:Sufi philosophy
7416:Sufi literature
7371:
7357:
7313:
7259:
7223:
7204:
7172:
7160:
7098:
7086:
7074:
7048:
7012:
6985:
6973:
6961:
6949:
6922:
6910:
6888:
6846:
6834:
6817:
6805:
6784:
6680:
6668:
6654:
6643:
6624:
6622:The Seven ranks
6552:
6525:
6451:
6445:
6415:
6410:
6401:
6399:
6386:
6374:
6318:
6309:Moorish Revival
6287:
6257:
6223:Albarrana tower
6211:
6140:
6127:in modern Iran)
6041:Dar al-Muwaqqit
6013:
5964:(fountain type)
5949:
5943:
5906:
5900:
5891:Reflecting pool
5886:Persian gardens
5881:Paradise garden
5849:
5826:(entrance hall)
5797:
5753:Nagash painting
5675:
5597:
5591:
5542:
5513:Lambrequin arch
5480:
5471:
5443:
5414:Sudano-Sahelian
5279:
5274:
5244:
5239:
5223:
5215:
5145:
5069:
5013:
4947:
4882:Imperial castle
4855:Coercion castle
4850:Coastal defence
4833:
4795:Promontory fort
4765:Hillside castle
4734:
4650:Fallout shelter
4615:Concertina wire
4595:Border security
4548:
4459:
4168:
3801:Coercion castle
3789:Cheval de frise
3771:Chemin de ronde
3619:Albarrana tower
3600:
3545:Schwedenschanze
3522:Promontory fort
3349:
3344:
3275:
3273:
3268:
3265:
3213:
3212:
3205:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3111:
3091:
3090:
3083:
3070:
3066:
3049:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3030:
3028:"Archived copy"
3026:
3025:
3021:
3006:10.3751/63.1.12
2991:
2990:
2986:
2979:
2958:
2957:
2946:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2922:
2841:
2829:
2804:Ribat of Sharaf
2800:Kyzylkum Desert
2737:
2732:
2720:
2676:
2651:Ribat of Sharaf
2613:
2608:
2606:Islamic meaning
2553:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2426:Isāf and Nā'ila
2257:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2159:Zarqa al Yamama
2024:Book of Wonders
1993:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1914:Liber de Causis
1820:Sufi philosophy
1784:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1758:Arabic medicine
1722:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1271:
1265:Epic literature
1227:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1120:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1056:Fann at-Tanbura
875:Kitab al-Aghani
811:
801:
800:
799:
659:
649:
648:
642:
634:
626:
618:
610:
602:
596:
586:
585:
584:
582:
465:Arabic graffiti
417:
407:
406:
405:
403:
308:Albarrana tower
251:Reflecting pool
241:Nagash painting
133:
84:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7829:
7827:
7819:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7803:
7798:
7793:
7783:
7782:
7778:
7777:
7765:
7753:
7741:
7729:
7717:
7694:
7693:
7691:
7690:
7685:
7680:
7675:
7670:
7665:
7660:
7655:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7614:
7612:
7608:
7607:
7605:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7504:
7499:
7494:
7489:
7484:
7479:
7474:
7469:
7463:
7461:
7457:
7456:
7454:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7411:Sufism history
7408:
7406:Sufi cosmology
7403:
7398:
7393:
7388:
7383:
7378:
7365:
7363:
7359:
7358:
7356:
7355:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7283:
7278:
7273:
7267:
7265:
7261:
7260:
7258:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7231:
7229:
7225:
7224:
7222:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7167:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7093:
7081:
7069:
7064:
7058:
7056:
7050:
7049:
7047:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7035:
7034:
7024:
7019:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6980:
6968:
6956:
6944:
6939:
6937:Sufism pillars
6934:
6929:
6917:
6905:
6900:
6898:Salat al-Fatih
6895:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6841:
6829:
6824:
6812:
6800:
6794:
6792:
6786:
6785:
6783:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6745:Lataif-e-Sitta
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6678:Aayane Thabita
6675:
6662:
6660:
6656:
6655:
6646:
6644:
6642:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6459:
6457:
6453:
6452:
6446:
6444:
6443:
6436:
6429:
6421:
6412:
6411:
6379:
6376:
6375:
6373:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6326:
6324:
6323:Category pages
6320:
6319:
6317:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6295:
6293:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6269:
6267:
6263:
6262:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6219:
6217:
6213:
6212:
6210:
6209:
6204:
6199:
6197:Medina quarter
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6148:
6146:
6142:
6141:
6139:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6032:
6030:
6023:
6019:
6018:
6015:
6014:
6012:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5985:
5983:Riwaq (arcade)
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5959:
5953:
5951:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5910:
5908:
5902:
5901:
5899:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5871:Islamic garden
5868:
5863:
5857:
5855:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5805:
5803:
5799:
5798:
5796:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5694:
5683:
5681:
5677:
5676:
5674:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5612:
5607:
5601:
5599:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5589:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5550:
5548:
5544:
5543:
5541:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5518:Multifoil arch
5515:
5510:
5508:Horseshoe arch
5505:
5500:
5495:
5488:
5486:
5482:
5481:
5474:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5464:
5458:
5456:
5449:
5445:
5444:
5442:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5400:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5350:
5349:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5287:
5285:
5281:
5280:
5275:
5273:
5272:
5265:
5258:
5250:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5237:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5212:
5211:
5201:
5199:Trench warfare
5196:
5194:Tunnel warfare
5191:
5190:
5189:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5153:
5151:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5077:
5075:
5071:
5070:
5068:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5050:Fortifications
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5021:
5019:
5015:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4955:
4953:
4949:
4948:
4946:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4902:
4893:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4867:
4862:
4860:Counter-castle
4857:
4852:
4847:
4845:Border barrier
4841:
4839:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4780:Lowland castle
4777:
4772:
4770:Hilltop castle
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4746:
4744:
4740:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4645:Electric fence
4642:
4637:
4635:Dragon's teeth
4632:
4630:Czech hedgehog
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4556:
4554:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4544:Wire obstacles
4541:
4532:
4530:Polygonal fort
4527:
4522:
4520:Martello tower
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4485:Border outpost
4482:
4473:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4460:
4458:
4457:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4385:
4376:
4371:
4361:
4359:Polygonal fort
4356:
4351:
4346:
4337:
4328:
4323:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4256:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4183:
4181:
4174:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3970:
3965:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3911:
3902:
3897:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3871:
3866:
3851:
3849:Flanking tower
3846:
3837:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3816:Counter-castle
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3784:
3775:
3766:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3703:
3698:
3689:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3610:
3608:
3606:Post-classical
3602:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3596:Vitrified fort
3593:
3581:
3572:
3563:
3554:
3549:
3540:
3535:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3500:
3495:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3454:Defensive wall
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3422:
3413:
3404:
3395:
3386:
3377:
3368:
3363:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3347:Fortifications
3345:
3343:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3288:
3264:
3263:External links
3261:
3260:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3230:
3220:
3211:
3210:
3204:978-1570038495
3203:
3185:
3174:(2): 212–225.
3158:
3139:
3116:
3109:
3081:
3064:
3019:
2984:
2977:
2944:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2913:Minat al-Qal'a
2910:
2903:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2891:
2885:
2879:
2874:
2868:
2862:
2853:
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2716:
2675:
2672:
2612:
2609:
2607:
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2537:
2529:
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2500:
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2249:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2201:Kara Ben Nemsi
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2176:Abdul Alhazred
2173:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1977:
1976:
1974:Fusus al-Hikam
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1847:Al-aql al-faal
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1780:
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1776:
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1628:
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1590:
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1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1534:
1529:
1520:Arabic prosody
1516:
1515:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
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1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1272:(ryhmed prose)
1267:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
994:Qudud Halabiya
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
944:Andalusi nubah
941:
930:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
892:Arabic hip hop
889:
878:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
830:Algerian scale
827:
822:
813:
812:
807:
806:
803:
802:
798:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
775:Robe of honour
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
716:
715:
710:
708:Tarboush (fez)
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
661:
660:
655:
654:
651:
650:
647:
646:
643:(North Africa)
638:
630:
622:
614:
606:
597:
592:
591:
588:
587:
580:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
542:Damascus steel
539:
534:
529:
518:
517:
512:
507:
502:
500:Islamic garden
497:
492:
487:
482:
480:Arabic pottery
477:
472:
467:
462:
451:
450:
449:
448:
443:
433:
428:
419:
418:
413:
412:
409:
408:
401:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
363:Medina quarter
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
299:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
231:Multifoil arch
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
176:Horseshoe arch
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
148:
143:
131:
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
86:
85:
80:
79:
76:
75:
67:
66:
64:Arabic culture
60:
59:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7828:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7804:
7802:
7799:
7797:
7794:
7792:
7789:
7788:
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7764:
7759:
7754:
7752:
7742:
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7716:
7711:
7706:
7702:
7689:
7686:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7676:
7674:
7671:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7615:
7613:
7609:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
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7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
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7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7503:
7502:Jama'at Khana
7500:
7498:
7495:
7493:
7490:
7488:
7485:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7477:Datuk Keramat
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7464:
7462:
7458:
7452:
7451:Sufi whirling
7449:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7432:
7429:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
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7414:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7392:
7389:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7379:
7375:
7370:
7367:
7366:
7364:
7360:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7317:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7268:
7266:
7262:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7235:Antinomianism
7233:
7232:
7230:
7226:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7208:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
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7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7176:
7171:
7168:
7164:
7159:
7156:
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7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7102:
7097:
7094:
7090:
7085:
7082:
7078:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7059:
7057:
7055:
7051:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7037:
7033:
7030:
7029:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7016:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6989:
6984:
6981:
6977:
6972:
6969:
6965:
6960:
6957:
6953:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
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6933:
6930:
6926:
6921:
6918:
6914:
6909:
6906:
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6899:
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6892:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6850:
6845:
6842:
6838:
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6816:
6813:
6809:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6795:
6793:
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6787:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6684:
6679:
6676:
6672:
6667:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6657:
6650:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6628:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6556:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6529:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6468:Ahl al-Khutwa
6466:
6464:
6461:
6460:
6458:
6454:
6449:
6442:
6437:
6435:
6430:
6428:
6423:
6422:
6419:
6409:
6408:
6396:
6395:
6390:
6383:
6377:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6327:
6325:
6321:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6296:
6294:
6290:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6264:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6220:
6218:
6214:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6182:Hasht-Bihisht
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6149:
6147:
6143:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6126:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6056:Jama'at Khana
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6033:
6031:
6027:
6024:
6020:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
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5952:
5946:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5911:
5909:
5903:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5876:Mughal garden
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5852:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5806:
5804:
5800:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5698:
5695:
5692:
5689:
5685:
5684:
5682:
5678:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5594:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5571:
5567:
5563:
5559:
5555:
5552:
5551:
5549:
5545:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5483:
5478:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5453:
5450:
5446:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5374:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5354:
5351:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5328:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5282:
5278:
5271:
5266:
5264:
5259:
5257:
5252:
5251:
5248:
5236:
5235:
5222:
5221:
5218:
5210:
5207:
5206:
5205:
5204:Urban warfare
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5188:
5185:
5184:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5157:Civil defense
5155:
5154:
5152:
5148:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5076:
5072:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5025:Bastion forts
5023:
5022:
5020:
5016:
5010:
5009:Z-plan castle
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4979:L-plan castle
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4964:Bridge castle
4962:
4960:
4957:
4956:
4954:
4950:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4933:Refuge castle
4931:
4928:
4927:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4914:Military base
4912:
4909:
4908:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4877:Hunting lodge
4875:
4873:
4872:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4836:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4790:Moated castle
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4775:Island castle
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4745:
4743:By topography
4741:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4715:Submarine pen
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4670:Hesco bastion
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4585:Blast shelter
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4551:
4545:
4542:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4466:
4462:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4430:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4354:Place-of-arms
4352:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4178:
4175:
4171:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3988:
3987:Machicolation
3985:
3983:
3982:L-plan castle
3980:
3977:
3976:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3961:
3960:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3715:Bridge castle
3713:
3710:
3709:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3681:
3679:
3678:Bent entrance
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3663:Battery tower
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3614:Advanced work
3612:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3597:
3594:
3590:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3539:
3538:Refuge castle
3536:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3341:
3336:
3334:
3329:
3327:
3322:
3321:
3318:
3311:
3308:
3303:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3272:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3257:
3253:
3250:
3246:
3244:. p. 81.
3243:
3242:1-58477-695-1
3239:
3235:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3206:
3200:
3196:
3189:
3186:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3162:
3159:
3154:
3150:
3143:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3129:
3120:
3117:
3112:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3068:
3065:
3060:
3054:
3040:on 2015-05-18
3036:
3029:
3023:
3020:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2988:
2985:
2980:
2974:
2970:
2965:
2964:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2940:
2936:
2929:
2926:
2919:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2826:
2824:
2821:حَـقِـيْـقَـة
2818:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2788:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2734:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2704:ʻArḍ al-Ribat
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2680:jihadi groups
2673:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2610:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2600:caravanserais
2597:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2573:fortification
2566:
2562:
2550:
2545:
2543:
2538:
2536:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2242:
2241:Talia al Ghul
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2019:Book of Idols
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1987:
1986:
1980:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1852:Aql bi-l-fi'l
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1805:Islamic Logic
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1777:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1363:
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658:
653:
652:
645:
641:Arab Maghreb
639:
637:
631:
629:
623:
621:
619:(Mesopotamia)
615:
613:
609:Arab Mashriq
607:
605:
599:
598:
595:
590:
589:
583:
578:
575:
573:
572:Pseudo-Arabic
570:
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505:Islamic glass
503:
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431:Nabataean art
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57:
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52:
47:
43:
39:
33:
19:
7775:Architecture
7576:
7381:Madih nabawi
6398:
6385:
6382:Islamic arts
6252:
6162:Caravanserai
5687:
5641:Loudspeakers
5566:Persian dome
5528:Pointed arch
5326:Indo-Islamic
5316:Great Seljuk
5227:
5182:Siege engine
5150:Other topics
5074:Related word
5040:Defense line
5004:Tower castle
4959:Bastion fort
4943:Urban castle
4871:Ganerbenburg
4869:
4824:Water castle
4800:Ridge castle
4785:Marsh castle
4600:Bomb shelter
4580:Belgian gate
4553:20th century
4464:19th century
4402:Retrenchment
4374:Punji sticks
4283:Entrenchment
4278:Device Forts
4245:Counterguard
4180:Early modern
4110:Tower castle
4060:
4046:Powder tower
4021:Outer bailey
3933:Inner bailey
3907:Gulyay-gorod
3875:Ganerbenburg
3873:
3869:Fujian tulou
3811:Corner tower
3750:Chamber gate
3720:Bridge tower
3568:Trou de loup
3301:
3274:. Retrieved
3255:
3248:
3233:
3226:
3194:
3188:
3171:
3167:
3161:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3127:
3119:
3100:
3097:Grabar, Oleg
3067:
3042:. Retrieved
3035:the original
3022:
3000:(1): 31–47.
2997:
2993:
2987:
2962:
2938:
2934:
2928:
2915:in Palestine
2909:in Palestine
2859:
2830:
2827:Female Sufis
2809:
2792:Rabati Malik
2789:
2772:
2757:North Africa
2738:
2724:caravanserai
2721:
2703:
2677:
2667:
2663:dar al-Islam
2661:
2659:
2636:
2628:
2616:
2614:
2595:
2593:
2580:
2560:
2558:
2488:Dhul Khalasa
2431:
2430:
2260:
2255:Spirituality
2231:Ra's al Ghul
2206:King Marsile
2164:
2163:
2089:Magic carpet
1978:
1907:
1906:
1840:
1839:
1676:Saudi Arabia
1592:
1591:
1518:
1517:
1443:
1442:
1396:
1395:
1367:
1366:
1328:
1327:
1258:
1257:
1230:
1105:
1031:Algerian Raï
1019:
1018:
932:
931:
880:
879:
860:Quarter tone
820:Arabic maqam
814:
718:
717:
662:
581:
557:Hedwig glass
520:
519:
453:
452:
420:
402:
372:
323:Caravanserai
301:
300:
134:
132:
87:
82:Architecture
7497:Jama masjid
7441:Sufi poetry
7372: [
7333:Sufi orders
7314: [
7228:Misconducts
7205: [
7173: [
7161: [
7099: [
7087: [
7075: [
7013: [
6986: [
6974: [
6962: [
6950: [
6923: [
6911: [
6889: [
6847: [
6835: [
6818: [
6806: [
6681: [
6669: [
6625: [
6612:Sufis ranks
6553: [
6526: [
6478:Bash Hezzab
6450:terminology
6009:Windcatcher
5990:(courtyard)
5743:Mosque lamp
5723:Girih tiles
5680:Decorations
5558:Arabic dome
5081:Castle town
4938:Toll castle
4907:Lustschloss
4889:Kaiserpfalz
4819:Spur castle
4814:Rock castle
4755:Hill castle
4750:Cave castle
4710:Spider hole
4610:Bremer wall
4575:Barbed tape
4471:Barbed wire
4145:Witch tower
4115:Tower house
4105:Toll castle
4091:Shield wall
4011:Murder hole
3900:Guard tower
3517:Pincer gate
3464:Faussebraye
2765:West Africa
2191:Battal Gazi
1376:Anthologies
1176:Raqs Sharqi
1131:Belly dance
974:Iraqi maqam
902:Arabic jazz
897:Arabic rock
750:Fouta towel
552:Girih tiles
470:Arab carpet
441:Fatimid art
436:Islamic art
291:Windcatcher
156:Arabic dome
7785:Categories
7751:Psychology
7663:Prayer rug
7426:Sufi music
7286:Hizb Rateb
7264:Ceremonies
7032:Zarruqiyya
6740:Ismul Azam
6292:Influences
6207:Well house
5978:Mashrabiya
5626:Hussainiya
5562:Onion dome
5353:Indonesian
5341:Qutb Shahi
5106:Gatekeeper
4926:Ordensburg
4898:Landesburg
4705:Sentry gun
4660:Flak tower
4590:Blast wall
4510:Gun turret
4407:Sally port
4312:Kotta mara
4252:Couvreface
4216:Breastwork
4211:Blockhouse
4189:Abwurfdach
4140:Watchtower
4130:Wall tower
4086:Shell keep
4036:Portcullis
4031:Peel tower
4016:Neck ditch
3975:Landesburg
3923:Half tower
3881:Gate tower
3826:Drawbridge
3668:Battlement
3584:Wagon fort
3427:Chengqiang
3110:0300053304
3044:2015-06-04
2978:0807812234
2920:References
2845:Almoravids
2796:Uzbekistan
2700:Gaza Strip
2589:al-ʻAwāṣim
2463:Dhat-Badan
2391:Theandrios
2371:Baalshamin
2366:Atarsamain
2221:Palamedes
1964:Muqaddimah
1924:Al-isharat
1830:Avicennism
1782:Philosophy
1651:Mauritania
1460:Muwashshah
1425:Khamriyyah
1225:Literature
1171:Ouled Nail
984:Muwashshah
887:Arabic pop
446:Mamluk art
393:Well house
328:Bimaristan
216:Mashrabiya
7739:Education
7673:Tagelmust
7668:Qashabiya
7643:Jellabiya
7547:Mausoleum
7240:Rahbaniya
7054:Waridates
6871:Muraqabah
6866:Muhasabah
6550:Mutahaqiq
6266:Resources
6029:Religious
5999:Shabestan
5957:Hypostyle
5939:Shadirvan
5708:Arabesque
5631:Imamzadeh
5596:Religious
5576:Semi-dome
5523:Ogee arch
5492:Chahartaq
5455:Materials
5382:Almoravid
5357:Malaysian
5209:Guerrilla
4952:By design
4700:Revetment
4515:Land mine
4446:Star fort
4273:Crownwork
4268:Covertway
4201:Barricade
3842:Embrasure
3755:Chartaque
3685:Bergfried
3643:Arrowslit
3469:Gatehouse
3439:City gate
3400:Castellum
3366:Acropolis
3075:" (PDF),
3014:143772587
2850:Al-Awasim
2769:marabouts
2745:al-Awasim
2708:Palestine
2615:The word
2581:murabitun
2306:Al-Kutbay
2134:Shadhavar
2099:Mount Qaf
2074:Karkadann
1991:Mythology
1877:Asabiyyah
1835:Averroism
1666:Palestine
1588:Mutadārik
1585:Mutaqārib
1576:Mujtathth
1428:Tardiyyah
1248:Classical
1191:Schikhatt
1156:Khaleegy
933:Art music
760:Jellabiya
673:Battoulah
527:Arabesque
521:Features
383:Shadirvan
186:Hypostyle
151:Arabesque
135:Features
103:Nabataean
7715:Religion
7683:Tarboosh
7638:Gandoura
7633:Djellaba
7250:Taqabbur
7000:Tawassul
6995:Tawakkul
6659:Concepts
6577:Qalandar
6540:Muqarrab
6535:Muqaddam
6518:Marabout
6380:Part of
6216:Military
6152:Baradari
6145:Civilian
5968:Jharokha
5929:Mechouar
5866:Charbagh
5809:Andaruni
5783:Socarrat
5748:Muqarnas
5646:Maqsurah
5538:Vaulting
5467:Tadelakt
5448:Elements
5397:Zayyanid
5377:Aghlabid
5234:Category
5224:See also
5111:Loophole
4999:Ringwork
4994:Ringfort
4919:Obstacle
4760:Hillfort
4680:Loophole
4478:Barbette
4453:Tenaille
4436:Sea fort
4366:Presidio
4326:Magazine
4307:Hornwork
4240:Cavalier
4235:Casemate
4228:Caponier
4071:Ringwork
3959:Detinets
3928:Hoarding
3833:Enceinte
3708:Bretèche
3653:Bartizan
3648:Barbican
3624:Alcazaba
3552:Stockade
3532:Ringfort
3512:Palisade
3484:Landwehr
3479:Hillfort
3099:(1994).
3053:cite web
2907:Cafarlet
2839:See also
2798:in the
2684:al-Qaeda
2682:such as
2421:Yarhibol
2401:Malakbel
2271:Al-‘Uzzá
2181:Ali Baba
2154:Zulfiqar
1841:Concepts
1825:Farabism
1616:Djibouti
1573:Muqtaḍab
1567:Munsariħ
1510:Ghinnawa
1485:Riddles
1470:Mathnawi
1232:Language
1186:Shamadan
1151:Hagallah
1004:Tahmilah
785:Takchita
745:Durra'ah
740:Djellaba
719:Clothing
693:Madhalla
683:Keffiyeh
663:Headwear
617:Mashriq
611:(Levant)
567:Muqarnas
286:Voussoir
281:Vaulting
276:Tadelakt
266:Socarrat
236:Muqarnas
56:a series
54:Part of
7806:Maghreb
7701:Portals
7678:Taqiyah
7653:Misbaha
7628:Burnous
7611:Objects
7562:Musalla
7542:Maqbara
7532:Madrasa
7522:Külliye
7517:Khanqah
7512:Khalawi
7492:Gongbei
7396:Qawwali
7386:Nasheed
7369:Ashewiq
7353:Ziyarat
7328:Silsila
7255:Zandaqa
7214:Walayah
7192:Tajalli
7148:Ma'rifa
7133:Karamat
7113:Hidayah
7067:Basirah
7062:Barakah
7005:Tazkiah
6983:Tawajud
6971:Takhlia
6942:Tafakur
6903:Salawat
6710:Ghaflah
6592:Rabbani
6545:Murshid
6523:Mudaqiq
6513:Majzoob
6483:Dervish
6314:Mudéjar
6278:ArchNet
6228:Alcázar
6101:Musalla
6086:Maqbara
6076:Madrasa
6066:Külliye
6061:Khanqah
6051:Gongbei
5950:cooling
5948:Passive
5914:Chhatri
5907:objects
5905:Outdoor
5854:Gardens
5830:Mirador
5768:Shabaka
5758:Qashani
5713:Banna'i
5656:Minaret
5598:objects
5588:(eaves)
5586:Chhajja
5533:Squinch
5434:Umayyad
5429:Timurid
5419:Swahili
5404:Ottoman
5387:Almohad
5372:Moorish
5362:Iranian
5331:Bengali
5311:Fatimid
5306:Chinese
5301:Ayyubid
5291:Abbasid
5141:Vedette
5131:Schloss
5096:Festung
5091:Dungeon
5086:Château
5030:Castles
4838:By role
4695:Pillbox
4525:Outpost
4441:Station
4429:Schanze
4412:Sandbag
4397:Redoubt
4381:Ravelin
4349:Palanka
4333:Orillon
4319:Lunette
4261:Coupure
4206:Bastion
4196:Arsenal
4164:Zwinger
4076:Roundel
4066:Ricetto
4041:Postern
4026:Outwork
3950:Kremlin
3821:Curtain
3796:Citadel
3780:Chemise
3740:Caltrop
3658:Bastion
3631:Alcázar
3527:Rampart
3505:Oppidum
3498:Nuraghe
3444:Crannog
3418:Castros
3354:Ancient
3310:ArchNet
2969:231–232
2865:Khanqah
2833:convent
2779:Persian
2774:khānqāh
2749:ṭarīqas
2696:Jihadis
2686:or the
2668:murabit
2629:khanqah
2569:رِبَـاط
2513:Yaghūth
2483:Basamum
2438:Almaqah
2406:Orotalt
2361:Al-Qaum
2356:Aglibol
2291:Chaabou
2286:Dushara
2236:Sindbad
2216:Othello
2171:Aladdin
2129:Shaddad
2009:Bahamut
1720:Science
1696:Tunisia
1681:Somalia
1656:Morocco
1641:Lebanon
1611:Comoros
1606:Bahrain
1601:Algeria
1579:Muḍāriʿ
1514:Humayni
1438:Hamasah
1330:Islamic
1313:Tezkire
1308:Tabaqat
1201:Tanoura
1141:Deheyeh
1036:Bedouin
989:Qasidah
949:Bashraf
922:Khaliji
917:Al Jeel
770:Macawis
735:Burnous
703:Tantour
698:Taqiyah
635:(Sudan)
633:Mawset
627:(Egypt)
625:Mawset
601:Khalij
594:Cuisine
537:Banna'i
343:Madrasa
313:Alcázar
166:Gardens
161:Banna'i
123:Moorish
118:Fatimid
113:Abbasid
108:Umayyad
93:Islamic
46:Tunisia
7796:Ribats
7688:Turban
7658:Miswak
7648:Khirqa
7623:Balgha
7618:Ammama
7602:Zawiya
7592:Turbah
7557:Mosque
7527:Kuttab
7507:Khalwa
7487:Gonbad
7482:Eidgah
7472:Dargah
7460:Places
7348:Wezeea
7343:Tweeza
7338:Tariqa
7323:Sebiba
7301:Mawsim
7296:Mawlid
7291:Idjaza
7276:Bay'ah
7271:Ashura
7197:Thawab
7187:Secret
7170:Rabita
7143:Khatir
7128:Ishrak
7108:Haqiqa
7084:Djadba
7027:Wazifa
6959:Tahlia
6947:Tahara
6920:Shuhud
6861:Lazimi
6856:Latifa
6844:Ichara
6803:Djamaa
6780:Yaqeen
6666:Aayane
6617:Talibe
6607:Siddiq
6602:Sheikh
6508:Khatib
6498:Hezzab
6448:Sufism
6238:Kasbah
6187:Kasbah
6177:Hammam
6172:Ghorfa
6157:Bazaar
6136:Zawiya
6125:takyeh
6096:Mosque
6046:Dargah
5973:Kucheh
5919:Eidgah
5845:Zenana
5793:Zellij
5778:Sitara
5773:Shamsa
5661:Minbar
5651:Mihrab
5636:Kiswah
5621:Gonbad
5485:Arches
5439:Yemeni
5409:Somali
5392:Hafsid
5367:Mamluk
5346:Mughal
5336:Deccan
5284:Styles
5136:Trench
5126:Picket
4537:Sangar
4490:Bunker
4422:Sconce
4342:Ostrog
4290:Flèche
4173:Modern
4152:Yagura
4120:Turret
4056:Reduit
3994:Merlon
3938:Kasbah
3916:Gusuku
3893:Glacis
3886:Gabion
3855:church
3762:Chashi
3745:Castle
3589:Laager
3577:Vallum
3534:(Rath)
3409:Castra
3391:Burgus
3361:Abatis
3299:Seljuk
3240:
3225:from:
3201:
3107:
3012:
2975:
2817:Arabic
2813:ḥaqīqa
2784:خانقاه
2761:Sahara
2753:zawiya
2692:Salafi
2641:Turkey
2635:, and
2565:Arabic
2493:Haukim
2478:Qaynan
2473:Ta'lab
2468:Haubas
2458:Salman
2453:Athtar
2321:Azizos
2276:Al-Lat
2149:Wāḳwāḳ
2119:Qutrub
2114:Qareen
2104:Nasnas
2084:Luqman
2079:Kujata
2034:Dandan
1999:Ababil
1701:U.A.E.
1636:Kuwait
1631:Jordan
1570:Khafīf
1560:Rajaz
1505:Nabati
1500:Mawwal
1490:Kharja
1480:Nasīb
1475:Ruba'i
1465:Urjūza
1455:Qasida
1450:Diwan
1431:Khawal
1421:Ghazal
1411:Rithā'
1397:Genres
1369:Poetry
1362:Aqidah
1347:Hadith
1342:Tafsir
1278:Maqama
1253:Modern
1206:Yowlah
1196:Tahtib
1166:Mizmar
1146:Guedra
1096:Shaabi
1081:Mezwed
1076:Mawwal
1061:Fijiri
1026:Ataaba
1014:Waslah
1009:Taqsim
999:Sama'i
979:Mawwal
969:Malhun
964:Layali
881:Genres
855:Teslim
840:Taqsim
815:Theory
780:Sirwal
765:Kaftan
713:Turban
688:Litham
577:Zellij
562:Kiswah
547:Damask
421:Styles
398:Zawiya
388:Tekyeh
358:Mosque
338:Kasbah
333:Hammam
318:Bazaar
296:Zellij
226:Mosaic
128:Mamluk
98:Yemeni
88:Styles
7791:Forts
7727:Islam
7597:Türbe
7587:Takya
7582:Surau
7577:Ribat
7572:Rauza
7567:Qubba
7552:Mazar
7537:Maqam
7467:Daara
7391:Naʽat
7376:]
7318:]
7311:Sbooa
7306:Salka
7281:Haḍra
7245:Shath
7219:Warid
7209:]
7182:Ru'ya
7177:]
7165:]
7158:Qabdh
7138:Kashf
7123:Irfan
7118:Ilham
7103:]
7091:]
7079:]
7017:]
6990:]
6978:]
6966:]
6954:]
6932:Shukr
6927:]
6915:]
6893:]
6886:Sahar
6851:]
6839:]
6832:Ibara
6822:]
6815:Djoua
6810:]
6798:Dhikr
6790:Awrad
6750:Maqam
6730:Ihsan
6720:Hijab
6700:Dhawq
6695:Baqaa
6685:]
6673:]
6639:Wasil
6629:]
6597:Salik
6582:Qāriʾ
6562:Murid
6557:]
6530:]
6493:Hafiz
6488:Fakir
6463:Abdal
6456:Sufis
6253:Ribat
6248:Qalat
6233:Amsar
6192:Mahal
6131:Türbe
6121:Takya
6116:Surau
6111:Rauza
6106:Qubba
6091:Mazar
6081:Maqam
6022:Types
5934:Sebil
5824:Liwan
5814:Harem
5802:Rooms
5718:Girih
5703:Alfiz
5697:Ablaq
5671:Zarih
5666:Qibla
5615:Dikka
5610:Bedug
5605:Anaza
5581:Tajug
5547:Roofs
5462:Qadad
5424:Tatar
5321:Hausa
5177:Siege
5121:Palas
5065:Walls
5055:Forts
5018:Lists
4865:Fence
4807:Rocca
4675:Kabal
4390:Redan
4297:Gorge
4221:Canal
4098:Shiro
4061:Ribat
4051:Qalat
3863:Dzong
3859:house
3559:Sudis
3491:Limes
3449:Ditch
3382:Broch
3373:Agger
3276:2 May
3038:(PDF)
3031:(PDF)
3010:S2CID
2882:Rabad
2637:tekke
2625:jihad
2621:Islam
2617:ribat
2596:ribat
2561:ribāṭ
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2508:Ya'uq
2448:Anbay
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2351:Abgal
2341:Manāt
2336:Manāt
2331:Quzah
2326:Bajir
2311:Asira
2296:Manaf
2281:Manāt
2266:Allah
2094:Marid
2059:Ifrit
2054:Houri
2044:Ghoul
2039:Falak
2029:Buraq
1908:Texts
1897:Qadar
1887:Irfan
1867:Peace
1862:Dhati
1810:Kalam
1706:Yemen
1691:Syria
1686:Sudan
1671:Qatar
1646:Libya
1621:Egypt
1582:Sarīʿ
1564:Ramal
1555:Hazaj
1550:Wāfir
1545:Kamil
1540:Basīṭ
1536:Madīd
1532:Ṭawīl
1495:Zajal
1444:Forms
1434:Fakhr
1402:Madih
1381:Poets
1337:Quran
1318:Rihla
1259:Prose
1243:Paleo
1181:Samri
1136:Dabke
1126:Ardah
1118:Dance
1101:Zajal
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959:Dulab
912:Opera
850:Lazma
809:Music
795:Tiraz
790:Thawb
755:Izaar
730:Bisht
725:Abaya
657:Dress
454:Types
378:Sabil
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302:Types
256:Riwaq
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211:Liwan
171:Girih
146:Alfiz
141:Ablaq
18:Ribāṭ
7401:Sama
7362:Arts
7096:Fath
7072:Bast
7044:Zuhd
7039:Wird
7022:Wajd
7010:Uzla
6908:Samt
6881:Sabr
6775:Sadr
6760:Qalb
6755:Nafs
6735:Ishq
6725:Huwa
6705:Fana
6634:Wali
6587:Qutb
6503:Imam
6243:Ksar
6202:Souq
6123:(or
5988:Sahn
5962:Howz
5924:Fina
5896:Riad
5861:Bagh
5840:Qa’a
5835:Hosh
5819:Iwan
5738:Jali
5554:Dome
5187:list
4605:Buoy
4159:Yett
4001:Moat
3968:Ksar
3943:Keep
3735:Caer
3725:Burh
3701:Boom
3694:Berm
3673:Bawn
3638:Amba
3474:Gord
3278:2021
3238:ISBN
3199:ISBN
3105:ISBN
3059:link
2973:ISBN
2871:Ksar
2856:Khan
2655:Iran
2633:Iran
2594:The
2498:Nasr
2416:Sa'd
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2301:Nuha
2124:Roc
2069:Jinn
2049:Hinn
1902:Qalb
1892:Nafs
1661:Oman
1626:Iraq
1527:Bayt
1416:Waṣf
1406:Hija
1357:Fiqh
1352:Sīra
1270:Saj
1238:Old
1161:Liwa
1091:Sawt
1071:Liwa
1020:Folk
954:Dawr
845:Jins
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261:Sahn
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206:Iwan
181:Howz
7763:Art
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7153:Nūr
6827:Dua
6770:Rūḥ
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