17:
217:"Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography endorsed by the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography"
82:(echo) to visualize the heart, strain can appear with the RV being enlarged and more round than typical. When normal, the RV is about half the size of the left ventricle (LV). When strained, it can be as large as or larger than the LV. An important potential finding with echo is
109:
as well as T wave inversions in the anterior leads, which are "thought to be the consequence of an ischemic phenomenon due to low cardiac output in the context of RV dilation and strain." Aside from echo and ECG, RV strain is visible with a
97:
is an insensitive sign of right heart strain. It is non-specific (as it does not indicate a cause) and is present in a minority of PE cases. It can also result from acute changes associated with
215:
Rudski, Lawrence G.; Lai, Wyman W.; Afilalo, Jonathan; Hua, Lanqi; Handschumacher, Mark D.; Chandrasekaran, Krishnaswamy; Solomon, Scott D.; Louie, Eric K.; Schiller, Nelson B. (2010-07-01).
608:
Digby, Geneviève C.; Kukla, Piotr; Zhan, Zhong-Qun; Pastore, Carlos A.; Piotrowicz, Ryszard; Schapachnik, Edgardo; Zareba, Wojciech; Bayés de Luna, Antonio; Pruszczyk, Piotr (2015-05-01).
24:
of approximately 100 beats per minute, large S wave in Lead I, moderate Q wave in Lead III, inverted T wave in Lead III, and inverted T waves in leads V1 and V3.
462:
Walsh, Brooks M.; Moore, Christopher L. (2015-09-01). "McConnell's Sign Is Not
Specific for Pulmonary Embolism: Case Report and Review of the Literature".
524:
Warrell, Emeritus
Professor of Tropical Medicine David; Cox, Timothy; Dwight, Jeremy; Firth, Consultant Physician and Nephrologist John (2016-06-16).
387:
216:
316:"Findings From 12-lead Electrocardiography That Predict Circulatory Shock From Pulmonary Embolism: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"
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Indicative of a prominent S wave in lead I, a Q wave in lead III, and an inverted T wave in lead III, which is also known as the
115:
86:, where only the RV apex wall contracts; it is specific for right heart strain and typically indicates a large PE.
259:"Transthoracic echocardiography in the evaluation of pediatric pulmonary hypertension and ventricular dysfunction"
106:
744:
257:
Koestenberger, Martin; Friedberg, Mark K.; Nestaas, Eirik; Michel-Behnke, Ina; Hansmann, Georg (2016-03-01).
127:
610:"The value of electrocardiographic abnormalities in the prognosis of pulmonary embolism: a consensus paper"
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Shopp, Jacob D.; Stewart, Lauren K.; Emmett, Thomas W.; Kline, Jeffrey A. (2015-10-01).
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The apical-four-chamber (A4C) view is best to visualize right heart strain by echo.
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of the right ventricle (RV) is deformed. Right heart strain can be caused by
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93:(ECG), there are multiple ways RV strain can be demonstrated. A finding of
16:
625:
331:
111:
674:
659:"Multimodality Evaluation of the Right Ventricle: An Updated Review"
192:"Right heart strain | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org"
438:
Vascular
Emergencies: Expert Management for the Emergency Physician
274:
730:
McConnell sign and S1Q3T3 pattern in pulmonary embolism: revisited
411:
Making Sense of the ECG: Cases for Self
Assessment, Second Edition
59:(a heart attack affecting the RV), chronic lung disease (such as
500:
435:
Rogers, Robert L.; Scalea, Thomas; Geduld, Heike (2013-04-04).
20:
Electrocardiogram of a person with pulmonary embolism, showing
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55:(or PE, which itself can cause pulmonary hypertension), RV
503:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 259.
527:
Oxford
Textbook of Medicine: Cardiovascular Disorders
224:
Journal of the
American Society of Echocardiography
379:Emergency Medicine, An Issue of Ultrasound Clinics
584:. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 290.
557:. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 347.
408:Houghton, Andrew R.; Gray, David (2014-06-04).
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578:Garcia, Tomas B.; Holtz, Neil (2011-11-15).
551:Garcia, Tomas B.; Holtz, Neil (2011-11-15).
441:. Cambridge University Press. p. 208.
43:of right ventricular dysfunction where the
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633:
382:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 229.
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530:. Oxford University Press. p. 527.
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614:Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology
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726:Video by Vanderbilt Emergency Medicine
724:Right Ventricular Strain & Failure
230:(7): 685–713 (see 704), quiz 786–788.
7:
14:
464:The Journal of Emergency Medicine
497:Kusumoto, Fred M. (2009-04-21).
657:Tadic, Marijana (2015-12-01).
476:10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.12.089
1:
376:Mike Blaivas (3 April 2014).
105:. Other EKG signs include a
320:Academic Emergency Medicine
761:
236:10.1016/j.echo.2010.05.010
116:cardiac magnetic resonance
414:. CRC Press. p. 62.
107:right bundle branch block
718:Right Ventricular Strain
33:right ventricular strain
128:Pulmonary heart disease
49:pulmonary hypertension
25:
263:Pulmonary Circulation
190:Weerakkody, Yuranga.
114:of the chest and via
19:
663:Clinical Cardiology
134:Right heart failure
626:10.1111/anec.12278
332:10.1111/acem.12769
61:pulmonary fibrosis
53:pulmonary embolism
29:Right heart strain
26:
675:10.1002/clc.22443
389:978-0-323-29021-0
326:(10): 1127–1137.
168:McGinn–White sign
91:electrocardiogram
65:pulmonic stenosis
22:sinus tachycardia
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99:bronchospasm
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73:pneumothorax
69:bronchospasm
45:heart muscle
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720:ECG Library
581:12-Lead ECG
554:12-Lead ECG
201:2016-07-12
177:References
57:infarction
683:1932-8737
340:1553-2712
283:2045-8932
37:RV strain
739:Category
701:26289321
644:25994548
484:25986329
358:26394330
301:27162612
244:20620859
122:See also
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635:6931801
349:5306533
292:4860554
112:CT scan
39:) is a
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95:S1Q3T3
89:On an
71:, and
31:(also
220:(PDF)
145:Notes
697:PMID
679:ISSN
640:PMID
586:ISBN
559:ISBN
532:ISBN
505:ISBN
480:PMID
443:ISBN
416:ISBN
384:ISBN
354:PMID
336:ISSN
297:PMID
279:ISSN
240:PMID
101:and
687:PMC
671:doi
630:PMC
622:doi
472:doi
344:PMC
328:doi
287:PMC
271:doi
232:doi
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