54:
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84:
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391:
over with fine large houses, two- and three-storeyed in the Swiss chalet style, with widely-projecting eaves and wooden balconies carved and gaudily painted. The village of
Rinchengang consists of about forty of these handsome houses, much superior to any native house in Sikhim or even at Darjeeling. They are closely clustered between narrow lanes, and all are picked out in bright colours, giving an air of prosperity and comfort.
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Craggy mountains rise on either side into jagged snow-streaked peaks banded by dark pines, and between, the clear green waters of the Mo river... The meadow here is a quarter of a mile broad, and its turfy terraces, sprinkled with the frosted remains of last year’s wild-flowers... are dotted freely
754:. China built anew trade mart at Donqingang on the hilltop near the Kagyu monastery in 2006, and trade between the Chumbi Valley and Sikkim was resumed. In a throwback to the old times, the Indian traders were not allowed to go beyond Donqingang. Rinchengang, 11 km away, was still inaccessible.
336:
border, joins Amo Chu here. The town has one of the largest tracts of flat land in the Chumbi valley covering around 580 sq km of grasslands and forests. It is also one of the last villages in the Amo Chu valley before the river enters Bhutan.
296:
area), which is currently in dispute. In
December 2018, Rinchengang village had a population of around 550 people. The inhabitants are engaged in animal grazing or work as forest rangers. Some also carry supplies to Chinese border troops.
819:, p. 108: "By order of Military Control Commission freedom of movement is not being permitted to our Trade Agents even in the vicinity where the Trade Agencies are located. For example the I.T.A. Yatung was not permitted to go to
726:
moved into Tibet and they established barracks at
Richengang. The presence of the Army also meant that the trade through the Chumbi Valley boomed. New roads and communications were established. Sugar, textiles and food items (called
742:. Tensions between India and China increased, and both the countries hampered trade. Following the Sino-India war in 1962, the border crossings at Nathu La and Jelep La were closed. They were not reopened till 2005.
1169:: "The principal town in the neighbourhood of Khari is Rinchingong , a large mart, two marches east of Choombi. It belongs to Tibet. Here the people of Bootan, Sikim and Tibet meet to trade."
1149:: "The Machoo river, rising from Chumulari, flows through the Choombi district, and enters Bhotan at a large mart called Rinchingoong , whence it flows to the plains of India..."
993:
53:
1350:
351:
There was a bridge over Amo Chu at
Rinchengang, which provided routes into Bhutan on both the banks of the Amo Chu river: the eastern one going via the
422:
sect in 1747. According to
British traveller John Easton, the hilltop was called Yatung ("nose bridge mountain") and from it was derived the name of
761:, "Richengang was just a small settlement with some houses and cultivated fields and something they would just pass by on their tedious journey."
199:
Map 1: Map of lower Chumbi Valley (Survey of India, 1923): Rinchengang is at the intersection of the Amo Chu Valley and the route from Jelep La.
1502:
1079:, p. 43: "It was a large village located along the main valley river, the Amo Chu (...), at the Amo's confluence with the river Yatung."
1587:
1526:
1466:
1444:
1424:
1404:
1309:, p. 161: "Donqingang is the market on the China side; it is 11km away from Rinchengang, but Indian traders are not allowed to go here."
223:
443:
In the early 1900s, the people of
Rinchengang were middlemen traders between central Tibet and the markets in Darjeeling and Calcutta.
395:
Rinchengang was prosperous. Being on the route from the Jelep La pass, it participated in the trade between Tibet and the Indian towns
1160:
340:
Being a spacious location and close to both Sikkim and Bhutan, Rinchengang seems to have always played the role of a trading centre.
697:
1059:
430:
in China the Kagyu
Monastery took some damage. However a restoration was undertaken and many of the cultural relics are preserved.
146:
83:
1396:
Called from
Obscurity: The Life and Times of a True Son of Tibet, God's Humble Servant from Poo, Gergan Dorje Tharchin, Vol. 2
113:
243:
900:
the road crossed the Am-mo-chhu by a substantial bridge, and our path opened out most lovely views, with splendid timber."
1144:
Himalayan
Journals – Notes of a Naturalist in Bengal, the Sikkim and Nepal Himalayas, the Khasia Mountains etc., Vol. 2
341:
723:
1113:
1567:
Notes, Memoranda and
Letters Exchanged and Agreements Signed Between the Governments of India and China: 1954-1959
1268:
418:
Monastery on a hill top near Rinchengang, which is said to have been established by Cangba Ada, a monk from the
481:
pass for travel from Sikkim. Thus, Rinchengang was bypassed and it must have seen reduction in its prospects.
289:
1031:[Renqinggang Village, Tibet: Keeping the Border and Protecting the Country and Becoming Rich Green].
470:
273:
1592:
1565:
731:– Indian goods) went through the Chumbi Valley so much so that the Chumbi Valley was more prosperous than
300:
In 2003, the governments of India and China agreed to use Rinchengang as a border trade mart, along with
739:
500:
215:
195:
1320:
1228:"Gá jǔ sì, xīzàng gá jǔ sì, yà dōng gá jǔ sì, xīzàng yà dōng gá jǔ sì - wúliàng guāngmíng fójiào wǎng"
493:
758:
750:
In 2005 India and China signed a Memorandum of Understanding on border trade with regard to reopening
427:
1025:
1472:
1330:. Vol. XXV, no. 3. Embassy of the People's Republic of China in India. pp. 44–48
348:, wrote in 1848 that the people of all three countries, Sikkim, Bhutan and Tibet, traded here.
1522:
1516:
1504:
The Spider and The Piglet: Proceedings of the First International Seminar on Bhutanese Studies
1462:
1440:
1420:
1416:
India–China Border Trade: A Case Study of Sikkim's Nathu La: A Case Study of Sikkim's Nathu La
1400:
1434:
1414:
1026:"Xīzàng rén qīng gǎng cūn: Shǒu biān hù guó lǜsè zhìfù_xīzàng xīnwén_zhōngguó xī cáng wǎng"
383:
994:"Documents signed between India and China during Prime Minister Vajpayee's visit to China"
448:
1161:"Itinerary from Phari in Thibet to Lassa, with appended Routes from Darjeeling to Phari"
711:
797:. Some authors use the traditional name of Chumbi Valley as a prefix, Tomo-Renchingang.
757:
Before the construction of Rinchengang as a market, according to a trader from Sikkim,
444:
360:
231:
207:
1536:
1581:
1383:
1214:
451:
419:
269:
261:
1461:, Making Relations Across China's Borders, Amsterdam University Press, p. 161,
965:
607:
1394:
875:
Darjeeling Past And Present: A Concise History Of Darjeeling District Since 1835
372:
356:
1495:
1476:
1454:
1093:
411:). So traders from Rinchengang exploited the gap, leading to their prosperity.
1547:
1351:"A tribute to Motilal Lakhotia, the man who took cars to Tibet on mules, yaks"
1290:
1288:
654:
423:
408:
400:
345:
321:
305:
1484:
1227:
1142:
873:
454:
who travelled in Tibet, chronicled the usage of mules to transport wool from
161:
148:
396:
386:
passed through Rinchengang on his way to Lhasa and described it as follows:
352:
265:
1549:
Sikhim & Bhutan: Twenty-One Years on the North-East Frontier, 1887—1908
952:
858:, pp. 648–649: "In violation of Tibetan law, they reached as far as
751:
557:
545:
478:
329:
325:
285:
1098:, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, pp. 8–9 – via archive.org
732:
588:
533:
404:
364:
317:
301:
277:
474:
376:
367:. (See Map 1) From the Doklam plateau, there was also a route to the
333:
293:
281:
251:
884:(9,530') where there is a collection of about 40 well-built houses."
1306:
1060:"Next to flashpoint, home tension bigger headache than China chill"
407:. Indian traders were not allowed beyond the Yatung customs house (
1518:
One Hundred Thousand Moons: An Advanced Political History of Tibet
1496:"Bhutan–China Relations: Towards a New step in Himalayan Politics"
1321:"Yadong Revisited. The Opening of Rinchengang Border Trade Market"
466:(Old Yatung) located close to the grazing grounds of Rinchengang.
415:
368:
316:
Rinchengang is in the main Chumbi valley, on the west bank of the
194:
1489:, Adyar, Madras: The Theosophist Office – via archive.org
1294:
1147:, London: John Murray, pp. 110–111 – via archive.org
789:. It is now more commonly spelt in the Chinese pinyin spelling
1215:
Easton, An Unfrequented High through Sikkim and Tibet (1928)
1436:
Geographical Diversions: Tibetan Trade, Global Transactions
912:, p. 65: "She said there are fewer vehicles plying to
1455:"The Mobile and the Material in the Himalayan Borderlands"
936:
934:
880:: "Further down is Yatung (13,200'); still further on is
1453:
Harris, Tina (2017), Saxer, Martin; Zhang, Juan (eds.),
1107:
1105:
304:
in Sikkim. It is also the corresponding trade mart for
473:(1903–1904), the British moved the trade mart to (new)
1388:, London: The Scholartis Press – via archive.org
846:, is located south of Sharsingma in Yadong country."
816:
16:
Not to be confused with Rinchengang village, Bhutan.
185:
177:
24:
970:Embassy of the People's Republic of China in India
955:, KNAB place name database, retrieved 5 July 2021.
1564:India. Ministry of External Affairs, ed. (1959),
998:Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India
1552:, Vivek Publishing House – via archive.org
388:
1269:"Chinese War Preparations in Tibet ...in 1953"
1095:An Itinerary of the Route from Sikkim to Lhasa
1541:, London: John Murray – via archive.org
1385:An Unfrequented High through Sikkim and Tibet
8:
288:pass meets Amo Chu. It is also close to the
1087:
1085:
1019:
1017:
1015:
988:
986:
1307:Harris, The Mobile and the Material (2017)
916:as there is no provision of staying back."
878:, pp. 298–299 – via archive.org
21:
1233:[Yadong Kagyu Monastery, Tibet].
940:
1515:Shakabpa, Tsepon Wangchuk Deden (2009),
1165:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
855:
831:
829:
276:region of China. It is in the valley of
1510:, Thimpu: The Centre for Bhutan Studies
1254:
1202:
1190:
925:
809:
770:
176:
141:
45:
40:
1295:Harris, Geographical Diversions (2013)
1045:
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1178:
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909:
893:
184:
7:
359:, and the western one going via the
120:
90:
60:
1267:Arpi, Claude (10 September 2016).
1167:: 274–275 – via archive.org.
14:
1230:噶举寺,西藏噶举寺,亚东噶举寺,西藏亚东噶举寺 - 无量光明佛教网
738:All this came to an end with the
966:"China-India border trade booms"
823:, only six miles from Yatung..."
703:
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426:in the valley below. During the
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1439:, University of Georgia Press,
717:Map 2: Rinchengang and vicinity
1573:, Ministry of External Affairs
1349:Dhungel, Pankaj (2020-12-30).
1141:Hooker, Joseph Dalton (1854),
256:
247:
1:
1319:Weidong, Cheng (March 2013).
344:, the Deputy Commissioner of
1588:Populated places in Shigatse
953:Xigazê Prefecture-Level City
462:He recorded the fortress of
324:that brings waters from the
264:and the headquarters of the
1535:Waddell, L. Austin (1905),
1159:Campbell, A. (April 1848).
1112:Rai, Remuna (6 July 2006).
1028:西藏仁青岗村：守边护国 绿色致富_西藏新闻_中国西藏网
1024:陈林 楚武干 (14 December 2018).
817:India, White Paper I (1959)
1609:
15:
1546:White, J. Claude (1971),
1092:Sandberg, Graham (1901),
838:, note 39, p. 405: "
211:
142:
46:
41:
34:
1494:Mathou, Thierry (2004),
1483:Kawaguchi, Ekai (1909),
1393:Fader, H. Louis (2002),
1229:
1058:Roy, Esha (2017-07-25).
1027:
777:Other spellings include
740:Tibetan uprising of 1959
724:People's Liberation Army
28:
1538:Lhasa and its Mysteries
1459:The Art of Neighbouring
1114:"The Return of Nathula"
1048:, note 39, p. 405.
471:Younghusband Expedition
320:river. A stream called
1399:, Tibet Mirror Press,
393:
200:
42:仁青岗村 Rén qīng gǎng cūn
1433:Harris, Tina (2013),
1382:Easton, John (1928),
1273:Indian Defence Review
1121:Now! (Vol. 5 No. 143)
280:where the route from
198:
19:Town in Yadong, China
1486:Three Years in Tibet
1413:Fatma, Eram (2017),
485:Post-colonial period
477:and also opened the
403:as well as Sikkim's
896:, p. 112: "At
428:Cultural Revolution
290:Bhutan–China border
260:) is a town in the
158: /
1064:The Indian Express
972:. 18 December 2013
872:Dozey, S. (1922),
342:Archibald Campbell
201:
1528:978-90-04-17732-1
1468:978-94-6298-258-1
1446:978-0-8203-4512-3
1426:978-93-86288-64-6
1419:, KW Publishers,
1406:978-99933-922-0-0
1376:Secondary sources
1205:, pp. 83–84.
1193:, pp. 82–83.
456:Tomo-Rinchen-gang
382:In December 1903
257:Rén qīng gǎng cūn
193:
192:
103:Show map of China
73:Show map of Tibet
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1000:. 23 June 2003
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941:Kawaguchi 1909
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332:passes on the
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989:
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983:
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961:
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928:, p. 84.
927:
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899:
895:
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856:Shakabpa 2009
852:
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826:
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771:
764:
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745:
743:
741:
736:
734:
730:
725:
722:In 1950, the
712:
699:
656:
649:Customs House
609:
590:
559:
547:
535:
526:TO CHUMBI AND
502:
495:
484:
482:
480:
476:
472:
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
452:Buddhist monk
450:
446:
438:
433:
431:
429:
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421:
420:Shangpa Kagyu
417:
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270:Yadong County
267:
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262:Chumbi Valley
259:
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245:
241:
237:
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228:rin chen gang
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167:27.43; 88.928
143:Coordinates:
115:
85:
55:
33:
23:
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1548:
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1517:
1503:
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1374:
1371:Bibliography
1358:. Retrieved
1354:
1344:
1332:. Retrieved
1327:
1314:
1302:
1276:. Retrieved
1272:
1262:
1255:Waddell 1905
1250:
1239:. Retrieved
1237:. 2012-10-07
1234:
1222:
1210:
1203:Waddell 1905
1198:
1191:Waddell 1905
1186:
1174:
1164:
1154:
1143:
1136:
1124:. Retrieved
1120:
1094:
1077:Fader (2002)
1072:
1063:
1053:
1041:
1033:www.tibet.cn
1032:
1002:. Retrieved
997:
974:. Retrieved
969:
960:
948:
926:Waddell 1905
921:
913:
905:
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859:
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795:Renchinggang
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728:
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339:
315:
299:
268:Township of
255:
239:
235:
227:
219:
203:
202:
1046:Mathou 2004
914:Renchingang
898:Rinchengong
860:Richen Gang
844:Rinchengang
840:Renqinggang
836:Mathou 2004
821:Rinchengang
791:Renqinggang
787:Rinchengong
779:Richen Gang
692:Rinchengang
633:Pasha gompa
552:TO NATHU LA
540:TO JELEP LA
414:There is a
240:Renqinggang
212:རིན་ཆེན་སྒང
204:Rinchengang
165: /
127:Rinchengang
97:Rinchengang
67:Rinchengang
29:རིན་ཆེན་སྒང
26:Rinchengang
1582:Categories
1360:2021-03-29
1278:2021-03-29
1241:2021-03-30
1179:White 1971
976:2021-03-27
910:Fatma 2017
894:White 1971
882:Richengang
805:References
783:Richengang
668:Donqingang
647:Old Yatung
571:Yatung Chu
528:NEW YATUNG
469:After the
460:Kalenpong.
424:Old Yatung
409:Old Yatung
401:Darjeeling
346:Darjeeling
322:Yatung Chu
306:Sherathang
266:Xia Yadong
236:Rinqêngang
153:88°55′41″E
150:27°25′48″N
1521:, BRILL,
862:, Dromo."
521:TO BHUTAN
397:Kalimpong
353:Charitang
312:Geography
1355:EastMojo
1334:28 March
1126:29 March
1004:27 March
752:Nathu La
729:rgya zog
479:Nathu La
449:Japanese
330:Nathu La
326:Jelep La
286:Jelep La
746:Present
733:Beijing
583:Amo Chu
464:Nyatong
434:History
405:Gangtok
371:basin (
365:Sangbay
318:Amo Chu
302:Changgu
278:Amo Chu
244:Chinese
208:Tibetan
178:Country
1525:
1475:
1465:
1443:
1423:
1403:
785:, and
621:Geling
475:Yatung
377:Sipchu
334:Sikkim
294:Doklam
282:Sikkim
254::
252:pinyin
246::
189:Yadong
186:County
1571:(PDF)
1508:(PDF)
1499:(PDF)
1473:JSTOR
1324:(PDF)
1117:(PDF)
765:Notes
635:site?
602:Chema
516:1mile
514:1.5km
416:Kagyu
373:Tendu
369:Dichu
274:Tibet
238:) or
216:Wylie
181:China
1523:ISBN
1463:ISBN
1441:ISBN
1421:ISBN
1401:ISBN
1336:2021
1128:2021
1006:2021
447:, a
399:and
375:and
328:and
248:仁青岗村
232:ZYPY
36:Town
458:to
379:).
363:to
357:Haa
308:.
284:'s
224:THL
1584::
1501:,
1471:,
1457:,
1353:.
1326:.
1287:^
1271:.
1163:.
1119:.
1104:^
1084:^
1062:.
1014:^
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985:^
968:.
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250:;
234::
230:,
226::
222:,
218::
214:,
210::
1363:.
1338:.
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1244:.
1130:.
1066:.
1035:.
1008:.
979:.
292:(
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