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dramatically, as the nation's economy boomed in the aftermath of World War I. At the end of 1921, the company had more than 55,000 phones in service. Two years later, after a long controversy, Rochester
Telephone won the right to bill its business customers by call, rather than on a flat rate. By 1926, the number of phones had grown to 84,000. Despite these gains, Rochester Telephone worked continuously to convince people that the telephone was not just a luxury or a gimmick—it was a necessity. The company ran ads in newspapers and on the fledgling medium of radio and also enlisted its employees in sales drives. In 1928, the company recorded its largest jump ever in the number of telephones on line and passed the $ 1 million mark in revenues.
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editorial pages of newspapers. Some
Rochester Telephone customers in outlying areas were still forced to rely on magneto crank telephones, and in certain suburbs customers were grouped into four- and eight-party lines. The company's preoccupation with the all-important and enormously expensive dial conversion effort had resulted in serious lapses in service in other areas. After the Public Utilities Commission publicly scolded Rochester Telephone for its inept management—calling its incompetent conduct of business 'inexcusable'--the company underwent a major reorganization, and a significant portion of its management was replaced.
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alternative telephone companies established the United States
Independent Telephone Company in 1905. Two years later, however, after its failure to win entry to the key New York City market, the company failed. Rochester Telephone, which had invested heavily in the enterprise, suffered severe financial damage with its bankruptcy. This, coupled with the high costs of competition with the Bell network, prevented the company from raising any new investment capital for the next four years, and it continued to limp along throughout the 1910s.
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had difficulty handling the growing volume of calls. Customers were asked to limit the duration of their calls, and tones sounded every three minutes on the line to remind them to get off the phone. On long-distance calls, operators broke in every five minutes to tell callers that others were waiting to use the lines. In addition, Rochester
Telephone received many orders for the installation of new equipment which it was unable to fill. By the war's end, the company's waiting list had grown to include 8,000 names.
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expansion and conversion to more efficient dial switching, and in the meantime, urged its customers not to make nonessential calls. Rochester citizens, relatively tolerant of the company's weaknesses during the war, responded in the postwar period with frustration and criticism. Letters to local papers characterized phone service in the area as 'wretched' and 'outrageous.' Eventually, a state regulatory agency undertook an investigation of
Rochester Telephone's operations.
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After conducting a study, the company decided against undertaking the costly conversion to the new technology. In the 1930s and 1940s, while other telephone companies across the nation were implementing the new, more efficient service, Rochester
Telephone, unable to raise the necessary capital for the conversion because of the effects of the Great Depression and the war effort, was forced to continue using archaic equipment.
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years. The company added 1,000 new lines to its switchboard, a second story to its headquarters building, and an entire second switchboard. In addition, Rochester
Telephone widened its area of service to include the towns of Charlotte, Fairport, and Pittsford outside city limits. Other counties in western New York were served by company subsidiaries, the Genesee Valley Telephone Company, and the Interlake Telephone Company.
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New York, where a line was strung between the offices of the
Phillips Coal Company and its coal yards a mile and a half away. Following this precedent, in 1879, Rochester established two telephone companies, one a franchise of the American Bell Telephone Company, and one a part of the Edison company. The Bell affiliate, called the Rochester Telephonic Exchange, was a branch of the Bell Company of Buffalo.
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equipment only from the telephone company itself. Inroads caused by this development, along with other factors, caused a drop in company revenues and earnings during this time. In 1974 the company suffered a strike by telephone workers that lasted 28 weeks, and in the following year, the company also began layoffs, which continued throughout the late 1970s as demand for its services slackened.
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the business systems unit opened an office in
Honolulu to serve hotels there and set up a long-distance service from Hawaii to the continental U.S. known as Call America. One year later, the company added Rotelcom Data, Inc., and a Supply and Set Refurbishment Division, which fixed up used telephones for resale. In their early years, the company's subsidiaries reported strong profits.
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State and a fiber optic hookup with
Chicago. After purchasing an additional fiber optic link with Washington, D.C., the company's operations spanned 12 cities. In the mid-1980s, Rochester Telephone also entered the new radio telephone industry, when it founded Rochester Tel Mobile Communications. By the end of the decade, it managed cellular phone services in six states.
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the fledgling days of the telephone industry as an independent telephone operation, not affiliated with the nationwide Bell network. After suffering the effects of poor management in the middle years of the century, Rochester Telephone recovered and grew rapidly in the 1960s and 1970s. This strong progress allowed the company to successfully diversify in the 1980s.
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users in the city had increased exponentially, reaching 1,000. All lines were party lines, and there were no telephone numbers; calls were placed through a switchboard staffed by operators, who connected parties by name. Calls passed over lines strung along streets on poles with crossbars, which observers complained were unsightly.
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RTC was also nicknamed "Rochester Tel." The company also used a marketing tag line during this time, "Rochester Tel and You—The Perfect Connection". This reflected the company's commitment to marketing through a partnership with the local community. The company was one of the first in the nation to
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The company's darkest hour had passed by 1934, however, and its count of telephones in service and revenues began to creep upward that year. Three years later, the company got further relief when it received its first rate increase from the commission that regulated public utilities in its area. This
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In addition to these gains, Rochester Telephone made a decision in the 1920s that would ultimately result in a setback for the company. In that decade, dial service, which replaced the services of an operator at a switchboard with automatic routing of calls to their destination, was first introduced.
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In 1886 the Bell Company announced that customers would no longer be charged a flat fee, but would be charged by call for all telephone use over 500 calls a year. Outraged customers objected, and the Rochester city council revoked the company's franchise. In addition, telephone users staged a strike,
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The two telephone companies competed for less than 18 months before merging under the aegis of the Bell system. In 1880 the company had 50 phone lines, which it provided to residential customers at the rate of $ 24 a year; businesses paid more for the service. Within six years the number of telephone
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Rochester Telephone got its start late in the nineteenth century. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1875, and the following year he patented it and exhibited his device to great acclaim at the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition. By July 1877, the telephone had made its way to Rochester,
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In 1978, rebuffed by its regulators in its attempt to form a holding company, Rochester Telephone spent $ 2 million forming two subsidiaries instead. Rotelcom Business Systems and Rotelcom Consulting Services provided equipment and expertise in the burgeoning telecommunications field. The next year,
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The inconvenience of a dual telephone system, which required two sets of phones in each residence or business, and two sets of lines criss-crossing the city, brought growing pressure for consolidation of operations. In 1915, negotiations between Bell and the independents began in New York State. Two
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The upstart company drummed up about 1500 subscribers for its services and presented a petition to the Rochester City Council for a franchise, which was approved in April 1899. On May 13, 1900, Rochester Telephone inaugurated service to about 1,800 customers. Steady expansion took place in its early
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The telephone strike had stimulated in Rochester's citizens a desire for a locally owned telephone company. When the Bell Company's patents expired in 1893, many competing telephone enterprises sprung up. In early 1899, a group of Rochester businessmen joined this movement when they founded the Home
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Throughout the rest of the 1960s, the company expanded its infrastructure of cables and switching equipment while adding new lines to keep pace with Rochester's growth. In 1966 Rochester Telephone completed conversion of its entire system to dial switching and established a seven-digit phone number
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The retooled Rochester Telephone entered the 1960s poised to rectify the faults of the past and seek new growth. The company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange for the first time, and it set out to use the capital generated by stock sales to improve service in the rapidly growing suburbs. In
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By 1948, Rochester Telephone had a backlog of 12,000 requests for telephone installation. In that same year, the company was finally able to commence a program of conversion to dial telephone service. The costs of this program caused the company to eliminate the dividend on its stock for that year.
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Rochester Telephone Corporation was the thirteenth largest diversified American telecommunications company and the largest telephone company in New York. It provided local telephone service to customers in 14 states and operated subsidiaries in a number of related fields. The company was founded in
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Along with its forays into unregulated industries, Rochester Telephone expanded its holdings in the local telephone exchange business dramatically during the 1980s. In 1984 it added its third New York phone system—in AuSable Valley—and in the ensuing years, the company purchased 34 other telephone
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In 1983, as the federal government's breakup of the Bell telephone monopoly increased competition in the telecommunications industry dramatically, Rochester Telephone launched its second unregulated venture, founding the RCI Corporation. RCI installed a microwave communications network in New York
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To prepare for further growth, Rochester Telephone initiated employee training programs in the late 1960s. The first sign of that growth came in 1972, when the company made its first acquisition outside the geographical limits of its service area, purchasing the Sylvan Lake Telephone Company. This
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With the gear-up for the war effort, demand for telephone services increased dramatically. The ranks of company employees to meet that demand, however, were thinned by military call-ups. Caught without dial equipment in a situation where new equipment was impossible to procure, Rochester Telephone
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and surrounding counties in upstate New York. Some telephone equipment in the Rochester area still bears the company's name. Its initial development benefited from the vision of Albrecht Vogt, an early founder of and investor in several Rochester industries, and yielded a successful company that
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The 1930s proved to be a difficult decade for Rochester Telephone. Strapped for cash in the midst of the Great Depression, many of the company's customers gave up their phone service, and cancellations exceeded new orders for several years in the early part of the decade. As revenues and earnings
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In the 1950s Rochester Telephone made a number of stock offerings to pay for its long overdue capital improvements. By 1954 the company was finally able to respond promptly to requests for service. Rochester's population and economic base grew rapidly during the decade, particularly in outlying
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Despite the Depression, Rochester Telephone expanded its facilities during the 1930s, adding new central office space in downtown Rochester and outlying communities. By 1941, Rochester Telephone's revenues had climbed back to their highest point ever. That same year, however, the United States
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In 1944 Rochester Telephone sold stock to the public for the first time. Demand for telephone services continued to grow astronomically in the postwar years, and the company found itself unable to keep up with its customers' needs. Rochester Telephone struggled to raise capital to provide for
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Although customers professed higher satisfaction with the service of the independent Rochester Telephone Company than they had with the Bell system, they were unable to make long-distance calls. In an effort to provide a nationwide network that would allow long-distance calling, the country's
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In the mid-1970s, Rochester Telephone experienced its first taste of the competition. Around this time, the telephone industry was rocked by a Supreme Court ruling that allowed customers to attach their own phone equipment to company lines. No longer were telephone users required to purchase
261:
This growth in earnings was possible, in part, as a result of rate increases that the company won in 1951 and 1954. In 1958, when Rochester Telephone petitioned the state public utilities commission for yet another rate increase, the anger of some of its customers again spilled over onto the
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The newly constituted company, which had been given the name Rochester Telephone Corporation, had 1,200 employees and assets worth about $ 6 million. On August 1, 1921, the two halves of the new independent system began operating as one. During the ensuing decade, Rochester Telephone grew
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Frontier's investment in fiber long lines proved attractive in the exploding global communications market in the late 1990s when it was acquired in 1999 by Global Crossing, a Bermuda-based communications network enterprise. In 2000, the holding company adopted its current name,
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Rochester Telephone in the late 1940s faced a severe public relations problem. Open house events at its manual switching centers in 1949 helped to appease the public somewhat, but soon, tempers rose again, as consumers complained about the company's slow and unreliable service.
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move was made in response to the slowing rate of economic growth in the company's traditional area of operation. Four years later, a second, much larger purchase was made, when Rochester Telephone acquired the Highland Telephone Company.
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area with a telephone number beginning with "223" or "425" had the chance to participate in a trial of this service and other CLASS calling features which were making their debut in New York at that time.
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removing their receivers at noon on November 20, 1886, and leaving them off the hook for 18 months while the company stood fast. Finally, Bell gave way, offering lower rates, and the strike was ended.
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suburban areas, and Rochester Telephone's operations grew along with them. By the end of the decade, the company had 290,000 phones in service, and its revenues and earnings had more than doubled.
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330:. The company separated its local telephone lines in Rochester into a separate operating company also named Rochester Telephone Corporation. This company was eventually renamed in 1997 to
987:
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Partial relief for the company's financial woes came when Rochester Telephone was granted two consecutive rate increases, which provided the company with $ 1.4 million in extra funds.
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967:
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entered World War II, and the economy was converted to a wartime footing. Resources were diverted to the military effort, leaving widespread shortages in the civilian world.
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fell, Rochester Telephone began to cut its work force in an effort to keep costs down. Remaining employees were put on shortened hours, and their wages were reduced.
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years later it was agreed that a new corporation, independent of the Bell organization, would be created to buy and operate the telephone systems of both companies.
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area. This geographical expansion was designed to offset the effect of a gradual but unmistakable economic retrenchment in the company's home area, Rochester.
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In 1993, then Rochester Telephone Corporation, the company became the first telephone company to open its local telephone lines to competition.
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up to and through the national monopoly's divestiture in 1984. As a smaller organization with a high-tech city at its core (headquarters of
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Principal Subsidiaries: RCI Long Distance; Rotelcom, Inc.; Rochester Tel Mobile Communications; Rochester Tel Cellular Holding Corporation.
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service to its customers. A trial of this service in the early 1990s was one of the first in the United States. Customers located in the
121:. The company was founded in 1920 as a merger of Rochester Telephonic Exchange and Rochester Telephone Company. In 1995 the company became
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1961, however, this progress was slowed by a nine-week strike of telephone workers that again resulted in a backlog of service calls.
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210:) RT often led the conservative and intransigent AT&T when it came to features and customer service, delivering, for instance,
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Howe, F. L., Endless Voices: The Story of Rochester Tel, Rochester Telephone Corporation, Rochester, New York, 1992.
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The Rochester Telephone, later Frontier Corporation, companies refer to all the local telephone companies owned by
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Frontier Communications - Lakeshore, Inc. Wisconsin, (RTLW) -- combined with FC of Wisconsin, Inc. (RTUW) in 1998
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Telephone Company. By the end of the year, the company's name had been changed to Rochester Telephone Company.
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Rochester Telephone - Ontomogan Telephone, Michigan (RTOT) -- sold during the period of 1992 through 1994
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1189:
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773:
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Rochester Telephone - S & A Telephone, Kansas (RTKS) -- sold during the period of 1992 through 1994
733:
Rochester Telephone - Midway Telephone, Michigan (RTMM) -- sold during the period of 1992 through 1994
1325:
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Frontier Communications - Schuyler, Inc., Iowa (RTSO) was sold to Minburn Telecommunications in 1999
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in 1999, and then, in 2001, to Citizens Utilities Corporation, which later changed its name to
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Frontier Communications Corp - Form 10-K - Ex. 21-1 - List of Subsidiaries - February 26, 2010
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and caller ID services well before neighborhoods serviced by Bell's regional divisions, like
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system. By the end of the decade, the company had added 200,000 new phones to its network.
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In 1995, the company repositioned itself as a holding company and changed its name to
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boon produced over $ 60,000 in additional annual revenues for Rochester Telephone.
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prior to the companies' sale to Citizens Communications. These companies include:
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Frontier Telephone of Rochester, Inc. (founded in 1994 - contains the original
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This Great Contrivance - The First Hundred Years of the Telephone in Rochester
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International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 6. St. James Press, 1992.
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585:
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Bittner quits CEO post, citing health concerns, Rochester Business Journal
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In 2001, Global Crossing North America's local exchange assets, including
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Rochester Telephonic Exchange and Rochester Telephone Company (1877-1920)
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193:(RTC) was for most of the 20th century, the sole phone company serving
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operations in 15 states. The largest was located in the suburban
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Rochester Tel: In Profile, Corporate Information, October 1992.
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were among the leading competitors; AT&T later withdrew.
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Ronald Bittner, 55, Telephone Executive, New York Times
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telephone exchanges of Rochester Telephone Corporation)
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was a company that provided local telephone service to
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Rochester-Genesee Regional Transportation Authority
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Frontier Corp. -- Company History, Funding Universe
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62:
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34:
24:
368:, and ownership of the Frontier name were sold to
337:The company operated a wireless subsidiary called
1694:Telecommunications companies of the United States
1699:Telecommunications companies established in 1920
829:Citizens Communications Co - 10-K - For 12/31/02
868:Rochester Telephone Company 1991 Annual Report.
774:Frontier Corp., Rochester, NY, Company Profile
671:Frontier Communications of Mt. Pulaski, Inc. (
916:
685:Frontier Communications of Oswayo River LLC (
648:Frontier Communications of Lamar County LLC (
8:
692:Frontier Communications of Pennsylvania, LLC
594:Frontier Communications of Breezewood, LLC (
19:
729:There are a number of former subsidiaries:
634:Frontier Communications of Lakeside, Inc. (
615:Frontier Communications of Fairmount, LLC (
186:Rochester Telephone Corporation (1920-1995)
129:under the FRO symbol. Ownership passed to
923:
909:
901:
796:Journal Record article at Findarticles.com
698:Frontier Communications of Thorntown LLC (
661:Frontier Communications of Mississippi LLC
658:Frontier Communications of Minnesota, Inc.
641:Frontier Communications of Lakewood, LLC (
577:Frontier Communications - Schuyler, Inc. (
18:
655:Frontier Communications of Michigan, Inc.
625:Frontier Communications of Illinois, Inc.
584:Frontier Communications - St. Croix LLC (
570:Frontier Communications - Prairie, Inc. (
563:Frontier Communications - Midland, Inc. (
550:Rochester Telephone/Frontier subsidiaries
349:Global Crossing North America (2000-2001)
712:Frontier Communications of Wisconsin LLC
705:Frontier Communications of Viroqua LLC (
695:Frontier Communications of the South LLC
678:Frontier Communications of Orion, Inc. (
664:Frontier Communications of Mondovi LLC (
608:Frontier Communications of DePue, Inc. (
601:Frontier Communications of Canton, LLC (
383:
973:Greater Rochester International Airport
880:, Rochester Telephone Corporation, 1979
755:
1689:Companies based in Rochester, New York
1679:American companies established in 1920
628:Frontier Communications of Indiana LLC
622:Frontier Communications of Georgia LLC
591:Frontier Communications of Alabama LLC
7:
631:Frontier Communications of Iowa, LLC
519:August 22, 1997 - September 5, 1997
16:Former telephone company in New York
1230:Sibley's, Lindsay and Curr Building
356:Global Crossing North America, Inc.
1489:The Aquinas Institute of Rochester
851:FCC Carrier Filing History for RTC
14:
1472:Center for Urban Entrepreneurship
1467:Rochester Institute of Technology
543:August 22, 1997 - September 1999
1484:Rochester Academy Charter School
1042:
532:June 10, 1997 - August 22, 1997
508:June 10, 1997 - August 22, 1997
322:Frontier Corporation (1995-1999)
1600:Rochester Telephone Corporation
1260:Innovation Square (Xerox Tower)
896:Frontier Telephone of Rochester
372:, which in 2008 renamed itself
370:Citizens Communications Company
362:Frontier Telephone of Rochester
332:Frontier Telephone of Rochester
191:Rochester Telephone Corporation
115:Rochester Telephone Corporation
86:Frontier Telephone of Rochester
20:Rochester Telephone Corporation
1479:Rochester City School District
1115:Brown's Race Historic District
1015:Lehigh Valley Railroad Station
497:February 1992 – June 10, 1997
341:. It was a joint venture with
198:remained independent from the
1:
556:Global Crossing North America
1606:Lawyers Cooperative Pub. Co.
50:; 104 years ago
1311:International Jazz Festival
1306:International Film Festival
1095:City Hall Historic District
68:; 30 years ago
1715:
1205:Federal Building/City Hall
785:The Journal Record article
1641:
1356:National Toy Hall of Fame
1331:Museum and Science Center
1265:Tower 280 (Midtown Tower)
1040:
939:
366:Frontier Subsidiary Telco
1494:Monroe Community College
1301:High Falls Film Festival
1032:Grand View Beach Railway
993:Veterans Memorial Bridge
978:Rochester Amtrak Station
1684:Frontier Communications
1499:Rochester Area Colleges
1455:Eastman School of Music
1450:University of Rochester
1427:Genesee Brewing Company
1403:Abbott's Frozen Custard
1363:Water Street Music Hall
1351:National Museum of Play
1286:Contemporary Art Center
1200:Rundel Memorial Library
988:Douglass-Anthony Bridge
950:Other notable residents
891:Frontier Communications
374:Frontier Communications
135:Frontier Communications
107:Local Telephone Service
1336:Philharmonic Orchestra
1195:Susan B. Anthony House
292:Minneapolis, Minnesota
1532:Eastman Business Park
1250:Times Square Building
1225:Capelli Sport Stadium
1190:George Eastman Museum
1644:Rochester Metro Area
1326:Memorial Art Gallery
1255:Five Star Bank Plaza
480:Alan C. Hasselwander
328:Frontier Corporation
123:Frontier Corporation
1594:Harts Local Grocers
1583:Monro Muffler Brake
1554:Greenlight Networks
1341:Sports in Rochester
1296:Geva Theatre Center
1235:First Federal Plaza
1175:Genesee Valley Park
1170:Durand Eastman Park
1160:Mount Hope Cemetery
1026:Spirit of Ontario I
1020:Erie Railroad Depot
946:Nathaniel Rochester
933:Rochester, New York
725:Former subsidiaries
605:; acquired in 1988)
388:
119:Rochester, New York
96:Rochester, New York
21:
1623:Media in Rochester
1559:Rochester Products
1058:14621 Neighborhood
469:James C. Henderson
458:George S. Beinetti
436:Donald H. Campbell
384:
216:New York Telephone
39:Telecommunications
1666:
1665:
1660:State of New York
1633:Tallest buildings
1522:Bausch & Lomb
547:
546:
540:President and CEO
537:Joseph P. Clayton
529:President and COO
525:Joseph P. Clayton
513:Ronald L. Bittner
502:Ronald L. Bittner
494:President and CEO
491:Ronald L. Bittner
483:President and CEO
472:President and CEO
461:President and CEO
339:Frontier Cellular
125:, trading on the
112:
111:
1706:
1652:Western New York
1270:The Metropolitan
1220:Innovative Field
1215:Blue Cross Arena
1046:
1003:Rochester subway
925:
918:
911:
902:
853:
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842:
837:
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826:
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505:CEO and Chairman
425:John W. Morrison
403:George R. Fuller
389:
386:Chief executives
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1436:
1379:Nick Tahou Hots
1367:
1291:Eastman Theatre
1274:
1210:Powers Building
1185:Seneca Park Zoo
1152:
1146:
1047:
1038:
956:
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929:
887:
862:
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447:William A. Kern
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131:Global Crossing
72:
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1517:Hickey Freeman
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1460:Medical Center
1457:
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1432:Chicken French
1429:
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1321:Little Theatre
1318:
1316:Lilac Festival
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1065:Arvine Heights
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961:Transportation
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954:List of mayors
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414:John P. Boylan
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1648:Monroe County
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1565:Midtown Plaza
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1527:Eastman Kodak
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1052:Neighborhoods
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717:Rochester, NY
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343:Bell Atlantic
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23:
1656:Finger Lakes
1616:Other topics
1599:
1441:Research and
1240:Legacy Tower
1140:Linden–South
1131:North Winton
1120:State Street
1025:
997:
877:
860:Bibliography
846:
835:
824:
813:
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687:Pennsylvania
643:Pennsylvania
603:Pennsylvania
596:Pennsylvania
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92:Headquarters
25:Company type
1408:Bill Gray's
1245:Kodak Tower
1135:South Wedge
312:Time Warner
200:Bell System
1673:Categories
1567:(defunct)
1412:Tom Wahl's
1346:The Strong
1110:High Falls
1077:Browncroft
1070:Chili–West
1061:19th Ward
983:Erie Canal
750:References
486:1984–1992
475:1975–1984
464:1964–1975
453:1959–1964
442:1950–1959
431:1946–1950
420:1927–1945
409:1921–1927
380:Leadership
212:Touch Tone
1608:(defunct)
1602:(defunct)
1596:(defunct)
1590:(defunct)
1571:McCurdy's
1561:(defunct)
1510:companies
1443:education
1417:DiBella's
1396:White hot
1391:Zweigle's
1153:landmarks
1151:Parks and
1127:Maplewood
1086:Corn Hill
1082:Charlotte
707:Wisconsin
666:Wisconsin
586:Wisconsin
450:President
439:President
428:President
417:President
406:President
300:caller ID
195:Rochester
1588:Sibley's
1549:French's
1105:Edgerton
1101:East End
1090:Downtown
1008:Aqueduct
931:City of
885:See also
680:Illinois
673:Illinois
636:Illinois
610:Illinois
579:Illinois
572:Illinois
565:Illinois
516:Chairman
316:AT&T
304:Perinton
298:offer a
103:Products
35:Industry
1539:Paychex
1508:Notable
1422:Wegmans
942:History
700:Indiana
650:Alabama
617:Georgia
398:Tenure
334:, Inc.
145:History
84:became
71: (
63:Defunct
53: (
45:Founded
29:Private
1628:Police
998:Former
98:, U.S.
1544:Xerox
395:Title
208:Xerox
1372:Food
392:Name
364:and
314:and
206:and
127:NYSE
81:Fate
73:1994
66:1994
55:1920
48:1920
1675::
1658:-
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