413:(including shelly, pebble and gravel bottoms) Sandy bottoms at first glance appear to be fairly barren areas, as they lack the stability to support many of the spectacular reef based species, and the variety of large organisms is relatively low. The sand is continually being moved around by wave action, to a greater or lesser degree depending on weather conditions and exposure of the area. This means that sessile organisms must be specifically adapted to areas of relatively loose substrate to thrive in them, and the variety of species found on a sandy or gravel bottom will depend on all these factors. Sandy bottoms have one important compensation for their instability, animals can burrow into the sand and move up and down within its layers, which can provide feeding opportunities and protection from predation. Other species can dig themselves holes in which to shelter, or may feed by filtering water drawn through the tunnel, or by extending body parts adapted to this function into the water above the sand.
453:
445:
417:
29:
163:
436:, the mostly microscopic photosynthetic organisms that convert the energy of sunlight into organic material which feeds nearly everything else, directly or indirectly. In temperate seas there are distinct seasonal cycles of phytoplankton growth, based on the available nutrients and the available sunlight. Either can be a limiting factor. Phytoplankton tend to thrive where there is plenty of light, and they themselves are a major factor in restricting light penetration to greater depths, so the photosynthetic zone tends to be shallower in areas of high productivity.
388:, which reduce the effect of waves and provide food and shelter for an extended range of organisms. Sandy beaches and bottoms are a relatively unstable substrate and cannot anchor kelp or many of the other benthic organisms. Finally there is open water, above the substrate and clear of the kelp forest, where the organisms must drift or swim. Mixed habitats are also frequently found, which are a combination of those mentioned above. There are no significant estuarine habitats in the MPA.
277:
392:
6155:
343:
6166:
170:
1078:
406:
depending on the direction of dip and strike, and steepness of the dip, may produce reefs which are relatively flat to very high profile and full of small crevices. These features may be at varying angles to the shoreline and wave fronts. There are fewer large holes, tunnels and crevices in sandstone reefs, but often many deep but low near-horizontal crevices.
405:
The type of rock of the reef is of some importance, as it influences the range of possibilities for the local topography, which in turn influences the range of habitats provided, and therefore the diversity of inhabitants. Sandstone and other sedimentary rocks erode and weather very differently, and
383:
Four major habitats exist in the sea in this region, distinguished by the nature of the substrate. The substrate, or base material, is important in that it provides a base to which an organism can anchor itself, which is vitally important for those organisms which need to stay in one particular kind
401:
There are rocky reefs and mixed rocky and sandy bottoms. For many marine organisms the substrate is another type of marine organism, and it is common for several layers to co-exist. Examples of this are red bait pods, which are usually encrusted with sponges, ascidians, bryozoans, anemones, and
440:
feed on the phytoplankton, and are in turn eaten by larger animals. The larger pelagic animals are generally faster moving and more mobile, giving them the option of changing depth to feed or to avoid predation, and to move to other places in search of a better food
2118:
2473:
2123:
693:
369:
2314:
1082:
2133:
2128:
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227:
The
Robberg Marine Protected Area was established on 2 September 1998 as a Marine Protected Area by Proclamation in Government Notice No. 18 of 1998, and was proclaimed by the Minister of
358:
The marine protected areas of South Africa are the responsibility of the national government, which has management agreements with a variety of MPA management authorities, in this case,
5751:
2138:
312:
About 12.9 km of coastline comprising 1.85 km of sandy shores along
Robberg beach and 11.05 km on the Robberg peninsula, and 42 km of ocean is protected by the MPA.
162:
1829:
1110:
265:
as "A clearly defined geographical space, recognised, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated
2359:
402:
gastropods, and abalone, which are usually covered by similar seaweeds to those found on the surrounding rocks, usually with a variety of other organisms living on the seaweeds.
72:
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1814:
900:
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1103:
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1221:
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1614:
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1819:
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240:
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1920:
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252:
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2015:
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Concept
Document:Re-zoning within the Robberg Marine Protected Area (MPA) in the interests of biodiversity protection and the value of the MPA
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236:
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of place. Rocky shores and reefs provide a firm fixed substrate for the attachment of plants and animals. Some of these may have
5723:
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452:
444:
428:
The pelagic water column is the major part of the living space at sea. This is the water between the surface and the top of the
416:
28:
5488:
5458:
5448:
5107:
4231:
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1859:
1627:
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1394:
1389:
1317:
1241:
2602:
362:, which manages the MPA with funding from the South African Government through the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA).
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4261:
4221:
4141:
3788:
3653:
3483:
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3315:
346:
Marine ecoregions of the South
African Exclusive Economic Zone: Robberg Marine Protected Area is in the Agulhas ecoregion.
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5463:
5412:
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5202:
5019:
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4181:
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1935:
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5279:
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365:
The
Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries is responsible for issuing permits, quotas and law enforcement.
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3045:
2952:
2857:
2747:
2234:
978:
South
African National Spatial Biodiversity Assessment 2004: Technical Report Vol. 4 Marine Component DRAFT
5852:
5741:
5259:
5212:
5207:
4815:
4709:
4659:
4545:
4465:
4455:
4420:
4340:
4325:
4286:
4086:
4016:
3608:
3518:
3453:
3300:
3240:
3140:
2927:
2782:
2417:
551:
4979:
4925:
4855:
4704:
4669:
4634:
4629:
4575:
4445:
4410:
4375:
4315:
4281:
4226:
4001:
3443:
3398:
3170:
2687:
2667:
2597:
2224:
6020:
5799:
5746:
5661:
5274:
5197:
4835:
4780:
4604:
4415:
4405:
4345:
3553:
3493:
3438:
3423:
2872:
2772:
2204:
2182:
917:
607:
476:
256:
5084:
4810:
4400:
2987:
2942:
2932:
2742:
2682:
2632:
46:
4850:
2997:
2727:
2577:
2239:
6040:
6000:
5264:
5249:
4989:
4320:
4191:
3528:
3413:
3305:
2962:
2917:
2822:
2777:
2647:
2592:
2229:
2167:
1145:
1023:
631:
232:
2662:
6030:
5339:
5239:
4840:
2802:
2567:
2364:
2214:
2171:
805:
Declaration of areas as Marine
Protected Areas: Government Notice R1429 in Government Gazette 21948
655:
647:
639:
567:
5034:
5014:
4031:
5656:
4639:
2486:
1130:
559:
531:
266:
191:
803:
6010:
5641:
5304:
2491:
2481:
1003:
946:
615:
501:
543:
521:
140:
5708:
4186:
3961:
2496:
2427:
2389:
2199:
2192:
679:
671:
199:
60:
704:. There are a large proportion of species endemic to South Africa along this coastline.
6035:
391:
276:
6188:
6025:
433:
342:
5985:
5044:
4246:
3803:
701:
511:
429:
373:
203:
195:
50:
833:
6110:
National
Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Act, 24 of 2008
5822:
5009:
663:
591:
437:
385:
1088:
5995:
5636:
2422:
697:
432:, where living organisms swim, float or drift, and the food chain starts with
359:
132:
87:
74:
5990:
3007:
2263:
778:
623:
1077:
219:
The 1.96 km
Robberg Nature Reserve was established on 1 August 1980.
2455:
2329:
734: – Protected areas of coastline or ocean in the EEZ of South Africa
169:
5804:
2554:
377:
330:
Southern boundary: S34°07.633′ E023°25.967′ to S34°07.633′ E023°22.300′
415:
390:
327:
Eastern boundary: S34°04.916′ E023°25.967′ to S34°07.633′ E023°25.967′
324:
Northern boundary: 34°04.916′ E023°22.300′ to S34°04.916′ E023°25.967′
3385:
2437:
333:
Western boundary: S34°07.633′ E023°22.300′ to 34°04.916′ E023°22.300′
6115:
National
Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act, 57 of 2003
5827:
2529:
451:
443:
341:
5833:
Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology Virtual Museum
2119:
List of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay
262:
6105:
National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act, 10 of 2004
5974:
5697:
5155:
2527:
2261:
2165:
2107:
1163:
1092:
177:
Robberg Nature Reserve and Marine Protected Area (South Africa)
2124:
List of marine vertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay
271:
239:
No. 21948 of 29 December 2000 according to section 43 of the
448:
Robberg Nature Reserve and Marine Protected Area signboard
2134:
List of brown seaweeds of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay
2129:
List of green seaweeds of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay
2082:
List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes
16:
Conservation area at the Robberg peninsula in South Africa
943:
A field guide to the marine animals of the Cape Peninsula
372:
to the east of Cape Point which extends eastwards to the
5752:
South African Association for Marine Biological Research
2139:
List of red seaweeds of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay
728: – Areas protected for conservation in South Africa
288:
2360:
Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests
6125:
6087:
6064:
5941:
5841:
5813:
5775:
5732:
5627:
5512:
5365:
5348:
5303:
5177:
5098:
5043:
4939:
4753:
4589:
4300:
3960:
3802:
3384:
3006:
2553:
2472:
2454:
2436:
2408:
2378:
2343:
2313:
2283:
2049:
1934:
1908:
1842:
1807:
1711:
1673:
1641:
1590:
1220:
1174:
1037:(10177). Pretoria: Government Printer. 23 May 2019.
157:
128:
111:
103:
66:
56:
42:
21:
5600:Southeast Atlantic Seamounts Marine Protected Area
5484:Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area
4207:Southern Namaqualand Quartzite Klipkoppe Shrubland
969:Sink, K.; Harris, J.; Lombard, A. (October 2004).
5647:Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries
5373:Addo Elephant National Park Marine Protected Area
2355:Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands
1002:(3rd impression ed.). Cape Town: C. Struik.
964:
962:
5762:South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity
1083:Robberg Nature Reserve and Marine Protected Area
188:Robberg Nature Reserve and Marine Protected Area
22:Robberg Nature Reserve and Marine Protected Area
5949:List of authors of South African botanical taxa
5757:South African Environmental Observation Network
5605:Southwest Indian Seamount Marine Protected Area
2109:Regional taxon checklists and other minor lists
6016:International Union for Conservation of Nature
3892:Nieuwoudtville-Roggeveld Dolerite Renosterveld
2067:List of invasive plant species in South Africa
5767:South African National Biodiversity Institute
1104:
993:
991:
989:
987:
798:
796:
8:
6046:South African Sustainable Seafood Initiative
5954:List of authors of South African animal taxa
5928:University of KwaZulu-Natal Botanical Garden
5672:Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality
4177:Richtersveld Sandy Coastal Scorpionstailveld
936:
934:
819:– via Centre for Environmental Rights.
6133:List of field guides to South African biota
6100:National Environmental Management Act, 1998
6006:Environmental impact of recreational diving
5610:Port Elizabeth Corals Marine Protected Area
5590:Prince Edward Islands Marine Protected Area
5580:Namaqua Fossil Forest Marine Protected Area
5575:iSimangaliso Offshore Marine Protected Area
5444:Namaqua National Park Marine Protected Area
5055:Subantarctic Biotic Herbfield and Grassland
971:Appendix 1. South African marine bioregions
6165:
6061:
5971:
5729:
5724:South African National Collection of Fungi
5694:
5520:Agulhas Bank Complex Marine Protected Area
5362:
5174:
5152:
4970:Pondoland-Natal Sandstone Coastal Sourveld
2550:
2524:
2370:Maputaland–Pondoland bushland and thickets
2280:
2258:
2162:
2104:
1670:
1638:
1217:
1171:
1160:
1111:
1097:
1089:
773:
771:
769:
767:
765:
376:. There are a large proportion of species
261:A marine protected area is defined by the
18:
5555:Browns Bank Complex Marine Protected Area
4232:Stinkfonteinberge Eastern Apron Shrubland
4212:Southern Richtersveld Inselberg Shrubland
895:
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
883:
881:
879:
877:
875:
873:
871:
190:is an inshore conservation region in the
5923:Stellenbosch University Botanical Garden
5560:Browns Bank Corals Marine Protected Area
5474:Sixteen Mile Beach Marine Protected Area
5295:ǀAi-ǀAis/Richtersveld Transfrontier Park
5169:Index of protected areas of South Africa
2603:Dwarsberg-Swartruggens Mountain Bushveld
2545:List of vegetation types of South Africa
2087:List of botanists by author abbreviation
2062:List of invasive species in South Africa
1704:Whip spiders and tailless whip scorpions
869:
867:
865:
863:
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
6095:Marine Living Resources Act, 18 of 1998
5933:Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden
5893:KwaZulu-Natal National Botanical Garden
5873:Harold Porter National Botanical Garden
5585:Orange Shelf Edge Marine Protected Area
5540:Amathole Offshore Marine Protected Area
4730:Southern Nababiepsberge Mountain Desert
4715:Northern Nababiepsberge Mountain Desert
4272:Vyftienmyl se Berge Succulent Shrubland
4217:Southern Richtersveld Scorpionstailveld
4137:Northern Richtersveld Scorpionstailveld
3997:Central Richtersveld Mountain Shrubland
3261:Southern Drakensberg Highland Grassland
3196:Northern Drakensberg Highland Grassland
3086:Drakensberg-Amathole Afromontane Fynbos
753:"Gazetted Name: Robberg Nature Reserve"
744:
726:List of protected areas of South Africa
241:Marine Living Resources Act, 18 of 1998
37:Robberg Nature Reserve and MPA location
6195:Marine protected areas of South Africa
5913:North-West University Botanical Garden
5908:Manie van der Schijff Botanical Garden
5888:Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden
5883:Karoo Desert National Botanical Garden
5785:African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme
5429:Langebaan Lagoon Marine Protected Area
4252:Tatasberg Mountain Succulent Shrubland
3754:Swartberg Altimontane Sandstone Fynbos
3336:Waterberg-Magaliesberg Summit Sourveld
3266:Southern KwaZulu-Natal Moist Grassland
3221:Northern KwaZulu-Natal Moist Grassland
3211:Northern Escarpment Quartzite Sourveld
3206:Northern Escarpment Dolomite Grassland
3201:Northern Escarpment Afromontane Fynbos
732:Marine protected areas of South Africa
714:Marine protected areas of South Africa
380:to South Africa along this coastline.
253:Marine protected areas of South Africa
5070:Subantarctic Drainage Line Vegetation
4821:Eastern Temperate Freshwater Wetlands
4262:Upper Annisvlakte Succulent Shrubland
4222:Southern Richtersveld Yellow Duneveld
4142:Northern Richtersveld Yellow Duneveld
3789:Western Coastal Shale Band Vegetation
3654:Northern Inland Shale Band Vegetation
3484:Eastern Coastal Shale Band Vegetation
3469:Central Coastal Shale Band Vegetation
3316:Vaal Reefs Dolomite Sinkhole Woodland
1718:Alderflies, dobsonflies and fishflies
828:
826:
350:The entire MPA is a controlled area.
7:
6077:List of nature reserves in Cape Town
5858:Free State National Botanical Garden
5652:Department of Science and Innovation
5615:uThukela Banks Marine Protected Area
5499:uThukela Banks Marine Protected Area
5128:KwaZulu-Natal coastal lowland forest
4257:Umdaus Mountains Succulent Shrubland
4182:Riethuis-Wallekraal Quartz Vygieveld
4152:Piketberg Quartz Succulent Shrubland
4027:Goariep Mountain Succulent Shrubland
3847:Hantam Plateau Dolerite Renosterveld
3784:Western Altimontane Sandstone Fynbos
3489:Eastern Inland Shale Band Vegetation
3474:Central Inland Shale Band Vegetation
3231:Northern Zululand Mistbelt Grassland
3081:Drakensberg Foothill Moist Grassland
2446:Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra
2315:Tropical and subtropical grasslands,
2077:List of slime moulds of South Africa
1000:The Living Shores of Southern Africa
41:
5667:iSimangaliso Wetland Park Authority
5550:Benguela Muds Marine Protected Area
5545:Benguela Bank Marine Protected Area
5525:Agulhas Front Marine Protected Area
5454:Robben Island Marine Protected Area
5439:Marcus Island Marine Protected Area
5434:Malgas Island Marine Protected Area
5424:Jutten Island Marine Protected Area
5235:Golden Gate Highlands National Park
5135:List of forests of the Western Cape
5113:List of forests of the Eastern Cape
5060:Subantarctic Cinder Cone Vegetation
3827:Central Mountain Shale Renosterveld
2673:Koranna-Langeberg Mountain Bushveld
2188:Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany Hotspot
1136:Marine biodiversity of South Africa
998:Branch, G.M.; Branch, M.L. (1985).
5918:Pretoria National Botanical Garden
5595:Protea Banks Marine Protected Area
5535:Aliwal Shoal Marine Protected Area
5530:Agulhas Muds Marine Protected Area
5469:Sardinia Bay Marine Protected Area
5419:iSimangaliso Marine Protected Area
4906:Subtropical Estuarine Salt Marshes
4022:Eenriet Plains Succulent Shrubland
3739:Stinkfonteinberge Quartzite Fynbos
3704:South Kammanassie Sandstone Fynbos
3624:North Kammanassie Sandstone Fynbos
3101:Eastern Free State Sandy Grassland
3031:Amersfoort Highveld Clay Grassland
2693:KwaZulu-Natal Hinterland Thornveld
2325:Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands
2300:KwaZulu–Cape coastal forest mosaic
2275:List of ecoregions in South Africa
14:
5898:Lowveld National Botanical Garden
5570:Childs Bank Marine Protected Area
5565:Cape Canyon Marine Protected Area
5494:Tsitsikamma Marine Protected Area
5398:Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area
5388:Bird Island Marine Protected Area
5383:Betty's Bay Marine Protected Area
5320:Gouritz Cluster Biosphere Reserve
5080:Subantarctic Fernbrake Vegetation
4202:Rosyntjieberg Succulent Shrubland
4097:Namaqualand Heuweltjie Strandveld
3887:Nieuwoudtville Shale Renosterveld
3867:Matjiesfontein Shale Renosterveld
3341:Western Free State Clay Grassland
3156:Lesotho Highland Basalt Grassland
3096:Eastern Free State Clay Grassland
2978:Western Maputaland Sandy Bushveld
2072:List of Oomycetes of South Africa
692:The MPA is in the warm temperate
368:The MPA is in the warm temperate
6164:
6154:
6153:
6051:World Register of Marine Species
5868:Hantam National Botanical Garden
5790:National Biodiversity Assessment
5408:Helderberg Marine Protected Area
5315:Cape Winelands Biosphere Reserve
4931:Upper Gariep Alluvial Vegetation
4891:Subantarctic Kelp Bed Vegetation
4846:Lower Gariep Alluvial Vegetation
4801:Cape Lowland Freshwater Wetlands
4796:Cape Lowland Alluvial Vegetation
4147:Oograbies Plains Sandy Grassland
4122:Namaqualand Spinescent Grassland
3952:Western Ruêns Shale Renosterveld
3882:Namaqualand Granite Renosterveld
3842:Eastern Ruêns Shale Renosterveld
3832:Central Ruêns Shale Renosterveld
3812:Baviaanskloof Shale Renosterveld
3729:South Swartberg Sandstone Fynbos
3724:South Sonderend Sandstone Fynbos
3714:South Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos
3709:South Langeberg Sandstone Fynbos
3649:North Swartberg Sandstone Fynbos
3644:North Sonderend Sandstone Fynbos
3634:North Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos
3629:North Langeberg Sandstone Fynbos
3351:Western Lesotho Basalt Shrubland
3346:Western Highveld Sandy Grassland
3326:Vredefort Dome Granite Grassland
3281:Steenkampsberg Montane Grassland
3226:Northern KwaZulu-Natal Shrubland
3146:KwaZulu-Natal Highland Thornveld
3076:Drakensberg Afroalpine Heathland
3066:Carletonville Dolomite Grassland
2973:Western Maputaland Clay Bushveld
2863:Poung Dolomite Mountain Bushveld
2698:KwaZulu-Natal Sandstone Sourveld
2305:Maputaland coastal forest mosaic
2057:List of bacteria of South Africa
1724:Booklice, barklice and barkflies
1076:
456:Robberg Peninsula from the south
275:
168:
161:
27:
5795:National Vegetation Map Project
5489:Trafalgar Marine Protected Area
5459:Rocherpan Marine Protected Area
5449:Pondoland Marine Protected Area
5158:Protected areas of South Africa
5108:List of forests of South Africa
5065:Subantarctic Coastal Vegetation
4921:Subtropical Seashore Vegetation
4911:Subtropical Freshwater Wetlands
4896:Subtropical Alluvial Vegetation
4866:Namaqualand Seashore Vegetation
4157:Platbakkies Succulent Shrubland
4112:Namaqualand Klipkoppe Shrubland
3987:Bushmanland Inselberg Shrubland
3947:Vanrhynsdorp Shale Renosterveld
3937:Swartland Silcrete Renosterveld
3922:Swartland Alluvium Renosterveld
3719:South Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos
3639:North Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos
3599:Matjiesfontein Quartzite Fynbos
3236:Paulpietersburg Moist Grassland
2898:South Eastern Coastal Thornveld
2843:Phalaborwa-Timbavati Mopaneveld
2618:Gauteng Shale Mountain Bushveld
2400:Montane fynbos and renosterveld
2395:Lowland fynbos and renosterveld
1769:Sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants
700:which extends eastwards to the
110:
107:42 km (16 sq mi)
55:
5479:Stilbaai Marine Protected Area
5403:Goukamma Marine Protected Area
5378:Amathole Marine Protected Area
5335:Magaliesberg Biosphere Reserve
4725:Richtersveld Sheet Wash Desert
4675:Alexander Bay Coastal Duneveld
4132:Northern Knersvlakte Vygieveld
4072:Lekkersing Succulent Shrubland
4067:Kosiesberg Succulent Shrubland
4062:Koedoesberge-Moordenaars Karoo
4047:Knersvlakte Dolomite Vygieveld
4037:Kamiesberg Mountains Shrubland
3927:Swartland Granite Renosterveld
3902:Robertson Granite Renosterveld
3331:Wakkerstroom Montane Grassland
3161:Low Escarpment Moist Grassland
3061:Bloemfontein Karroid Shrubland
2948:Tshokwane-Hlane Basalt Lowveld
2908:Soutpansberg Mountain Bushveld
2638:Gordonia Kameeldoring Bushveld
2335:Zambezian and mopane woodlands
2295:Knysna–Amatole montane forests
1830:Marine heterobranch gastropods
1:
5878:Johannesburg Botanical Garden
5863:Garden Route Botanical Garden
5464:Robberg Marine Protected Area
5413:Hluleka Marine Protected Area
5393:De Hoop Marine Protected Area
5203:Augrabies Falls National Park
5020:Southern Afrotemperate Forest
4995:Northern Afrotemperate Forest
4740:Western Gariep Lowland Desert
4521:Saldanha Limestone Strandveld
4441:Grahamstown Grassland Thicket
4167:Richtersveld Coastal Duneveld
4162:Prince Albert Succulent Karoo
4077:Little Karoo Quartz Vygieveld
4007:Die Plate Succulent Shrubland
3992:Central Knersvlakte Vygieveld
3877:Mossel Bay Shale Renosterveld
3852:Humansdorp Shale Renosterveld
3769:Swartruggens Quartzite Fynbos
3574:Kouga Grassy Sandstone Fynbos
3564:Kouebokkeveld Alluvium Fynbos
3216:Northern Free State Shrubland
3186:Mooi River Highland Grassland
2848:Pilanesberg Mountain Bushveld
2838:Olifantshoek Plains Thornveld
2828:Nwambyia-Pumbe Sandy Bushveld
2573:Barberton Serpentine Sourveld
1053:dffeportal.environment.gov.za
223:Robberg Marine Protected Area
6160:Biodiversity of South Africa
5719:National Research Foundation
5677:South African National Parks
5280:Table Mountain National Park
5270:Mountain Zebra National Park
5245:Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park
4831:Highveld Alluvial Vegetation
4745:Western Gariep Plains Desert
4720:Richtersberg Mountain Desert
4680:Eastern Gariep Plains Desert
4471:Koedoeskloof Karroid Thicket
4366:Crossroads Grassland Thicket
4277:Western Bushmanland Klipveld
4237:Swartruggens Quartzite Karoo
4092:Namaqualand Coastal Duneveld
4052:Knersvlakte Quartz Vygieveld
4012:Doringrivier Quartzite Karoo
3942:Uniondale Shale Renosterveld
3932:Swartland Shale Renosterveld
3917:Swartberg Shale Renosterveld
3907:Roggeveld Shale Renosterveld
3897:Peninsula Shale Renosterveld
3862:Langkloof Shale Renosterveld
3857:Kango Limestone Renosterveld
3817:Breede Alluvium Renosterveld
3779:Tsitsikamma Sandstone Fynbos
3524:Grootrivier Quartzite Fynbos
3271:Soutpansberg Summit Sourveld
3251:Sekhukhune Montane Grassland
3116:Frankfort Highveld Grassland
3071:Central Free State Grassland
3051:Besemkaree Koppies Shrubland
2888:Sekhukhune Mountain Bushveld
2502:Southeast Atlantic ecoregion
2410:Deserts and xeric shrublands
1120:Biodiversity of South Africa
1031:Regulation Gazette No. 42478
121:Marine protected area - 1998
5699:Biodiversity research in SA
5330:Kruger to Canyons Biosphere
5193:Addo Elephant National Park
4965:Maputaland Wooded Grassland
4881:Southern Kalahari Salt Pans
4786:Cape Estuarine Salt Marshes
4776:Arid Estuarine Salt Marshes
4735:Western Gariep Hills Desert
4685:Eastern Gariep Rocky Desert
4625:Bushmanland Sandy Grassland
4620:Bushmanland Basin Shrubland
4516:Saldanha Granite Strandveld
4371:Doubledrift Karroid Thicket
4242:Tanqua Escarpment Shrubland
4117:Namaqualand Shale Shrubland
4107:Namaqualand Inland Duneveld
4057:Knersvlakte Shale Vygieveld
3912:Ruêns Silcrete Renosterveld
3794:Winterhoek Sandstone Fynbos
3604:Matjiesfontein Shale Fynbos
3594:Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos
3514:Graafwater Sandstone Fynbos
3504:Garden Route Granite Fynbos
3459:Cape Winelands Shale Fynbos
3361:Wolkberg Dolomite Grassland
3311:uKhahlamba Basalt Grassland
3296:Tarkastad Montane Shrubland
3286:Stormberg Plateau Grassland
3181:Midlands Mistbelt Grassland
3166:Lydenburg Montane Grassland
3036:Barberton Montane Grassland
3021:Amathole Mistbelt Grassland
2968:Waterberg Mountain Bushveld
2833:Ohrigstad Mountain Bushveld
2628:Gold Reef Mountain Bushveld
2245:Maputaland-Pondoland Region
1736:Dragonflies and damselflies
6211:
6056:World Wide Fund for Nature
5714:Iziko South African Museum
5504:Walker Bay Whale Sanctuary
5285:Tankwa Karoo National Park
5218:Garden Route National Park
4955:KwaZulu-Natal Coastal Belt
4876:Southern Kalahari Mekgacha
4826:Fynbos Riparian Vegetation
4761:Albany Alluvial Vegetation
4645:Kalahari Karroid Shrubland
4615:Bushmanland Arid Grassland
4610:Blouputs Karroid Thornveld
4491:Motherwell Karroid Thicket
4451:Groot Brak Dune Strandveld
4361:Cape Flats Dune Strandveld
4102:Namaqualand Heuweltjieveld
4082:Namaqualand Arid Grassland
3872:Montagu Shale Renosterveld
3774:Swellendam Silcrete Fynbos
3699:South Hex Sandstone Fynbos
3679:Piketberg Sandstone Fynbos
3674:Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos
3619:North Hex Sandstone Fynbos
3589:Loerie Conglomerate Fynbos
3569:Kouebokkeveld Shale Fynbos
3559:Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos
3464:Cederberg Sandstone Fynbos
3419:Bokkeveld Sandstone Fynbos
3366:Woodbush Granite Grassland
3291:Strydpoort Summit Sourveld
3136:Karoo Escarpment Grassland
3131:KaNgwane Montane Grassland
3106:Eastern Highveld Grassland
3056:Bloemfontein Dry Grassland
3026:Amathole Montane Grassland
3016:Aliwal North Dry Grassland
2993:Zululand Coastal Thornveld
2893:Sekhukhune Plains Bushveld
2868:Pretoriuskop Sour Bushveld
2853:Polokwane Plateau Bushveld
2818:Northern Zululand Sourveld
2768:Mamabolo Mountain Bushveld
2763:Malelane Mountain Bushveld
2563:Andesite Mountain Bushveld
2507:Southwest Indian ecoregion
1875:Marine spiny-finned fishes
1049:"Protected Areas Register"
980:(Report). pp. 97–109.
250:
6149:
6072:Biodiversity of Cape Town
5981:
5970:
5704:
5693:
5223:Tsitsikamma National Park
5164:
5151:
5123:KwaZulu-Natal Dune Forest
5090:Subantarctic Polar Desert
4871:Namib Seashore Vegetation
4700:Kwaggarug Mountain Desert
4571:Vanstadens Forest Thicket
4511:Saldanha Flats Strandveld
4501:Oudshoorn Karroid Thicket
4486:Mons Ruber Fynbos Thicket
4481:Langebaan Dune Strandveld
4396:Escarpment Valley Thicket
4267:Vanrhynsdorp Gannabosveld
4197:Rooiberg Quartz Vygieveld
4172:Richtersveld Red Duneveld
3982:Anenous Plateau Shrubland
3977:Agter-Sederberg Shrubland
3972:Aggeneys Gravel Vygieveld
3822:Breede Shale Renosterveld
3764:Swartland Alluvium Fynbos
3744:Suurberg Quartzite Fynbos
3734:Southern Cape Dune Fynbos
3684:Potberg Ferricrete Fynbos
3664:Overberg Sandstone Fynbos
3659:Olifants Sandstone Fynbos
3584:Leipoldtville Sand Fynbos
3549:Kango Conglomerate Fynbos
3544:Kamiesberg Granite Fynbos
3534:Hawequas Sandstone Fynbos
3509:Garden Route Shale Fynbos
3371:Xhariep Karroid Grassland
3276:Soweto Highveld Grassland
3126:Ithala Quartzite Sourveld
3091:East Griqualand Grassland
3041:Basotho Montane Shrubland
2913:Springbokvlakte Thornveld
2903:Southern Lebombo Bushveld
2883:Schweizer-Reneke Bushveld
2813:Northern Lebombo Bushveld
2738:Madikwe Dolomite Bushveld
2733:Lowveld Rugged Mopaneveld
2678:Kuruman Mountain Bushveld
2658:Kaalrug Mountain Bushveld
2653:Gravelotte Rocky Bushveld
2643:Gordonia Plains Shrubland
2623:Ghaap Plateau Vaalbosveld
2583:Cathedral Mopane Bushveld
2540:
2534:Vegetation classification
2523:
2464:Southern Africa mangroves
2270:
2257:
2220:Drakensberg Alpine Centre
2178:
2161:
2114:
2103:
1692:Shorttailed whipscorpions
1170:
1165:National taxon checklists
1159:
1141:Temperate Southern Africa
1126:
683:(smooth hammerhead shark)
600:Lithognathus lithognathus
411:Sandy beaches and bottoms
138:
35:
26:
5903:Makana Botanical Gardens
5325:Kogelberg Nature Reserve
5290:West Coast National Park
5255:Mapungubwe National Park
5228:Wilderness National Park
5118:Forests of KwaZulu-Natal
5030:Southern Mistbelt Forest
5005:Northern Mistbelt Forest
4901:Subtropical Dune Thicket
4806:Cape Seashore Vegetation
4650:Lower Gariep Broken Veld
4561:Thorndale Forest Thicket
4541:Subtropical Dune Thicket
4526:Saltaire Karroid Thicket
4506:Overberg Dune Strandveld
4476:Lambert's Bay Strandveld
4391:Escarpment Mesic Thicket
3837:Ceres Shale Renosterveld
3694:Robertson Granite Fynbos
3689:Potberg Sandstone Fynbos
3669:Peninsula Granite Fynbos
3479:De Hoop Limestone Fynbos
3394:Agulhas Limestone Fynbos
3356:Winburg Grassy Shrubland
3321:Vaal-Vet Sandy Grassland
2723:Loskop Mountain Bushveld
2330:Southern Africa bushveld
2317:savannas, and shrublands
2285:Tropical and subtropical
1775:Silverfish and firebrats
1733:Cockroaches and termites
1151:Wildlife of South Africa
941:Jones, Georgina (2008).
834:"Marine Protected Areas"
584:Gymnocrotaphus curvidens
576:Diplodus sargus capensis
487:White-breasted cormorant
5025:Southern Coastal Forest
5000:Northern Coastal Forest
4985:Lowveld Riverine Forest
4960:Maputaland Coastal Belt
4690:Helskloof Canyon Desert
4655:Lower Karoo Gwarrieveld
4536:St Francis Dune Thicket
4531:Sardinia Forest Thicket
4426:Geluk Grassland Thicket
4386:Escarpment Arid Thicket
4336:Baviaans Valley Thicket
3614:Namaqualand Sand Fynbos
3434:Breede Quartzite Fynbos
3376:Zastron Moist Grassland
3256:Senqu Montane Shrubland
3246:Rand Highveld Grassland
3191:Mthatha Moist Grassland
3111:Egoli Granite Grassland
2958:Vaalbos Rocky Shrubland
2938:Thukela Valley Bushveld
2923:Swaziland Sour Bushveld
2808:Norite Koppies Bushveld
2793:Mopane Gabbro Shrubland
2788:Mopane Basalt Shrubland
2758:Makuleke Sandy Bushveld
2703:Lebombo Summit Sourveld
2608:Eastern Valley Bushveld
2287:moist broadleaf forests
2147:Timber trees of Gauteng
1880:Marine Perciform fishes
918:"Marine Protected Area"
720:Climate of South Africa
149:/robberg-nature-reserve
88:34.104583°S 23.402233°E
5853:Durban Botanic Gardens
5742:Animal Demography Unit
5260:Marakele National Park
5213:Camdeboo National Park
5208:Bontebok National Park
5075:Subantarctic Fellfield
4886:Southern Karoo Riviere
4766:Albany Dune Strandveld
4695:Kahams Mountain Desert
4581:Willowmore Gwarrieveld
4556:Sundays Valley Thicket
4496:Nanaga Savanna Thicket
4461:Hartenbos Dune Thicket
4436:Gouritz Valley Thicket
4356:Buffels Valley Thicket
4292:Willowmore Gwarrieveld
4127:Namaqualand Strandveld
4042:Klawer Sandy Shrubland
3759:Swartberg Shale Fynbos
3579:Kouga Sandstone Fynbos
3499:Elim Ferricrete Fynbos
3454:Cape Flats Sand Fynbos
3449:Canca Limestone Fynbos
3429:Breede Alluvium Fynbos
3409:Algoa Sandstone Fynbos
3404:Albertinia Sand Fynbos
3301:Tsakane Clay Grassland
3176:Mabela Sandy Grassland
3121:Income Sandy Grassland
2983:Western Sandy Bushveld
2878:Schmidtsdrif Thornveld
2798:Musina Mopane Bushveld
2753:Makhado Sweet Bushveld
2718:Limpopo Sweet Bushveld
2713:Limpopo Ridge Bushveld
2708:Legogote Sour Bushveld
2613:Gabbro Grassy Bushveld
2588:Central Sandy Bushveld
2418:Kalahari xeric savanna
2380:Mediterranean forests,
2210:Griqualand West Centre
1778:Stick and leaf insects
552:Chrysoblephus laticeps
518:Eretmochelys imbricata
457:
449:
420:
399:Rocky shores and reefs
395:
347:
269:and cultural values".
215:Robberg Nature Reserve
6065:Regional biodiversity
6021:Marine protected area
5747:BirdLife South Africa
5662:Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife
5275:Namaqua National Park
5198:Agulhas National Park
4975:Transkei Coastal Belt
4916:Subtropical Salt Pans
4861:Namaqualand Salt Pans
4791:Cape Inland Salt Pans
4771:Algoa Dune Strandveld
4665:Upper Karoo Hardeveld
4566:Umtiza Forest Thicket
4551:Sundays Mesic Thicket
4431:Goukamma Dune Thicket
4381:Elands Forest Thicket
4351:Buffels Mesic Thicket
4331:Albany Valley Thicket
3749:Suurberg Shale Fynbos
3539:Hopefield Sand Fynbos
3424:Boland Granite Fynbos
3151:Leolo Summit Sourveld
3046:Bedford Dry Grassland
2953:Tzaneen Sour Bushveld
2858:Postmasburg Thornveld
2748:Makatini Clay Thicket
2235:Sekhukhuneland Centre
2205:Cape Floristic Region
2183:Cape Floristic Region
2168:Biodiversity hotspots
1727:Butterflies and moths
836:. World Wildlife Fund
781:. World Wildlife Fund
608:Lithognathus mormyrus
483:Phalacrocorax lucidus
477:African oystercatcher
455:
447:
419:
394:
345:
257:Marine protected area
229:Environmental Affairs
118:Nature reserve - 1980
93:-34.104583; 23.402233
6041:Scuba diving tourism
6001:Encyclopedia of Life
5265:Mokala National Park
5250:Kruger National Park
4816:Drakensberg Wetlands
4710:Noms Mountain Desert
4660:Northern Upper Karoo
4546:Sundays Arid Thicket
4466:Kasouga Dune Thicket
4456:Hamburg Dune Thicket
4421:Gamka Valley Thicket
4341:Bethelsdorp Bontveld
4326:Albany Mesic Thicket
4287:Western Little Karoo
4087:Namaqualand Blomveld
4017:Eastern Little Karoo
3609:Montagu Shale Fynbos
3529:Hangklip Sand Fynbos
3519:Greyton Shale Fynbos
3414:Atlantis Sand Fynbos
3241:Queenstown Thornveld
3141:Klerksdorp Thornveld
2928:Tembe Sandy Bushveld
2783:Moot Plains Bushveld
2382:woodlands, and scrub
2172:Centres of diversity
1748:Jumping bristletails
1146:Western Indo-Pacific
1085:at Wikimedia Commons
632:Pachymetopon blochii
528:Dermochelys coriacea
320:The boundaries are:
233:Mohammed Valli Moosa
6031:Nature conservation
5340:Waterberg Biosphere
5240:Karoo National Park
4980:Ironwood Dry Forest
4926:Tanqua Wash Riviere
4856:Namaqualand Riviere
4705:Namib Lichen Fields
4670:Western Upper Karoo
4635:Eastern Upper Karoo
4630:Eastern Lower Karoo
4576:Western Gwarrieveld
4446:Grassridge Bontveld
4411:Fish Valley Thicket
4376:Eastern Gwarrieveld
4316:Albany Arid Thicket
4282:Western Gwarrieveld
4227:Steytlerville Karoo
4002:Citrusdal Vygieveld
3444:Breede Shale Fynbos
3399:Agulhas Sand Fynbos
3171:Lydenburg Thornveld
2688:Kuruman Vaalbosveld
2668:Kimberley Thornveld
2598:Dwaalboom Thornveld
2365:Highveld grasslands
2225:Soutpansberg Centre
1815:Non-marine molluscs
1683:Microwhip scorpions
945:. Cape Town: SURG.
656:Rhabdosargus holubi
648:Pomatomus saltatrix
640:Pachymetopon grande
619:(smoothhound shark)
568:Dichistius capensis
524:) - annual visitors
514:) - annual visitors
504:) - annual visitors
129:Governing body
84: /
5800:Reef Atlas Project
5657:Eastern Cape Parks
4836:Highveld Salt Pans
4781:Bushmanland Vloere
4605:Albany Broken Veld
4416:Gamka Arid Thicket
4406:Fish Mesic Thicket
4346:Blombos Strandveld
3554:Knysna Sand Fynbos
3494:Elgin Shale Fynbos
3439:Breede Sand Fynbos
2873:Roodeberg Bushveld
2773:Marikana Thornveld
2487:Benguela ecoregion
2345:Montane grasslands
1870:Marine bony fishes
1760:Net-winged insects
1649:Marine crustaceans
1131:Afrotropical realm
1024:"MPA Declarations"
811:. 29 December 2000
595:(garrick, leervis)
560:Cymatoceps nasutus
532:Leatherback turtle
473:Haematopus moquini
458:
450:
421:
396:
348:
287:. You can help by
267:ecosystem services
237:Government Gazette
192:territorial waters
6182:
6181:
6145:
6144:
6141:
6140:
6011:Low impact diving
5966:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5689:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5642:City of Cape Town
5623:
5622:
5147:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5085:Subantarctic Mire
4811:Cape Vernal Pools
4401:Fish Arid Thicket
2988:Zeerust Thornveld
2943:Tsende Mopaneveld
2933:Thukela Thornveld
2743:Mafikeng Bushveld
2683:Kuruman Thornveld
2633:Gordonia Duneveld
2519:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2492:Delagoa ecoregion
2482:Agulhas ecoregion
2474:Marine ecoregions
2253:
2252:
2157:
2156:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2094:
1904:
1903:
1860:Freshwater fishes
1825:Marine gastropods
1803:
1802:
1620:Marine cnidarians
1586:
1585:
1081:Media related to
952:978-0-620-41639-9
694:Agulhas ecoregion
616:Mustelus mustelus
603:(white steenbras)
534:) - rare visitors
502:Loggerhead turtle
493:Marine reptiles:
489:) - breeding area
479:) - breeding area
370:Agulhas ecoregion
305:
304:
184:
183:
57:Nearest city
47:Robberg Peninsula
6202:
6168:
6167:
6157:
6156:
6062:
5972:
5730:
5695:
5363:
5175:
5153:
4851:Muscadel Riviere
2998:Zululand Lowveld
2728:Loskop Thornveld
2578:Bhisho Thornveld
2551:
2525:
2281:
2259:
2240:Barberton Centre
2163:
2105:
1671:
1639:
1624:Marine flatworms
1452:Scrophulariaceae
1218:
1172:
1161:
1113:
1106:
1099:
1090:
1080:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1028:
1020:
1014:
1013:
995:
982:
981:
975:
966:
957:
956:
938:
929:
928:
926:
924:
914:
908:
907:
905:
897:
846:
845:
843:
841:
830:
821:
820:
818:
816:
810:
800:
791:
790:
788:
786:
775:
760:
759:
757:
749:
659:(cape stumpnose)
611:(sand steenbras)
555:(Roman seabream)
544:Cheimerius nufar
522:Hawksbill turtle
465:Marine mammals:
300:
297:
279:
272:
172:
171:
165:
153:
150:
148:
146:
144:
142:
99:
98:
96:
95:
94:
89:
85:
82:
81:
80:
77:
31:
19:
6210:
6209:
6205:
6204:
6203:
6201:
6200:
6199:
6185:
6184:
6183:
6178:
6137:
6121:
6083:
6060:
5977:
5958:
5937:
5844:
5837:
5815:
5814:Citizen science
5809:
5777:
5771:
5734:
5728:
5709:Bolus Herbarium
5700:
5681:
5629:
5619:
5508:
5357:
5355:
5353:
5351:
5344:
5306:
5299:
5184:
5182:
5180:
5173:
5160:
5139:
5100:
5094:
5047:
5039:
4990:Mangrove Forest
4946:
4944:
4942:
4935:
4749:
4596:
4594:
4592:
4585:
4321:Albany Bontveld
4307:
4305:
4303:
4296:
4192:Roggeveld Karoo
4187:Robertson Karoo
3963:
3956:
3798:
3380:
3306:Tsomo Grassland
3002:
2963:VhaVenda Miombo
2918:Stella Bushveld
2823:Nossob Bushveld
2778:Molopo Bushveld
2648:Granite Lowveld
2593:Delagoa Lowveld
2549:
2536:
2511:
2497:Natal ecoregion
2468:
2450:
2432:
2428:Succulent Karoo
2404:
2390:Albany thickets
2381:
2374:
2346:
2339:
2316:
2309:
2286:
2279:
2266:
2249:
2230:Wolkberg Centre
2200:Succulent Karoo
2193:Succulent Karoo
2174:
2153:
2110:
2091:
2045:
1930:
1900:
1838:
1820:Marine molluscs
1799:
1707:
1686:Pseudoscorpions
1669:
1637:
1582:
1360:Crossosomatales
1345:Ceratophyllales
1223:
1216:
1166:
1155:
1122:
1117:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1057:
1055:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1010:
997:
996:
985:
973:
968:
967:
960:
953:
940:
939:
932:
922:
920:
916:
915:
911:
906:(Report). 2017.
903:
899:
898:
849:
839:
837:
832:
831:
824:
814:
812:
808:
802:
801:
794:
784:
782:
777:
776:
763:
755:
751:
750:
746:
741:
717:
716:
715:
710:
696:to the east of
690:
680:Sphyrna zygaena
672:Seriola lalandi
498:Caretta caretta
463:
409:
356:
340:
318:
310:
301:
295:
292:
285:needs expansion
259:
249:
225:
217:
212:
200:Plettenberg Bay
180:
179:
178:
175:
174:
173:
139:
124:
92:
90:
86:
83:
78:
75:
73:
71:
70:
61:Plettenberg Bay
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6208:
6206:
6198:
6197:
6187:
6186:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6176:
6169:
6162:
6150:
6147:
6146:
6143:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6135:
6129:
6127:
6123:
6122:
6120:
6119:
6118:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6097:
6091:
6089:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6081:
6080:
6079:
6068:
6066:
6059:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6036:Nature reserve
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5982:
5979:
5978:
5975:
5968:
5967:
5964:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5956:
5951:
5945:
5943:
5939:
5938:
5936:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5849:
5847:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5819:
5817:
5811:
5810:
5808:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5781:
5779:
5773:
5772:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5738:
5736:
5727:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5705:
5702:
5701:
5698:
5691:
5690:
5687:
5686:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5633:
5631:
5625:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5516:
5514:
5510:
5509:
5507:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5369:
5367:
5360:
5346:
5345:
5343:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5311:
5309:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5231:
5230:
5225:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5189:
5187:
5172:
5171:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5156:
5149:
5148:
5145:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5138:
5137:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5125:
5115:
5110:
5104:
5102:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5051:
5049:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4951:
4949:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4757:
4755:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4601:
4599:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4312:
4310:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3968:
3966:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3808:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3390:
3388:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3010:
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2663:Kathu Bushveld
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2559:
2557:
2548:
2547:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2528:
2521:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2460:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2442:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2414:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2386:
2384:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2351:
2349:
2347:and shrublands
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2321:
2319:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2278:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2255:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2166:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2149:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1921:Brown seaweeds
1918:
1916:Green seaweeds
1912:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1817:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1675:
1668:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1645:
1643:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1609:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1513:
1508:
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1328:Caryophyllales
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2568:Aoub Duneveld
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2241:
2238:
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2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2215:Albany Centre
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2164:
2160:
2148:
2145:
2144:
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2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
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2113:
2106:
2102:
2088:
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2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1865:Marine fishes
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1831:
1828:
1827:
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1823:
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1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1772:Scorpionflies
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
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1613:
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1605:
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1599:
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1578:Zygophyllales
1576:
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1499:
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1492:
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1484:
1480:
1479:Euphorbiaceae
1477:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
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1408:
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1388:
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1385:Escalloniales
1383:
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1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
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1301:
1297:
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1280:
1277:
1275:
1274:Hyacinthaceae
1272:
1270:
1269:Asphodelaceae
1267:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1238:
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1229:
1227:
1225:
1219:
1213:
1212:Pteridophytes
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
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1183:
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1019:
1016:
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1009:0 86977 115 9
1005:
1001:
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766:
762:
754:
748:
745:
738:
733:
730:
727:
724:
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722:
721:
707:
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703:
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695:
687:
682:
681:
677:
674:
673:
669:
666:
665:
661:
658:
657:
653:
650:
649:
645:
642:
641:
637:
634:
633:
629:
627:spp. (mullet)
626:
625:
621:
618:
617:
613:
610:
609:
605:
602:
601:
597:
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516:
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488:
484:
481:
478:
474:
471:
470:
469:
466:
460:
454:
446:
442:
439:
435:
434:phytoplankton
431:
426:
425:
418:
414:
412:
407:
403:
400:
393:
389:
387:
381:
379:
375:
371:
366:
363:
361:
353:
351:
344:
337:
332:
329:
326:
323:
322:
321:
315:
313:
307:
299:
290:
286:
283:This section
281:
278:
274:
273:
270:
268:
264:
258:
254:
246:
244:
242:
238:
234:
231:and Tourism,
230:
222:
220:
214:
209:
207:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
164:
156:
152:
137:
134:
131:
127:
120:
117:
116:
114:
106:
102:
97:
69:
65:
62:
59:
52:
48:
45:
34:
30:
25:
20:
6171:
6158:Categories:
6126:Publications
5986:Biodiversity
5045:Subantarctic
5035:Swamp Forest
5015:Scarp Forest
4247:Tanqua Karoo
4032:Hantam Karoo
3804:Renosterveld
1926:Red seaweeds
1784:Strepsiptera
1603:Comb jellies
1573:Zingiberales
1553:Saxifragales
1533:Ranunculales
1474:Malpighiales
1370:Dioscoreales
1365:Cucurbitales
1350:Commelinales
1254:Aquifoliales
1056:. Retrieved
1052:
1043:
1034:
1030:
1018:
999:
977:
942:
921:. Retrieved
912:
838:. Retrieved
813:. Retrieved
804:
783:. Retrieved
747:
718:
702:Mbashe River
691:
678:
675:(yellowtail)
670:
662:
654:
646:
638:
630:
622:
614:
606:
598:
590:
587:(john brown)
582:
574:
566:
558:
550:
542:
537:
527:
517:
512:Green turtle
507:
497:
492:
482:
472:
467:
464:
430:benthic zone
427:
424:The open sea
423:
422:
410:
408:
404:
398:
397:
386:kelp forests
382:
374:Mbashe River
367:
364:
357:
349:
319:
311:
296:January 2019
293:
289:adding to it
284:
260:
226:
218:
204:Western Cape
196:South Africa
187:
185:
51:South Africa
6088:Legislation
5942:Taxonomists
5823:iNaturalist
5010:Sand Forest
4640:Gamka Karoo
1843:Vertebrates
1796:Webspinners
1730:Caddisflies
1654:Sea spiders
1633:Tardigrades
1615:Polychaetes
1607:Echinoderms
1496:Nymphaeales
1469:Magnoliales
1442:Acanthaceae
1405:Apocynaceae
1400:Gentianales
1340:Celastrales
1308:Brassicales
1303:Boraginales
1284:Orchidaceae
1264:Asparagales
1237:Alismatales
664:Sarpa salpa
635:(hottentot)
592:Lichia amia
579:(blacktail)
438:Zooplankton
112:Established
91: /
79:23°24.134′E
67:Coordinates
5996:Ecotourism
5637:CapeNature
5628:Management
4308:Strandveld
2423:Nama Karoo
2264:Ecoregions
1850:Amphibians
1781:Stoneflies
1766:Orthoptera
1680:Harvestmen
1666:Entognatha
1663:Millipedes
1660:Centipedes
1642:Arthropods
1548:Sapindales
1543:Santalales
1506:Pandanales
1501:Oxalidales
1432:Icacinales
1427:Huerteales
1422:Gunnerales
1417:Geraniales
1375:Dipsacales
1323:Canellales
1296:Asteraceae
1202:Lycophytes
1197:Liverworts
815:19 January
785:7 February
739:References
698:Cape Point
563:(poenskop)
360:CapeNature
354:Management
316:Boundaries
251:See also:
206:province.
141:capenature
133:CapeNature
76:34°6.275′S
5991:Biosphere
5843:Botanical
5816:databases
5352:protected
5305:Biosphere
3962:Succulent
3008:Grassland
2456:Mangroves
2143:Related:
1793:True bugs
1763:Notoptera
1695:Solifugae
1689:Scorpions
1674:Arachnids
1611:Nematodes
1600:Bryozoans
1597:Ascidians
1563:Vahliales
1558:Solanales
1528:Proteales
1511:Piperales
1447:Lamiaceae
1410:Rubiaceae
1333:Aizoaceae
1313:Bruniales
1291:Asterales
1279:Iridaceae
1222:Flowering
1192:Hornworts
779:"Robberg"
667:(strepie)
624:Mugilidae
571:(galjoen)
147:/reserves
6189:Category
5778:projects
5776:Research
5733:Research
5513:Offshore
5354:areas of
5307:reserves
5183:National
1909:Seaweeds
1896:Reptiles
1808:Molluscs
1787:Termites
1757:Mayflies
1754:Mantises
1491:Myrtales
1486:Malvales
1464:Liliales
1459:Laurales
1437:Lamiales
1380:Ericales
1355:Cornales
1259:Arecales
1247:Apiaceae
1232:Acorales
1182:Conifers
708:See also
688:Endemism
547:(santer)
338:Zonation
43:Location
5976:Related
5845:gardens
5805:SeaKeys
5366:Coastal
5181:African
4945:Coastal
4304:Thicket
2555:Savanna
2050:Related
1891:Mammals
1739:Earwigs
1721:Beetles
1712:Insects
1701:Ixodida
1698:Araneae
1628:Sponges
1591:Animals
1568:Vitales
1538:Rosales
1521:Poaceae
1395:Fagales
1390:Fabales
1318:Buxales
1242:Apiales
1058:10 July
468:Birds:
461:Animals
441:supply.
378:endemic
247:Purpose
210:History
202:in the
198:, near
5358:Africa
5350:Marine
5101:VEGMAP
5099:not on
4941:Forest
4754:Azonal
4597:desert
4302:Albany
3386:Fynbos
2530:Biomes
2438:Tundra
1790:Thrips
1516:Poales
1224:plants
1207:Mosses
1187:Cycads
1175:Plants
1006:
949:
923:26 May
840:24 May
538:Fish:
308:Extent
6173:Index
5828:iSpot
5356:South
5185:Parks
5179:South
5048:biome
4593:Karoo
3964:Karoo
1936:Fungi
1855:Birds
1745:Flies
1742:Fleas
1027:(PDF)
974:(PDF)
904:(PDF)
809:(PDF)
756:(PDF)
651:(elf)
235:, in
4947:belt
4591:Nama
2532:and
2170:and
1751:Lice
1060:2022
1004:ISBN
947:ISBN
925:2018
842:2018
817:2019
787:2019
263:IUCN
255:and
186:The
104:Area
4943:and
4595:and
4306:and
1035:647
291:.
194:of
145:.za
143:.co
6191::
1051:.
1033:.
1029:.
986:^
976:.
961:^
933:^
850:^
825:^
795:^
764:^
243:.
49:,
5415:I
2042:Z
2039:Y
2036:X
2033:W
2030:V
2026:U
2021:T
2016:S
2012:R
2009:Q
2005:P
2001:O
1998:N
1994:M
1989:L
1985:K
1982:J
1979:I
1975:H
1971:G
1968:F
1964:E
1959:D
1954:C
1949:B
1944:A
1112:e
1105:t
1098:v
1062:.
1012:.
955:.
927:.
844:.
789:.
758:.
530:(
520:(
510:(
500:(
485:(
475:(
298:)
294:(
151:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
