283:(ToM) abilities in deaf children. 176 deaf children of varying ages participated in the study, with some as old as eight years of age and some as young as three. The children either used American Sign Language (ASL) or oral English, and some had hearing parents, while others had deaf parents. The study concluded that "there was a significant delay on ToM tasks in deaf children of hearing parents, who typically demonstrate language delays, regardless of whether they used spoken English or ASL. In contrast, deaf children from deaf families performed identically to same-aged hearing controls (N=42)." Moreover, both understanding of syntactic and vocabulary were predictors of verbal and low-verbal ToM tasks success.
240:). The book also refers to the topics of education of deaf children, how deaf people assimilated into wider society, the natural development of ASL, the pros and cons of technology for deaf individuals, what can be learned from deaf societies in other countries, and what the deaf world holds in the future. This book is very popular for those who want to learn about the deaf world.
22:
332:, presented in memory of Frederick C. Schreiber, their first executive director, for the advancement of civil rights, human rights, and linguistic rights of Americans who are deaf and hard of hearing. He also received "The Distinguished Service Award" and "The Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet Award" in recognition of his commitment to the deaf community.
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view on deaf children. The majority of the text books focused on the idea that deaf people need to be cured, rather than focusing on the fact that deaf people have their own language and culture. From
Hoffmeister's viewpoint, there is no input in these textbooks from the deaf community, and in some
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He is an associate professor emeritus and the former director of the Center for the Study of
Communication and Deafness at Boston University. According to Boston University he has done studies in the following areas:"the acquisition of American Sign Language (ASL) by Deaf children; Deaf people as a
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Hoffmeister explains the lives of hearing children of deaf parents (HCDP). He relates HCDP's lives to living on the "border", and also examines the lives of minority groups in the US and their managing of two cultures. Hoffmeister explains that the concept of border refers to a Venn diagram, where
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Hoffmeister studies how deaf children think using ASL, as well as how hearing people acquire ASL as a second language, and the most difficult environments for learning ASL. He also developed the
American Sign Language Assessment Instrument (ASLAI), which began in 1988. This is used to measure the
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Hoffmeister, along with his coauthor
Courtney Shantie, determines that bilingual education for deaf children is the best way for them to learn. He argues that the best role models for deaf children are those who use American Sign Language (ASL) in early education, which means that deaf students'
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skills, including reading skills as well as literacy skills in
American Sign Language (ASL), which have only recently been identified. According to Hoffmeister, language and literacy skills in ASL in deaf education have not been recognized as having the potential impact of helping deaf children
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Hoffmeister shows how society views deafness. This book explains the information presented in special education text books to determine how issues surrounding deaf persons are presented. He evaluates thirteen special education text books to analyze whether it presents a
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acquire
English literacy skills, despite the fact that ASL is the most widely used language among deaf people in the US and Canada. Furthermore, the support of using ASL in the class room has not been agreed on because there is no shared written form of the language.
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he created the first university major and specialization in Deaf
Studies. He was a director of Programs in Deaf Studies until 2008. From 1979 to 2008, he was also director for the Graduate Program for Education of the Deaf and ASL/ Deaf Studies.
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Lane, Harlan, Ben Bahan, and Robert
Hoffmeister. A Journey into the Deaf-World. San Diego, Calif: DawnSignPress, 1996. Print.Lane, Harlan, Ben Bahan, and Robert Hoffmeister. A Journey into the Deaf-World. San Diego, Calif: DawnSignPress, 1996.
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minority group; problems in the education of the Deaf; the effects of implementing public laws on Deaf children; and the improvement of interactions between
Hearing parents and their Deaf children" His most well known written work is the book
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Sign-language names reflect the region of origin. Natural sign languages are not related to the spoken language used in the same region. For example, French Sign
Language originated in France, but is not related to French. Conversely,
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236:, Hoffmeister and his coauthors offer insights into the deaf world, the community that it is made up of, and the benefits brought to the community by the language it uses (
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is associate professor emeritus and former director of the Center for the Study of Communication & Deafness at Boston University. He is most known for his book,
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preschool teachers should be native signers. Additionally, he discusses the problems that exist using manual codes of English for the education of deaf children.
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Hoffmeister, Robert. "Cross-cultural Misinformation: What Does Special Education Say About Deaf People." Disability and Society. 11.2 (1996): 171-190. Print.
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He is currently director emeritus of the Center for Research and Training, a department of The Learning Center for Deaf in Framingham, Massachusetts.
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494:"Language and Theory of Mind: A Study of Deaf Children - Schick - 2007 - Child Development." Wiley Online Library. Web. 11 Dec. 2011. <
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components, classifiers and sentence level structure. Lastly, the chapter explains bilingual and bicultural programs in deaf education.
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Lane, Harlan, Ben Bahan, and Robert Hoffmeister. A Journey into the Deaf-World. San Diego, Calif: DawnSignPress, 1996. Print.
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different levels of signing skills in children who are deaf. Lastly, he studies how deaf children use ASL to learn English.
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Denotes the number (if known) of languages within the family. No further information is given on these languages.
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Another notable written work that Hoffmeister is known for is the chapter that he contributed in the book called
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Bornstein, Harry. Manual Communication: Implications for Education. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet UP, 1990. Print.
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Bauman, H-Dirksen L. Open Your Eyes: Deaf Studies Talking. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 2008. Print.
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both originated in English-speaking countries but are not related to each other; ASL however is related to
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Hoffmeister has received several awards. In 2010, he received "The Frederick C. Schreiber Award" from the
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the deaf and HCDP are not exclusive to each other, but have both overlapping and separate components.
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is written by two scholars, one of whom is deaf and one hearing, and Hoffmeister himself, who is a
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in the following year and his doctorate in psychology, and Language and the Deaf in 1978 from the
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with Brenda Schick, Peter De Villers and Jill De Villers. The article summarized their study on
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degree in Psychology and Language. He received his master's degree in Deaf Education from the
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168:. His parents were both teachers at the school and were both deaf. Hoffmeister attended the
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415:"Robert J. Hoffmeister » Academics." Boston University. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <
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ERIC – World's Largest Digital Library of Education Literature. Web. 11 Dec. 2011.
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Cross-Cultural Misinformation: What Does Special Education Say About Deaf People
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561:"VITA : Robert J. Hoffmeister." Boston University. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <
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http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01004.x/abstract
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Why Schools for Deaf Children Should Hire Deaf Teachers: A Preschool Issue
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cases there is active avoidance to include the viewpoints of deaf people.
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http://www.bu.edu/cscd/files/2010/12/Hoffmeister-Vita-2010.pdf
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from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
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http://www.bu.edu/academics/sed/faculty/robert-j-hoffmeister/
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Chamberlain, Charlene. Language Acquisition by Eye. Print.
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Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada
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Language and Theory of Mind: A Study of Deaf Children
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Robert J. Hoffmeister Home page at Boston University
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4619:World Association of Sign Language Interpreters
245:Manual Communication Implications for Education
4609:International Center on Deafness and the Arts
633:
393:"Robert J. Hoffmeister | School of Education"
350:"Robert J. Hoffmeister | School of Education"
290:Hoffmeister explains how deaf children learn
8:
455:A Journey into the Deaf-world [Book]
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53:about living persons that is unsourced or
124:Learn how and when to remove this message
4414:Manually coded language in South Africa
341:
160:Hoffmeister grew up at the residential
308:Open Your Eyes: Deaf Studies Talking,
7:
430:"Center for Research & Training"
1451:Creole Hawaiʻi Sign Language (CHSL)
4757:People involved with sign language
2764:Somalia, Somaliland & Djibouti
2378:Jamaican Country (KS/Konchri Sain)
14:
330:National Association for the Deaf
275:Hoffmeister co-wrote the article
4772:University of Connecticut alumni
4346:
4137:Sandy River Valley Sign Language
20:
4727:
4718:
4696:
4664:U.S. Army hand and arm signals
3748:Far North Queensland Indigenous
2370:Keresan Pueblo (KPISL/Keresign)
4485:Bilingual–bicultural education
3805:Western Torres Strait Islander
2879:Kata Kolok (Benkala, Balinese)
856:Western Torres Strait Islander
226:A Journey into the Deaf World,
1:
3557:Greenlandic (Ussersuataarneq)
2705:Adamorobe (AdaSL / Mumu kasa)
2567:Adamorobe (AdaSL / Mumu kasa)
2316:Greenlandic (Ussersuataarneq)
1823:Taiwanese (TSL/Taiwan Shouyu)
4777:University of Arizona alumni
2143:Providence Island (Provisle)
1793:North West Frontier Province
597:2010 Biennial NAD Conference
580:2010 Biennial NAD Conference
203:Journey Into the Deaf-World,
172:, graduating in 1970 with a
162:American School for the Deaf
31:biography of a living person
3743:Akitiri (Eltye eltyarrenke)
288:Language Acquisition by Eye
145:Journey into the Deaf World
58:must be removed immediately
4798:
4614:Mimics and Gesture Theatre
3823:Hawaiʻan (Haoilona ʻŌlelo)
3753:Arrernte (Iltyeme iltyeme)
2539:Trinidad and Tobago (TTSL)
2393:Hausa (HSL/Magannar Hannu)
1813:Japanese (JSL/Nihon Shuwa)
1207:Estonian (Eesti viipekeel)
224:His most well known book,
4692:
4369:
3859:Papua New Guinean (PNGSL)
2298:Hawaiʻi (Hoailona ʻŌlelo)
2108:Ktunaxa (ʾa·qanⱡiⱡⱡitnam)
1956:
1515:Kazakh-Russian (KSL/KRSL)
1279:
1192:
1141:
1010:Papua New Guinean (PNGSL)
1000:
919:
877:
665:List by number of signers
655:
205:which he coauthored with
170:University of Connecticut
4424:Paget Gorman Sign System
3878:Samoa and American Samoa
2668:Sign languages by region
2453:Ottoman (Seraglio/Harem)
2179:Albarradas Sign Language
2169:Al-Sayyid Bedouin (ABSL)
2002:Meciciya ka pekiskwakehk
1854:Martha's Vineyard (MVSL)
1818:Korean (KSL/Hanguk Sueo)
1070:Finland-Swedish (FinSSL)
684:Sign languages by family
4669:Monastic sign languages
4517:Television shows (list)
4490:Manually coded language
4323:Hamburg Notation System
2116:Shuswap (Secwepemcékst)
1362:Indonesian (Nusantaric)
1085:Finnish (Viittomakieli)
1022:Northern Ireland (NISL)
182:University of Minnesota
73:"Robert J. Hoffmeister"
4762:American Sign Language
4640:CHCI chimpanzee center
4409:Manually coded English
4107:Henniker Sign Language
3773:Warumungu (Warramunga)
3758:Warlpiri (Rdaka rdaka)
2752:Hausa (Magannar Hannu)
660:List of sign languages
238:American Sign Language
45:Please help by adding
4464:Signing Exact English
4404:Indian Signing System
4127:Plateau Sign Language
3501:Inuit (Atgangmuurniq)
3078:Tibetan (Bökyi lagda)
2608:Amami Shuwa languages
2281:Guatemalan (Lensegua)
2221:Tibetan (Bökyi lagda)
2200:Caucasian (Harsneren)
2148:Old Cayman (Guyanese)
1676:Norwegian (Tegnspråk)
1648:French Belgian (LSFB)
1080:Swedish (Teckenspråk)
230:child of a deaf adult
178:University of Arizona
140:Robert J. Hoffmeister
4712:French Sign Language
4419:Manually Coded Malay
4227:British (two-handed)
4163:Bimodal bilingualism
3793:Far North Queensland
3101:Ban Khor (Pasa kidd)
2623:Sri Lankan languages
2554:Venezuelan (LSV/VSL)
2458:Ban Khor (Pasa kidd)
1969:Chaticks si Chaticks
1949:Plains Sign Language
1867:Mayan (Meemul Tziij)
1369:Indonesian (Bisindo)
1047:South African (SASL)
770:Far North Queensland
593:"Recognition Awards"
576:"Recognition Awards"
543:www.asleducation.org
434:www.asleducation.org
198:bilingual/bicultural
51:Contentious material
2634:Tanzanian languages
2613:Ethiopian languages
2580:Nanabin (NanabinSL)
1671:Icelandic (Táknmál)
1386:Francophone African
1344:Puerto Rican (PRSL)
1202:Swiss-German (DSGS)
1133:Chilean-Paraguayan-
174:Bachelor of Science
4635:Baby sign language
4533:Jabbar Baghtcheban
4014:International Sign
3917:Brazilian (Libras)
3831:New Zealand (NZSL)
3778:Mudbura (Mudburra)
3706:Sandy River Valley
3685:Keresan (Keresign)
3276:Yugoslav (Kosovar)
2647:International Sign
2628:Sudanese languages
2251:Navajo/Diné Family
2065:Wíyut'a / Wíblut'e
1903:Original Thai Sign
1681:Danish (Tegnsprog)
1224:Brazilian (Libras)
1037:New Zealand (NZSL)
232:. Applying modern
164:in West Hartford,
4744:
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4737:extinct languages
4659:Legal recognition
4538:Jeanette Berglind
4498:
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4199:Nonmanual feature
4112:Martha's Vineyard
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3691:Martha's Vineyard
3186:Faroese (Teknmál)
2908:Al-Sayyid Bedouin
2718:Bouakako (LaSiBo)
2655:
2654:
2640:Zimsign languages
2618:Laotian languages
2502:Rwandan (AKR/AMR)
2261:Ecuadorian (LSEC)
2206:Azerbaijani (AİD)
2127:
2126:
1725:
1724:
1568:
1567:
1484:
1483:
1474:Cypriot (ΚΝΓ/KNG)
1179:
1178:
1107:Chinese (CSL/ZGS)
1093:
1092:
987:
986:
957:
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864:
863:
719:Eltye eltyarrenke
699:
698:multiple families
189:Boston University
136:American academic
134:
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34:needs additional
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4588:Pierre Pélissier
4573:Thomas Gallaudet
4548:Thomas Braidwood
4379:Initialized sign
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4350:
3835:Papua New Guinea
3738:Australian-Irish
3444:Plains Sign Talk
3324:Northern Ireland
3320:Northern Ireland
2843:Hong Kong (HKSL)
2664:
2443:Nicaraguan (ISN)
2358:Kenyan (KSL/LAK)
2174:Albanian (AlbSL)
1954:
1768:Bangalore-Madras
1749:Israeli (Shassi)
1717:Thai (TSL/MSTSL)
1627:Honduran (LESHO)
1495:
1353:Singapore (SgSL)
1289:Black ASL (BASL)
1277:
1217:Australian-Irish
1190:
1139:
1115:Hong Kong (HKSL)
1075:Portuguese (LGP)
1065:Eritrean (EriSL)
998:
917:
875:
813:
697:
680:
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635:
628:
619:
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583:
582:
572:
566:
559:
553:
552:
550:
549:
535:
529:
526:
520:
514:
508:
505:
499:
492:
486:
483:
477:
474:
468:
467:
450:
444:
443:
441:
440:
426:
420:
413:
407:
406:
404:
403:
389:
383:
380:
374:
370:
364:
363:
361:
360:
346:
129:
122:
118:
115:
109:
107:
66:
47:reliable sources
24:
23:
16:
4797:
4796:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4740:
4725:
4716:
4694:
4688:
4674:Tactile signing
4623:
4592:
4521:
4494:
4473:
4449:Signed Japanese
4395:
4388:
4361:
4354:
4328:Stokoe notation
4306:
4208:
4168:Phonology (ASL)
4146:
4081:
4075:
4033:
4002:
3901:Argentine (LSA)
3886:
3718:
3541:New Costa Rican
3536:Old Costa Rican
3436:
3434:
3428:
3312:North Macedonia
3113:
2804:
2739:Bamako (LaSiMa)
2669:
2651:
2601:Other groupings
2596:
2448:Old Costa Rican
2423:Burkina (Mossi)
2403:Mauritian (MSL)
2276:Ghardaia (AJSL)
2189:Argentine (LSA)
2152:
2134:
2123:
2088:
2071:
1943:
1925:
1897:
1861:
1827:
1799:
1760:
1753:
1721:
1688:
1658:Danish (Tegnic)
1652:
1631:
1610:
1589:
1564:
1539:Yugoslavic Sign
1534:
1505:Bulgarian (БЖЕ)
1490:
1480:
1469:Greek (ΕΝΓ/ENG)
1454:
1444:Hoailona ʻŌlelo
1437:
1420:
1407:Bamako (LaSiMa)
1388:(Françafrosign)
1387:
1381:
1357:
1329:Malaysian (BIM)
1271:
1264:
1239:Valencian (LSV)
1175:
1166:Paraguay (LSPY)
1157:
1150:
1134:
1128:
1089:
1051:
983:
953:
928:
912:
906:
870:Arab (Ishaaric)
860:
839:
811:
724:Iltyeme iltyeme
695:
692:
685:
675:
669:
651:
646:
609:
604:
603:
591:
590:
586:
574:
573:
569:
560:
556:
547:
545:
537:
536:
532:
527:
523:
515:
511:
506:
502:
493:
489:
484:
480:
475:
471:
452:
451:
447:
438:
436:
428:
427:
423:
414:
410:
401:
399:
391:
390:
386:
381:
377:
371:
367:
358:
356:
348:
347:
343:
338:
326:
317:
234:social theories
222:
158:
137:
130:
119:
113:
110:
67:
65:
44:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
4795:
4793:
4785:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4749:
4748:
4742:
4741:
4693:
4690:
4689:
4687:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4637:
4631:
4629:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4583:William Stokoe
4580:
4575:
4570:
4568:Valerie Sutton
4565:
4560:
4558:Abbé de l'Épée
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4519:
4514:
4508:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4492:
4487:
4481:
4479:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4469:Signed Swedish
4466:
4461:
4459:Signed Spanish
4456:
4451:
4446:
4444:Signed Italian
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4400:
4398:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4370:
4364:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4314:
4312:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4287:Serbo-Croatian
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4218:
4216:
4214:Fingerspelling
4210:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4085:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4047:
4045:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4010:
4008:
4004:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3995:
3992:
3987:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3966:
3961:
3958:
3953:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3937:
3932:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3911:
3906:
3903:
3898:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3879:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3833:
3828:
3825:
3820:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3800:Western Desert
3797:
3796:
3795:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3697:
3694:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3651:American (ASL)
3648:
3645:
3643:Old Salvadoran
3640:
3635:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3619:
3614:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3588:
3583:
3580:
3575:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3559:
3554:
3551:
3546:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3520:
3513:
3510:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3491:Maritime (MSL)
3488:
3483:
3480:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3460:American (ASL)
3457:
3454:
3449:
3446:
3440:
3438:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3406:Central Taurus
3403:
3400:
3395:
3392:
3387:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3366:
3361:
3358:
3353:
3350:
3345:
3342:
3337:
3334:
3329:
3326:
3321:
3318:
3313:
3310:
3305:
3302:
3297:
3294:
3289:
3286:
3281:
3278:
3273:
3270:
3265:
3262:
3257:
3254:
3249:
3246:
3241:
3238:
3233:
3230:
3225:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3204:
3199:
3196:
3191:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3175:
3170:
3167:
3162:
3161:United Kingdom
3159:
3157:French Belgian
3154:
3149:
3146:
3141:
3138:
3133:
3130:
3125:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3080:
3075:
3072:
3067:
3064:
3059:
3056:
3051:
3048:
3043:
3040:
3035:
3032:
3027:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
3001:
2996:
2993:
2988:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2967:
2962:
2959:
2957:Kazakh-Russian
2954:
2951:
2946:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2889:
2884:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2868:
2863:
2861:Indo-Pakistani
2858:
2853:
2848:
2845:
2840:
2837:
2832:
2829:
2824:
2821:
2816:
2812:
2810:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2794:
2789:
2786:
2781:
2778:
2773:
2770:
2765:
2762:
2757:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2728:
2723:
2720:
2715:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2670:
2667:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2631:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2574:
2569:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2473:Peruvian (LSP)
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2418:Miyakubo Shuwa
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2295:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2256:Dogon/Douentza
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2139:
2137:
2129:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2078:American (ASL)
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1939:Namibian (NSL)
1935:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1907:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1875:
1871:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1845:
1837:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1763:
1759:Indo-Pakistani
1755:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1735:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1662:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1606:Tunisian (TSL)
1603:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1576:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1560:Yugoslav (YSL)
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1546:Croatian (HZJ)
1542:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1501:
1499:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1465:
1463:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1446:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1417:Sierra Leonean
1415:
1412:
1409:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1342:
1340:Filipino (FSL)
1337:
1334:
1331:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1284:American (ASL)
1280:
1274:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1260:Romanian (LSR)
1257:
1256:
1255:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1197:Algerian (LSA)
1193:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1160:
1158:Uruguayan Sign
1152:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1146:Chilean (LSCh)
1142:
1136:
1135:Uruguayan Sign
1130:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1103:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1061:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1032:Maritime (MSL)
1029:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1001:
995:
989:
988:
985:
984:
982:
981:
976:
971:
965:
963:
959:
958:
955:
954:
952:
951:
948:
945:
942:
938:
936:
930:
929:
927:
926:
920:
914:
908:
907:
905:
904:
899:
897:Qatari Unified
894:
889:
884:
878:
872:
866:
865:
862:
861:
859:
858:
853:
847:
845:
844:Zendath Kesign
841:
840:
838:
837:
832:
827:
821:
819:
817:Western Desert
810:
809:
804:
799:
796:
794:Worora Kinship
791:
786:
779:
774:
773:
772:
762:
757:
750:
745:
740:
733:
726:
721:
716:
711:
703:
701:
687:
686:
683:
677:
671:
670:
668:
667:
662:
656:
653:
652:
647:
645:
644:
637:
630:
622:
616:
615:
608:
607:External links
605:
602:
601:
584:
567:
554:
530:
521:
509:
500:
487:
478:
469:
445:
421:
408:
384:
375:
365:
340:
339:
337:
334:
325:
322:
316:
313:
281:Theory of mind
221:
218:
157:
154:
150:deaf education
135:
132:
131:
55:poorly sourced
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4794:
4783:
4782:Living people
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4738:
4734:
4730:
4729:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4713:
4709:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4691:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4632:
4630:
4628:Miscellaneous
4626:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4597:Organisations
4595:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4553:Laurent Clerc
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4543:Pär Aron Borg
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4524:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4501:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4454:Signed Polish
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4439:Signed German
4437:
4435:
4434:Signed French
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4397:
4391:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4357:
4349:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4309:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
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4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4219:
4217:
4215:
4211:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4158:Grammar (ASL)
4156:
4155:
4153:
4149:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4044:
4040:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4007:International
4005:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3891:South America
3889:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3864:Rossel Island
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3854:Mount Avejaha
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3701:
3700:Navajo Family
3698:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3649:
3647:United States
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3431:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2776:South African
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2587:Yoruban (YSL)
2585:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2572:Bura (Burasl)
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2563:West African
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2549:Ugandan (USL)
2547:
2545:
2544:Turkish (TİD)
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2529:Spanish (LSE)
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2497:Rossel Island
2495:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2486:
2485:Qahveh Khaneh
2483:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2428:Mount Avejaha
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2388:Maltese (LSM)
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2311:Atgangmuurniq
2309:
2308:
2306:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2287:
2286:Guinea-Bissau
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2130:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2074:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1892:Cepeda Peraza
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:Highland Maya
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1805:Japanese Sign
1802:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1643:Flemish (VGT)
1641:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1622:Mexican (LSM)
1620:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1601:Italian (LIS)
1599:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1530:Russian (РЖЯ)
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1520:Latvian (LSL)
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1457:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1440:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1423:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1384:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1234:Catalan (LSC)
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1172:
1171:Uruguay (LSU)
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1017:British (BSL)
1015:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1002:
999:
996:
994:
990:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
966:
964:
960:
949:
946:
943:
940:
939:
937:
935:
931:
925:
922:
921:
918:
915:
909:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
879:
876:
873:
871:
867:
857:
854:
852:
849:
848:
846:
842:
836:
835:Ngaatjatjarra
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
822:
820:
818:
814:
808:
805:
803:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
784:
780:
778:
775:
771:
768:
767:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
755:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
738:
734:
732:
731:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
709:
705:
704:
702:
694:
688:
681:
678:
672:
666:
663:
661:
658:
657:
654:
650:
649:Sign language
643:
638:
636:
631:
629:
624:
623:
620:
614:
611:
610:
606:
598:
594:
588:
585:
581:
577:
571:
568:
564:
558:
555:
544:
540:
534:
531:
525:
522:
518:
513:
510:
504:
501:
497:
491:
488:
482:
479:
473:
470:
465:
461:
457:
456:
449:
446:
435:
431:
425:
422:
418:
412:
409:
398:
394:
388:
385:
379:
376:
369:
366:
355:
351:
345:
342:
335:
333:
331:
323:
321:
314:
312:
309:
304:
301:
296:
293:
289:
284:
282:
278:
273:
270:
266:
261:
256:
254:
253:morphological
250:
246:
241:
239:
235:
231:
227:
219:
217:
214:
212:
208:
204:
199:
193:
190:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
155:
153:
151:
147:
146:
141:
128:
125:
117:
114:November 2011
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75: –
74:
70:
69:Find sources:
63:
59:
56:
52:
48:
42:
41:
37:
32:
27:
18:
17:
4767:Deaf culture
4732:
4726:
4717:
4715:
4695:
4512:Films (list)
4429:Signed Dutch
4374:Contact sign
3819:Hawaii (USA)
3712:
3705:
3690:
3515:
3506:
3398:Swiss-German
3034:Saudi Arabia
2772:South Africa
2506:
2489:
2363:Somali (SSL)
2290:
2198:
2133:Providencia–
2112:Nesilextcl'n
2085:Oneida (OSL)
2047:Tickanwa•tic
2035:Schitsu'umsh
2017:Nųmą́khų́·ki
1931:Paget Gorman
1852:
1847:
1840:
1832:
1796:Punjab-Sindh
1744:Polish (PJM)
1739:German (DGS)
1615:Mexican Sign
1594:Italian Sign
1498:Russian Sign
1461:French (LSF)
1434:Oneida (OSL)
1348:Quebec (LSQ)
1333:Oneida (OSL)
1250:
1246:French (LSF)
1099:Chinese Sign
1057:Swedish Sign
781:
752:
735:
728:
706:
596:
587:
579:
570:
557:
546:. Retrieved
542:
533:
524:
512:
503:
490:
481:
472:
454:
448:
437:. Retrieved
433:
424:
411:
400:. Retrieved
396:
387:
378:
368:
357:. Retrieved
353:
344:
327:
318:
307:
306:In the book
305:
299:
297:
287:
286:In the book
285:
276:
274:
265:pathological
259:
258:In the book
257:
249:phonological
244:
242:
225:
223:
220:Publications
215:
202:
194:
186:
159:
143:
139:
138:
120:
111:
101:
94:
87:
80:
68:
57:
40:verification
33:
4654:Open Outcry
4578:Abbé Sicard
4563:Roger Fouts
4394:Signed Oral
4333:SignWriting
4181:Orientation
4151:Linguistics
4132:Pitha Pitha
3827:New Zealand
3763:Manjiljarra
3634:El Salvador
3394:Switzerland
3304:Netherlands
3144:Azerbaijani
3086:Old Bangkok
3026:Philippines
2714:Ivory Coast
2508:Sandy River
2246:Cuban (LSC)
2135:Cayman Sign
1984:Hinono'eino
1975:Coahuilteco
1960:Anishinaabe
1921:Old Bangkok
1842:Old Kentish
1771:Beluchistan
1731:German Sign
1712:Ho Chi Minh
1636:Old Belgian
1580:Dutch (NGT)
1319:Costa Rican
1212:Irish (ISL)
1156:Paraguayan-
947:Palestinian
830:Manjiljarra
825:Kartutjarra
760:Rdaka rdaka
754:Pitha Pitha
207:Harlan Lane
187:In 1980 at
166:Connecticut
4751:Categories
4679:Protactile
4318:ASL-phabet
4302:Portuguese
4204:Sign names
4189:Expression
4117:Old French
4102:Kalkutungu
4071:Name signs
4061:Literature
3998:Venezuelan
3972:Inmaculada
3964:Paraguayan
3956:Ecuadorian
3810:Yir Yoront
3661:Protactile
3638:Salvadoran
3630:Panamanian
3617:Nicaraguan
3594:Albarradas
3565:Guatemalan
3522:Costa Rica
3517:Old Cayman
3470:Protactile
3348:Portuguese
3316:Macedonian
3292:Lithuanian
3140:Azerbaijan
3109:Vietnamese
3066:Tajikistan
3054:Sri Lankan
2953:Kazakhstan
2923:Kafr Qasem
2874:Indonesian
2576:Mofu-Gudur
2514:Salvadoran
2491:Rennellese
2478:Inmaculada
2433:Mozambican
2383:Macedonian
2353:Kata Kolok
2343:Kafr Qasim
2302:Creole HSL
2053:Tsuu T'ina
2014:Niitsítapi
2008:Ni Mii Puu
1999:Maagiadawa
1963:Apsáalooke
1889:Trascorral
1573:Dutch Sign
1376:Yogyakarta
1336:Panamanian
1294:Protactile
1252:Old French
1229:Lithuanian
1185:Francosign
802:Yir Yoront
789:Warramunga
737:Kalkutungu
693:Aboriginal
691:Australian
548:2016-12-31
464:1035917948
439:2016-12-31
402:2016-12-31
397:www.bu.edu
359:2016-12-31
354:www.bu.edu
336:References
84:newspapers
4735:indicate
4396:Languages
4297:Ukrainian
4257:Hungarian
4242:Esperanto
4173:Handshape
4142:Warluwara
4082:languages
4066:Profanity
4029:Signalong
3994:Venezuela
3990:Uruguayan
3943:Colombian
3897:Argentina
3768:Warlmanpa
3729:Australia
3667:Blackfeet
3656:Black ASL
3613:Nicaragua
3561:Guatemala
3553:Greenland
3476:Blackfoot
3465:Black ASL
3433:North and
3424:Ukrainian
3382:Valencian
3364:Slovenian
3332:Norwegian
3288:Lithuania
3252:Icelandic
3244:Hungarian
3091:Chiangmai
3062:Taiwanese
3050:Sri Lanka
3046:Singapore
3042:Singapore
2999:Mongolian
2973:Malaysian
2870:Indonesia
2839:Hong Kong
2827:Cambodian
2784:Tanzanian
2660:By region
2216:Bhutanese
2011:Niimíipuu
1993:Karankawa
1916:Hai Phong
1911:Chiangmai
1702:Hai Phong
1694:Viet-Thai
1556:Slovenian
1525:Mongolian
1491:Hungarian
1427:Hand Talk
1394:Ethiopian
1322:Dominican
1316:Cambodian
1111:Shanghai
941:Jordanian
934:Levantine
913:Levantine
798:Yan-nhaŋu
783:Warluwara
777:Warlmanpa
743:Miriwoong
211:Ben Bahan
156:Biography
36:citations
4384:Mouthing
4360:Language
4343:ASLwrite
4267:Japanese
4222:American
4194:Mouthing
4185:Movement
4177:Location
4122:Old Kent
4088:Chilmark
4024:Monastic
3977:Peruvian
3960:Paraguay
3948:Provisle
3939:Colombia
3909:Bolivian
3869:Sinasina
3713:Henniker
3673:Cheyenne
3625:Chiriqui
3586:Honduran
3582:Honduras
3452:Belizean
3360:Slovenia
3344:Portugal
3210:Ghardaia
3194:Estonian
3173:Croatian
3136:Austrian
3128:Armenian
3082:Thailand
3030:Filipino
3022:Nepalese
3007:Ghandruk
2995:Mongolia
2991:Maldives
2987:Maldives
2983:Selangor
2969:Malaysia
2941:Miyakubo
2931:Japanese
2913:Ghardaia
2823:Cambodia
2780:Tanzania
2693:Cameroon
2689:Ghardaia
2684:Algerian
2519:Sinasina
2292:Henniker
2271:Ghandruk
2211:Belizean
2194:Armenian
2157:Isolates
2104:Kalispel
2101:A'aninin
2059:Wazhazhe
2056:Umatilla
2038:Shiwinna
2029:Piipaash
1978:Dane-zaa
1972:Cheyenne
1877:Yucatec
1848:Chilmark
1782:Calcutta
1666:Malagasy
1510:Georgian
1414:Nigerian
1411:Moroccan
1400:Ghanaian
1325:Jamaican
1311:Mandalay
1300:Bolivian
1270:American
962:Possible
944:Lebanese
882:Egyptian
748:Mudburra
714:Djingili
676:families
674:Language
315:Research
292:literacy
269:cultural
267:view or
62:libelous
4733:Italics
4684:Tic-tac
4526:Persons
4362:contact
4311:Writing
4292:Spanish
4282:Russian
4237:Chilean
4232:Catalan
4097:Jaralde
4080:Extinct
4051:Grammar
4019:Makaton
3986:Uruguay
3952:Ecuador
3935:Chilean
3927:Ka'apor
3905:Bolivia
3723:Oceania
3609:Mexican
3599:Chatino
3578:Haitian
3507:Plateau
3437:America
3435:Central
3420:Ukraine
3416:Turkish
3390:Swedish
3377:Spanish
3372:Catalan
3356:Russian
3300:Russian
3296:Moldova
3284:Latvian
3268:Italian
3256:Ireland
3248:Iceland
3240:Hungary
3224:Germany
3202:Finnish
3198:Finland
3190:Estonia
3177:Denmark
3169:Croatia
3165:British
3152:Flemish
3148:Belgium
3132:Austria
3124:Armenia
3105:Vietnam
3070:Russian
3012:Jhankot
2965:Laotian
2918:Israeli
2900:Kurdish
2887:Persian
2856:Bengali
2835:Chinese
2819:Bengali
2800:Zambian
2792:Ugandan
2756:Senegal
2743:Nigeria
2710:Nanabin
2680:Algeria
2592:Zambian
2468:Persian
2374:Kisindo
2333:Ka'apor
2323:Jhankot
2241:Chatino
2094:Plateau
2076:Mixed,
2068:Wyandot
2062:Wichita
2050:Tháumgá
2032:Ppáⁿkka
2020:Nʉmʉnʉʉ
1996:Liksiyu
1987:Hiraacá
1966:Arikara
1833:Kentish
1775:Bengali
1685:Teknmál
1585:Gambian
1553:Serbian
1550:Kosovar
1489:Austro-
1459:Mixed,
1442:Mixed,
1425:Mixed,
1403:Guinean
1397:Chadian
1373:Jakarta
1304:Burmese
1272:(ASLic)
969:Emirati
887:Kuwaiti
730:Jaralde
539:"ASLAI"
98:scholar
4648:Loulis
4644:Washoe
4478:Others
4277:Polish
4272:Korean
4252:German
4247:French
4092:Diyari
4056:Idioms
3913:Brazil
3882:Samoan
3844:Kailge
3788:Umpila
3733:Auslan
3696:Navajo
3680:Oneida
3676:Ojibwa
3621:Panama
3590:Mexico
3531:Brunca
3526:Bribri
3512:Cayman
3496:Quebec
3486:Oneida
3482:Ojibwa
3456:Canada
3448:Belize
3411:Mardin
3402:Turkey
3386:Sweden
3352:Russia
3340:Polish
3336:Poland
3328:Norway
3280:Latvia
3272:Kosovo
3232:Greece
3228:German
3215:French
3206:France
3181:Danish
3118:Europe
3058:Taiwan
2978:Penang
2949:Korean
2936:Koniya
2904:Israel
2851:Alipur
2815:Bengal
2796:Zambia
2788:Uganda
2768:Somali
2726:Kenyan
2697:Maroua
2674:Africa
2630:(~150)
2463:Penang
2408:M'bour
2398:Mardin
2348:Kailge
2338:Kajana
2307:Inuit
2231:Brunca
2226:Bribri
2184:Alipur
2164:Afghan
2120:Sqeliz
2005:Nakota
1883:Nohkop
1880:Chicán
1789:Nepali
1779:Bombay
1308:Yangon
1042:Samoan
1028:Fijian
1005:Auslan
993:BANZSL
950:Syrian
911:Iraqi–
902:Yemeni
892:Libyan
851:Meriam
765:Umpila
708:Diyari
462:
373:Print.
324:Honors
100:
93:
86:
79:
71:
4504:Media
4262:Irish
3982:Sivia
3931:Chile
3874:Wanib
3849:Mehek
3815:Yolŋu
3783:Ngada
3604:Mayan
3574:Haiti
3570:Mayan
3549:Cuban
3368:Spain
3308:Dutch
3264:Italy
3260:Irish
3236:Greek
3220:Lyons
3074:Tibet
3038:Saudi
3017:Jumla
3003:Nepal
2945:Korea
2927:Japan
2895:Iraqi
2847:India
2831:China
2760:Mbour
2734:Tebul
2722:Kenya
2701:Ghana
2559:Wanib
2534:Tebul
2524:Sivia
2413:Mehek
2328:Jumla
2041:Sioux
2026:Palus
2023:Omaha
1886:Nohya
1785:Delhi
1707:Hanoi
1119:Macau
979:Omani
974:Saudi
924:Iraqi
807:Yolŋu
498:>.
419:>.
105:JSTOR
91:books
29:This
4706:and
4338:si5s
3968:Peru
3922:Cena
3839:Enga
3670:Cree
3545:Cuba
3479:Cree
3096:Thai
2961:Laos
2891:Iraq
2883:Iran
2866:Naga
2809:Asia
2747:Bura
2730:Mali
2636:(7+)
2438:Naga
2266:Enga
2236:Cena
2044:Taos
1990:Icāk
1981:Diné
1761:Sign
565:>
460:OCLC
251:and
209:and
77:news
38:for
4708:BSL
4704:ASL
4043:ASL
298:In
4753::
4728:^c
4719:^b
4714:.
4697:^a
4646:,
4187:/
4183:/
4179:/
4175:/
595:,
578:,
541:.
458:.
432:.
395:.
352:.
213:.
184:.
152:.
49:.
4739:.
4650:)
4642:(
4351:)
4345:(
700:)
696:(
641:e
634:t
627:v
551:.
519:.
466:.
442:.
405:.
362:.
127:)
121:(
116:)
112:(
102:·
95:·
88:·
81:·
64:.
43:.
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