901:
1949:
1331:
465:. Whatever the type of work, the passionate soul of the author poured into it all of its feelings of dissatisfaction with a world that limited and frustrated the expression of its longings and worries, in relation to love, society, and country alike. They identified nature with spirit, and expressed it as melancholy, gloom, mystery, and darkness, in contrast with the neo-Classicists, who barely showed interest in the natural world. Insatiable cravings for passionate love, happiness, and the possession of the infinite caused in the Romantics a disheartenment, an immense disappointment that sometimes brought them to suicide, as in the case of
450:
911:
1593:
1697:, in 1893. He started his career in literature by reading verses at the funeral of Larra, with which he earned great fame. He married a widow sixteen years younger than him, but the marriage failed and, fleeing from her, he went to France and then to Mexico in 1855, where the emperor Maximiliano named him director of the National Theater. Upon returning to Spain in 1866 he was greeted with enthusiasm. He married again and, with constant monetary penuries, he had no other remedy but to sell his works unprofitably, like
1216:) arose out of the Romantic desire to emphasize the different and the peculiar, inspired by the French affinity for the same genre. Thousands of articles of this type were published, thus limiting the development of the novel in Spain, since narration and individual characters predominated in that genre, while costumbrist vignettes were limited to generic descriptions of personality types (bullfighter, chestnut seller, water carrier, etc.). Large anthologies of such vignettes were compiled, such as
320:
1413:, 1809âid., 1837), son of a liberal exile, soon conquered fame as a journalist. His character was less than agreeable. Mesonero Romanos, his friend, spoke of "his innate mordacidad, which carried few sympathies". At twenty he married, but the marriage failed. With total success as a writer, at 27 years of age, Larra committed suicide with a pistol to the head, it seems, for a woman with whom he maintained an illicit love affair.
396:
340:
685:
591:
1824:("The troubador"), a work which evoked an enthusiastic response from the public, though it obligated him to bid farewell to his current situation, instituting in Spain an effective custom from France. Thanks to his success he could rise above the economic difficulties with which he lived. On the explosion of the "Gloriosa", he joined with the revolutionaries, with a hymn against the Borbones that became very popular.
5238:
101:
1482:, his progressive, liberal education is clearly reflected, with hostile articles about absolutism and traditionalism. In some of these, Larra reveals his revolutionary exultation, as in the article which says "Asesinatos por asesinatos, ya que los ha de haber, estoy por los del pueblo" ("Murders by murders, since we must have them, I am for those of the people").
43:
383:, situated on the margins of Romanticism, and in an ironic position in relation to it. Costumbrism, born out of Romanticism, but as a manifestation of nostalgia for the values and customs of the past, contributed to the decadence of the Romantic movement and the rise of Realism, as it became bourgeois and turned into a style of description.
475:. The Romantics situated their sorrowful and disappointed feelings in mysterious or melancholic places, such as ruins, forests, and cemeteries. In the same manner, they felt attracted to the supernatural, that which escapes logic, such as miracles, apparitions, visions from beyond the grave, the diabolical, and witchcraft.
1676:
1896:
During the second half of the nineteenth century, the movement's pre-existing interests in history and legend entered a new stage, and poetry became more sentimental and intimate. This change was due to the influence of German poetry and a renewed popular interest in
Spanish poetry. The Postromantic
1567:
Romantic theatre tend to have plots with legendary, adventurous, knightly, and historical-national themes, with love and freedom as typical elements. Frequent motifs were nocturnal scenes, duels, shadowy, mysterious characters, suicides, and displays of gallantry or of cynicism. Events occurred at a
1495:
became popular. These works were disdained by the neo-Classicists for not following the rule of three parts (action, place, and time) and for mixing comic and dramatic aspects. Nevertheless, these works were successful outside Spain, precisely because they did not conform to the neo-Classical ideal.
878:
This composition consists of some two thousand verses of different lengths. It narrates the crimes of don FĂ©lix de
Montemar, whose lover Elvira dies of heartsickness when he abandons her. One night, he sees her ghost and follows it through the streets and contemplates his own burial. In the house of
1984:
which would eventually carry him to the grave. He fell desperately in love with Elisa Guillén, and she returned his affections, but the couple soon separated in a taxing process for the poet. In 1861 he married Casta
Esteban and worked as a columnist with a politically conservative slant. He later
669:
It was also a sign that a new spirit was inspiring the creation of verse. By contrast with the monotonous neoclassic repetition of songs and lyrics, poets proclaimed their right to use all existing variations on meter, to adapt those from other languages, and to innovate where necessary. In this
712:
and joined with a group of liberal exiles. There he met Teresa Mancha, the woman with whom he lived in London. After an act of political agitation, he returned to Spain in 1833. He lived a dissipated life, full of incidents and adventures, which caused Teresa Mancha to leave him in 1838. He was at
1021:
During the
Romantic period, there was a great interest in literary fiction, in particular, adventure and mystery novels; however, Spanish output of this type was scanty, limited to translations of foreign novels. More than a thousand translations circulated in Spain before 1850, in the historic,
1582:
The number of characters in a play increased. The masculine hero was usually brave and mysterious. The heroine was innocent and faithful, but having an intense passion. But both were marked for a fatal destiny; death is liberation. More importance was given to the dynamism of the action than the
1553:
The rule of the three unities, imposed on
Spanish literature of the Enlightenment, disappeared. Dramas, for example, could have five acts in verse, or in prose and mixed verse, with variable metre. If in neo-Classical works stage directions were unacceptable, this did not prevail in Romanticism,
1045:
During the first quarter of the century, four distinct types of novels developed: moral and educative novels, romances, horror stories, and anticlerical novels. The most purely
Romantic of these is the anticlerical novel. However, the Romantic influence would shape, principally, the historical
1916:
became more scarce as lyricism increased, and common themes were love and passion for the world in all of its beauty. Romantics began to experiment with new metric forms and rhythms. The homogeneity that the
Romance movement enjoyed was transformed into a plurality of poetic ideas. In sum,
1775:. Because of his liberal ideals, he suffered the pain of imprisonment. He emigrated to France and was named chief of the government in 1833 on his return to Spain. His politics of "right means" failed among the extremists on the left and the right. His contemporaries gave him the nickname "
481:. Their disgust toward the bourgeois society that they were forced to live in caused the Romantics to try to turn their back on their circumstances, imagining past eras in which their ideals prevailed, or taking inspiration from the exotic. In contrast with the neo-Classicists, who admired
1204:, a short prose article. These works were normally restricted to descriptive text, keeping argument to a minimum. They described the lifestyle of the era, a popular custom, or a personal stereotype. In many cases (as in the articles of Larra), the articles contain considerable satire.
1398:
a custom which would have a staggering and lasting success: that of publishing novels by delivery. The
Spanish press, always with their eyes on the press of their neighbors, hurried to copy this initiative; however, the height of this era in Spain would be between 1845 and 1855.
1560:
Theatrical action gained dynamism by using a variety of settings in the same production. Authors set their works in places typical of
Romanticism, such as cemeteries, ruins, solitary countrysides, prisons, etc. Nature corresponded to the feelings and states of mind of the
2196:
In the prologue of this work, RosalĂa explains that her book is the product of pain and disappointment. She does not sing of the physical
Galicia in these poems, but rather of her own suffering and the suffering of Galician people. She also deals with
828:
in 1840 after returning from exile. It is a collection of poems of different types, which brings together his youthful neoclassic poems with other, more intense, Romantic works. These last were the most important, and elevated marginalized types:
606:
The romantic poets created their works in the midst of a fury of emotions, forming verses out of whatever they felt or thought. Critics have found in their works a lyricism of great power, but at the same time vulgar, uninspiring verse.
574:. This publication defended moderate traditionalist Romanticism following Böhl's example, totally rejecting the virtues of Neo-Classicism. An exposition of the Romantic ideology appeared for the first time in its pages, in an article by
1842:(1806â1880). Son of a German cabinetmaker and an Analucian mother, he dedicated himself at first to his father's profession, but later consecrated himself to the theatre, where he obtained rotund success with his most famous work,
1393:
and Larra) they would mark the style of the era, though they had learned much in their years of exile from the advanced presses of the English and the French. In 1836, the French Girardin initiated in his newspaper
437:. Faced with the scrupulous rigor and order with which rules were observed in the 18th century, the romantic writers combined the genres and verses of distinct media, at times mixing verse and prose; in the
2117:
This work was developed during RosalĂa's stay in Castile while she longer for her homeland of Galicia. In Castile she felt like an exile because, according to her, there was little respect things Galician.
1004:
countryside, and from a very young age showed a talent for poetry. She married an American diplomat and lived in various foreign countries. Family misfortune prompted her to seek solitude and retreat in
1932:. They were not particularly well received in their contemporary society, the utilitarian and unidealistic Restoration, and were admired much less than writers who chose contemporary social themes like
1614:, 1865) struggled against the French invasion as a young man and gained political prominence as a progressivist. He was condemned to death for his liberal views but managed to escape to England.
4924:
971:
writer and poet of the 19th century. Although Cuban, she lived most of her life in Spain. She wrote various poems, plays, and novels. Her most famous work is an antislavery novel called
379:
focused on contemporary life, largely from the point of view of the "common" people, and expressed itself in pure, correct language. The principal author in the Costumbrist style was
1249:. He belonged to the Spanish Academy and was a gentle bourgeois. His ideas were anti-Romantic and he was a great observer of the life around him. He was famous under the pseudonym
900:
1904:
Poetry continued to be Romantic, while prose and theater adhered more to Realism. Romantic poetry slowly lost some of its popularity due to its concentration on emotive forces.
1625:. He lived in France during his exile, and returned to Spain a decade later in 1834. By his return, the Neo-classical liberal had morphed into a Romantic and moderate liberal.
3243:
3233:
1786:("The girl in the house and the mother in the mask"). Later, as he began to practice "right means", adopting the new, latent aesthetic, he wrote his most important works:
118:
1298:(The solitary one), and held high political office. Though known for his conservatism, in his youth he was a liberal. He published various poems and a historical novel,
2096:(The blue-booted cavalier) which had a philosophical and satirical bent. She is mostly recognized for her poetic contributions to Spanish literature. Her first books,
551:, who argued from a traditionalist, antiliberal, and absolutist point of view. Böhl de Faber's ideas were incompatible with theirs (since they were still tied to the
1546:
Drama was the most developed of the theatrical genres. All works contained lyrical, dramatic, and fantastical elements. Freedom ruled in all aspects of the theatre:
2294:, he stated his intention to arrive at an "art of ideas". In this way, a poem would have a clearly defined argument. He also tried to fulfill such ideas in the
1736:(1844), the most famous of his works, represents a tradition in many Spanish cities at the beginning of November. It discusses the theme of the famous joker of
1220:(Spaniards painted by themselves), (published in two volumes in 1843â1844, reprinted in one volume in 1851). Notable authors represented in this work are the
657:, displayed in all its manifestations and variations. Romantics often gave their poems mysterious settings, such as cemeteries, storms, the raging sea, etc.
1074:, and other novels of adventure set in the Scottish and English past. Spanish historical novels fall into two categories: liberal and moderate. Within the
1948:
708:, whose aim was to "demolish the absolutist government". Because of his involvement with this society, Espronceda was imprisoned. At age 18 he fled to
1264:(Memories of a 70-year-old), an allusion to the people and events he knew between 1808 and 1850. His costumbrist works were collected in the volumes
1164:(Treatise about Catholicism, Liberalism, and Socialism), published in 1851. His style has a solemn yet compelling tone, and provoked lively debates.
920:
In spite of the brief period during which romantic lyric poetry thrived in Spain, there arose other notable poets who deserve mention, such as the
3758:
1628:Ăngel de Saavedra held a number of important public posts. Like many contemporary writers, he began by adopting a neo-classical aesthetic in the
1554:
where they occurred frequently. The monologue took on new importance, becoming the principal means of expressing a character's internal struggle.
165:
137:
5183:
2836:
887:
This work was never finished. It consists of 8,100 verses of various meters, and it seems to be an epic of the human life. The second canto (
1330:
4854:
1667:
in 1835. 1,300 spectatores attended and witnessed the first Spanish Romantic drama, featuring such novelties as combining prose and verse.
53:
3276:
64:
1115:
was coming to be at its height. His novels were inspired by Basque traditions, and were set in the medieval era. His most famous work is
144:
3681:
1601:
1281:
1228:
1131:
4696:
2544:
3065:
1820:, in 1884. From an artisan family, he dedicated himself to words and, short on resources, enlisted in the army. In 1836 he released
184:
82:
3661:
151:
2239:
Many critics consider this work to be the apex of RosalĂa's poetry. It is the only one of the three major novels to be written in
449:
3656:
2953:
2058:
in 1837, de Castro was the bastard child of unmarried lovers, a fact that caused an incurable bitterness in her. While living in
1855:
1762:
1508:
1491:
Neo-classical theatre did not manage to have much effect on Spanish tastes. At the beginning of the 19th century, works from the
1135:
955:
935:
904:
528:
241:
1452:, Larra satirized the form of Spanish life. He felt a great pain for his imperfect mother country. Emphasis should be placed on
5198:
3717:
3367:
3362:
1378:), where there appeared not only social themes, but also customism outlines which were clear precedents of Larra's production.
307:
arrived late and lasted only for a short but intense period, since in the second half of the 19th century it was supplanted by
1354:(The European) (1823â1824) published articles about romanticism and, through the publication, Spain came to know the names of
1038:. Spanish prose essentially consisted of the novel, scientific or scholarly prose, journalism, and the intense development of
133:
3457:
2887:
2872:
2864:
217:
122:
4721:
3753:
3707:
1803:
1520:
1366:. However, the press was also an arm of the political fight. In this sense, we must emphasize the political satire press of
4116:
1416:
Though Larra is famous for his newspaper works, he also worked in other genres, like poetry, short neoclassics and satire (
5222:
5206:
5123:
4641:
5267:
4746:
3193:
2897:
2405:). Modernist thinking considers Campoamor as a symbol of the anti-poet, because of coarse, banal thinking such as this.
1240:
1224:
1160:
came from the liberal school, though later he defended Catholic and authoritarian ideas. His most important work is the
1148:
380:
265:
4651:
2469:
5262:
4994:
4809:
2963:
2912:
2122:
was a work of simple poems with popular themes and rhythms. She felt nostalgia for her homeland and desired to return:
2070:
2013:
1990:
1884:("The hair of the grove"). He satirized Romanticism, though some of its characteristics appear in his comedies, as in
209:
4929:
2447:), a long soliloquy on the miseries of the world, the existence of a superior, omnipotent being, politics, etc., and
2001:
died. BĂ©cquer reconciled with Casta but died months later in 1870 in Madrid and was buried along with his brother in
1082:
school produced, on occasion, novels exalting traditional and Catholic values. The most notable Spanish authors are:
4939:
4631:
3860:
3605:
3382:
3372:
2414:
1937:
1660:
645:, though frequently it is through a revolt against consequent compassion, even to the extent of exalting the devil.
308:
257:
249:
233:
4016:
1779:" (Rosita the baker), though he had been imprisoned, exiled and attacked in his fight for a much-desired freedom.
1107:
942:(1818â1848). Piferrer, in spite of writing only in Spanish, was one of the precursors of the romantic movement in
910:
111:
5178:
4859:
4578:
4529:
3738:
2829:
2077:. The marriage was not happy and the couple underwent economic hardship as they raised six children. She died of
1959:
1952:
1921:
1833:
1532:
1382:
595:
567:
548:
4789:
2782:
626:
a painful confession of love and disappointment, managed with great skill to translate his feelings into poetry.
5077:
4899:
4779:
4716:
4482:
4167:
3228:
2958:
158:
4849:
4656:
3946:
1621:
he met an English critic who taught him to appreciate Classical theater and set the stage for him to become a
1592:
1341:
1334:
1127:
1023:
931:
466:
1389:. The emigrants after the absolutist reaction of 1823 returned and together with the new generation (that of
4706:
4611:
4467:
3896:
3722:
3512:
3422:
2902:
2525:
DĂaz Larios, Luis F. (2001). "Notas para una poĂ©tica del cuento romĂĄntico en verso (con algunos ejemplos)".
1809:
1087:
571:
4096:
2155:
She also vented her anger toward Castile, which she considered an exploiter of the poor laboring Galicians:
5188:
5143:
5138:
4834:
4726:
4626:
4513:
4386:
4172:
4137:
3981:
3911:
3850:
3467:
3407:
3238:
2283:
2251:
she makes confessions about her private life, love and pain, human injustice, faith, death, eternity, etc.
2086:
2055:
1151:. The most representative authors were Juan Donoso CortĂ©s (1809â1853) and Jaime Balmes UrpĂa (1810â1848):
1092:
544:
454:
3712:
5193:
5158:
5148:
5082:
4909:
4884:
4844:
4794:
4691:
4544:
4391:
4203:
4060:
4001:
3835:
3830:
3784:
3651:
3587:
3537:
3296:
3258:
2943:
2892:
2869:
693:
57:
that states a Knowledge (XXG) editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
4376:
3748:
3301:
3223:
3208:
2273:
2105:
1933:
1471:
His French education prevented him from fostering his neoclassic tastes, and this is reflected in his '
1390:
1156:
679:
619:
891:) occupies the better part of the poem, and in it he evokes his love for Teresa and laments her death.
5241:
4914:
4814:
4731:
4263:
4188:
3966:
3901:
3865:
3743:
3600:
3567:
3547:
3321:
3286:
2988:
2928:
2822:
2049:
1998:
1929:
575:
552:
291:
275:
3697:
2774:
1732:, about the famous baker of Madrigal, which came to pass by way of don SebastiĂĄn, king of Portugal;
939:
5173:
5032:
4824:
4736:
4621:
4462:
4340:
4157:
3845:
3840:
3676:
3635:
3482:
3417:
3352:
3311:
3141:
2968:
1176:(Protestantism compared with Catholicism in their relations with European civilization) (1842) and
532:
225:
31:
4162:
2310:("witticisms") were short poems written for the albums and fans of his friends. One of them goes:
2201:, in which she expresses her regret and anger over being stripped of happiness and past illusions.
1846:("The lovers of Teruel") (1837). He continued to publish stories, poems and custombrist articles.
670:
respect, as in others, Romanticism prefigured the modernist audacities of the end of the century.
5229:
4949:
4711:
4701:
4586:
4477:
4371:
4213:
4075:
3971:
3941:
3931:
3779:
3577:
3266:
3158:
3099:
2877:
2548:
2487:
2436:
2012:, a work of twenty-one stories that are dominated by themes of mystery and the afterlife in true
1359:
200:
4111:
3991:
3188:
1772:
1640:, 1822). He gradually incorporated Romantic elements into his work as can be seen in works like
1111:(1818â1895), who wrote a series of historical novels when the romantic genre was in decline and
1713:, which are small dramas sung as narration in verse. The most important of these readings are
1444:. His works can be divided into three groups: customs, literary articles y political articles.
319:
5163:
5133:
5097:
5042:
4964:
4894:
4819:
4661:
4646:
4616:
4503:
4498:
4457:
4432:
4406:
4381:
4345:
4335:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
3886:
3855:
3799:
3794:
3610:
3595:
3517:
3402:
3347:
3271:
3218:
3183:
3136:
3039:
3029:
2993:
2859:
1925:
1607:
984:
914:
2427:
1903). He was also a governor and parliamentarian, and a minister as well. He wrote the play
1302:(Christians and Moors), though his most famous work is a collection of costumbrist vignettes
1147:
The majority of these works originated from the discussions in the assembly that adopted the
4944:
4934:
4769:
4666:
4591:
4508:
4472:
4350:
4325:
4320:
4152:
4021:
4011:
4006:
3996:
3986:
3961:
3926:
3891:
3814:
3789:
3763:
3427:
3357:
3306:
3203:
3105:
3044:
3034:
3017:
2978:
2973:
2948:
2261:
2244:
2240:
1905:
1897:
school departed significantly from its other European contemporaries, with the exception of
1724:
However, his recognition is owed more to his dramatic works. Dramas that stand out include
1684:
1174:
El protestantismo comparado con el catolicismo en sus relaciones con la civilizaciĂłn europea
1112:
1064:
1055:
2749:
JosĂ© de Espronceda y su tiempo. Literatura, sociedad y polĂtica en tiempos del romanticismo
2397:), 31 brief compositions, Campoamor describes the trivialities of the soul of woman, as in
2073:, but RosalĂa never felt tied to the region and ultimately managed to settle the family in
5168:
5153:
5128:
5052:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4889:
4874:
4829:
4764:
4636:
4606:
4452:
4447:
4330:
4253:
4243:
4193:
4101:
3976:
3870:
3809:
3804:
3671:
3615:
3532:
3522:
3342:
3326:
3281:
3248:
3071:
3009:
2998:
2074:
2063:
1980:
where he suffered hardships while trying to achieve literary success. At 21 he contracted
1741:
1367:
928:
328:
4549:
3487:
2882:
2798:
1993:. He separated from his not-so-faithful wife, became disillusioned and lived a dirty and
632:, with its sudden and total surrenders and quick abandonments. The agony and the ecstasy.
2809:
1420:, or "Satire against the vices of the court"); the theatre, with the historical tragedy
684:
445:(action, place, and time) was despised, and they alternated the comic with the dramatic.
5107:
5092:
5062:
5027:
5017:
4999:
4904:
4864:
4799:
4676:
4671:
4601:
4442:
4427:
4355:
4299:
4289:
4258:
4238:
4147:
4070:
4050:
4035:
3956:
3916:
3702:
3666:
3620:
3572:
3502:
3477:
3397:
3377:
3316:
3213:
3077:
3003:
1989:(a large sum for the time) while working as a novel critic, but he lost the job in the
1986:
1898:
1861:
1768:
816:
Espronceda worked in the principal literary genres, such as the historical novel, with
590:
1260:
His principal literary production was in the costombrist tradition; however, he wrote
1123:), in which the Basques and the Visigoths ally themselves against the Muslim invasion.
395:
339:
5256:
5102:
5067:
5057:
5037:
4969:
4919:
4784:
4774:
4559:
4534:
4422:
4396:
4294:
4284:
4065:
3936:
3542:
3472:
3447:
3437:
3392:
3092:
2456:
2279:
1027:
433:
5072:
5047:
5022:
4989:
4959:
4879:
4839:
4741:
4686:
4596:
4564:
4554:
4539:
4279:
4142:
4132:
4106:
3951:
3906:
3630:
3562:
3552:
3492:
3442:
3387:
3198:
3116:
3087:
2938:
2264:, given the decline of the Romantic movement and their contrary posture toward it.
2190:
1981:
1909:
1629:
1492:
1363:
1168:
1059:
1031:
993:
697:
540:
493:. Their favorite modes of expression were the novel, legends, and historical drama.
4437:
2790:
2290:, 1901), an ideological moderate, was a governor and parliamentarian. In his book
566:
from 1823 to 1824 by two Italian editors, one Englishman, and the young Catalans
5087:
4954:
4804:
4756:
4401:
4304:
4248:
4055:
3921:
3625:
3557:
3291:
3168:
3152:
3111:
3060:
2933:
2845:
2478:
2243:. At the time, it was held in low esteem outside of Galician territory, but the
2082:
1994:
1622:
1212:
1078:
school existed both anti-clerical and populist currents. On the other hand, the
1035:
1001:
972:
924:
502:
490:
486:
482:
376:
304:
100:
2699:
Entre pueblo y corona. Larra, Espronceda y la novela histĂłrica del Romanticismo
2683:
Los orĂgenes del romanticismo reaccionario español: el matrimonio Böhl de Faber
1917:
post-Romanticism represented a transition between the Romanticism and Realism.
1172:, however, belongs in the conservative, Catholic camp. Of his prolific output,
1000:, 1911) merits special mention. She spent a great part of her childhood in the
4208:
3527:
3507:
3497:
3146:
2983:
2656:
2420:
2037:
1872:, in 1873. He accepted his literary fate at a very young age, with works like
1865:
1690:
1386:
1355:
1126:
It is also worth mentioning the contributions to the historical genre made by
324:
1436:
Larra wrote more than 200 articles, behind the façade of diverse pseudonyms:
4869:
4198:
4080:
3412:
3131:
3121:
2752:
2692:
2616:
2066:
2033:
2021:
1347:
1022:
romantic, chivalrous, and melodramatic genres, representing writers such as
943:
921:
563:
510:
506:
17:
1287:
1096:
1103:, the best Spanish historical novel, written in imitation of Walter Scott.
539:(Mercantile Daily) of CĂĄdiz, in which he defended Spanish theatre of the
5009:
2435:), whose plot deals with the mysterious death of don Carlos, son of King
1913:
1813:
1709:
The literature of Zorrilla is prolific. His poetry reaches a zenith with
524:
2092:
Though de Castro was not prolific in prose, she achieved notoriety with
4681:
3432:
3023:
2653:"The internalization o Quest-Romance", en Romanticism and Consciousness
2002:
1965:
1737:
1070:
701:
599:
555:), despite the fact that they represented European Literary Modernism.
517:
438:
1675:
3126:
2759:
El teatro romĂĄntico español (1830â1850). Autores, obras, bibliografĂa
2742:
2732:
2722:
2712:
2702:
2676:
2666:
2646:
2636:
2626:
2606:
2596:
2586:
2576:
2566:
2424:
2287:
2078:
2059:
2029:
2020:, a collection of chronicles composed during his stay at the Veruela
1977:
1973:
1969:
1869:
1839:
1817:
1694:
1664:
1611:
1428:, about a Gallego troubador who kills a husband blinded by jealousy.
1410:
1291:
1246:
1006:
997:
964:
714:
709:
661:
520:
1659:, a play which premiered in the Teatro del PrĂncipe (the modern-day
2459:
contemplating, from a rock, the nations that followed in his wake.
1464:("Get married soon and badly", with autobiographic undertones) and
543:, and was widely attacked by the neo-Classicists. Against him were
1976:
but found his calling as a writer. At 18 years of age he moved to
1947:
1674:
1618:
1591:
1329:
909:
899:
683:
589:
448:
318:
3082:
2104:(To My Mother, 1863) possess some Romantic characteristics with
1468:("The crude Castilian", against the crudity of the countryside).
968:
311:, whose nature was antithetical to that of Romantic literature.
2818:
2024:. In a similar manner, all of BĂ©cquer's poetry is collected in
2814:
2069:
Manuel MurguĂa. The couple lived in various places throughout
535:, published a series of articles between 1818 and 1819 in the
390:
334:
94:
36:
30:"Romanticismo" redirects here. For the 1950 Italian film, see
713:
the point of marrying another lover, when in 1842 he died in
1306:(AndalucĂan scenes) (1848), containing descriptions such as
1162:
Ensayo sobre el catolicismo, el liberalismo y el socialismo
824:, but his most important work was his poetry. He published
665:, frequently associated with political and literary events.
54:
personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
1997:
lifestyle. In 1870 his inseparable companion and brother
1245:
RamĂłn Mesonero Romanos (1803â1882) was born and died in
1196:(literature of manners), which manifested itself in the
1744:(17th century) and other national and foreign authors.
1456:("Come back tomorrow" - a satire of public officials),
406:
350:
60:
1972:
and raised by his godmother. He dreamed of becoming a
1009:, where she died in 1911. Her most important work is
651:, value placed on marginalized people, such as beggars
1940:, though the latters have little critical relevance.
2551:, which was accessed in the version of 25 June 2006.
1475:, where he criticized the romantic works of the era.
879:
the dead, he marries the corpse of Elvira, and dies.
610:
Some of the characteristics of Romantic poetry are:
5116:
5008:
4755:
4577:
4522:
4491:
4415:
4364:
4313:
4272:
4181:
4125:
4089:
4043:
4034:
3879:
3823:
3772:
3731:
3690:
3644:
3586:
3456:
3335:
3257:
3176:
3167:
3053:
2921:
2852:
2563:
Historia de la Literatura Española. El Romanticismo
1782:His first works are full of neoclassicism, such as
125:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2260:These poets could also be considered adherents of
1771:. As a politician, he intervened fervently in the
1499:Romanticism triumphed in the Spanish theatre with
1099:1846. A lawyer and diplomat, he was the author of
1572:, as the neo-Classicists intended, but rather to
1062:(80 of his works had been translated), author of
2573:Historia de la Literatura Española. El Siglo XIX
196:
1912:, and poems became more personal and intimate.
298:• Literature subsequent to the Civil War
2247:brought the poems back into the limelight. In
1920:The most well-known poets of this period were
1568:dizzying speed. The point of drama was not to
2830:
2791:Sociedad de Literatura Española del Siglo XIX
1346:Throughout the 19th century, the role of the
8:
2685:, G. Carnero, Universidad de Valencia, 1978.
2108:verses. Her three most memorable works are:
1701:. The courts granted him a pension in 1886.
1543:), by the Duke of Rivas, had its premiere.
1385:in 1833, many important changes occurred in
793:enjoyments, happiness, successes, deliriums,
2810:La pintura teatral española en el siglo XIX
2719:Trayectoria del romanticismo español Madrid
2643:Historia del movimiento romåntico en España
1192:Between 1820 and 1870, Spain developed the
4040:
3173:
2837:
2823:
2815:
2089:, a suitable site for a lover of Galicia.
1606:Ăngel de Saavedra y RamĂrez de Baquedano (
1424:; and finally, the historical novel, with
473:Attraction of the nocturnal and mysterious
2663:Panorama crĂtico del romanticismo español
2605:, A. BĂ©guin, Fonde de Cultura EconĂłmica,
2032:(with rare exceptions), generally employ
2028:. The 79 poems are short, have 2,3, or 4
2008:BĂ©cquer's prose work is contained within
1767:MartĂnez de la Rosa (1787â1862), born in
1728:, about the death of the king don Pedro;
1651:Rivas' fame is largely based on his work
818:Sancho Saldaña o El castellano de Cuéllar
315:Traditional and revolutionary Romanticism
185:Learn how and when to remove this message
83:Learn how and when to remove this message
2085:in 1885, and her remains were buried at
1784:La niña en casa y la madre en la måscara
1350:was decisive. The Barcelona publication
1121:Amaya, or the Basques of the 8th century
2673:El Romanticismo: tradiciĂłn y revoluciĂłn
2629:, FundaciĂłn Juan March, Castalia, 1983.
2502:
1438:Andrés Niporesas, El pobrecito hablador
961:Gertrudis GĂłmez de Avellaneda y Arteaga
788:and the disaster and furor of passions,
760:de mi propia cosecha, que es mi fuerte.
730:por mar y tierra, lances, descripciones
485:antiquity, the Romantics preferred the
2439:. His most notable poetical works are
2361:of the crystal that one looks through.
1535:. But the key event was in 1835, when
740:y el desastre y furor de las pasiones,
5184:Romanticism and the French Revolution
2709:La Ă©poca del Romanticismo (1808â1874)
783:of countryside and cities, challenges
7:
2799:Romanticismo frente a Clasicismo en
2761:, P. Menarini, Bologna, Atesa, 1982.
1644:. His conversion became complete in
1426:El doncel de don Enrique el Doliente
1418:SĂĄtira contra los vicios de la corte
1218:Los españoles pintados por sà mismos
1117:Amaya, o los vascos en el siglo VIII
778:by sea and land, deeds, descriptions
123:adding citations to reliable sources
2755:, CrĂtica, 1989 (1ÂȘ ediciĂłn, 1974).
2510:GarcĂa Castañeda, Salvador (1987).
2455:), in which NĂșñez de Arce portrays
2441:La Ășltima lamentaciĂłn de lord Byron
2373:had philosophical ambitions, as in
745:goces, dichas, aciertos, desvarĂos,
704:. He founded the secret society of
134:"Romanticism in Spanish literature"
2783:El Romanticismo en don Quijote.org
2775:Biblioteca Literaria del Siglo XIX
2543:This article draws heavily on the
2445:The last lamentation of Lord Byron
1838:Hartzenbusch was born and died in
875:El estudiante de Salamanca (1839):
808:my forte: My own personal harvest.
25:
2575:(I), VĂctor GarcĂa de la Concha,
1719:To a good judge, a better witness
1326:Journalism: Mariano José de Larra
1286:CalderĂłn (1799â1867) was born in
861:). His most important works were
755:acerca de la vida y de la muerte,
5237:
5236:
2549:Spanish-language Knowledge (XXG)
2492:Evolution of Spanish literature.
2094:El caballero de las botas azules
1985:secured a monthly income of 500
1602:Ăngel de Saavedra, Duke of Rivas
1596:Ăngel de Saavedra, Duke of Rivas
1588:Ăngel de Saavedra, Duke of Rivas
1541:Don Ălvaro, or the Power of Fate
820:(1834), and the epic poem, with
773:Battles, tempests, love affairs,
637:historical and mythical subjects
394:
338:
99:
41:
2595:, Susan Kirkpatrick, Castalia,
2356:everything depends on the color
2351:nothing is either truth or lie;
1753:Francisco MartĂnez de la Rosa,
1657:Don Ălvaro o la fuerza del sino
1537:Don Ălvaro o la fuerza del sino
750:con algunas morales reflexiones
725:Batallas, tempestades, amorĂos,
692:Espronceda was born in 1808 in
110:needs additional citations for
2514:. Madrid: CĂĄtedra. p. 99.
2062:she met and later married the
1794:("The conspiracy of Venice").
1740:, written about previously by
1730:Traitor, Confessor, and Martyr
735:de campos y ciudades, desafĂos
426:Characteristics of Romanticism
1:
5207:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
2739:PoesĂa española del siglo XIX
2689:Los orĂgenes del Romanticismo
2615:, Gras Balaguer, Montesinos,
2483:General view of the movement.
1880:("Die and you will see") and
1876:("To the ancient smallpox"),
1856:Manuel BretĂłn de los Herreros
1850:Manuel BretĂłn de los Herreros
1763:Francisco MartĂnez de la Rosa
1636:, 1874) and dramatic genres (
1583:psychology of the characters.
1509:Francisco MartĂnez de la Rosa
1136:Francisco MartĂnez de la Rosa
956:Gertrudis GĂłmez de Avellaneda
950:Gertrudis GĂłmez de Avellaneda
936:Gertrudis GĂłmez de Avellaneda
905:Gertrudis GĂłmez de Avellaneda
2701:, G. GĂŒntert y J.L. Varela,
2645:, E. Allison Peers, Gredos,
2603:El alma romåntica y el sueño
2333:del cristal con que se mira.
1108:Francisco Navarro Villoslada
2735:, El Museo Universal, 1952.
2174:qu'antes os gallegos morran
798:with some moral reflections
562:was a journal published in
5284:
5124:Coleridge's theory of life
2729:De ilustrados y romĂĄnticos
2453:The vision of Friar Martin
2412:
2323:nada es verdad ni mentira;
2271:
2179:qu'ir a pedirvos sustento.
2169:castellanos que aborrezco,
2164:Premita Dios, castellanos,
2047:
2036:rhyme, and are written in
1957:
1853:
1831:
1801:
1760:
1726:The Shoemaker and the King
1682:
1599:
1432:Larra's Newspaper Articles
1339:
1282:SerafĂn EstĂ©banez CalderĂłn
1279:
1276:SerafĂn EstĂ©banez CalderĂłn
1238:
1229:SerafĂn EstĂ©banez CalderĂłn
1132:SerafĂn EstĂ©banez CalderĂłn
1058:developed in imitation of
982:
953:
863:El estudiante de Salamanca
677:
529:Juan Nicolås Böhl de Faber
29:
5216:
5179:Romanticism and economics
3194:Manuel AntĂŽnio de Almeida
2665:, Leonardo Romero Tobar,
2474:List of Romantic authors.
2346:In this treacherous world
1834:Juan Eugenio Hartzenbusch
1828:Juan Eugenio Hartzenbusch
1792:La conjuraciĂłn de Venecia
1533:Juan Eugenio Hartzenbusch
1501:La conjuraciĂłn de Venecia
1241:RamĂłn de Mesonero Romanos
1235:RamĂłn de Mesonero Romanos
1225:RamĂłn de Mesonero Romanos
1202:vignette of everyday life
967:February 1, 1873) was a
568:Bonaventura Carles Aribau
381:RamĂłn de Mesonero Romanos
2959:German historical school
2583:La ImaginaciĂłn romĂĄntica
2470:Spanish Romantic writers
2449:La visiĂłn de Fray MartĂn
2375:¥Quién supiera escribir!
2215:aquel brincar sin dolor,
1804:Antonio GarcĂa GutiĂ©rrez
1798:Antonio GarcĂa GutiĂ©rrez
1521:Antonio GarcĂa GutiĂ©rrez
1407:(The poor little talker)
3606:JĂłzef Ignacy Kraszewski
2691:, F. Garrido PallardĂł,
2675:, M. H. Abrams, Visor,
2633:El romanticismo español
2623:El romanticismo español
2585:, C. M. Bowra, Taurus,
2236:En las orillas del Sar:
2146:airiños, levaime a ela.
2141:airiños, airiños aires,
2131:Airiños, airiños aires,
2100:(The Flower, 1857) and
2016:fashion. He also wrote
1505:The Venetian Conspiracy
1409:Mariano José de Larra (
1403:Mariano José de Larra,
1320:Los FilĂłsofos del figĂłn
1262:Memorias de un setentĂłn
1194:literatura costumbrista
594:Sculpture dedicated to
5189:Romanticism in science
5144:Middle Ages in history
5139:List of Romantic poets
3851:Josiah Gilbert Holland
2635:, Ricardo Navas Ruiz,
2433:The bundle of firewood
2367:
2339:
2328:todo es segĂșn el color
2231:
2210:Aquelas risas sin fin,
2185:
2152:
2136:airiños da miña terra;
2087:Santiago de Compostela
2056:Santiago de Compostela
1960:Gustavo Adolfo BĂ©cquer
1955:
1953:Gustavo Adolfo BĂ©cquer
1944:Gustavo Adolfo BĂ©cquer
1922:Gustavo Adolfo BĂ©cquer
1868:, in 1796 and died in
1816:, in 1813 and died in
1808:Gutiérrez was born in
1757:(Writer of transition)
1755:escritor de transiciĂłn
1680:
1597:
1337:
1093:Villafranca del Bierzo
1088:Enrique Gil y Carrasco
917:
907:
814:
803:about life, death, and
766:
689:
622:, setting down in his
603:
549:Antonio AlcalĂĄ Galiano
505:came to Spain through
458:
455:Caspar David Friedrich
403:This section is empty.
347:This section is empty.
332:
63:by rewriting it in an
5159:Romantic epistemology
5149:Opium and Romanticism
3718:StojadinoviÄ-Srpkinja
2944:Counter-Enlightenment
2715:, Espasa-Calpe, 1989.
2579:, Espasa Calpe, 1998.
2545:corresponding article
2379:Who knew how to write
2340:
2318:En este mundo traidor
2312:
2220:aquela louca alegrĂa,
2204:
2158:
2125:
2018:Cartas desde mi celda
1968:in 1836, BĂ©cquer was
1951:
1908:declined in favor of
1860:Herreros was born in
1844:Los amantes de Teruel
1678:
1595:
1525:Los amantes de Teruel
1466:El castellano grosero
1405:El pobrecito hablador
1342:Mariano José de Larra
1335:Mariano José de Larra
1333:
1300:Cristianos y moriscos
1255:The talking bystander
1149:Constitution of CĂĄdiz
1128:Mariano José de Larra
1024:Alexandre Dumas, pĂšre
932:Nicomedes Pastor DĂaz
913:
903:
767:
719:
687:
593:
531:, father of novelist
479:Flight from the world
467:Mariano José de Larra
452:
443:rule of three unities
322:
5223:Age of Enlightenment
2865:England (literature)
2565:, Juan Luis Alborg,
2415:Gaspar NĂșñez de Arce
2409:Gaspar NĂșñez de Arce
1938:Gaspar NĂșñez de Arce
1882:El pelo de la dehesa
1715:Margarita la Tornera
1529:The Lovers of Teruel
1462:Casarse pronto y mal
1198:cuadro de costumbres
1101:El señor de Bembibre
553:Age of Enlightenment
545:JosĂ© JoaquĂn de Mora
119:improve this article
5268:Romantic literature
5174:Romantic psychology
2969:Hudson River School
2913:Sweden (literature)
2898:Russia (literature)
2625:, Vicente Llorens,
2512:Romances histĂłricos
2383:El gaitero de GijĂłn
2249:Las orillas del Sar
1874:A la vejez viruelas
1777:Rosita la pastelera
1693:, 1817 and died in
1646:Romances histĂłricos
1454:Vuelva usted mañana
1381:After the death of
1312:La feria de Mairena
1270:Escenas matritenses
1266:Panorama matritense
1251:El curioso parlante
1227:and the Andalusian
859:Song of the Cossack
226:Miguel de Cervantes
210:Medieval literature
201:Literature of Spain
32:Romanticismo (film)
5263:Spanish literature
3159:White Mountain art
3100:Historical fiction
2908:Spain (literature)
2488:Spanish literature
2437:Philip II of Spain
2387:The piper of GijĂłn
2274:RamĂłn de Campoamor
2268:RamĂłn de Campoamor
2256:Antiromantic poets
2114:Cantares gallegos:
1991:revolution of 1868
1956:
1934:RamĂłn de Campoamor
1901:'s German poetry.
1681:
1598:
1480:political articles
1450:customism articles
1391:José de Espronceda
1338:
1316:Un baile en Triana
1294:. He was known as
1157:Juan Donoso Cortés
963:(March 23, 1814 â
918:
908:
835:Song of the Pirate
831:CanciĂłn del pirata
694:Pajares de la Vega
690:
688:José de Espronceda
680:José de Espronceda
674:José de Espronceda
649:Social vindication
620:José de Espronceda
618:, the inner self.
604:
516:In AndalucĂa, the
459:
333:
65:encyclopedic style
52:is written like a
5250:
5249:
5164:Romantic medicine
5134:List of romantics
4573:
4572:
4224:Felix Mendelssohn
4219:Fanny Mendelssohn
4030:
4029:
3744:RosalĂa de Castro
3682:Soares dos Passos
3030:Transcendentalism
2994:Nazarene movement
2954:DĂŒsseldorf School
2711:, H. Juretschke,
2669:, Castalia, 1994.
2403:The Express Train
2241:Castilian Spanish
2120:Cantares gallegos
2050:RosalĂa de Castro
2044:RosalĂa de Castro
1930:RosalĂa de Castro
1473:literary articles
1458:Corridas de toros
1180:(1845) stand out.
1143:Scholarly writing
1050:Historical novels
990:Carolina Coronado
985:Carolina Coronado
979:Carolina Coronado
927:(1805â1873), the
915:Carolina Coronado
572:RamĂłn LĂłpez Soler
423:
422:
367:
366:
302:
301:
292:Generation of '27
276:Generation of '98
195:
194:
187:
169:
93:
92:
85:
27:Artistic movement
16:(Redirected from
5275:
5240:
5239:
5199:Evolution theory
4041:
3174:
3035:Ukrainian school
2839:
2832:
2825:
2816:
2808:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2773:
2745:, CĂĄtedra, 1985.
2725:, CrĂtica, 1983.
2639:, CĂĄtedra, 1982.
2535:
2534:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2507:
2245:Generation of 98
2225:¿por qué acabóu?
1734:Don Juan Tenorio
1699:Don Juan Tenorio
1460:("Bull races"),
1304:Escenas analuzas
1056:historical novel
938:(1814â1873) and
884:El diablo mundo:
855:Canto del cosaco
537:Diario Mercantil
533:FernĂĄn Caballero
418:
415:
405:You can help by
398:
391:
387:Historic context
362:
359:
349:You can help by
342:
335:
197:
190:
183:
179:
176:
170:
168:
127:
103:
95:
88:
81:
77:
74:
68:
45:
44:
37:
21:
5283:
5282:
5278:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5273:
5272:
5253:
5252:
5251:
5246:
5245:
5234:
5226:
5212:
5169:Romantic poetry
5154:Romantic ballet
5129:German idealism
5112:
5078:Lacoue-Labarthe
5004:
4751:
4569:
4518:
4487:
4468:Rimsky-Korsakov
4411:
4360:
4309:
4268:
4177:
4121:
4085:
4026:
3875:
3819:
3768:
3727:
3686:
3640:
3582:
3523:Maria Edgeworth
3459:
3452:
3331:
3253:
3163:
3142:Romantic genius
3072:Gesamtkunstwerk
3049:
3010:Sturm und Drang
2917:
2848:
2843:
2806:
2795:
2787:
2779:
2771:
2768:
2659:, Norton, 1970.
2649:, 1954, 2 vols.
2613:El Romanticismo
2569:, Gredos, 1980.
2559:
2539:
2538:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2499:
2465:
2417:
2411:
2399:El tren expreso
2391:Pequeños poemas
2304:Pequeños poemas
2276:
2270:
2258:
2052:
2046:
1962:
1946:
1894:
1892:Postromanticism
1886:Muérete y verås
1878:Muérete y verås
1858:
1852:
1836:
1830:
1806:
1800:
1773:Cortes of CĂĄdiz
1765:
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1750:
1742:Tirso de Molina
1687:
1673:
1655:and especially
1604:
1590:
1489:
1440:and above all,
1368:Trienio Liberal
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867:El diablo mundo
843:The Executioner
696:, located near
682:
676:
635:Inspiration by
630:Passionate love
588:
576:Luigi Monteggia
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329:Thomas Phillips
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61:help improve it
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3078:Gothic fiction
3075:
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3066:British Marine
3063:
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2964:Gothic revival
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2766:External links
2764:
2763:
2762:
2756:
2751:, R. Marrast,
2746:
2741:, J. Urrutia,
2736:
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2716:
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2695:, Labor, 1968.
2686:
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2593:Las RomĂĄnticas
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2429:El haz de leña
2413:Main article:
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1899:Heinrich Heine
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940:Pablo Piferrer
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889:Canto a Teresa
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3548:Mary Robinson
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3277:Chateaubriand
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3110:
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3106:Mal du siĂšcle
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2747:
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2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:, P. Sebold,
2730:
2727:
2724:
2721:, P. Sebold,
2720:
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2458:
2457:Martin Luther
2454:
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2430:
2426:
2423:, 1834–
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2302:, and in the
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2193:(New leaves):
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2019:
2015:
2011:
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1748:Other authors
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1696:
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1686:
1685:José Zorrilla
1679:José Zorrilla
1677:
1671:José Zorrilla
1670:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1649:
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1643:
1642:El desterrado
1639:
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1522:
1518:
1517:The Troubador
1514:
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1061:
1057:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1028:Chateaubriand
1025:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
986:
978:
976:
974:
970:
966:
962:
957:
949:
947:
945:
941:
937:
934:(1811â1863),
933:
930:
926:
923:
916:
912:
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902:
895:
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477:
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468:
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460:
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451:
444:
440:
436:
435:
434:Neoclassicism
432:Rejection of
430:
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425:
417:
408:
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400:
397:
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386:
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251:
247:
246:
243:
242:Enlightenment
239:
238:
235:
231:
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227:
223:
222:
219:
215:
214:
211:
207:
206:
202:
199:
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186:
178:
167:
164:
160:
157:
153:
150:
146:
143:
139:
136: â
135:
131:
130:Find sources:
124:
120:
114:
113:
108:This article
106:
102:
97:
96:
87:
84:
76:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
5235:
5228:
5221:
5205:
4925:Porto-Alegre
4579:Philosophers
4463:Rachmaninoff
3912:Chavchavadze
3902:Baratashvili
3662:JoĂŁo de Deus
3631:Wincenty Pol
3423:KĂŒchelbecker
3151:
3117:Noble savage
3104:
3070:
3045:Wallenrodism
3022:
3008:
2939:Coppet group
2907:
2873:(literature)
2807:(in Spanish)
2800:
2796:(in Spanish)
2788:(in Spanish)
2780:(in Spanish)
2772:(in Spanish)
2758:
2748:
2738:
2728:
2718:
2708:
2705:, UCM, 1986.
2698:
2688:
2682:
2672:
2662:
2655:, H. Bloom,
2652:
2642:
2632:
2622:
2612:
2602:
2592:
2582:
2572:
2562:
2557:Bibliography
2542:
2530:
2526:
2520:
2511:
2505:
2486:
2477:
2468:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2432:
2428:
2418:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2368:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2277:
2259:
2248:
2235:
2234:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2198:
2191:Follas novas
2189:
2188:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2106:Esproncedian
2101:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2053:
2025:
2017:
2009:
2007:
1982:tuberculosis
1963:
1919:
1903:
1895:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1859:
1843:
1837:
1821:
1807:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1781:
1776:
1766:
1754:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1688:
1656:
1652:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1616:
1605:
1579:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1528:
1524:
1516:
1512:
1504:
1500:
1498:
1493:Siglo de Oro
1490:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1415:
1404:
1402:
1401:
1395:
1383:Fernando VII
1380:
1375:
1371:
1364:Walter Scott
1351:
1345:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:El solitario
1295:
1290:and died in
1285:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1208:Costumbrismo
1207:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1191:
1185:
1177:
1173:
1169:Jaime Balmes
1167:
1161:
1155:
1146:
1120:
1116:
1106:
1100:
1086:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1060:Walter Scott
1053:
1044:
1040:costumbrismo
1039:
1032:Walter Scott
1020:
1010:
1002:Extremaduran
994:Almendralejo
989:
988:
960:
959:
919:
888:
883:
882:
874:
873:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
825:
821:
817:
815:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
705:
698:Almendralejo
691:
668:
660:
654:
648:
642:
636:
629:
623:
615:
609:
605:
580:Romanticismo
579:
559:
557:
541:Siglo de Oro
536:
515:
501:
478:
472:
463:Subjectivism
462:
453:Painting by
442:
431:
411:
407:adding to it
402:
375:
370:
355:
351:adding to it
346:
323:Portrait of
303:
284:Novecentismo
283:
266:
181:
172:
162:
155:
148:
141:
129:
117:Please help
112:verification
109:
79:
70:
51:
18:Romanticismo
4915:MichaĆowski
4747:Wackenroder
4712:F. Schlegel
4707:A. Schlegel
4483:Tchaikovsky
4372:Bortkiewicz
4244:R. Schumann
4239:C. Schumann
4204:Kalkbrenner
4173:Saint-Saëns
3478:Anne Brontë
3363:Eichendorff
3348:B. v. Arnim
3343:A. v. Arnim
3153:Weltschmerz
3112:Medievalism
3061:Blue flower
2989:Nationalist
2934:Bohemianism
2846:Romanticism
2479:Romanticism
2395:Short poems
2083:Iria Flavia
1822:El trovador
1788:Aben Humeya
1580:Characters:
1561:characters.
1513:El Trovador
1372:El Zurriago
1213:costumbrism
1186:Costumbrist
1178:El criterio
1036:Victor Hugo
973:Sab (novel)
925:Juan Arolas
896:Other poets
865:(1839) and
503:Romanticism
491:Renaissance
487:Middle Ages
483:Greco-Roman
377:Costumbrism
371:Costumbrism
305:Romanticism
250:Romanticism
218:Renaissance
5257:Categories
4790:Chassériau
4765:Aivazovsky
4473:Rubinstein
4458:Mussorgsky
4407:Wieniawski
4392:Paderewski
4234:Moszkowski
4017:Vörösmarty
4007:Shevchenko
3861:Longfellow
3785:Batyushkov
3780:Baratynsky
3749:Espronceda
3616:Mickiewicz
3611:Malczewski
3578:Wordsworth
3563:M. Shelley
3518:de Quincey
3383:GĂŒnderrode
3267:Baudelaire
3147:Wanderlust
2984:Lake Poets
2801:El Artista
2657:Nueva York
2497:References
2421:Valladolid
2102:A mi madre
2038:free verse
1691:Valladolid
1551:Structure:
1387:journalism
1376:La Manopla
1352:El Europeo
922:Barcelonan
851:The Beggar
847:El mendigo
839:El verdugo
560:El Europeo
498:Beginnings
414:March 2022
358:March 2022
325:Lord Byron
267:Modernismo
145:newspapers
5230:Modernism
4890:Kiprensky
4850:GĂ©ricault
4835:Friedrich
4825:Delacroix
4800:Constable
4780:Bonington
4770:Bierstadt
4722:Senancour
4697:Schelling
4652:Lamennais
4647:Khomyakov
4612:Coleridge
4607:Chaadayev
4514:StankoviÄ
4509:Mokranjac
4428:Balakirev
4387:Moniuszko
4336:Donizetti
4331:Cherubini
4229:Meyerbeer
4214:Marschner
4189:Beethoven
4102:Moscheles
4036:Musicians
4022:Wergeland
3987:Orbeliani
3942:Grundtvig
3846:Hawthorne
3815:Zhukovsky
3810:Vyazemsky
3795:Lermontov
3754:Gutiérrez
3713:RadiÄeviÄ
3677:Herculano
3601:KrasiĆski
3543:Radcliffe
3513:Coleridge
3488:E. Brontë
3483:C. Brontë
3413:Jean Paul
3408:Hölderlin
3297:Lamartine
3234:MagalhĂŁes
3224:GuimarĂŁes
3132:Pantheism
3122:Nostalgia
2974:Indianism
2922:Movements
2853:Countries
2753:Barcelona
2693:Barcelona
2617:Barcelona
2527:Scriptura
2308:humoradas
2298:, in the
2296:Humoradas
2067:historian
2022:monastery
1999:Valeriano
1906:Narration
1610:, 1791 â
1570:enlighten
1396:La Presse
1348:newspaper
1308:El bolero
1222:madrileño
1188:vignettes
944:Catalonia
822:El Pelayo
578:, titled
564:Barcelona
511:Catalonia
507:Andalusia
5242:Category
5058:Dahlhaus
5043:Blanning
5010:Scholars
4980:Tropinin
4975:Tidemand
4965:Stattler
4960:Scheffer
4860:GĆowacki
4830:Edelfelt
4785:Bryullov
4727:Snellman
4702:Schiller
4692:Rousseau
4672:Michelet
4617:Constant
4587:Belinsky
4560:Sibelius
4504:KonjoviÄ
4478:Scriabin
4448:Lyapunov
4382:LipiĆski
4351:Spontini
4341:Paganini
4285:Goldmark
4076:Thalberg
4071:Schubert
4051:Bruckner
4012:Topelius
4002:Runeberg
3992:PreĆĄeren
3962:Leopardi
3927:Frashëri
3917:Eminescu
3897:Andersen
3805:Tyutchev
3790:Karamzin
3764:Zorrilla
3759:Saavedra
3657:Castilho
3645:Portugal
3636:SĆowacki
3538:Polidori
3468:Barbauld
3403:Hoffmann
3358:Brentano
3272:Bertrand
3093:Romantic
2929:Ancients
2903:Scotland
2463:See also
2284:Asturias
2199:ubi sunt
2064:Galician
2054:Born in
2034:assonant
2014:Romantic
2010:Leyendas
1995:Bohemian
1970:orphaned
1964:Born in
1914:Rhetoric
1910:lyricism
1810:Chiclana
1711:Readings
1689:Born in
1653:Leyendas
1623:Romantic
1558:Setting:
1360:Schiller
1095:), 1815â
1080:moderate
1065:Waverley
1013:(1852).
929:Galician
643:Religion
518:Prussian
489:and the
290:•
282:•
274:•
264:•
256:•
248:•
240:•
232:•
224:•
216:•
208:•
175:May 2009
73:May 2009
5083:Lovejoy
5018:Abraham
4940:Richard
4930:Préault
4855:Girodet
4737:Thoreau
4682:Novalis
4667:Mazzini
4662:Maistre
4637:Hazlitt
4622:Emerson
4602:Carlyle
4592:Berchet
4535:Berwald
4530:Bennett
4499:HristiÄ
4453:Medtner
4433:Borodin
4423:Arensky
4346:Rossini
4321:Bellini
4300:Joachim
4273:Hungary
4254:Strauss
4182:Germany
4148:Berlioz
4117:VoĆĂĆĄek
4112:Smetana
4090:Czechia
4044:Austria
3977:Maturin
3972:Manzoni
3947:Heliade
3922:Foscolo
3892:Alfieri
3887:Abovian
3841:Emerson
3800:Pushkin
3739:BĂ©cquer
3672:Garrett
3626:Potocki
3573:Southey
3533:Maturin
3503:Carlyle
3460:Britain
3433:Novalis
3388:Gutzkow
3336:Germany
3302:Mérimée
3287:Gautier
3214:Barreto
3209:Azevedo
3189:Alencar
3169:Writers
3088:Byronic
3024:Purismo
2878:Germany
2860:Denmark
2679:, 1992.
2619:, 1988.
2609:, 1993.
2599:, 1991.
2589:, 1972.
2547:in the
2533:: 9â23.
2371:doloras
2300:Doloras
2292:Poética
2262:Realism
2098:La flor
2075:Galicia
2071:Castile
2030:stanzas
2003:Seville
1987:pesetas
1966:Seville
1866:Logroño
1769:Granada
1738:Seville
1634:PoesĂas
1630:lyrical
1608:CĂłrdoba
1487:Theatre
1478:In his
1448:In the
1113:Realism
1076:liberal
1071:Ivanhoe
1046:novel.
1011:PoesĂas
996:, 1823â
853:), and
826:PoesĂas
702:Badajoz
600:Sevilla
596:BĂ©cquer
439:theater
331:, 1813.
309:Realism
258:Realism
234:Baroque
159:scholar
59:Please
5108:Wellek
5088:de Man
5073:Janion
5063:Ferber
5038:Berlin
5033:Beiser
5028:Barzun
5023:Abrams
5000:Wiertz
4985:Turner
4935:RĂ©voil
4920:Palmer
4910:Martin
4905:Leutze
4880:Janmot
4840:Fuseli
4795:Church
4687:Quinet
4677:MĂŒller
4632:Goethe
4627:Fichte
4550:Franck
4492:Serbia
4443:Glinka
4416:Russia
4402:Tausig
4397:Stolpe
4377:Chopin
4365:Poland
4326:Busoni
4290:Heller
4259:Wagner
4194:Brahms
4168:Onslow
4158:Halévy
4126:France
4107:Reicha
4097:DvoĆĂĄk
4066:Mahler
4061:Hummel
4056:Czerny
3952:Isaacs
3932:Geijer
3866:Lowell
3856:Irving
3836:Cooper
3831:Bryant
3773:Russia
3708:NjegoĆĄ
3703:KostiÄ
3698:JakĆĄiÄ
3691:Serbia
3621:Norwid
3596:Fredro
3588:Poland
3558:Seward
3448:Uhland
3438:Schwab
3428:Mörike
3418:Kleist
3373:Goethe
3368:Fouqué
3317:Nodier
3312:Nerval
3307:Musset
3259:France
3249:Varela
3244:Taunay
3229:Macedo
3177:Brazil
3127:Ossian
3054:Themes
2893:Poland
2888:Norway
2870:France
2743:Madrid
2733:Madrid
2723:Madrid
2713:Madrid
2703:Madrid
2677:Madrid
2667:Madrid
2647:Madrid
2637:Madrid
2627:Madrid
2607:Madrid
2597:Madrid
2587:Madrid
2577:Madrid
2567:Madrid
2425:Madrid
2389:). In
2381:) and
2306:. The
2288:Madrid
2079:cancer
2060:Madrid
1978:Madrid
1974:sailor
1928:, and
1870:Madrid
1840:Madrid
1818:Madrid
1695:Madrid
1665:Madrid
1638:Lanuza
1612:Madrid
1531:), by
1523:, and
1519:), by
1507:), by
1442:FĂgaro
1422:MacĂas
1411:Madrid
1318:, and
1292:Madrid
1288:MĂĄlaga
1247:Madrid
1097:BerlĂn
1034:, and
1007:Lisbon
998:Lisbon
965:Madrid
715:Madrid
710:Lisbon
662:Satire
655:Nature
586:Poetry
521:consul
161:
154:
147:
140:
132:
5194:Bacon
5103:Rosen
5098:Ricks
5093:Nancy
5053:Blume
5048:Bloom
4970:Stroy
4955:Saleh
4950:Runge
4900:Lampi
4885:Jones
4875:Hayez
4810:Corot
4775:Blake
4742:Tieck
4732:Staël
4657:Larra
4642:Hegel
4597:Burke
4555:Grieg
4545:Field
4540:Elgar
4523:Other
4356:Verdi
4314:Italy
4305:Liszt
4295:Hubay
4280:Erkel
4264:Weber
4249:Spohr
4209:Loewe
4199:Bruch
4163:MĂ©hul
4153:Fauré
4143:Auber
4138:Alkan
3997:Raffi
3967:MĂĄcha
3957:Lenau
3907:Botev
3880:Other
3732:Spain
3667:Dinis
3553:Scott
3528:Keats
3508:Clare
3498:Byron
3493:Burns
3473:Blake
3458:Great
3443:Tieck
3398:Heine
3393:Hauff
3327:Vigny
3322:Staël
3282:Dumas
3204:Assis
3199:Alves
3184:Abreu
3137:Rhine
3040:Ultra
2883:Japan
2280:Navia
2026:Rimas
1814:CĂĄdiz
1705:Works
1663:) in
1619:Malta
1565:Plot:
1356:Byron
1200:, or
1017:Prose
969:Cuban
525:CĂĄdiz
166:JSTOR
152:books
5068:Frye
4995:Ward
4990:Veit
4945:Rude
4895:Koch
4870:Gude
4865:Goya
4815:Dahl
4805:Cole
4133:Adam
4081:Wolf
3824:U.S.
3723:Zmaj
3353:Beer
3292:Hugo
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3219:Dias
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2979:Jena
2949:Dark
2369:The
1936:and
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1717:and
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1134:and
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614:The
570:and
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