835:, Vol. 65, No. 3 (Nov., 1971), pp. 100–101, that: "No one interested in the H.A. or Roman history of the third century A.D. can ignore this book." On the content of the book itself, Peter White writes: "Syme recovers portions, though miserably small portions, of the true history of the emperors from Severus Alexander to Diocletian. There are still other essays that escape this enumeration. Among them are two of the best in the book, an investigation of the patterns by which personal names have been faked and an expose of the procedures by which the biographer concocted the first five lives of pretenders and heirs apparent." Syme gives 10 ways to decipher fictitious names in a chapter called 'Bogus Names'. He states: IX. Perverted names. One example is clear. Using Suetonius, the author changed 'Mummia' to 'Memmia' (Alex. 20. 3, cf. above). That is a mere trifle in the devices of the HA. If an author is anxious to be plausible, he may try to convey an impression of novelty (and hence of authenticity) by names that look original because different. Thus 'Avulnius' and 'Murrentius' (Aur. 13. I). One trick is to modify the shape of familiar names. Several instances have been detected. As consul in 258, the HA produces 'Nemmius Fuscus' (or 'Memmius Fuscus'). Regarding the HA authors' identity, Syme states: "From time to time the deceiver lowers the mask. For example, when scourging the follies and fraudulence of other biographers (whom he invents), notably 'Adius Junius Cordus'. The prime revelation occurs in the exordium of the
839:.The Prefect of the City, after friendly and encouraging discourse on the high themes of history and veracity, tells the author to write as his fancy dictates. All the classical historians were liars, and he can join their company with a clear conscience..." – "Well then, write as you will. You will be safe in saying whatever you wish, since you will have as comrades in falsehood those authors whom we admire for the style of their histories."(Aur. 2. 2)
1626:
66:
168:
25:
806:. Syme considers that the duration of an Empire links directly to the character of the men who are in charge of the imperial administration, in particular that of the colonies. In his own words, the "strength and vitality of an empire is frequently due to the new aristocracy from the periphery". This book is currently out of print.
778:
yet produced, backed by an exhaustive treatment of the historical and political background—the Empire's first century—of his life. Syme blended biographical investigation, historical narrative and interpretation, and literary analysis to produce what may be the single most thorough study of a major
753:. By stressing prosopographical analysis, Syme rejected the force of ideas in politics, dismissing most such invocations of constitutional and political principle as nothing more than "political catchwords". In this bleak cynicism about political ideas and political life,
1030:
1735:
590:
1710:
759:
1770:
1750:
1705:
737:'s supposed restoration of the Republic was a pretence on which he had built a monarchy based on personal relationships and the ambition of Rome's political families. In
1740:
1080:
1730:
1512:
1725:
1685:
1670:
1695:
1690:
933:
1765:
1745:
1720:
1680:
1660:
1700:
1675:
1505:
1467:
876:
and deals with the geography of southern
Armenia and mainly eastern parts of Asia Minor. His shorter works are collected in the seven volumes of
642:. His refusal to discuss the nature of his work during this period led some to speculate that he worked for the British intelligence services in
1760:
1665:
705:(1939), is widely considered a masterly and controversial analysis of Roman political life in the period following the 44 BCE assassination of
1715:
1343:
831:
firmly established the fraudulent nature of that work; he famously dubbed the anonymous author "a rogue grammarian". Allen M. Ward stated in
684:
1534:
1529:
1755:
1423:
1017:
774:(1958), his favourite among the ancient historians. The work's forty-five chapters and ninety-five appendices make up the most complete
665:
1491:
912:
543:
353:
272:
229:
211:
149:
52:
538:(a house of which bears his name today) at the age of 15, and was head of his class for both of his two years. He continued to the
535:
333:
178:
1084:
729:
merely did what was necessary to restore order in public life, but was a dictatorial figure whose true nature was cloaked by the
1570:
733:
written to honour him in his last years and after his death. "The Roman constitution", Syme wrote, "was a screen and a sham";
680:
515:
87:
1611:
1498:
865:
families and new politicians simultaneously to forge a coalition in government that would back his agenda for a new Rome.
717:
in both literary style and pessimistic insight, the work challenged prevailing attitudes concerning the last years of the
688:
661:
488:
261:
130:
1255:
1108:
722:
481:
394:
257:
102:
83:
38:
1460:
749:—tracing the linkages of kinship, marriage, and shared interest among the various leading families of republican and
193:
1153:
109:
189:
76:
669:
425:
862:
818:
606:
116:
1555:
673:
611:
430:
420:
1629:
1560:
1453:
1335:
539:
348:
584:
into
Platonic prose, and the following year won the Prize again (for Verse) for a translation of part of
794:. Syme compares the three empires that have endured for the longest periods of time in Western History:
559:
358:
98:
1655:
1650:
701:
619:
510:
462:
672:, in 1949, a position which he held until his retirement in 1970. Syme was also appointed fellow of
1565:
787:
639:
527:
292:
514:(1939), a masterly and controversial analysis of Roman political life in the period following the
1389:
1275:
1236:
1170:
1133:
1125:
980:
938:
580:
563:
654:
1427:
1370:
1339:
972:
896:
742:
551:
447:
376:
1590:
1379:
1267:
1228:
1162:
1117:
823:
791:
775:
750:
623:
44:
763:, published in 1930 by the specialist in eighteenth-century British political history, Sir
814:
764:
734:
567:
547:
501:
691:
in 1976. He continued his prolific writing and editing until his death at the age of 86.
676:, from 1970 until the late 1980s, where an annual lecture was established in his memory.
123:
1585:
1550:
1009:
956:
892:
885:
803:
799:
718:
631:
585:
571:
443:
1644:
1580:
1476:
1327:
1137:
746:
706:
505:
451:
404:
389:
1595:
895:(whose thesis in the mid-1950s dealt with Roman colonies in south Asia Minor), and
795:
1437:
575:
493:
65:
821:, is also regarded as authoritative. His four books and numerous essays on the
1384:
1365:
730:
615:
399:
340:
976:
1416:
1055:
881:
598:
726:
627:
555:
504:
and the most brilliant exponent of the history of the Roman Empire since
497:
1256:"Emperors and Biography: Studies in the Historia Augusta by Ronald Syme"
1217:"Emperors and Biography. Studies in the Historia Augusta by Ronald Syme"
915:'s Classics Department holds a lecture in Syme's honour every two years.
721:. Syme's main conclusion was that the structure of the Republic and its
271:
1393:
1279:
1240:
1216:
1174:
810:
771:
714:
710:
531:
530:
in 1903, where he attended primary and secondary school; a bad case of
1129:
984:
960:
873:
650:
643:
635:
1271:
1232:
1166:
934:"Ronald Syme, 86, Classics Scholar And Historian at Oxford, Is Dead"
196:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
1121:
857:(1986) traces the prominent families under Augustus as a sequel to
770:
Syme's next great work was his definitive two-volume biography of
595:
500:. He was regarded as the greatest historian of ancient Rome since
1081:"Colonial Élites. Rome, Spain and the Americas – Sir Ronald Syme"
1445:
847:
757:
strongly resembled another controversial historical masterwork,
653:
is referred to in the autobiographical works of a collaborator,
1449:
891:
Syme's doctoral students at the
University of Oxford included
248:
161:
59:
18:
534:
seriously damaged his vision during this period. He moved to
16:
New
Zealand born British historian and classicist (1903–1989)
951:
949:
626:, he worked as a press attaché in the British Embassies of
1151:
Sumner, G. V. (September 1965). "Sallust by Ronald Syme".
1020:
and pp. xi–xx on Syme's publications and scholarly career.
880:(1979–1991), the first two volumes of which are edited by
868:
A posthumous work (edited for publication by A. Birley),
786:, which presents the three lectures that Syme offered at
861:. Syme examined how and why Augustus promoted bankrupt
829:
Emperors and
Biography: Studies in the Historia Augusta,
760:
The
Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III
562:, between 1925 and 1927, gaining First Class honours in
1310:
Emperors and
Biography: Studies in the Historia Augusta
1295:
Emperors and
Biography: Studies in the Historia Augusta
1190:
Emperors and
Biography: Studies in the Historia Augusta
185:
1604:
1543:
1522:
1483:
457:
439:
413:
382:
372:
367:
339:
329:
324:
312:
300:
278:
246:
90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
961:"Ronald Syme (March 11, 1903 – September 4, 1989)"
1736:People educated at New Plymouth Boys' High School
1354:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
965:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
679:Syme was knighted in 1959. He was elected to the
638:, later taking a chair in classical philology at
699:The work for which Syme is chiefly remembered,
614:, where he became known for his studies of the
1711:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)
1513:Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit
1106:Earl, D. C. (1965). "Sallust by Ronald Syme".
971:(1). American Philosophical Society: 119–122.
604:His first scholarly work was published by the
1771:Members of the American Philosophical Society
1461:
784:Colonial Élites. Rome, Spain and the Americas
725:were inadequate for the needs of Roman rule;
574:for Greek Prose for translating a section of
8:
713:regimes in Germany and Italy, and following
646:, but proof for this hypothesis is lacking.
526:Syme was born to David and Florence Syme in
1751:New Zealand emigrants to the United Kingdom
1004:"Rhine and Danube Legions under Domitian",
782:In 1958, Oxford University Press published
741:Syme first used, with dazzling effect, the
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1468:
1454:
1446:
1405:
270:
243:
1706:New Zealand members of the Order of Merit
1383:
492:(11 March 1903 – 4 September 1989) was a
230:Learn how and when to remove this message
212:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
1741:Victoria University of Wellington alumni
1016:(Presses Université Laval, 2000), p. xi
1506:Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire
1060:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
925:
610:in 1928. In 1929 he became a Fellow of
1731:20th-century New Zealand male writers
685:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
570:and philosophy). In 1926, he won the
7:
1726:Camden Professors of Ancient History
1686:Fellows of Brasenose College, Oxford
1535:Prosopography of the Byzantine World
1530:Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England
901:Seneca: the statesman and the writer
88:adding citations to reliable sources
1671:20th-century New Zealand historians
1424:Camden Professor of Ancient History
1083:. Francisco Vázquez. Archived from
846:(1978) places the great Roman poet
666:Camden Professor of Ancient History
1696:Fellows of Wolfson College, Oxford
1691:Fellows of Trinity College, Oxford
1356:(vol. 135, no. 1, 119–122) and in
899:(1968), whose thesis was entitled
630:(where he acquired a knowledge of
14:
1492:Magistrates of the Roman Republic
1352:Obituaries of Syme appear in the
913:Victoria University of Wellington
544:Victoria University of Wellington
354:Victoria University of Wellington
34:This article has multiple issues.
1625:
1624:
687:the same year. He received the
166:
64:
23:
1766:Presidents of The Roman Society
1746:20th-century British historians
1721:Prosopographers of ancient Rome
1681:Alumni of Oriel College, Oxford
1661:People from Eltham, New Zealand
790:in January 1958 as part of the
554:while working on his degree in
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
1701:Fellows of the British Academy
1676:New Zealand classical scholars
1312:. Clarendon Press. p. 14.
1260:The American Historical Review
1012:, "Editor's Introduction", in
850:firmly in his social context.
681:American Philosophical Society
536:New Plymouth Boys' High School
516:assassination of Julius Caesar
334:New Plymouth Boys' High School
1:
1761:British expatriates in Turkey
1666:University of Auckland alumni
1612:Prosopography of ancient Rome
1499:Prosopographia Imperii Romani
1297:. Clarendon Press. p. 8.
662:Fellow of the British Academy
1716:New Zealand Knights Bachelor
1358:The Journal of Roman Studies
1282:– via Oxford Academic.
1109:The Journal of Roman Studies
827:, including the publication
664:in 1944, Syme was appointed
395:Crisis of the Roman Republic
1366:"Obituary: Sir Ronald Syme"
192:the claims made and adding
1787:
1756:Historians of ancient Rome
779:historian ever published.
709:. Inspired by the rise of
1620:
1434:
1421:
1413:
1408:
1385:10.1017/s0066154600007626
1308:Syme, Sir Ronald (1971).
1293:Syme, Sir Ronald (1971).
1188:Syme, Sir Ronald (1971).
670:Brasenose College, Oxford
470:
426:Brasenose College, Oxford
320:
269:
1006:Journal of Roman Studies
855:The Augustan Aristocracy
819:University of California
607:Journal of Roman Studies
1205:(Oxford, 1971), p. 263.
884:, and the remainder by
674:Wolfson College, Oxford
620:frontiers of the Empire
612:Trinity College, Oxford
431:Wolfson College, Oxford
421:Trinity College, Oxford
1561:John Robert Martindale
1336:Bridget Williams Books
1215:Ward, Alan M. (1971).
1203:Emperors and Biography
1014:The Provincial at Rome
872:(1995), is devoted to
660:After being elected a
540:University of Auckland
349:University of Auckland
316:New Zealander, British
1364:Mitchell, S. (1989).
1254:White, Peter (1972).
1008:18 (1928) 41–55; see
813:(1964), based on his
649:Sir Ronald's work at
560:Oriel College, Oxford
508:. His great work was
359:Oriel College, Oxford
1338:. pp. 104–179.
1035:search.amphilsoc.org
1031:"APS Member History"
859:The Roman Revolution
809:Syme's biography of
755:The Roman Revolution
739:The Roman Revolution
702:The Roman Revolution
511:The Roman Revolution
496:-born historian and
463:The Roman Revolution
84:improve this article
1221:The Classical World
833:The Classical World
788:McMaster University
640:Istanbul University
558:. He then attended
546:, where he studied
528:Eltham, New Zealand
325:Academic background
1571:T. R. S. Broughton
1243:– via JSTOR.
1192:. Clarendon Press.
942:, 7 September 1989
939:The New York Times
591:Sigurd the Volsung
564:Literae Humaniores
177:possibly contains
1638:
1637:
1444:
1443:
1435:Succeeded by
1428:Oxford University
1409:Academic offices
1371:Anatolian Studies
1360:(vol. 80, xi–xiv)
1345:978-1-988533-17-9
897:Miriam T. Griffin
743:historical method
474:
473:
448:Miriam T. Griffin
440:Doctoral students
377:Ancient historian
240:
239:
232:
222:
221:
214:
179:original research
160:
159:
152:
134:
57:
1778:
1628:
1627:
1591:Lily Ross Taylor
1566:Friedrich Münzer
1470:
1463:
1456:
1447:
1414:Preceded by
1406:
1397:
1387:
1349:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1027:
1021:
1002:
996:
995:
993:
991:
957:Bowersock, G. W.
953:
944:
943:
930:
824:Historia Augusta
792:Whidden Lectures
776:study of Tacitus
624:Second World War
491:
486:
307:
304:4 September 1989
288:
286:
274:
264:
244:
235:
228:
217:
210:
206:
203:
197:
194:inline citations
170:
169:
162:
155:
148:
144:
141:
135:
133:
92:
68:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1616:
1600:
1544:Prosopographers
1539:
1518:
1479:
1474:
1440:
1431:
1419:
1404:
1363:
1346:
1332:The Expatriates
1326:
1323:
1321:Further reading
1318:
1317:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1272:10.2307/1859532
1253:
1252:
1248:
1233:10.2307/4347597
1214:
1213:
1209:
1201:
1197:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1167:10.2307/1086288
1150:
1149:
1145:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1090:
1088:
1087:on 30 June 2012
1079:
1078:
1074:
1064:
1062:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1003:
999:
989:
987:
955:
954:
947:
932:
931:
927:
922:
909:
844:History in Ovid
815:Sather Lectures
765:Lewis B. Namier
697:
655:Jean d'Ormesson
568:ancient history
548:French language
524:
502:Theodor Mommsen
484:
480:
477:Sir Ronald Syme
450:
446:
435:
409:
363:
305:
296:
290:
284:
282:
265:
256:
254:
251:
236:
225:
224:
223:
218:
207:
201:
198:
183:
171:
167:
156:
145:
139:
136:
93:
91:
81:
69:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1784:
1782:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1643:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1586:Erich S. Gruen
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1551:A. H. M. Jones
1547:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1495:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1450:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1433:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1403:
1402:External links
1400:
1399:
1398:
1361:
1350:
1344:
1334:. Wellington:
1328:Edmond, Martin
1322:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1300:
1285:
1246:
1207:
1195:
1180:
1161:(1): 240–244.
1143:
1122:10.2307/297442
1098:
1072:
1047:
1022:
1010:Anthony Birley
997:
945:
924:
923:
921:
918:
917:
916:
908:
905:
893:Barbara Levick
886:Anthony Birley
837:Vita Aureliani
719:Roman Republic
696:
693:
689:Order of Merit
632:Serbo-Croatian
586:William Morris
572:Gaisford Prize
523:
520:
472:
471:
468:
467:
459:
455:
454:
444:Barbara Levick
441:
437:
436:
434:
433:
428:
423:
417:
415:
411:
410:
408:
407:
402:
397:
392:
386:
384:
383:Sub-discipline
380:
379:
374:
370:
369:
365:
364:
362:
361:
356:
351:
345:
343:
337:
336:
331:
327:
326:
322:
321:
318:
317:
314:
310:
309:
308:(aged 86)
302:
298:
297:
291:
280:
276:
275:
267:
266:
255:
252:
247:
238:
237:
220:
219:
174:
172:
165:
158:
157:
72:
70:
63:
58:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1783:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1631:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1581:T. P. Wiseman
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1477:Prosopography
1471:
1466:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1439:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1418:
1412:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1311:
1304:
1301:
1296:
1289:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1266:: 1101–1102.
1265:
1261:
1257:
1250:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1184:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1102:
1099:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1061:
1057:
1056:"Ronald Syme"
1051:
1048:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1001:
998:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
952:
950:
946:
941:
940:
935:
929:
926:
919:
914:
911:
910:
906:
904:
902:
898:
894:
889:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
866:
864:
860:
856:
851:
849:
845:
840:
838:
834:
830:
826:
825:
820:
816:
812:
807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
780:
777:
773:
768:
766:
762:
761:
756:
752:
751:imperial Rome
748:
747:prosopography
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
707:Julius Caesar
704:
703:
694:
692:
690:
686:
682:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
658:
656:
652:
647:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
622:. During the
621:
617:
613:
609:
608:
602:
600:
597:
593:
592:
587:
583:
582:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
521:
519:
517:
513:
512:
507:
506:Edward Gibbon
503:
499:
495:
490:
483:
478:
469:
465:
464:
460:
458:Notable works
456:
453:
452:Fergus Millar
449:
445:
442:
438:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
416:
412:
406:
405:prosopography
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
390:Roman history
388:
387:
385:
381:
378:
375:
371:
368:Academic work
366:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
346:
344:
342:
338:
335:
332:
328:
323:
319:
315:
311:
303:
299:
295:, New Zealand
294:
289:11 March 1903
281:
277:
273:
268:
263:
259:
250:
245:
242:
234:
231:
216:
213:
205:
195:
191:
187:
181:
180:
175:This article
173:
164:
163:
154:
151:
143:
140:February 2012
132:
129:
125:
122:
118:
115:
111:
108:
104:
101: –
100:
99:"Ronald Syme"
96:
95:Find sources:
89:
85:
79:
78:
73:This article
71:
67:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
1596:Ernst Badian
1575:
1511:
1504:
1497:
1490:
1484:Publications
1422:
1375:
1369:
1357:
1353:
1331:
1309:
1303:
1294:
1288:
1263:
1259:
1249:
1224:
1220:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1189:
1183:
1158:
1152:
1146:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1089:. Retrieved
1085:the original
1075:
1063:. Retrieved
1059:
1050:
1038:. Retrieved
1034:
1025:
1013:
1005:
1000:
988:. Retrieved
968:
964:
937:
928:
900:
890:
878:Roman Papers
877:
869:
867:
858:
854:
852:
843:
841:
836:
832:
828:
822:
808:
783:
781:
769:
758:
754:
738:
700:
698:
678:
659:
648:
605:
603:
589:
579:
525:
509:
476:
475:
461:
414:Institutions
306:(1989-09-04)
241:
226:
208:
199:
176:
146:
137:
127:
120:
113:
106:
94:
82:Please help
77:verification
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
1656:1989 deaths
1651:1903 births
1576:Ronald Syme
1556:John Morris
1438:Peter Brunt
1227:: 100–101.
1116:: 232–240.
695:Major works
576:Thomas More
494:New Zealand
313:Nationality
253:Ronald Syme
1645:Categories
1432:1949–1970
1065:6 December
1040:6 December
920:References
731:panegyrics
616:Roman army
599:hexameters
552:literature
498:classicist
400:Roman army
373:Discipline
341:Alma mater
285:1903-03-11
202:April 2017
186:improve it
110:newspapers
39:improve it
1417:Hugh Last
1138:161240896
977:0003-049X
882:E. Badian
870:Anatolica
863:patrician
330:Education
190:verifying
45:talk page
1630:Category
1523:Projects
1330:(2017).
959:(1991).
735:Octavian
727:Augustus
683:and the
628:Belgrade
618:and the
556:Classics
1394:3642808
1280:1859532
1241:4347597
1175:1086288
1154:Phoenix
853:Syme's
817:at the
811:Sallust
804:Britain
772:Tacitus
715:Tacitus
711:fascist
596:Homeric
532:measles
184:Please
124:scholar
1392:
1378:: 17.
1342:
1278:
1239:
1173:
1136:
1130:297442
1128:
1091:15 May
1018:online
985:987156
983:
975:
907:Legacy
874:Strabo
802:, and
723:Senate
651:Unesco
644:Turkey
636:Ankara
634:) and
581:Utopia
466:(1939)
293:Eltham
126:
119:
112:
105:
97:
1605:Other
1390:JSTOR
1276:JSTOR
1237:JSTOR
1171:JSTOR
1134:S2CID
1126:JSTOR
990:9 May
981:JSTOR
800:Spain
594:into
487:
485:,
260:
131:JSTOR
117:books
1340:ISBN
1093:2010
1067:2022
1042:2022
992:2022
973:ISSN
848:Ovid
842:His
796:Rome
550:and
542:and
522:Life
301:Died
279:Born
103:news
1380:doi
1268:doi
1229:doi
1163:doi
1118:doi
969:135
745:of
668:at
588:'s
578:'s
489:FBA
262:FBA
249:Sir
188:by
86:by
1647::
1426:,
1388:.
1376:39
1374:.
1368:.
1274:.
1264:77
1262:.
1258:.
1235:.
1225:65
1223:.
1219:.
1169:.
1159:19
1157:.
1132:.
1124:.
1114:55
1112:.
1058:.
1033:.
979:.
967:.
963:.
948:^
936:,
903:.
888:.
798:,
767:.
657:.
601:.
518:.
482:OM
479:,
258:OM
48:.
1469:e
1462:t
1455:v
1396:.
1382::
1348:.
1270::
1231::
1177:.
1165::
1140:.
1120::
1095:.
1069:.
1044:.
994:.
566:(
287:)
283:(
233:)
227:(
215:)
209:(
204:)
200:(
182:.
153:)
147:(
142:)
138:(
128:·
121:·
114:·
107:·
80:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.