979:
405:
337:
2525:
557:: white for the first exam, pink thereafter, and red for the final exam of the run. The one exception to this is found in the law students of Magdalen College, who wear green carnations for all of their Law Moderations. Although this system has differed over time, this is the one currently advised by the university and its Colleges. The carnations are often, although not necessarily, gifted to candidates by friends or members of their college "families".
242:
bell-shaped sleeves about wrist-length. Scholar's gowns reach only the wearer's knees, and their open sleeves are either bell-shaped or pointed, reaching just beyond the elbow. The exceptions are the MA gown and the
Doctors' convocation habit; the MA gown has long closed sleeves with arm slits just above the elbow and a crescent-shaped cut at the foot of the sleeve, forming two forward-facing points, while the Doctors' convocation habit is sleeveless.
2110:
2499:
64:
387:. Originally, women were required to wear their soft caps during university ceremonies. From Michaelmas 1995, they were required to wear the soft cap, but permitted either to wear or to carry the mortarboard. From Hilary 2008, they are now, like men, required to carry their mortarboards when at university ceremonies indoors. Women who opt for the soft cap must still wear, and not carry, them indoors.
990:
904:
42:
51:
785:
705:
1036:
An official/dress robe was commissioned in 2006. It is a lay-type gown with detachable panels on the lower sleeves of embroidered gold and silver laurel branches growing out of the university shield with the arms of the university's colleges seated on them. The back of the gown has a large university
876:
Members with postgraduate bachelors or master's degrees in the lay higher faculties (i.e. those other than
Divinity or Arts) wear gowns almost identical to the lay doctors' undress gowns (with the exception of the MCh, the gowns of bachelors' and masters' do not have an extra panel of gimp underneath
670:
There are instances when male undergraduates are required to wear their mortarboards indoors. Undergraduates appearing before the
Proctors' Court are required to present themselves wearing their caps and to salute the Proctors in the customary manner upon entering. They then remove their caps for the
666:
It is also only in recent years that female undergraduates have been permitted to remove their mortarboards during university ceremonies. Women who opt for the mortarboard now no longer wear them indoors, but conform with the practice of male members of the university. As mentioned earlier, women who
1016:
In 2015, a new robe was made for the chancellor in light of the original robes being over 100 years old and becoming fragile. This is similar to the new robe of the vice-chancellor save that the embroidery is on the facings rather than the sleeves. The rest of the robe has the gimp lace pentagons in
683:
gown that is a full-sized version of the commoner's gown, reaching to the knee. However, they are not worn by graduates of other universities who are reading for the degree of
Bachelor of Arts, who wear a commoner's or scholar's gown as appropriate. Nor are they worn by non-members of the university
818:
is like a scarlet full-dress gown, except in that it has no sleeves, is part-lined with silk of the appropriate colour, and closed at the front. It is worn over the undress gown, thus the sleeves of the latter protrude. It is always worn with white tie, bands and hood. A similar garment (in scarlet
662:
It is often claimed that undergraduates by custom do not wear their caps (or even that they can be fined for doing so). This is incorrect. Outdoors, caps may be worn, but it is customary to touch or raise one's cap as a salute to senior university or college officers. Like all other male members of
638:
gown down to the knee. The gowns are gathered at the yoke, and have bell sleeves to the elbows (in effect they are shorter versions of the BA gown). For undergraduates, scholars are likely to be students who received a distinction in their first-year examinations, or who have received a scholarship
568:
has a counterpart in 'full fusc', said to be a full suit of armour, which if worn to Finals examinations automatically results in a student being given a First; or the claim that one enterprising undergraduate examined the university statutes prior to an examination and discovered that all students
455:
for 'of a dark/dusky colour', and refers to the clothes worn with full academic dress in Oxford. Their origins stem from the formal day dress worn in the past that has, to a certain extent, fossilised around the
Edwardian period into what it is now and has changed only slightly since to accommodate
837:
Doctors of Music have no convocation habit, as this degree (as well as that of
Bachelor of Music) was open to those who were not members of Convocation. The degree is known to have existed since the early 16th century, and seems to have originally used the same robes as Doctors of Medicine, on the
594:
or (in the case of members of the higher faculties) silk, most modern gowns and robes are made from synthetic material such as polyester. Similarly, hoods and gowns traditionally made out of silk are now more usually made of synthetic "art silk". Rabbit fur is also rarely now used in the making of
379:
or trencher cap) , which is not worn indoors, except by the
Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Proctors. When meeting the Vice-Chancellor, Proctors, or other senior official of the university in the street, it is traditional for a man to touch or raise his cap. In practice few people wear their caps
1094:
Previously the assessor wore an MA gown with a tippet sewn onto the yoke. He or she now wears a proctor's dress gown with purple instead of blue velvet sleeves and facings. A button and tassel is sewn to the bottom-right of the yoke of their assessorial and undress M.A. gowns, which, as with the
746:
Those with undergraduate master's degrees awarded for certain 4-year courses in the sciences (M.Biochem., M.Chem., M.CompSci., M.EarthSci., M.Eng., M.Math., M.MathCompSci., M.MathPhil., M.Phys., M.PhysPhil.) previously wore BA gowns and hoods, transitioning to the MA gown and hood 21 terms after
304:
gown, and has a flap collar and long closed sleeves with arm slits just above the elbow, except for the
Commoners' and Graduate students' gowns, whose closed sleeves have evolved into streamers through which the arm does not pass. Commoners' gowns reach to the wearer's waist, and Graduates' to
731:
gown with long bell-shaped sleeves to the wrists. The gown is gathered at the yoke. The MA gown is similar to the BA gown, except that the long sleeves are squared and closed at the ends, with a crescent cut out of each sleeve-end, and a horizontal slit just above the elbow for the arm to pass
241:
gown has no collar, but instead has the voluminous material of its back and sleeves gathered into a yoke. Most of the above have open sleeves; those of the BA have long points at the back of the sleeve reaching down to the hem of the gown, while doctors', assessors' and proctors' gowns have
838:
rare occasions when this was necessary. However, since the beginning of the 17th century, Doctors of Music have worn gowns of white or cream damask or brocade, with facings and sleeve-linings (see below) present since at least the late 18th century: the latter are shown in a 1792 plate by
1127:
Members of the court wear a gown in the shape of doctor's gown that is deep cherry in colour. There is a line of lace that runs across the collar, down the facings in addition to two lines around the sleeves. They wear a bonnet of deep cherry with a short tassel in the same colour.
723:
The two most common graduate gowns in Oxford are the
Bachelor of Arts (BA) and Master of Arts (MA) gowns, which are worn by new graduates of whatever subject. The degree of Master of Arts is granted to BA graduates at a degree ceremony no sooner than 21 terms after matriculation.
1013:. The chancellor's mortarboard has a gold tassel, like that of the former noblemen commoners. In undress he wears the DCL dress or undress gown. In Oxford he always wears white tie and bands though in the past he wore a 'waterfall cravat' with court dress underneath his robes.
577:
duly responded, before fining him one shilling for failing to wear his sword, allegedly also part of the archaic statutes. This latter story is disputed as untrue, and has been circulating in various forms (sometimes attributed to
Cambridge) since at least the late 1950s.
623:
gown which just covers the suit jacket. The gowns have a flap collar and instead of sleeves have two streamers adorned with folds. These are the remnants of closed sleeves, as can still be seen on the laced gowns of the higher faculties.
167:
and 78% supporting gowns, in a referendum with an unusually high 40.6% turnout. A previous referendum in 2006 showed 81% support for subfusc. Both referendums were widely interpreted by students as a vote not so much as on making
463:
have no reference to sex, meaning students of either sex can wear what is historically prescribed as male or female clothing, or, under the letter of the regulations, even a combination (although this is informally discouraged).
75:
Unlike most other universities, which only usually require it during specific university ceremonies such as graduation, academic dress is worn very often in Oxford (although no longer as an element of everyday dress). Every
766:
gown with a flap collar and closed sleeves, decorated with black silk lace; for Doctors of Divinity, it is the MA gown in black silk. These may be worn with a doctor's hood, which varies between different doctors' degrees:
530:
and cap. There is no formal guidance about what order of dress should be worn (i.e. Army No. 1 or Service Dress) or whether swords are worn; however, uniform caps are worn in the street and carried when indoors. Persons in
45:
An Oxford degree ceremony β the pro-vice-chancellor in MA gown and hood, proctor in official dress and new Doctors of Philosophy in scarlet full dress. Behind them, a bedel, another Doctor and Bachelors of Arts and
639:
for academic excellence in a specific topic. As a very general approximation, students wearing scholars' gowns may be predicted to achieve a first-class degree on completion of their final examinations.
408:
Oxford undergraduates walking along New College Lane some wearing short commoners' gowns over subfusc suits: this is required wear only for very formal occasions such as examinations, matriculation and
2177:
842:. Today, their full dress gown is made of cream silk brocade with apple blossom embroidery, with cherry red silk sleeves and facings. The hood worn with the undress gown is of the same materials:
305:
around their knees. Doctors' undress gowns are the same as those of higher faculties Bachelors and Masters gowns, with the addition of even more decorative lace on the underside of the sleeves.
941:
MEng, and other undergraduate masters (MBiochem, MChem, MCompSci, MEarthSci, MMath, MPhys and current and future equivalent joint-subject degrees) β black silk edged and lined with sand silk,
356:, though some are traditionally made in one shape or the other. Most of the newer degrees use the Burgon whilst older degrees use either, although the Burgon shape is becoming more popular.
1025:
Previously vice-chancellors had no distinctive dress, but instead wore the black gown, convocation habit and hood if they were doctors or the MA gown and hood if they were not. When
2219:
663:
the university (including graduates) other than the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Proctors, male undergraduates must remove their caps during university ceremonies indoors.
2311:
692:. Alternatively, graduate students may wear the academic dress of their old university except at those occasions where "foreign" academic dress is prohibited, such as the
1005:
The chancellor of the university is elected for life by the Convocation (i.e. the alumni with degrees) of the university. He wears on ceremonial occasions a black silk
317:
1045:
The two proctors in Oxford are responsible for the discipline of junior members of the university. In addition they have various ceremonial and administrative roles.
1244:
2235:
1056:
is worn turned inside out so that only the fur is visible. This was formerly the full dress of the M.A. On both their proctorial and undress M.A. gowns they have a
2379:
2374:
2333:
2328:
2364:
2281:
1738:
2550:
2182:
1063:
Each proctor may appoint up to two pro-proctors, who may act in their stead throughout their year of office. The pro-proctors, when on duty, similarly wear
344:
Hoods in Oxford are of three shapes. Doctors (except Doctors of Clinical Psychology and Doctors of Engineering) and Bachelors of Divinity wear hoods in the
2369:
2348:
2276:
2316:
2291:
2251:
2214:
803:
yoke-gathered gown, with open bell-shaped sleeves. The sleeves and facings are in the appropriate coloured silk. Full dress gowns are normally worn over
2321:
1701:
2343:
2306:
2296:
2172:
163:
remains a popular tradition. In May 2015 students voted overwhelmingly in favour of compulsory academic dress in examinations, with 75.8% supporting
2301:
1914:
172:
voluntary, but rather on whether or not to effectively abolish it by default, as it was assumed that if a minority of people came to exams without
2418:
2408:
2545:
2413:
1854:
1095:
proctors' tippets, is kept for life on the MA gown. The assessor's hood is Burgon or Oxford simple-shape made of unlined white corded silk.
2261:
2144:
1026:
993:
696:
and the second half of degree ceremonies when the graduand pays his respects to the Vice-Chancellor in the dress of his new Oxford degree.
1883:
2400:
2286:
2198:
1360:
713:
2444:
1052:
gown of the doctors' full dress pattern with sleeves and facings of dark blue velvet (formerly black velvet). A hood fully lined with
863:, identical to the MA gown, but in silk rather than stuff. This is worn with a cassock, cincture and scarf. The hoods are as follows:
859:, unlike their counterparts in the other higher faculties, do not wear the black silk laced gown but wear a black undress gown of the
1840:
1197:
1393:
98:(formal dinner, which occurs as frequently as every night in some colleges and as rarely as once a term in others, or not at all)
1764:"Egregii Procuratores: The Master of Arts' Full-Dress Gown and its Use by the Proctors and Assessor of the University of Oxford"
978:
2385:
856:
1803:
1291:
2515:
1060:, or small pouch, sewn to bottom-left of the yoke; this is kept for life on the MA gown even after their year in office.
1944:
1907:
1574:
You should consult your college as to the appropriate gown to wear ... You should also wear a mortar board (or soft cap)
1261:
1241:
185:
108:
1615:
1078:
In both Oxford and Cambridge the proctors could formerly be seen patrolling the streets after dark with the university
2529:
667:
opt for the traditional women's soft cap still do not have this dispensation, and should remain covered at all times.
348:, scarlet in the case of doctors and black in the case of Bachelors of Divinity. All other hoods can be either in the
321:
2139:
1455:
839:
2439:
54:
Encaenia Procession: The chancellor (with trainbearer) immediately followed by the university proctors and others
404:
616:
1705:
2502:
1900:
1075:
sewn to the bottom-left of the yoke. When performing proctorial roles pro-proctors wear the proctors' hood.
196:
The gowns in use in Oxford can be divided into two basic shapes. All gowns are open-fronted, except for the
1033:(undress) gown was designed for him, being black with simple gold trimming on the sleeves and flap collar.
919:
The newer master's degrees follow with the silk gown of the lay higher faculties, and the following hoods:
2434:
84:
must obtain a gown, cap, and white bow tie or black tie or black ribbon for the purpose of the university
81:
1029:, a non-MA from outside the Congregation of the university, was appointed vice-chancellor in 2005, a new
911:
The BMus hood was originally of the same colour as the hoods for the other lay higher degrees (BCL, BM).
152:
On certain occasions, e.g. the Encaenia garden party, by tradition, graduates wear gown and hood without
1170:
747:
matriculation, but since 2014 they have worn the laced master's gown with a hood lined in sand fabric.
788:
519:
363:
is worn, but sometimes they are worn with an ordinary tie, e.g. by the lecturer at a public lecture.
31:
1480:
1990:
1960:
95:
970:
There is no full dress gown for the professional doctorates so the doctor's undress gown is worn.
1785:
755:
Doctors in Oxford have three forms of academic dress: undress, full dress and convocation dress.
1642:"Togas gradui et facultati competentes: The Creation of New Doctoral Robes at Oxford, 1895β1920"
336:
313:
2149:
1880:
1864:
1850:
1836:
1368:
824:
258:
1222:
708:
The MA hood. This hood is in Oxford simple-shape which is rarely used for MA hoods nowadays.
2134:
2083:
1775:
1653:
1339:
1329:
945:
The newer bachelor's degrees follow with the stuff gown of the BA, and the following hoods:
508:
419:
91:
Regulations regarding gowns differ from college to college, but gowns are commonly worn to:
893:
BLitt, BSc (no longer awarded) β light blue silk half lined and bound with white rabbit fur
2109:
2026:
1887:
1763:
1641:
1586:
1248:
1010:
325:
1317:
573:
are entitled to a glass of sherry. He demanded his due in the exam, and the university's
553:. It is traditional, although not compulsory, that during exams, candidates also wear a
2469:
2464:
2036:
1970:
1923:
1456:"Moving to Oxford? Download your relocation guides here: Oxford Examination Carnations"
1404:
831:
452:
35:
1429:
27:
Dressing code worn by academics at the University of Oxford during specific ceremonies
2539:
2088:
1789:
587:
546:
85:
77:
2124:
2000:
1980:
1506:
1116:
982:
846:
DMus – cream apple blossom silk brocade (full shape) lined with cherry silk.
591:
391:
63:
1603:
The mortar board may be worn out of doors but must be removed and carried indoors.
989:
507:
In addition, doctors in the higher faculties and senior university officials wear
2479:
2474:
2129:
1995:
1108:
612:
532:
512:
372:
297:
250:
1557:
1532:
1145:
880:
The hoods of bachelors and masters of the lay higher faculties are as follows:
1009:
gown with a long train, decorated with gold lace, similar to the gowns of the
887:
BCL, MJur, BM BCh β steel blue silk half lined and bound with white rabbit fur
390:
Doctors in the lay faculties (i.e. those except Divinity and Philosophy) wear
138:
1372:
1269:
380:
nowadays, and instead carry their caps on occasions where caps are required.
1227:
903:
554:
309:
246:
197:
41:
1780:
1658:
1334:
50:
1868:
1361:"Oxford University students vote to keep 'archaic' subfusc academic dress"
2094:
2031:
550:
145:
121:
Gowns and caps are worn to disciplinary hearings in the Proctors' Court.
679:
Graduate students who do not already have an Oxford degree wear a black
17:
2021:
1985:
1975:
1965:
1053:
815:
784:
704:
685:
574:
523:
2041:
1344:
1079:
1072:
1057:
952:
BEd (no longer awarded) β black silk with a narrow band of green silk
827:
820:
254:
929:
MEd (no longer awarded) β black silk edged and lined with green silk
88:
ceremony, where students formally become members of the university.
114:
Head of house's collections (end of term academic progress reports)
2484:
2067:
1104:
988:
977:
902:
783:
780:
DPhil – scarlet cloth (full shape) lined with dark blue silk
777:
DLitt, DSc – scarlet cloth (full shape) lined with grey silk
774:
DCL, DM – scarlet cloth (full shape) lined with crimson silk
703:
403:
335:
62:
49:
40:
1892:
642:
Until the abolition of their statuses in the nineteenth century,
2062:
2057:
2016:
867:
BD β black corded silk (full shape) lined with black ribbed silk
739:
MA β black silk edged and lined with crimson / shot crimson silk
124:
In addition, gowns are worn with cap, hood (for graduates), and
1896:
1037:
shield similarly trimmed with gold and silver laurel branches.
1048:
In Oxford the proctors wear white tie and bands, and a black
959:
The academical dress of the new professional doctorates are:
899:
MPhil, BPhil β dark blue silk edged and lined with white silk
1086:, who wore top hats in Cambridge and bowler hats in Oxford.
1067:, white tie and bands, and their own gown, which is a black
896:
BMus β lilac silk half lined and bound with white rabbit fur
459:
As of October 2012, the University of Oxford regulations on
890:
MLitt, MSc β light blue silk edged and lined with grey silk
771:
DD – scarlet cloth (full shape) lined with black silk
650:
each had distinct gowns, generally of coloured silk in the
586:
Although gowns and robes have traditionally been made from
742:
BA β black silk half lined and bound with white rabbit fur
549:, at university examinations and degree ceremonies and at
1071:
gown of the MA shape, with facings of black velvet and a
437:
425:
67:
An undergraduate student at the University of Oxford in
963:
DClinPsychol β blue Burgon simple-shape lined red silk
2513:
966:
EngD β red Burgon shape lined petrol blue edged grey
938:
MPP β dark blue silk edged and lined with silver silk
926:
MSt β deep green silk edged and lined with white silk
923:
MBA β claret silk edged and lined with dark grey silk
443:
440:
434:
422:
1739:
Oxford University Images: The Chancellor's new robes
1262:"The Burgon Society: The Design of Academical Dress"
955:
BTh β black silk with a narrow band of magenta silk.
884:
MCh β black silk edged and lined with dark blue silk
595:
bachelors' hoods, with artificial fur used instead.
428:
279:
Higher faculties bachelors' and masters' laced gown
2457:
2427:
2399:
2357:
2269:
2260:
2244:
2228:
2207:
2191:
2165:
2158:
2117:
2076:
2050:
2009:
1953:
1937:
1930:
1223:
21st-century students vote to keep Oxford tradition
431:
1833:Academical Dress of British and Irish Universities
932:MTh β black silk edged and lined with magenta silk
200:' convocation habit which is closed at the front.
996:in his old Oxford Vice-Chancellor's undress gown.
985:in the official gown of the Chancellor of Oxford.
872:Bachelors and Masters in the lay higher faculties
1558:"Proctors' and Assessor's Memorandum, section 6"
1198:"Students vote overwhelmingly to retain subfusc"
1171:"4 Oxford Clothing Traditions and Their History"
1123:Members of the chancellor's court of benefactors
949:BFA β black silk with a narrow band of gold silk
564:and its use in examinations - for example, that
383:Women may choose between the mortarboard or the
359:Generally, hoods are worn by graduates whenever
915:Other doctors', masters' and bachelors' degrees
914:
526:with gown and hood (for graduates) in place of
285:Chancellor's/Vice-Chancellor's gold laced gown
491:Black tie (either a bow tie or velvet ribbon).
1908:
1111:) and the university verger wear plain black
8:
1881:Oxford University Academic Dress Regulations
111:(internal examinations at the start of term)
935:MFA β gold silk edged and lined white silk
296:gown derives from a garment fashionable in
2266:
2162:
1934:
1915:
1901:
1893:
1847:Academic Dress of the University of Oxford
1318:"The Evolution of the Oxford Simple Shape"
308:Gowns of the same basic shape are worn by
245:Gowns of the same basic shape are worn by
1779:
1657:
1616:"Vice-Chancellor's Regulations 1 of 2002"
1343:
1333:
1394:"Regulations Relating to Academic Dress"
484:Women were previously required to wear:
288:Bedels', University Verger's, etc. gown
2520:
2178:Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
1804:"Academic dress - University of Oxford"
1691:, The Burgon Society Annual 2004, p. 21
1533:"Academic dress | University of Oxford"
1430:"Academic dress - University of Oxford"
1292:"Academic dress - University of Oxford"
1146:"Academic dress | University of Oxford"
1137:
467:Previously, men were required to wear:
184:After the names of the components, the
1835:, Chichester: Philmore & Co. Ltd,
1725:
1723:
1684:
1682:
394:, which are round and made of velvet.
300:times. It is less voluminous than the
38:, which continues to the present day.
7:
1702:"Notices, Oxford University Gazette"
1122:
2551:Culture of the University of Oxford
714:Degrees of the University of Oxford
535:may wear clerical dress instead of
180:Components of Oxford academic dress
1768:Transactions of the Burgon Society
1646:Transactions of the Burgon Society
1196:Doody and Robinson (22 May 2015).
25:
1242:this article in the student press
2523:
2498:
2497:
2108:
791:graduate in Full Academic Dress.
762:in the lay faculties is a black
418:
1676:Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 78.
1454:Halliday, Renee (31 May 2012).
830:especially when sitting in the
819:or black) is worn over a white
658:Undergraduates and mortarboards
318:Speaker of the House of Commons
71:for Matriculation in Michaelmas
1861:The Burgon Society Annual 2004
688:, who wear no gown, even with
671:remainder of the proceedings.
176:, the rest would soon follow.
1:
2546:Academic dress by institution
1460:Theoxfordfresher.blogspot.com
1359:Gayle, Damien (23 May 2015).
1945:Groves classification system
1316:Christianson, Bruce (2002).
727:The BA gown is a long black
654:shape, decorated with lace.
282:Doctors' undress laced gown
186:Groves classification system
1751:Burgon Notes: February 2008
1674:The Oxford Degree Ceremony,
1119:, and white tie and bands.
560:A number of myths surround
322:Chancellor of the Exchequer
230:Doctors' convocation habit
59:When academic dress is worn
2567:
2140:Norman Hargreaves-Mawdsley
1849:, Oxford: Mayfield Press,
1762:Eggleston, Edmund (2018).
840:Charles Grignion the Elder
735:The hoods are as follows:
711:
511:, such as those worn with
497:Black stockings or tights.
2493:
2106:
1620:governance.admin.ox.ac.uk
1401:Oxford University Gazette
807:, but never with a hood.
456:modern trends and needs.
227:Doctors' full dress gown
148:(Commemoration) ceremony.
1859:Kerr, Alex (ed.) (2005)
1741:. Retrieved 17 June 2018
494:Black skirt or trousers.
340:MA hoods seen from rear.
276:Graduate students' gown
135:University matriculation
34:has a long tradition of
1886:18 October 2003 at the
1845:Venables, D. R. (2009)
522:may wear their service
503:Dark coat (if desired).
477:White shirt and collar.
132:University examinations
1863:, The Burgon Society.
1781:10.4148/2475-7799.1148
1659:10.4148/2475-7799.1084
1335:10.4148/2475-7799.1010
997:
986:
908:
792:
709:
611:(i.e. those without a
545:is worn at university
410:
341:
72:
55:
47:
2312:Liverpool John Moores
1322:Burgon Society Annual
1247:May 17, 2006, at the
1175:Oxford Royale Academy
1099:Bedels and the verger
992:
983:Lord Patten of Barnes
981:
906:
851:Bachelors of Divinity
787:
707:
619:) wear a short black
407:
339:
233:Proctors' dress gown
117:College matriculation
101:Major public lectures
66:
53:
44:
2530:University of Oxford
1689:Robes and Robemakers
1591:University of Oxford
1562:University of Oxford
974:University officials
520:British Armed Forces
471:Dark suit and socks.
316:, court ushers, the
32:University of Oxford
2386:Undergraduate gowns
1991:Square academic cap
1961:Bishop Andrewes cap
1831:Shaw, G. W. (1995)
1640:Ross, Alan (2010).
1272:on 23 February 2009
1240:See, for instance,
1021:The vice-chancellor
907:The MLitt/MSc hood.
644:gentlemen-commoners
354:Oxford simple shape
2465:The Burgon Society
1017:the usual places.
998:
987:
909:
793:
710:
648:noblemen-commoners
411:
342:
73:
56:
48:
2511:
2510:
2453:
2452:
2395:
2394:
2270:England and Wales
2150:Vivienne Westwood
2104:
2103:
1855:978-0-9521630-1-5
1672:J. Wells (1906),
1481:"Flowers and ink"
1177:. 22 January 2020
825:Church of England
812:convocation habit
569:sitting exams in
513:legal court dress
451:) comes from the
375:(also known as a
346:Oxford full shape
259:Church of England
253:), preachers and
16:(Redirected from
2558:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2519:
2501:
2500:
2470:Academic scarves
2267:
2163:
2135:Charles Franklyn
2112:
1935:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1894:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1783:
1759:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1704:. Archived from
1698:
1692:
1686:
1677:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1587:"Academic Dress"
1583:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1569:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1409:
1403:. Archived from
1398:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1337:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1268:. Archived from
1258:
1252:
1238:
1232:
1231:, March 4, 2006.
1221:Patrick Foster,
1219:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1142:
450:
449:
446:
445:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
273:Commoners' gown
224:DD undress gown
21:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2524:
2522:
2514:
2512:
2507:
2489:
2449:
2428:Other countries
2423:
2391:
2353:
2256:
2240:
2224:
2203:
2187:
2154:
2113:
2100:
2072:
2046:
2005:
1949:
1926:
1921:
1888:Wayback Machine
1877:
1828:
1823:
1822:
1812:
1810:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1749:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1729:Venables (2009)
1728:
1721:
1711:
1709:
1708:on 4 March 2016
1700:
1699:
1695:
1687:
1680:
1671:
1667:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1624:
1622:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1596:
1594:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1567:
1565:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1516:
1514:
1513:. 31 March 2000
1507:"Cakes and Ale"
1505:
1504:
1500:
1490:
1488:
1487:. 26 April 2018
1479:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1462:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1436:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1413:
1411:
1410:on 5 March 2016
1407:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1298:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1273:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1249:Wayback Machine
1239:
1235:
1220:
1216:
1206:
1204:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1180:
1178:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1154:
1152:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1125:
1103:The university
1101:
1092:
1043:
1023:
1011:Lord Chancellor
1003:
976:
917:
874:
853:
797:full dress gown
753:
721:
716:
702:
677:
660:
634:) wear a black
606:
601:
584:
518:Members of the
421:
417:
402:
369:
334:
326:Lord Chancellor
314:Queen's Counsel
270:
212:Scholars' gown
209:
194:
182:
159:The wearing of
61:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2564:
2562:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2461:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2405:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2273:
2271:
2264:
2262:United Kingdom
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2091:
2086:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1971:Canterbury cap
1968:
1963:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1924:Academic dress
1922:
1920:
1919:
1912:
1905:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1876:
1875:External links
1873:
1872:
1871:
1857:
1843:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1795:
1754:
1743:
1731:
1719:
1693:
1678:
1665:
1632:
1607:
1578:
1549:
1524:
1498:
1472:
1446:
1421:
1385:
1351:
1308:
1283:
1253:
1233:
1214:
1188:
1162:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1124:
1121:
1100:
1097:
1091:
1088:
1042:
1039:
1022:
1019:
1002:
1001:The chancellor
999:
975:
972:
968:
967:
964:
957:
956:
953:
950:
943:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
916:
913:
901:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
873:
870:
869:
868:
852:
849:
848:
847:
832:House of Lords
782:
781:
778:
775:
772:
752:
749:
744:
743:
740:
720:
717:
701:
700:Graduate dress
698:
676:
673:
659:
656:
605:
604:Undergraduates
602:
600:
597:
583:
580:
505:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
482:
481:
480:White bow tie.
478:
475:
472:
401:
396:
368:
365:
333:
330:
290:
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
274:
269:
263:
235:
234:
231:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
208:
202:
193:
190:
181:
178:
150:
149:
142:
136:
133:
119:
118:
115:
112:
105:
102:
99:
60:
57:
36:academic dress
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2563:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2531:
2521:
2517:
2504:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2401:United States
2398:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2375:Robert Gordon
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2252:Chulalongkorn
2250:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2206:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2090:
2089:Doctoral ring
2087:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2077:Miscellaneous
2075:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1918:
1913:
1911:
1906:
1904:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1841:0-85033-974-X
1838:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1774:(1): 84β100.
1773:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1732:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1669:
1666:
1660:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1633:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1592:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1512:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1447:
1435:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1406:
1402:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1355:
1352:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1309:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1284:
1271:
1267:
1266:Burgon.org.uk
1263:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1218:
1215:
1203:
1199:
1192:
1189:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1163:
1151:
1147:
1141:
1138:
1131:
1129:
1120:
1118:
1117:Tudor bonnets
1114:
1110:
1106:
1098:
1096:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1069:clerical-type
1066:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1050:clerical-type
1046:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1000:
995:
991:
984:
980:
973:
971:
965:
962:
961:
960:
954:
951:
948:
947:
946:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
921:
920:
912:
905:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
882:
881:
878:
871:
866:
865:
864:
862:
861:clerical type
858:
855:Bachelors of
850:
845:
844:
843:
841:
835:
833:
829:
826:
822:
817:
813:
808:
806:
802:
801:clerical-type
799:is a scarlet
798:
790:
786:
779:
776:
773:
770:
769:
768:
765:
761:
756:
750:
748:
741:
738:
737:
736:
733:
730:
729:clerical-type
725:
718:
715:
706:
699:
697:
695:
691:
687:
682:
675:Postgraduates
674:
672:
668:
664:
657:
655:
653:
649:
645:
640:
637:
636:clerical-type
633:
632:exhibitioners
629:
625:
622:
618:
614:
610:
603:
599:Student dress
598:
596:
593:
589:
581:
579:
576:
572:
567:
563:
558:
556:
552:
548:
547:matriculation
544:
540:
538:
534:
529:
525:
521:
516:
514:
510:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
488:White blouse.
487:
486:
485:
479:
476:
473:
470:
469:
468:
465:
462:
457:
454:
448:
415:
406:
400:
397:
395:
393:
392:Tudor bonnets
388:
386:
381:
378:
374:
367:Academic caps
366:
364:
362:
357:
355:
351:
347:
338:
331:
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
306:
303:
302:clerical-type
299:
295:
287:
284:
281:
278:
275:
272:
271:
267:
264:
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
243:
240:
239:clerical-type
232:
229:
226:
223:
220:
217:
214:
211:
210:
206:
205:Clerical-type
203:
201:
199:
191:
189:
187:
179:
177:
175:
171:
166:
162:
157:
155:
147:
143:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
129:
127:
122:
116:
113:
110:
106:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
92:
89:
87:
86:matriculation
83:
79:
78:undergraduate
70:
65:
58:
52:
43:
39:
37:
33:
19:
2384:
2338:
2125:Cecil Beaton
2093:
2001:Tudor bonnet
1981:Doctoral hat
1860:
1846:
1832:
1811:. Retrieved
1807:
1798:
1771:
1767:
1757:
1750:
1746:
1734:
1710:. Retrieved
1706:the original
1696:
1688:
1673:
1668:
1649:
1645:
1635:
1623:. Retrieved
1619:
1610:
1602:
1595:. Retrieved
1590:
1581:
1573:
1566:. Retrieved
1561:
1552:
1540:. Retrieved
1537:www.ox.ac.uk
1536:
1527:
1515:. Retrieved
1510:
1501:
1489:. Retrieved
1484:
1475:
1463:. Retrieved
1459:
1449:
1437:. Retrieved
1433:
1424:
1412:. Retrieved
1405:the original
1400:
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1365:The Guardian
1364:
1354:
1325:
1321:
1311:
1299:. Retrieved
1295:
1286:
1274:. Retrieved
1270:the original
1265:
1256:
1236:
1226:
1217:
1205:. Retrieved
1202:Cherwell.org
1201:
1191:
1179:. Retrieved
1174:
1165:
1153:. Retrieved
1150:www.ox.ac.uk
1149:
1140:
1126:
1112:
1109:mace-bearers
1102:
1093:
1090:The assessor
1083:
1077:
1068:
1064:
1062:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1035:
1030:
1024:
1015:
1006:
1004:
969:
958:
944:
918:
910:
879:
875:
860:
854:
836:
811:
809:
804:
800:
796:
794:
763:
760:undress gown
759:
757:
754:
745:
734:
728:
726:
722:
693:
689:
684:reading for
680:
678:
669:
665:
661:
651:
647:
643:
641:
635:
631:
627:
626:
620:
608:
607:
592:Russell cord
585:
570:
565:
561:
559:
542:
541:
536:
527:
517:
506:
500:Black shoes.
483:
474:Black shoes.
466:
460:
458:
413:
412:
398:
389:
384:
382:
376:
370:
360:
358:
353:
350:Burgon shape
349:
345:
343:
307:
301:
293:
291:
265:
244:
238:
236:
204:
195:
183:
173:
169:
164:
160:
158:
153:
151:
125:
123:
120:
90:
74:
68:
29:
2480:Legal dress
2475:Honor cords
2236:Santo Tomas
2229:Philippines
2145:George Shaw
2130:John Burgon
1996:Student cap
1938:Terminology
1712:27 November
1378:12 December
877:the arms).
613:scholarship
533:Holy Orders
373:mortarboard
371:Men wear a
298:Elizabethan
251:court dress
144:The annual
109:collections
96:Formal Hall
2540:Categories
2380:St Andrews
2334:Nottingham
2329:Manchester
2159:By country
1931:Components
1826:References
1597:30 October
1568:30 October
1517:14 October
1511:Snopes.com
1485:Medium.com
1276:14 October
1115:gowns and
712:See also:
630:(and some
617:exhibition
409:graduation
324:, and the
310:solicitors
247:barristers
188:is given.
141:ceremonies
139:Graduation
2365:Edinburgh
2282:Cambridge
2173:Melbourne
2166:Australia
1869:226059857
1790:213856232
1652:: 47β70.
1625:22 August
1542:5 October
1373:0261-3077
1345:2299/4488
1328:: 30β36.
1228:The Times
1181:5 October
1155:5 October
1027:John Hood
994:John Hood
732:through.
719:BA and MA
609:Commoners
582:Materials
571:full fusc
555:carnation
46:Medicine.
2503:Category
2458:See also
2419:Stanford
2409:Columbia
2358:Scotland
2297:Imperial
2245:Thailand
2220:National
2183:Tasmania
2095:Sub fusc
2032:Liripipe
1954:Headwear
1884:Archived
1813:27 March
1808:Ox.ac.uk
1434:Ox.ac.uk
1301:27 March
1296:Ox.ac.uk
1245:Archived
1113:lay-type
1084:bulldogs
1065:sub-fusc
1041:Proctors
1031:lay-type
1007:lay-type
857:Divinity
805:sub-fusc
764:lay-type
694:Encaenia
690:sub-fusc
686:diplomas
681:lay-type
628:Scholars
621:lay-type
575:proctors
551:Encaenia
385:soft cap
294:lay-type
266:Lay-type
221:BD gown
218:MA gown
215:BA gown
146:Encaenia
107:College
82:graduate
18:Sub fusc
2414:Harvard
2370:Glasgow
2349:Warwick
2277:Bristol
2208:Ireland
2022:Epitoge
1986:Faluche
1976:Couleur
1966:Biretta
1414:22 June
1054:miniver
828:bishops
816:chimere
751:Doctors
566:subfusc
562:subfusc
543:Subfusc
537:subfusc
528:subfusc
524:uniform
461:subfusc
414:Subfusc
399:Subfusc
361:subfusc
352:or the
257:in the
255:bishops
198:Doctors
174:subfusc
170:subfusc
165:subfusc
161:subfusc
154:subfusc
126:subfusc
69:subfusc
2516:Portal
2440:France
2339:Oxford
2322:King's
2317:London
2292:Exeter
2287:Durham
2215:Dublin
2199:McGill
2192:Canada
2118:People
2042:Tippet
1867:
1853:
1839:
1788:
1593:. 2022
1564:. 2022
1491:31 May
1465:31 May
1439:31 May
1371:
1207:22 May
1105:bedels
1080:police
1073:tippet
1058:tippet
821:rochet
377:square
320:, the
104:Chapel
2485:Praxe
2445:Spain
2435:China
2344:Wales
2307:Leeds
2084:Bands
2068:Khrui
2051:Gowns
2037:Stole
2010:Hoods
1786:S2CID
1408:(PDF)
1397:(PDF)
1132:Notes
1082:, or
789:DPhil
588:stuff
509:bands
453:Latin
332:Hoods
268:gowns
249:(see
207:gowns
192:Gowns
2302:Kent
2063:Gown
2058:Cope
2027:Hood
2017:Cowl
1865:OCLC
1851:ISBN
1837:ISBN
1815:2021
1714:2013
1627:2023
1599:2022
1570:2022
1544:2022
1519:2010
1493:2019
1467:2019
1441:2019
1416:2015
1380:2023
1369:ISSN
1303:2021
1278:2010
1209:2015
1183:2022
1157:2022
1107:(or
810:The
795:The
758:The
646:and
292:The
237:The
128:to:
80:and
30:The
1776:doi
1654:doi
1340:hdl
1330:doi
823:by
814:or
652:lay
615:or
2542::
1806:.
1784:.
1772:17
1770:.
1766:.
1722:^
1681:^
1650:10
1648:.
1644:.
1618:.
1601:.
1589:.
1572:.
1560:.
1535:.
1509:.
1483:.
1458:.
1432:.
1399:.
1367:.
1363:.
1338:.
1324:.
1320:.
1294:.
1264:.
1225:,
1200:.
1173:.
1148:.
834:.
590:,
539:.
515:.
328:.
312:,
261:.
156:.
2518::
1916:e
1909:t
1902:v
1817:.
1792:.
1778::
1716:.
1662:.
1656::
1629:.
1546:.
1521:.
1495:.
1469:.
1443:.
1418:.
1382:.
1348:.
1342::
1332::
1326:2
1305:.
1280:.
1251:.
1211:.
1185:.
1159:.
447:/
444:k
441:s
438:Κ
435:f
432:Λ
429:b
426:Κ
423:s
420:/
416:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
