792:. He said "Hezbollah should not be defending the criminal regime that kills its own people and that has never fired a shot in defense of the Palestinians". al-Tufayli added: "those Hezbollah fighters who are killing children and terrorizing people and destroying houses in Syria will go to hell". He also berated the Lebanese Army for not stopping Lebanese citizens crossing the border to fight in Syria.
677:, a position he held until 1991. However, the period was marked by heavy factionalism within the organization, between Tufayli's followers who pursued a more independent policy and the Nasrallah faction that toed a staunchly pro-Iranian line. Tufayli supporters got systematically sidelined and the Nasrallah faction steadily gained ascendency in the organization structures with the backing of
720:
was caused by Iran's take over of
Hezbollah from the original Lebanese leadership, and Iran's opposition to tactics under his leadership of violence against Israel and a demand to the end of the state of Israel; al Tufayli stated explicitly that Iran wanted to use Hezbollah as a "border guard" for Israel.
755:
protesting neglect of rural areas and competition from imported crops. Roads were blocked with burning tyres and dumped farm produce. Around 3,000 troops were deployed and 23 protesters arrested. One of the triggers of the protest was the increase of school fees for the new academic year to $ 300 per
719:
Al-Tufayli continued to oppose
Hezbollah's participation in Lebanese national elections and its "moderation" toward the Lebanese state. He also disagreed with Hizbollahâs support of the Government crack down on drug cultivation. al-Tufayli himself however stated that the internal split in Hezbollah
583:
favoured by Iran began to emerge dominant. The main dispute was over
Tufayli's insistence on shunning Lebanese politics and instead focus on fighting armed insurgency against Israel, which the Nasrallah faction downplayed. After violent confrontations between Tufayli's followers and Hezbollah
711:. Despite strong protests from the Tufayli faction, Hezbollah participated in elections, winning 12 seats and effectively transformed into a political party within the Lebanese system. By 1994, Tufayli had publicly admitted that he no longer any influence in the group:
772:
In
January 1998 al-Tufayli and MP Khadr Tulays were expelled from Hizbollah. A week later, 30 January, al-Tufayli and a group of armed men took over a school in Baalbek where Hizbollah officials were meeting. There followed a two hour shootout with the
777:
which left two soldiers and three of al-Tufayliâs followers, including MP Tulays, dead. There were fifty civilian casualties including a woman killed. Al-Tufayli and around thirty gunmen succeeded in escaping to his home village,
746:
Al-Tufayli said it is "completely unacceptable that a human being could be humiliated because of poverty or because they were in need." In the autumn he organised demonstrations in sixty villages around
673:
in 1989, Hezbollah saw increasing
Iranian control and was made to undergo fundamental structural changes. During the first conclave of the organization in 1989, Al-Tufayli was chosen as the first
1735:
1197:
1174:
575:
Al-Tufayli is a Shia
Islamist, but is a very vocal critic of Iran and the current Hezbollah leadership. Tufayli's split with Hezbollah arose during 1990s after the death of co-founder
1831:
827:" (Wilayat al-Faqih) is un-Islamic and its government tyrannical. al-Tufayli claims that Hezbollah today is acting as border guards for Israel and mercenaries for Iran and the West.
638:
from a comparatively young age. Viewing him as the top-ranking Shia religious cleric within its ranks, Hezbollah elected al-Tufayli as their "President of the
Islamic Republic" of
1710:
Former
Hizbullah Secretary-General Subhi Al-Tufeili: 'The Worst Dictatorships Do Not Do What Is Being Done Today in Tehran'; The Rule of the Jurisprudent Is a 'Heretical Doctrine'
312:
1004:
1685:"FMR. Hizbullah Leader Tufayli Criticizes Intervention in Syria: The Shiites Must Reach Understanding with All Sunnis "Without Exception," Confront West, Russia"
297:
642:. Hezbollah militant units patrolled Beqaa valley, enforcing strict religious norms and dress-codes amongst its residents; and banned Western cultural trends.
824:
247:
1824:
1684:
1151:
200:
1933:
1898:
735:
being deployed in attempt to prevent people attending an estimated 10,000 people took part in the demonstration. The protest received support from
1743:
1479:
1205:
816:
382:
263:
782:. Subsequently his office in Beirut and radio station, âThe Voice of the Resistanceâ, were closed down but al-Tufayli himself was not detained.
1817:
1182:
1463:
1430:
1397:
1372:
1339:
1301:
1135:
1110:
1085:
1052:
1027:
988:
938:
905:
302:
284:
269:
715:"I am an ordinary militant, and I do not participate in decision-making. This has been true since the time of the legislative elections."
528:
1635:
1268:
1230:
963:
1651:
1220:
1913:
1908:
1840:
1791:
700:
693:
674:
557:
435:
190:
183:
55:
1712:. (from an interview with former Hizbullah secretary-general Subhi Al-Tufeili, which aired on Murr TV on January 30, 2012)
708:
228:
1555:
376:
1928:
1903:
1893:
1518:
166:
215:
361:
1620:
685:
329:
279:
210:
195:
1159:
521:
723:
Al-Tufayli also promoted the cause against the corruption in South
Lebanon, Beirut and the whole state, as
1918:
877:
678:
655:
205:
147:
1483:
1698:
Former
Hizbullah Secretary-General Subhi Al-Tufeili: Nasrallah Implements Khamenei's Policy in Lebanon
788:
In February 2013, al-Tufayli berated Hezbollah for fighting on behalf of the Syrian government in the
1923:
659:
334:
171:
152:
835:
1551:
1534:
1175:"Former Hezbollah chief: 'Tehran is only investing in Lebanon's Shia to serve its own interests'"
998:
560:
from 1989 until 1991. From a comparatively young age, Tufayli achieved popular following amongst
514:
483:
240:
129:
1222:
The Shifts in Hizbullah's Ideology: Religious Ideology, Political Ideology and Political Program
1667:
830:
Explaining his opposition to the Iranian regime and its geo-political agenda, Tufayli states:
1459:
1426:
1393:
1368:
1335:
1297:
1264:
1226:
1131:
1106:
1081:
1048:
1023:
984:
959:
934:
901:
157:
1871:
1451:
1418:
1360:
1289:
1073:
926:
808:
789:
689:
580:
492:
462:
453:
290:
274:
252:
1632:
1865:
1801:
1639:
1522:
760:
was less than $ 500. Al-Tufayli advocated refusing to pay taxes and stopping repayment of
727:
did, in his Movement of the 1970s. On 4 July 1997 he organised a protest demonstration in
651:
616:
576:
545:
449:
88:
1709:
1538:
812:
785:
He created a breakaway group from Hizbollah with a more populist anti-corruption tone.
663:
608:
699:
As flashpoint in the rivalry was Tufayli's opposition to Hezbollah's participation in
1887:
843:
774:
732:
707:. Tufayli viewed this as a distraction from the more pressing armed struggle against
561:
371:
1633:
Hizballah Rising: The Political Battle for the Loyalty of the Shi'a of Lebanon MERIA
1809:
1770:
1765:
1759:
1504:
839:
820:
757:
740:
724:
704:
681:
635:
628:
612:
611:
era, where he met other Islamist clerics, and he was influenced by Lebanese cleric
569:
411:
1736:"'They exploited sectarianism': Former Hezbollah leader Tufayli talks Iran, Syria"
1599:
1198:"'They exploited sectarianism': Former Hezbollah leader Tufayli talks Iran, Syria"
1588:
1697:
859:
552:; born 1948) is a Lebanese senior Shi'ite cleric and politician who founded the
478:
366:
631:
in 1982. Beqaa is one of Hezbollah's three main regions of support in Lebanon.
591:; and has urged his followers to stand against Iranian hegemony in the region.
1721:
1671:
1560:
620:
488:
17:
1846:
1655:
872:
752:
624:
553:
137:
1619:
Middle East International, No 568, 13 February 1998; Reinoud Leenders p.12
1515:
565:
1668:"Hezbollah fighters killed in Syria will âgo to hell,â says former leader"
1455:
1422:
1364:
1293:
1261:
Origins of Terrorism: Psychologies, Ideologies, Theologies, States of Mind
1152:"Pressure intensifies on Lebanese Hizbullah as top Shia clerics speak out"
1077:
956:
Origins of Terrorism: Psychologies, Ideologies, Theologies, States of Mind
930:
1259:
Reich, Walter; Kramer, Martin (1998). "8: The moral logic of Hezbollah".
954:
Reich, Walter; Kramer, Martin (1998). "8: The moral logic of Hezbollah".
728:
670:
401:
1565:
1247:
Hizb'allah in Lebanon : The Politics of the Western Hostage Crisis
847:
639:
587:
The cleric has since been active as a fierce opponent of Hezbollah and
406:
113:
1390:
Hizbullah's Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto
1332:
Hizbullah's Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto
1020:
Hizbullah's Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto
898:
Hizbullah's Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto
634:
Tufayli attained reputation as the most learned Shi'ite cleric in the
1610:
Middle East International No 562, 7 November 1997; Giles Trendle p.16
799:
was created by Iranian and Syrian Governments with help from Russia.
779:
748:
109:
662:
who were linked to leading Hezbollah members were now free, and the
851:
736:
600:
1579:
Middle East International No 554, 11 July 1997; Giles Trendle p.9
1448:
Hizb'Allah in Lebanon: The Politics of the Western Hostage Crisis
1415:
Hizb'Allah in Lebanon: The Politics of the Western Hostage Crisis
1357:
Hizb'Allah in Lebanon: The Politics of the Western Hostage Crisis
1286:
Hizb'Allah in Lebanon: The Politics of the Western Hostage Crisis
1070:
Hizb'Allah in Lebanon: The Politics of the Western Hostage Crisis
923:
Hizb'Allah in Lebanon: The Politics of the Western Hostage Crisis
1263:. Washington DC, USA: Woodrow Wilson Center Press. p. 138.
958:. Washington DC, USA: Woodrow Wilson Center Press. p. 138.
855:
796:
761:
604:
588:
1813:
756:
child. At the time the average annual per capita income in the
1623:
reported Tulays killed while attempting to negotiate ceasefire
1533:
Middle East International No 562, 7 November 1997; Publishers
599:
Al-Tufayli spent nine years studying theology in the city of
1652:"Hezbollah fighters dying in Syria will go to hell, Tufaili"
1288:. London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 35, 36, 65, 66.
1771:
Tufaili Returns to Lebanese Political Scene, December 1999
688:. This culminated in the appointment of Khamenei loyalist
858:
and everywhere else telling them âyou are minorities in
834:" successors who came after him built their politics on
981:
War and Religion: An Encyclopedia of Faith and Conflict
564:
community, who viewed him as the most learned Shi'ite
658:
had wound down since the "Kuwait 17" bombers of the
1359:. London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 72, 77.
1072:. London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 35, 36.
925:. London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 35, 36.
103:
98:
82:
72:
54:
34:
1417:. London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 75â77.
666:had essentially ended the Civil War in Lebanon.
584:members, he was expelled from Hezbollah in 1998.
1674:, 26 February 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
1658:, 26 February 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
1480:"The break with Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah"
615:. Returning to Lebanon, al-Tufayli joined with
1450:. London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 77.
1825:
522:
8:
1003:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1722:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERqE2XiVFy8
1249:, New York, St. Martins Press, (1997), p.46
979:M. Shaw, J. Demy, Jeffrey, Timothy (2017).
823:, that the Islamic Republic's doctrine of "
1832:
1818:
1810:
1775:
807:More recently, al-Tufayli has stated that
529:
515:
431:
355:
233:
124:
31:
27:Secretary-general of Hezbollah (born 1948)
1762:by Gary C. Gambill and Ziad K. Abdelnour
1561:"Iran Alliance with US-Israel- YouTube2"
1392:. Pallas Publications. pp. 22, 23.
1022:. Pallas Publications. pp. 22, 23.
900:. Pallas Publications. pp. 22, 23.
1766:Lebanese army hunts down radical cleric
1505:Lebanese army hunts down radical cleric
1105:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 77, 78.
1047:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 77, 78.
888:
470:
434:
393:
320:
136:
1760:Hezbollah: Between Tehran and Damascus
1516:Hezbollah: Between Tehran and Damascus
996:
709:Zionist occupation of Southern Lebanon
201:2006â2008 Lebanese political protests
7:
650:In 1984, al-Tufayli was replaced by
1334:. Pallas Publications. p. 22.
696:during its third conclave in 1993.
556:militant group in 1982 and was its
549:
1734:El-Bar, Karim (30 December 2016).
1196:El-Bar, Karim (30 December 2016).
1130:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 78.
1128:The changing ideology of Hezbollah
1103:The changing ideology of Hezbollah
1045:The changing ideology of Hezbollah
811:is implementing the agenda of the
654:as head of Hezbollah. Hezbollah's
264:South Lebanon conflict (1985â2000)
25:
1934:People of the Lebanese Civil War
1899:Secretaries-general of Hezbollah
285:IranâSaudi Arabia proxy conflict
731:. Despite being banned and the
270:2000â2006 Shebaa Farms conflict
1792:Secretary-General of Hezbollah
1724:"True Face of Hezbollah" video
1225:. Amsterdam University Press.
694:Secretary-General of Hezbollah
675:Secretary-General of Hezbollah
191:Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc
56:Secretary-General of Hezbollah
1:
1173:Kawas, Mohamed (8 May 2016).
862:areasâ and this is not true."
846:... They deceive the Shia in
1600:News from Beirut July 7 1997
1589:News from Beirut July 7 1997
1388:Elie Alagha, Joseph (2011).
1330:Elie Alagha, Joseph (2011).
1219:Alagha, Joseph Elie (2006).
1018:Elie Alagha, Joseph (2011).
896:Elie Alagha, Joseph (2011).
377:Lebanese Communication Group
1126:al-Aloosy, Massaab (2020).
1101:al-Aloosy, Massaab (2020).
1043:al-Aloosy, Massaab (2020).
107:1948 (age 75–76)
1950:
383:Islamic Resistance Support
216:Hezbollah-Russia relations
1855:
1798:
1789:
1783:
1778:
1446:Ranstorp, Magnus (1997).
1413:Ranstorp, Magnus (1997).
1355:Ranstorp, Magnus (1997).
1284:Ranstorp, Magnus (1997).
1068:Ranstorp, Magnus (1997).
983:. ABC-CLIO. p. 339.
921:Ranstorp, Magnus (1997).
842:for the benefit of their
703:, which was supported by
362:Hezbollah social services
119:
94:
61:
50:
41:
1779:Party political offices
825:Rule of the Jurisprudent
817:Islamic Republic of Iran
595:Early life and education
280:2008 conflict in Lebanon
211:Hezbollah-Iran relations
196:2008 conflict in Lebanon
42:
1638:8 November 2006 at the
1521:13 October 2007 at the
656:hostage-taking campaign
558:first Secretary-General
248:1983 US Embassy bombing
1158:. 2021. Archived from
878:Lebanon hostage crisis
864:
717:
701:1992 general elections
684:and Iranian President
679:Iranian Supreme Leader
579:, when the faction of
1914:Lebanese Shia Muslims
1909:Lebanese Shia clerics
1456:10.1057/9780230377509
1423:10.1057/9780230377509
1365:10.1057/9780230377509
1318:Hizb'allah in Lebanon
1294:10.1057/9780230377509
1078:10.1057/9780230377509
931:10.1057/9780230377509
832:
795:He also claimed that
713:
298:Hezbollah involvement
1786:Position established
1541:; Giles Trendle p.16
884:References and notes
660:1983 Kuwait bombings
335:Imam al-Mahdi Scouts
313:2023 border conflict
303:Spillover in Lebanon
184:Political activities
78:Position established
1842:Secretaries-General
1746:on 20 October 2021.
1208:on 20 October 2021.
1162:on 5 February 2023.
838:... They exploited
669:After the death of
436:Secretaries-General
385:Organization (IRSO)
229:Military activities
1929:Islamic Dawa Party
1904:Lebanese Islamists
1894:Hezbollah founders
1316:Ranstorp, Magnus,
1245:Ranstorp, Magnus,
619:to help found the
484:Hashim Safi Al Din
241:Lebanese Civil War
1881:
1880:
1808:
1807:
1799:Succeeded by
1539:Dennis Walters MP
1465:978-0-333-68401-6
1432:978-0-333-68401-6
1399:978-90-8555-037-2
1374:978-0-333-68401-6
1341:978-90-8555-037-2
1303:978-0-333-68401-6
1137:978-3-030-34846-5
1112:978-3-030-34846-5
1087:978-0-333-68401-6
1054:978-3-030-34846-5
1029:978-90-8555-037-2
990:978-1-61069-516-9
940:978-0-333-68401-6
907:978-90-8555-037-2
539:
538:
504:
503:
419:
418:
343:
342:
167:Foreign relations
123:
122:
16:(Redirected from
1941:
1872:Hassan Nasrallah
1860:Subhi al-Tufayli
1849:
1843:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1811:
1784:Preceded by
1776:
1748:
1747:
1742:. Archived from
1731:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1681:
1675:
1665:
1659:
1649:
1643:
1630:
1624:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1586:
1580:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1569:. 11 April 2012.
1548:
1542:
1531:
1525:
1513:
1507:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1482:. Archived from
1476:
1470:
1469:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1327:
1321:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1256:
1250:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1204:. Archived from
1193:
1187:
1186:
1185:on 18 June 2021.
1181:. Archived from
1170:
1164:
1163:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1002:
994:
976:
970:
969:
951:
945:
944:
918:
912:
911:
893:
836:Persian identity
809:Hassan Nasrallah
790:Syrian civil war
690:Hassan Nasrallah
581:Hassan Nasrallah
577:Abbas al-Mousavi
562:Lebanese Shi'ite
551:
542:Subhi al-Tufayli
531:
524:
517:
497:
471:Senior officials
463:Hassan Nasrallah
458:
445:Subhi al-Tufayli
432:
356:
291:Syrian civil war
275:2006 Lebanon War
253:War of the Camps
234:
125:
99:Personal details
85:
75:
66:
45:
36:Subhi al-Tufayli
32:
21:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1866:Abbas al-Musawi
1851:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1804:
1802:Abbas al-Musawi
1795:
1787:
1756:
1751:
1740:Middle East Eye
1733:
1732:
1728:
1720:
1716:
1708:
1704:
1700:28 January 2007
1696:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1666:
1662:
1650:
1646:
1640:Wayback Machine
1631:
1627:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1559:
1556:Wayback Machine
1549:
1545:
1532:
1528:
1523:Wayback Machine
1514:
1510:
1503:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1486:on 16 July 2011
1478:
1477:
1473:
1466:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1433:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1400:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1375:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1342:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1315:
1311:
1304:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1244:
1240:
1233:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1202:Middle East Eye
1195:
1194:
1190:
1179:The Arab Weekly
1172:
1171:
1167:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1113:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1088:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1017:
1016:
1012:
995:
991:
978:
977:
973:
966:
953:
952:
948:
941:
920:
919:
915:
908:
895:
894:
890:
886:
869:
844:Persian project
805:
770:
652:Abbas al-Musawi
648:
617:Abbas al-Musawi
597:
535:
506:
505:
493:
454:
450:Abbas al-Musawi
429:
421:
420:
387:
384:
353:
345:
344:
339:
309:
308:
266:
259:
258:
231:
221:
220:
186:
176:
162:
108:
89:Abbas al-Musawi
83:
73:
67:
62:
46:
43:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1947:
1945:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1886:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1874:(1992âpresent)
1869:
1863:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1814:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1797:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1755:
1754:External links
1752:
1750:
1749:
1726:
1714:
1702:
1690:
1676:
1660:
1644:
1625:
1612:
1603:
1592:
1581:
1572:
1543:
1526:
1508:
1497:
1471:
1464:
1438:
1431:
1405:
1398:
1380:
1373:
1347:
1340:
1322:
1309:
1302:
1276:
1269:
1251:
1238:
1231:
1211:
1188:
1165:
1143:
1136:
1118:
1111:
1093:
1086:
1060:
1053:
1035:
1028:
1010:
989:
971:
964:
946:
939:
913:
906:
887:
885:
882:
881:
880:
875:
868:
865:
813:Supreme Leader
804:
801:
769:
768:Post-Hezbollah
766:
664:Taif Agreement
647:
644:
621:Shiite Islamic
609:Saddam Hussein
596:
593:
537:
536:
534:
533:
526:
519:
511:
508:
507:
502:
501:
500:
499:
486:
481:
473:
472:
468:
467:
466:
465:
460:
447:
439:
438:
430:
427:
426:
423:
422:
417:
416:
415:
414:
409:
404:
396:
395:
391:
390:
389:
388:
381:
379:
374:
369:
364:
354:
351:
350:
347:
346:
341:
340:
338:
337:
332:
330:Armed strength
326:
323:
322:
318:
317:
316:
315:
310:
307:
306:
300:
293:
289:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
260:
257:
256:
250:
243:
239:
232:
227:
226:
223:
222:
219:
218:
213:
208:
206:Doha Agreement
203:
198:
193:
187:
182:
181:
178:
177:
175:
174:
169:
163:
161:
160:
155:
150:
144:
141:
140:
134:
133:
121:
120:
117:
116:
105:
101:
100:
96:
95:
92:
91:
86:
80:
79:
76:
70:
69:
59:
58:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1946:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1919:Living people
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1823:
1821:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1803:
1794:
1793:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1730:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1691:
1686:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1616:
1613:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1585:
1582:
1576:
1573:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1498:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1442:
1439:
1434:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1409:
1406:
1401:
1395:
1391:
1384:
1381:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1351:
1348:
1343:
1337:
1333:
1326:
1323:
1320:, 1997, p.105
1319:
1313:
1310:
1305:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1277:
1272:
1270:0-943875-89-7
1266:
1262:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1234:
1232:9789053569108
1228:
1224:
1223:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1192:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1169:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1122:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1104:
1097:
1094:
1089:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1036:
1031:
1025:
1021:
1014:
1011:
1006:
1000:
992:
986:
982:
975:
972:
967:
965:0-943875-89-7
961:
957:
950:
947:
942:
936:
932:
928:
924:
917:
914:
909:
903:
899:
892:
889:
883:
879:
876:
874:
871:
870:
866:
863:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
831:
828:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
802:
800:
798:
793:
791:
786:
783:
781:
776:
775:Lebanese Army
767:
765:
763:
759:
754:
750:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
721:
716:
712:
710:
706:
702:
697:
695:
692:as the third
691:
687:
683:
680:
676:
672:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
645:
643:
641:
637:
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
607:, during the
606:
602:
594:
592:
590:
585:
582:
578:
573:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
547:
543:
532:
527:
525:
520:
518:
513:
512:
510:
509:
498:
496:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
476:
475:
474:
469:
464:
461:
459:
457:
451:
448:
446:
443:
442:
441:
440:
437:
433:
425:
424:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
399:
398:
397:
392:
386:
380:
378:
375:
373:
372:Jihad al-Bina
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
359:
358:
357:
352:Organizations
349:
348:
336:
333:
331:
328:
327:
325:
324:
319:
314:
311:
304:
301:
299:
295:
294:
292:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
265:
261:
254:
251:
249:
245:
244:
242:
238:
237:
236:
235:
230:
225:
224:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
188:
185:
180:
179:
173:
170:
168:
165:
164:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
145:
143:
142:
139:
135:
131:
127:
126:
118:
115:
111:
106:
102:
97:
93:
90:
87:
81:
77:
71:
65:
60:
57:
53:
49:
40:
33:
30:
19:
18:Subhi Tufayli
1859:
1790:
1744:the original
1739:
1729:
1717:
1705:
1693:
1679:
1663:
1647:
1628:
1615:
1606:
1595:
1584:
1575:
1564:
1552:Ghostarchive
1550:Archived at
1546:
1529:
1511:
1500:
1488:. Retrieved
1484:the original
1474:
1447:
1441:
1414:
1408:
1389:
1383:
1356:
1350:
1331:
1325:
1317:
1312:
1285:
1279:
1260:
1254:
1246:
1241:
1221:
1214:
1206:the original
1201:
1191:
1183:the original
1178:
1168:
1160:the original
1155:
1146:
1127:
1121:
1102:
1096:
1069:
1063:
1044:
1038:
1019:
1013:
980:
974:
955:
949:
922:
916:
897:
891:
840:sectarianism
833:
829:
821:Ali Khamenei
806:
794:
787:
784:
771:
764:soft loans.
758:Beqaa valley
745:
741:Dany Chamoun
725:Musa al-Sadr
722:
718:
714:
705:Ali Khamenei
698:
682:Ali Khamenei
668:
649:
646:In Hezbollah
636:Beqaa Valley
633:
629:Beqaa Valley
613:Musa al-Sadr
598:
586:
574:
570:Beqaa Valley
550:ؾبŘ٠اŮءŮŮŮŮ
541:
540:
494:
455:
444:
412:Al-Ahed News
321:Capabilities
84:Succeeded by
63:
44:ؾبŘ٠اŮءŮŮŮŮ
29:
1924:1948 births
1868:(1991â1992)
1862:(1989â1991)
1535:Lord Mayhew
1490:19 December
479:Naim Qassem
367:Bayt al-Mal
74:Preceded by
1888:Categories
1796:1989â1991
1672:Al Arabiya
1642:March 2005
1621:Daily Star
686:Rafsanjani
489:Fuad Shukr
1848:Hezbollah
1656:Ya Libnan
999:cite book
873:Hezbollah
753:Nabi Chit
625:Hezbollah
623:group of
554:Hezbollah
138:Hezbollah
68:1989â1991
64:In office
1636:Archived
1554:and the
1519:Archived
1156:Diyaruna
867:See also
729:Baalbeck
671:Khomeini
640:Ba'albek
402:Al-Manar
148:Ideology
130:a series
128:Part of
1566:YouTube
848:Lebanon
815:of the
627:in the
568:in the
566:scholar
495:†
456:†
407:Al-Nour
172:Funding
153:History
114:Lebanon
1462:
1429:
1396:
1371:
1338:
1300:
1267:
1229:
1134:
1109:
1084:
1051:
1026:
987:
962:
937:
904:
780:Brital
749:Brital
546:Arabic
491:
452:
428:People
110:Brital
860:Sunni
852:Syria
803:Views
737:Zahle
601:Najaf
394:Media
1492:2007
1460:ISBN
1427:ISBN
1394:ISBN
1369:ISBN
1336:ISBN
1298:ISBN
1265:ISBN
1227:ISBN
1132:ISBN
1107:ISBN
1082:ISBN
1049:ISBN
1024:ISBN
1005:link
985:ISBN
960:ISBN
935:ISBN
902:ISBN
856:Iraq
797:ISIS
762:UNDP
751:and
739:and
733:army
605:Iraq
589:Iran
158:Flag
104:Born
1845:of
1452:doi
1419:doi
1361:doi
1290:doi
1074:doi
927:doi
743:.
1890::
1738:.
1670:.
1654:.
1563:.
1558::
1537:,
1458:.
1425:.
1367:.
1296:.
1200:.
1177:.
1154:.
1080:.
1001:}}
997:{{
933:.
854:,
850:,
819:,
603:,
572:.
548::
132:on
112:,
1833:e
1826:t
1819:v
1687:.
1494:.
1468:.
1454::
1435:.
1421::
1402:.
1377:.
1363::
1344:.
1306:.
1292::
1273:.
1235:.
1140:.
1115:.
1090:.
1076::
1057:.
1032:.
1007:)
993:.
968:.
943:.
929::
910:.
544:(
530:e
523:t
516:v
305:)
296:(
255:)
246:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.