742:. There is no European rating for transmittance protection for radiation of up to 400 nm ("UV400"), as required in other countries (incl. the United States) and recommended by experts. The current European standard, EN 1836:2005, was preceded by the older standards EN 166:1995 (Personal eye protection – Specifications), EN167: 1995 (Personal eye protection – Optical test methods), and EN168: 1995 (Personal eye protection – Non-optical test methods), which in 2002 were republished as a revised standard under the name of EN 1836:1997 (which included two amendments). In addition to filtering, the standard also lists requirements for minimum robustness, labeling, materials (non-toxic for skin contact and not combustible) and lack of protrusions (to avoid harm when wearing them). Categories for the European standard, which are required to be marked on the frame:
1012:, the visor of the astronauts' helmets, which also has a thin gold coating for extra protection, functions as strong sunglasses. The frames of sunglasses and corrective glasses used in space must meet special requirements. They must be flexible and durable, and must fit firmly in zero-gravity. Reliable fit is particularly important when wearing corrective glasses underneath tight helmets and in space suits: once inside the spacesuit, slipped glasses cannot be touched to push them back into place, sometimes for up to ten hours. Frames and glasses must be designed so that small pieces of the glasses such as screws and glass particles cannot become dislodged, then float and be inhaled. 90% of astronauts wear glasses in space, even if they do not require corrective glasses on Earth, because zero-gravity and pressure changes temporarily affect their vision.
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729:(incl. Part 1 Safety Requirements and Part 2 Performance Requirements), and replaced in 2003 by AS/NZS 1067:2003 Sunglasses and fashion spectacles. This aligned the Australian standard to the European standard opening the European market to Australian-made sunglasses. The Australian Standard AS-NZS 1067 defines standards for sunglasses with respect both to UVA (wavelengths between 315 nm and 400 nm) and UVB transmittance. The five ratings for transmittance (filter) under this standard are based on the amount of absorbed light, 0 to 4, with "0" providing some protection from UV radiation and sunglare, and "4" indicating a high level of protection, but not to be worn when driving.
580:
protective lenses can block much or little light, resulting in dark or light lenses. The lens color is not a guarantee either. Lenses of various colors can offer sufficient (or insufficient) UV protection. Regarding blue light, the color gives at least a first indication: Blue blocking lenses are commonly yellow or brown, whereas blue or gray lenses cannot offer the necessary blue light protection. However, not every yellow or brown lens blocks sufficient blue light. In rare cases, lenses can filter out too much blue light (i.e., 100%), which affects color vision and can be dangerous in traffic when colored signals are not properly recognized.
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1259:. Glass lenses have the best optical clarity and scratch resistance, but are heavier than plastic lenses. They can also shatter or break on impact. Plastic lenses are lighter and shatter-resistant, but are more prone to scratching. Polycarbonate plastic lenses are the lightest, and are also almost shatterproof, making them good for impact protection. CR-39 is the most common plastic lens, due to low weight, high scratch resistance, and low transparency for ultraviolet and infrared radiation. SR-91 is a proprietary material that was introduced by
1379:. Nylon frames are usually used in sports because they are lightweight and flexible. They are able to bend slightly and return to their original shape instead of breaking when pressure is applied to them. This flex can also help the glasses grip better on the wearer's face. Metal frames are usually more rigid than nylon frames, thus they can be more easily damaged when the wearer participates in sport activities, but this is not to say that they cannot be used for such activities. Because metal frames are more rigid, some models have
40:
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670:. The relevance of sunglasses within the fashion industry has included prominent fashion editors' reviews of annual trends in sunglasses as well as runway fashion shows featuring sunglasses as a primary or secondary component of a look. Fashion trends can also draw on the "cool" image of sunglasses and association with a particular lifestyle, especially the close connection between sunglasses and beach life. In some cases, this connection serves as the core concept behind an entire brand.
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unsuitable for driving at any time; they should by UK law be labelled 'Not suitable for driving and road use'. Yellow tinted lenses are also not recommended for night use. Due to the light levels within the car, filter category 2 lenses which transmit between 18% and 43% of light are recommended for daytime driving. Polarised lenses normally have a fixed tint, and can reduce reflected glare more than non-polarised lenses of the same density, particularly on wet roads.
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2008:
of tripping over something and also allowing the user to see. Wearing sunglasses to nightclubs has become common in recent times, where the gradient lens comes in handy. Gradient lenses may also be advantageous for activities such as flying airplanes and driving automobiles, as they allow the operator a clear view of the instrument panel, low in his line of sight and usually hidden in shadow, while still reducing glare from the view out the windscreen.
1410:, are used making them non-toxic and nearly allergy free. The construction of a wooden frame involves laser-cutting from planks of wood. Already cut and ground to a uniform size, a buffing wheel is used to sand and buff every piece separately before they are assembled. The laser-cutouts of wood are then glued together by hand (mostly), layer on layer, to produce wooden frames. Some brands have experimented with recycled wood from objects like
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677:, who may wear sunglasses to avoid making others uncomfortable. The assumption is that it may be more comfortable for another person not to see the hidden eyes rather than see abnormal eyes or eyes which seem to look in the wrong direction. People may also wear sunglasses to hide dilated or contracted pupils, bloodshot eyes due to drug use, chronic dark circles or crow's feet, recent physical abuse (such as a
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set of lenses is less than the cost of a separate pair of glasses, and carrying extra lenses is less bulky than carrying multiple pairs of glasses. It also allows easy replacement of a set of lenses if they are damaged. The most common type of sunglasses with interchangeable lenses has a single lens or shield that covers both eyes. Styles that use two lenses also exist, but are less common.
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1942:
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standard includes requirements for basic impact and high impact protection. In the basic impact test, a 1 in (2.54 cm) steel ball is dropped on the lens from a height of 50 in (127 cm). In the high velocity test, a 1/4 in (6.35 mm) steel ball is shot at the lens at 150 ft/s (45.72 m/s). To pass both tests, no part of the lens may touch the eye.
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2000:
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Gradient lenses go from a darker shade at the top to a lighter one at the bottom, so there will be more protection from sunlight the higher one looks through the lens, but the lower one looks through the lens, the less protection is offered. An advantage is that one can wear them indoors without fear
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all wore teashades. The original teashade design was made up of medium-sized, perfectly round lenses, supported by pads on the bridge of the nose and a thin wire frame. When teashades became popular in the late 1960s, they were often elaborated: Lenses were elaborately colored, mirrored, and produced
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have produced guidance for selection of sunglasses for driving. Variable tint or photochromic lenses increase their optical density when exposed to UV light, reverting to their clear state when the UV brightness decreases. Car windscreens filter out UV light, slowing and limiting the reaction of the
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Wrap-arounds are a style of sunglasses characterized by being strongly curved, to wrap around the face. They may have a single curved semi-circular lens that covers both eyes and much of the same area of the face covered by protective goggles, usually with a minimal plastic frame and single piece of
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Frames can be made to hold the lenses in several different ways. There are three common styles: full frame, half frame, and frameless. Full frame glasses have the frame go all around the lenses. Half frames go around only half the lens; typically the frames attach to the top of the lenses and on the
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can be manufactured with either tinting or darkened to serve as sunglasses. An alternative is to use the corrective glasses with a secondary lenses such as oversize sunglasses that fit over the regular glasses, clip-on lens that are placed in front of the glasses, and flip-up glasses which feature a
827:
Even though some of these glasses are proven good enough for driving at night, it is strongly recommended not to do so, due to the changes in a wide variety of light intensities, especially while using yellow tinted protection glasses. The main purpose of these glasses are to protect the wearer from
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Z80.3-2001, which includes three transmittance categories. According to this standard, the lens should have a UVB (280 to 315 nm) transmittance of no more than one per cent and a UVA (315 to 380 nm) transmittance of no more than 0.3 times the visual light transmittance. The ANSI Z87.1-2003
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The international standard for sunglasses is ISO 12312. It is divided into three parts, the first of them, about "Sunglasses for general use", was first published in 2013 and then with a new edition in 2022. The second, about "Filters for direct observation of the sun", was published in 2015 and the
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magazine wrote of how sunglasses were a "new fad for wear on city streets ... a favorite affectation of thousands of women all over the U.S." It stated that 20 million sunglasses were sold in the United States in 1937 but estimated that only about 25% of
American wearers needed them to protect their
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coating can be applied to the lens. This mirrored coating deflects some of the light when it hits the lens so that it is not transmitted through the lens, making it useful in bright conditions; however, it does not necessarily reflect UV radiation as well. Mirrored coatings can be made any color by
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and other actors and singers. The original frames were black; frames in many different colors were later introduced. There is often a silver piece on the corners as well. Since the early 1980s, makers have also developed variants of the model, most notably the
Clubmaster model, introduced in 1982,
1686:), the principle is not to filter light, but to decrease the amount of sun rays falling into the wearer's eyes. To provide UV protection, shutter shades sometimes use lenses in addition to the shutters; if not, they provide very insufficient protection against ultraviolet radiation and blue light.
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Some sports-optimized sunglasses have interchangeable lens options. Lenses can be easily removed and swapped for a different lens, usually of a different color. The purpose is to allow the wearer to easily change lenses when light conditions or activities change. The reasons are that the cost of a
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Their final look can vary according to the color, type and finishing. With wooden sunglasses, various shades of brown, beige, burgundy or black are most common. Wooden sunglasses come in various designs and shapes. However, these sunglasses are usually more expensive than the conventional plastic,
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When driving a vehicle, particularly at high speed, dazzling glare caused by a low Sun, or by lights reflecting off snow, puddles, other vehicles, or even the front of the vehicle, can be lethal. Sunglasses can protect against glare when driving. Two criteria must be met: vision must be clear, and
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The
European standard EN 1836:2005 has four transmittance ratings: "0" for insufficient UV protection, "2" for sufficient UHV protection, "6" for good UHV protection and "7" for "full" UHVV protection, meaning that no more than 5% of the 380 nm rays are transmitted. Products which fulfill the
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and blue light than light lenses. Inadequate dark lenses are even more harmful than inadequate light lenses (or wearing no sunglasses at all) because they provoke the pupil to open wider. As a result, more unfiltered radiation enters the eye. Depending on the manufacturing technology, sufficiently
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side near the top. Frameless glasses have no frame around the lenses and the ear stems are attached directly to the lenses. There are two styles of frameless glasses: those that have a piece of frame material connecting the two lenses, and those that are a single lens with ear stems on each side.
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Esaki, Yuichi; Kitajima, Tsuyoshi; Ito, Yasuhiro; Koike, Shigefumi; Nakao, Yasumi; Tsuchiya, Akiko; Hirose, Marina; Iwata, Nakao (9 April 2018). "Wearing blue light-blocking glasses in the evening advances circadian rhythms in the patients with delayed sleep phase disorder: An open-label trial".
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Nose bridges provide support between the lens and the face. They also prevent pressure marks caused by the weight of the lens or frame on the cheeks. People with large noses may need a low nose bridge on their sunglasses. People with medium noses may need a low or medium nose bridge. People with
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Lenses of fixed tint are graded according to the optical density of the tint; in the UK sunglasses must be labelled and show the filter category number. Lenses with light transmission less than 75% are unsuitable for night driving, and lenses with light transmission less than 8% (category 4) are
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Many of the criteria for sunglasses worn when piloting an aircraft are similar to those for land vehicles. Protection against UV radiation is more important, as its intensity increases with altitude. Polarised glasses are undesirable as aircraft windscreens are often polarised, intentionally or
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arms and upper portions joined to a wire lower frame. A traditional, conservative style based on mid-20th century design, browlines were adapted into sunglasses form in the 1980s and rapidly became one of the most popular styles; it has ebbed and sprung in popularity in the decades that have
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Mountain climbing or traveling across glaciers or snowfields requires above-average eye protection, because sunlight (including ultraviolet radiation) is more intense in higher altitudes, and snow and ice reflect additional light. Popular glasses for this use are a type called
510:(HEV) has been implicated as a cause of age-related macular degeneration; before, debates had already existed as to whether "blue blocking" or amber tinted lenses may have a protective effect. Some manufacturers already design glasses to block blue light; the insurance company
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began experimenting with tinted lenses in spectacles around 1752. These were not "sunglasses" as that term is now used; Ayscough believed that blue- or green-tinted glass could correct for specific vision impairments. Protection from the sun's rays was not a concern for him.
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among others, and was also used as prescription eyeglasses. Aviators' association with disco culture led to a decline in their popularity by 1980. The model saw more limited use throughout the 1980s and 1990s, aided by a 1982 product placement deal, featured most notably in
572:" can reach the eye from their sides, or from above or below, but not so close that the eyelashes smear the lenses. To protect against "stray light" from the sides, the lenses should fit close enough to the temples and/or merge into broad temple arms or leather blinders.
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the manufacturer for styling and fashion purposes. The color of the mirrored surface is irrelevant to the color of the lens. For example, a gray lens can have a blue mirror coating, and a brown lens can have a silver coating. Sunglasses of this type are sometimes called
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aside from 50s and 1960s nostalgia and the anti-disco backlash later on brought the model out of near-retirement, becoming the most sold model between 1980 and 1999 aided by a lucrative 1982 product placement deal, which put it on many movies and TV shows such as
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in 2001. Kaenon's lens formulation was the first non-polycarbonate material to pass the high-mass impact ANSI Z.87.1 testing. Additionally, it was the first to combine this passing score with the highest marks for lens clarity. Jerry Garcia's sunglasses had a
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patients—do not block light or other colors in order to function well in regular daylight and even dim sunlight. The latter allow the passage of enough light so normal evening activities can continue, while blocking the light that prevents production of the
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High prices cannot guarantee sufficient protection as no correlation between high prices and increased UV protection has been demonstrated. A 1995 study reported that "Expensive brands and polarizing sunglasses do not guarantee optimal UVA protection." The
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films. The modern variant surged in the mid-1980s, heavily based on the then-popular
Wayfarer, but adapting it to a more futuristic look. As a backlash against 80s fashion occurred in the 1990s, wraparounds became one of the favorite frames of the decade.
522:) to develop norms for blue blocking, leading to a recommended minimum of 95% of the blue light. Sunglasses are especially important for children, as their ocular lenses are thought to transmit far more HEV light than adults (lenses "yellow" with age).
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was seen sporting a pair at the
Pacific Theatre. However, it was in the late 1960s when the frames became widely used with the rise of the hippie counterculture, which preferred large metallic sunglasses. The brand became an icon of the 1970s, worn by
3065:
Siegfried Hünig (2008). Optimierter
Lichtschutz der Augen. Eine dringende Aufgabe und ihre Lösung. Teil 1: Beschaffenheit des Lichts, innere und äußere Abwehrmechanismen. {{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.
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Any of the above features, color, polarization, gradation, mirroring, and materials, can be combined into the lens for a pair of sunglasses. Gradient glasses are darker at the top of the lens where the sky is viewed and transparent at the bottom.
1903:
These were mostly popular in the late 1950s and during the 1960s (being linked to the rock-and-roll/blues and Mod cultures), before plastic glasses were displaced by metallic rims popular among the counter-culture. In the late 1970s, the rise of
887:, sunglasses have to meet special requirements when worn for sports. They need shatterproof and impact-resistant lenses; a strap or other fixing is typically used to keep glasses in place during sporting activities, and they have a nose cushion.
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reduce glare reflected at some angles off shiny non-metallic surfaces, such as water. They allow wearers to see into water when only surface glare would otherwise be seen, and eliminate glare from a road surface when driving into the sun.
565:) allow a general classification of the UV protection (but not the blue light protection), and manufacturers often indicate simply that the sunglasses meet the requirements of a specific standard rather than publish the exact figures.
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While non-tinted glasses are very rarely worn without the practical purpose of correcting eyesight or protecting one's eyes, sunglasses have become popular for several further reasons, and are sometimes worn even indoors or at night.
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Yellow is "optimum for object definition, but creates a harsh visible light"; amber "allegedly makes distant objects appear more distinct, especially in snow or haze. These lenses are popular with skiers, hunters, boaters and
495:), which requires that 95% of the radiation up to only 380 nm must be reflected or filtered out. Sunglasses are not sufficient to protect the eyes against permanent harm from looking directly at the Sun, even during a
1833:
was usually preferred. Modern versions tend to have plastic lenses, as do many other sunglasses. Teashades are hard to find in shops today; however, they can still be found at many costume Web sites and in some countries.
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lenses and making them unsuitable for driving as they could become too dark or too light for the conditions. Some manufacturers produce special photochromic lenses that adapt to the varying light conditions when driving.
128:. It is important to note that dark glasses that do not block UV radiation can be more damaging to the eyes than not wearing eye protection at all, because they tend to open the pupil and allow more UV rays into the eye.
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of flattened walrus or caribou ivory with narrow slits to look through to block almost all of the harmful reflected rays of the sun. In many different forms and with many different materials, the indigenous peoples of
225:
In 1459, Nuno
Fernandes made a request for a pair of spectacles to protect the eyes while horseriding in the snow against the glare coming from the snow, though no description of any actual spectacles is given.
946:. Darkened visors now require a doctor's prescription at most levels of the game, mainly because concussion protocol requires officials to look a player in the eye, something made difficult by tinted visors.
3081:] Siegfried Hünig (2008). Optimierter Lichtschutz der Augen. Teil 2: Sehprozess als Risikofaktor, Lichtschutz durch Brillen {{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.
307:, who wrote of soldiers using, during the American Civil War (1861-1865), "shell spectacles" ("verres de cocquille") to protect against sunlight on long marches, or by the British T. Longmore reporting in
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The term has now fallen into disuse, although references can still be found in literature of the time. "Teashades" was also used to describe glasses worn to hide the effects of recreational drugs such as
819:
Graduated lenses, with the bottom part lighter than the top, can make it easier to see the controls within the car. All sunglasses should be marked as meeting the standard for the region where sold. An
479:. Medical experts advise the public on the importance of wearing sunglasses to protect the eyes from UV; for adequate protection, experts recommend sunglasses that reflect or filter out 99% or more of
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eyes. At the same time, sunglasses started to be used as aids for pilots and even produced for the gaining aviation sector, eventually adding to sunglasses as cultural icons and to their popularity.
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in the early 1980s and have experienced a revival in the early-to-mid 2010s. Instead of tinted lenses, they decrease sun exposure by means of a set of parallel, horizontal shutters (like a small
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Mirrored lenses have a metallic, partially reflective coating on the outer surface combined with a tinted glass lens. Mirrored lenses of different colors can expand the range of fashion styles.
588:
has also reported that "onsumers cannot rely on price as an indicator of quality". One survey even found that a $ 6.95 pair of generic glasses offered slightly better protection than expensive
1632:
Oversized sunglasses, which were fashionable in the 1980s, are now often used for humorous purposes. They usually come in bright colors with colored lenses and can be purchased cheaply.
1591:, with both films causing a 40% rise in 1986. Aviators became popular again around 2000, as the hippie movement experienced a brief revival, and was prominently featured in the MTV show
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is recommended, and a hard coating to protect the lenses from scratches. Sunglasses with deep side arms can block side, or peripheral, vision and are not recommended for driving.
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Since the late 2000s, moderately oversized sunglasses have become a fashion trend. There are many variations, such as the "Onassis", discussed below, and Dior white sunglasses.
666:
Fashion trends can be another reason for wearing sunglasses, particularly designer sunglasses from high-end fashion brands. Sunglasses of particular shapes may be in vogue as a
624:
impossible, which can be intimidating to those not wearing sunglasses; the avoided eye contact can also demonstrate the wearer's detachment, which is considered desirable (or "
300:
in the 19th and early 20th centuries, because sensitivity to light was one of the symptoms of the disease, although no sources have been found that state prescription of such.
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company. Introduced in 1952, the trapezoidal lenses are wider at the top than the bottom (inspired by the
Browline eyeglasses popular at the time), and were famously worn by
2989:
2955:
Sakamoto, Y.; Sasaki, K.; Kojima, M.; Sasaki, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Sakai, M.; Tatami, A. (2002). "The effects of protective eyewear on hair and crystalline lens transparency".
1055:, deserts, mountains, and fluorescent-lighted offices, and the technology was commercially marketed by a U.S. company. Since 2002 NASA uses the frame of the designer model
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or plastic material to improve hold. The ends of the resting hook are usually curved so that they wrap around the ear; however, some models have straight resting hooks.
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2383:
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1197:. Blue-blocking tinted glasses, i.e. amber or yellow, are sometimes recommended to treat insomnia; they are worn in artificial lighting after dark, to reestablish the
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Flip-up sunglasses add the benefits of sunglasses to corrective eyeglasses, allowing the wearer to flip up the tinted lenses for indoor use. Alternatives include:
585:
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the glasses must let sufficient light get to the eyes for the driving conditions. General-purpose sunglasses may be too dark, or otherwise unsuitable for driving.
921:. They typically have very dark round lenses and leather blinders at the sides, which protect the eyes by blocking the Sun's rays around the edges of the lenses.
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of their nose. Oversized sunglasses also offer more protection from sunburn due to the larger areas of skin they cover, although sunblock should still be used.
491:. Sunglasses that meet this requirement are often labeled as "UV400". This is slightly more protection than the widely used standard of the European Union (see
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942:, famously used a sun visor during his professional football career due to a childhood eye injury and almost always wears dark sunglasses when not wearing a
268:, sported, in the late 18th century, so-called "goldoni glasses," tinted pairs of spectacles with pieces of cloth as sun guards on the sides of the glasses.
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1546:
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Special protection is required for space travel because the sunlight is far more intense and harmful than on Earth, where it is always filtered through the
3937:
1636:
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Turquoise lenses are good for medium and high light conditions, because they are good at enhancing contrast, but do not cause significant color distortion.
3630: : Sunglasses and fashion spectacles (By Authority of Australian Consumer Protection Notices No.13 of 2003 and No. 4 of 2005), retrieved 6 April 2017
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Wearing sunglasses under direct sunlight: Large lenses offer good protection, but broad temple arms are also needed against "stray light" from the sides.
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2638:
3598:
3569:"ISO 12312-3:2022(en) Eye and face protection — Sunglasses and related eyewear — Part 3: Sunglasses for running, cycling and similar active lifestyles"
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People may also wear sunglasses to hide an abnormal appearance of their eyes. This can be true for people with severe visual impairment, such as the
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of the lens can vary depending on style, fashion, and purpose, but for general use, red, grey, green, or brown are recommended to avoid or minimize
3544:"ISO 12312-3:2022 Eye and face protection — Sunglasses and related eyewear — Part 3: Sunglasses for running, cycling and similar active lifestyles"
3152:
Margrain, TH; Boulton, M; Marshall, J; Sliney, DH (Sep 2004). "Do blue light filters confer protection against age-related macular degeneration?".
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can also refer to the sun-shading eyepiece-type, although the term is not exclusive to these. Also in use is the derivative abbreviation, "shades".
4216:
2511:
1645:
Onassis glasses or "Jackie O's" are very large sunglasses worn by women. This style of sunglasses is said to mimic the kind most famously worn by
1933:
boosted
Wayfarers once again after a slump in the 1990s and 2000s, also aided by a 2000 redesign (New Wayfarer), surpassing Aviators since 2012.
176:
and northern Asia crafted highly efficient equipment to protect their eyes against the damaging effects of strong sunlight in icy circumstances.
311:(1885) of soldiers in Egypt being equipped with tinted glass "eye protectors." By 1895, sunglasses were mentioned in advertisements, such as in
4002:
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2405:
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radiation, both within and outside the spacecraft. Within the spacecraft, astronauts wear sunglasses with darker lenses and a thin protective
808:
772:
3124:
Glazer-Hockstein, C; Dunaief, JL (January 2006). "Could blue light-blocking lenses decrease the risk of age-related macular degeneration?".
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1652:
Oversized sunglasses, because of their larger frames and lenses, are useful for individuals who are trying to minimize the apparent size or
644:, and many professional poker players wear heavily tinted glasses indoors while playing, so that it is more difficult for opponents to read
3042:). Sehschaden im Alter vorbeugen und mildern. Informationen und Empfehlungen zur altersbedingten Makuladegeneration und zum grauen Star. .
1950:
plastic serving as a nosepiece. Glasses described as wraparound may alternatively have two lenses, but again with a strongly curved frame.
1383:
loaded hinges to help them grip the wearer's face better. The end of the resting hook and the bridge over the nose can be textured or have
2990:
https://www.glasses.com/gl-us/glossary/polarized-lenses#:~:text=Polarized%20lenses%20are%20a%20type,effect%20of%20glare%20when%20outdoors.
1776:
wire-rim sunglasses that were often worn, usually for purely aesthetic reasons, by members of the 1960s counterculture. Pop icons such as
2578:
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Blue or purple lenses are popular with shooters as they increase the contrast of orange targets against green foliage or grass backdrops.
557:
The only way to assess the protection of sunglasses is to have the lenses measured, either by the manufacturer or by a properly equipped
349:, the use of sunglasses started to become more widespread, especially among movie stars. Inexpensive mass-produced sunglasses made from
124:, and recommended for a certain time period in dusty areas, when leaving the house and in front of a TV screen or computer monitor after
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3322:
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1035:, the first crewed mission to land on the Moon. NASA research primarily by scientists James B. Stephens and Charles G. Miller at the
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1747:
1508:
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3519:"ISO 12312-2:2015(en) Eye and face protection — Sunglasses and related eyewear — Part 2: Filters for direct observation of the sun"
2917:
2425:
568:
The only "visible" quality test for sunglasses is their fit. The lenses should fit close enough to the face that only very little "
4138:
Burkhart, Kimberly; Phelps, James R. (1 December 2009). "Amber lenses to block blue light and improve sleep: a randomized trial".
3365:
1987:
Clip-on glasses are a form of tinted glasses that can be clipped on to eyeglasses for protection from the sun. An alternative are
463:
The most widespread protection is against ultraviolet radiation, which can cause short-term and long-term ocular problems such as
4593:
3691:
6529:
4044:
3978:"optikum, UNABHÄNGIGES AUGENOPTIK-PANORAMA – Silhouette Titan Minimal Art Space Edition – Die leichteste Brille des Universums"
3910:
3494:"ISO 12312-2:2015 Eye and face protection — Sunglasses and related eyewear — Part 2: Filters for direct observation of the sun"
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109:
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in the 1960s. The glasses continue to be popular with women, and celebrities may use them, ostensibly to hide from paparazzi.
864:
2099:
1725:
1490:
1324:
78:
from damaging or discomforting the eyes. They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or
725:
Australia introduced the world's first national standards for sunglasses in 1971. They were updated and expanded in 1990 to
218:
in the 12th century or possibly earlier. Documents describe the use of such crystal sunglasses by judges in ancient
Chinese
1394:
In recent years, manufacturers have started to use various types of woods to make frames for sunglasses. Materials such as
575:
It is not possible to "see" the protection that sunglasses offer. Dark lenses do not automatically filter out more harmful
2608:
2490:
660:
545:
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Category 4 – 3%-8% transmission – intense sunshine for high mountains, glaciers; not for use when driving or on the road.
6655:
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2285:
1435:
1202:
768:
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Lawbreakers have been known to wear sunglasses during or after committing a crime as an aid to hiding their identities.
116:
radiation (UV) whenever a person is in the sunlight to protect the eyes from UV and blue light, which can cause several
2552:
1521:
The following types are not all mutually exclusive; glasses may be in Aviator style with mirrored lenses, for example.
6650:
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1721:
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989:
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Vexis safety sunglasses have a scratch resistant coating, block 99.9% UV, and meet ANSI Z87.1 and CSA Z94.3 standards.
125:
20:
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is a term for glasses originating from the "glint" that is noticeable when somebody wearing glasses moves their head.
2084:
1710:
1309:
3469:"ISO 12312-1:2022(en) Eye and face protection — Sunglasses and related eyewear — Part 1: Sunglasses for general use"
1422:, for example have experimented with these materials, they have even used recycled newspaper to manufacture frames.
1212:
polarized plastic sheeting, to reduce glare caused by light reflected from non-metallic surfaces such as water (see
980:
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are required for direct viewing of the sun. This type of eyewear can filter out UV radiation harmful to the eyes.
5916:
3721:
ANSI Z80.3-2001 "ophthalmics nonprescription sunglasses and fashion eyewear requirements", retrieved 6 April 2017
1543:
Aviator sunglasses feature oversize teardrop-shaped lenses and a thin metal frame with double or triple bridges.
1036:
550:
507:
460:
Sunglasses offer protection against excessive exposure to light, including its visible and invisible components.
362:
323:
75:
3941:
3444:"ISO 12312-1:2022 Eye and face protection — Sunglasses and related eyewear — Part 1: Sunglasses for general use"
3419:"ISO 12312-1:2013 Eye and face protection — Sunglasses and related eyewear — Part 1: Sunglasses for general use"
303:
From the late 19th century, short references of sunglasses have been found in reports, such as one from 1866 by
6578:
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3004:
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1925:
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to stop them from sinking should they come off, and they can have a vent or other method to eliminate fogging.
3300:
3005:"Cancer Council Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia: Position Statement: Eye Protection. August 2006"
2768:
4072:
293:, who worked with amplified sunlight. By the 19th century, tinted spectacles were worn by railway travelers.
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821:
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472:
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In each of the instances, the female suspect wore a distinctive wig and sunglasses to conceal her identity.
3232:
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Popularly, it is claimed that yellow/amber and brown-tinted glasses had been used to alleviate symptoms of
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6588:
5921:
4565:
4461:
3881:
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in excessively large sizes, and with the wire earpieces exaggerated. A uniquely colored or darkened glass
1067:
Keith Manuel. The frame is very light at 1.8 grams, and does not have screws or hinges that could detach.
289:
One of the earliest surviving depictions of a person wearing sunglasses is one from 1772 of the scientist
31:
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952:
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used by instruments emit polarised light, and can dim or disappear when the pilot turns to look at them.
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39:
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1232:. A mirror coating does not get hot in sunlight and it prevents scattering of rays in the lens bulk.
1209:
1186:
1060:
440:
393:
4018:
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1391:, for example, has straight resting hooks on all their glasses, preferring to call them "earstems".
1118:
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4998:
4908:
4603:
4486:
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The singer Elton John sometimes wore oversized sunglasses on stage in the mid-1970s as part of his
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238:
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may recommend mildly tinted glasses for use by display operators, in order to increase contrast.
1134:
985:
939:
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http://www.ppgoptical.com/getmedia/47e39594-6472-48e7-8e2c-8f48015284c8/CR39_50years_booklet.pdf
2460:
2449:
1220:(skylight). This can be especially useful to see beneath the surface of the water when fishing.
1039:(JPL) resulted in special lenses that protected against the light in space and during laser and
326:(1836-1888) was the first to argue for UV protection with (yellow) shaded glasses, and by 1899,
4225:
article (pp. 141–146) on sunglasses and the method of mass production at that time period.
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927:
667:
632:. Sunglasses can also be used to hide emotions; this can range from hiding blinking to hiding
330:
produced possibly the first sunglasses intended for shielding eyes from UV light and not just
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acetate or metal frames and require more care. They have been famously worn by the likes of
1384:
1260:
1198:
1185:) are produced as regular sunglasses for exposure to bright sunlight, others—especially for
838:
625:
484:
480:
346:
3620:
2245:
is a term used in Southern India (predominantly Kerala) and the Middle East for sunglasses.
1860:
600:
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6047:
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Leow, YH; Tham, SN (Nov 1995). "UV-protective sunglasses for UVA irradiation protection".
2497:
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2009:
1909:
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women and children, to shield their eyes from the glare from the water in the canals. The
184:
5442:
3662:
2015:
Double gradient lenses are dark at the top, light in the middle and dark at the bottom.
1929:. 1980s nostalgia and the influence of the hipster subculture and the television series
210:
meaning "dark clouds," which offered no corrective powers but did protect the eyes from
6524:
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331:
271:
211:
67:
1129:
1063:, combined with specially dark lenses developed jointly by the company and "the" NASA
902:. In addition to the features for sports glasses, water sunglasses can have increased
755:
Category 3 – 8%-18% transmission – strong brightness, light reflected of water or snow
6629:
6549:
6539:
6512:
6502:
6472:
6443:
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1653:
1611:
Based on the eyeglass design of the same name, browline glasses have hard plastic or
1248:
1244:
1123:
1000:. Sun protection is needed against much higher UV radiation and even against harmful
935:
895:
869:
519:
496:
389:
173:
160:
101:
Since the 1930s, sunglasses have been a popular fashion accessory, especially on the
95:
4124:
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3181:
432:
Sunglasses can improve visual comfort and visual clarity by protecting the eye from
419:
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Article by Charlotte Remé, who also developed the guidelines/norms for Switzerland:
1819:
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1359:
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1146:
682:
645:
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261:
245:
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168:
148:
27:
4108:
4042:(2006). Look Sharp While Seeing Sharp. (Originating Technology/NASA Contribution).
2052:
1979:
1558:
The design was introduced in 1936 by Bausch & Lomb for issue to U.S. military
141:
4228:
3643:(2004). Requirements of European Directives and Standards Relating to Sunglasses.
636:
and its resulting red eyes. In all cases, hiding one's eyes has implications for
6477:
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6172:
6167:
6132:
6052:
5958:
5833:
5813:
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931:
894:
or water eyewear) are specially adapted for use in turbulent water, such as the
621:
576:
569:
526:
515:
396:
filter. In 1947, the Armorlite Company began producing lenses with CR-39 resin.
113:
1941:
1153:
Gray and green lenses are considered neutral because they maintain true colors.
1149:, which could affect safety when, for instance, driving a car or a school bus.
1051:
lotions. The research was later broadened to further terrestrial applications,
705:
third "Sunglasses for running, cycling and similar active lifestyles" in 2022.
285:
conducting an experiment related to combustion generated by amplified sun light
120:. Their usage is mandatory immediately after some surgical procedures, such as
6421:
6396:
6326:
6316:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6152:
6099:
6005:
5931:
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5063:
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4839:
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4313:
4151:
2290:
1892:
1880:
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1431:
1427:
1411:
1175:
1137:
are demonstrated when photographed through a polarizing lens (bottom picture).
1044:
1009:
997:
899:
628:") in some circles. Eye contact can be avoided even more effectively by using
530:
4054:, NASA Scientific and Technical Information (STI). Retrieved 17 October 2009.
2012:(London), has also referred to these style of sunglasses as the Murphy Lens.
1953:
These were first made in the 1960s as variants of the Aviator model, used by
828:
dust and smog particles entering into the eyes while driving at high speeds.
6611:
6465:
6448:
6356:
6273:
6094:
6066:
5899:
5845:
5763:
5724:
5692:
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4507:
4350:
4333:
3048:
2311:
2258:
2214:
1839:
1809:
1772:
glasses", "Round Metal", or, occasionally, "Granny Glasses") were a type of
1407:
1194:
1171:
1080:
1048:
1032:
746:
Category 0 – 80%-100% transmission – for fashion, indoor use, or cloudy days
678:
674:
656:
488:
385:
350:
230:
192:
156:
83:
4159:
4116:
3730:
3173:
3145:
2976:
2715:"Turn pin spectacles with tinted, double folding lenses, France, 1790-1850"
2666:"A Brief History of Eclipse Glasses and the People Who Forgot to Wear Them"
1535:
1455:
small noses may need sunglasses with high nose bridges to allow clearance.
1363:
This sunglass eyeshield uses a nylon half-frame and interchangeable lenses.
3543:
3493:
3443:
3418:
3274:
6401:
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5013:
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4774:
4726:
4701:
4652:
4647:
4624:
4581:
4529:
4288:
3045:
2512:
These Snow Goggles Demonstrate Thousands of Years of Indigenous Ingenuity
2280:
2019:
1954:
1551:
1403:
1001:
903:
716:
indicates that the glasses actually offer a safe level of Sun protection.
686:
558:
468:
297:
155:
Since the 13th century and until the spread of contemporary UV-shielding
71:
3711:
2447:
Acton, Johnny; Adams, Tania; Packer, Matt (2006). Swinnerton, Jo (ed.).
1999:
1566:
sunglasses are often made in mirrored, colored, and wrap-around styles.
1122:
A range of sunglass models with lenses of different colors, for sale in
456:
Broad temple arms protect against "stray light" entering from the sides.
151:
function by reducing exposure to sunlight, not by reducing its intensity
6568:
6534:
6507:
6351:
6336:
6331:
6301:
6250:
6240:
6235:
6182:
6127:
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5943:
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4898:
4891:
4779:
4764:
4684:
4466:
4456:
4438:
4345:
4274:
4265:
3882:"What is the Purpose of a Football Helmet Visor? | LIVESTRONG.COM"
3762:, "Does my windshield protect me from the sun?", retrieved 6 April 2017
3596:(2002). Public eye looks over new standard for sunglasses (2002-01-20).
2869:"Crookes lens definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary"
2316:
1876:
1559:
1493: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1277:
1240:
1191:
1040:
917:
891:
739:
713:
534:
265:
196:
79:
2968:
1760:
771:
and are required to conform to safety standards. The U.S. standard is
6406:
6361:
6283:
6268:
6225:
6122:
6015:
5953:
5938:
5818:
5588:
5538:
5467:
5043:
4913:
4824:
4806:
4739:
4711:
4691:
4674:
4664:
2264:
2134:
There are various words referring to eyepieces with darkened lenses:
1843:
1395:
1224:
1156:
Brown lenses cause some color distortion, but also increase contrast.
633:
400:
342:
257:
4233:
3040:
Siegfried Hünig, in consultation with Albert J. Augustin (Oct. 2007
1875:
is a (mostly) plastic-framed design for sunglasses produced by the
6411:
6341:
6037:
6010:
5948:
5872:
5801:
5741:
5568:
5472:
5419:
5268:
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4983:
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4856:
4801:
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2230:
2204:
2051:
1998:
1978:
1940:
1859:
1759:
1623:
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1534:
1399:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1358:
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1236:
1142:
1128:
1117:
979:
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609:
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544:
451:
418:
404:
358:
277:
219:
215:
164:
145:
140:
121:
102:
38:
525:
There has been some speculation that sunglasses actually promote
222:
to conceal their facial expressions while questioning witnesses.
6381:
6258:
6230:
6200:
6020:
5894:
5640:
5273:
5105:
4716:
4706:
3981:
3924:
3858:"Goggles | Definition, Purpose, Types, & Facts | Britannica"
2355:
The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English
2233:
movement, usually referring to sunglasses with oversized lenses.
1005:
879:(8.611 m), wearing anatomically shaped mountaineering sunglasses
188:
86:
or darkened. In the early 20th century, they were also known as
4554:
4237:
3096:"Will Your Solar Eclipse Glasses Still Be Safe to Use in 2024?"
5512:
4659:
4637:
2067:
1693:
1671:
1462:
1292:
1281:
dark lens that can be flipped up when not in use (see below).
1015:
The first sunglasses used in a Moon landing were the original
842:
2740:"Ray-Ban's Predecessor? A Brief History of Tinted Spectacles"
1133:
Different reflection characteristics and variations in glass
199:. These, however, appear to have worked rather like mirrors.
26:"Dark glasses" and "Shades" redirect here. For the film, see
529:. This is due to the eyes being tricked into producing less
4550:
3341:"Best Sunglasses of 2014 from New York Spring Fashion Week"
3076:
3058:
2532:"Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, Book XXXVII, Ch. 16"
2038:, and wrap around sunglasses that fit over the eyeglasses.
876:
2690:"Ancient Designer Sunglasses, a Playwright and a War Hero"
1043:
work. The lenses used colored dyes and small particles of
767:
Sunglasses sold in the United States are regulated by the
4065:"BGFTRST: Shooting Glasses Buyer's Guide : Cabela's"
2223:
Usually refers to models of sunglasses with large lenses.
2203:
is used in Australian, South African, UK and New Zealand
1670:
Shutter shades were invented in the late 1940s, became a
890:
For water sports, so-called water sunglasses (also: surf
620:
Sunglasses can be worn to hide one's eyes. They can make
392:
began experimenting with making lenses with his patented
3394:"Sunglasses - Not just for looks with new ISO standards"
608:, sunglasses have become the trademark of German singer
4011:). American Optical Flight Gear Vintage Sunglasses. on
752:
Category 2 – 18%-43% transmission – medium sun exposure
648:
which involve eye movement and thus gain an advantage.
1047:, which absorbs ultraviolet light and is also used in
345:, which completely blocked ultraviolet light. In the
2359:. Tom Dalzell, Terry Victor. Routledge. p. 377.
1569:
The model first gained popularity in the 1940s when
1285:
gradually darken when exposed to ultraviolet light.
988:
wears glasses during a construction mission for the
796:
was known for wearing yellow-tinted driving glasses.
749:
Category 1 – 43%-80% transmission – low sun exposure
518:
employees, asked eye experts around Charlotte Remé (
6490:
6429:
6420:
6292:
6249:
6191:
6113:
6065:
5865:
5784:
5658:
5639:
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4725:
4623:
4500:
4437:
4399:
4272:
3213:Remé, Charlotte (1997). "Lichtschutz der Augen. ".
2553:"9 surprising moments in the history of sunglasses"
2483:Inuit hero Nanook from the silent documentary film
2374:"Dark Glasses are New Fad for Wear on City Streets"
2165:
is a term used predominantly in southern Australia.
1243:, or SR-91. Plastic lenses are typically made from
407:is the world's largest producer of sunglasses with
2579:"Sunglasses History – The Invention of Sunglasses"
2448:
2352:
970:Sports sunglasses for mountain climbing and hiking
659:wearing sunglasses as part of her costume for the
2213:usually refers to the darkened eyepieces worn by
1846:(pupillary constriction) or just bloodshot eyes.
365:where he began selling sunglasses under the name
2147:is a term popular in India if the glass is dark.
727:AS 1067.1-1990 Sunglasses and fashion spectacles
586:Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
244:By the 18th century, tinted, mirror-like framed
3906:
3904:
3902:
388:sunglasses first became available in 1936 when
264:and other well-off Venetians, such as possibly
3688:"An Explanation of Sunglasses Lens Categories"
3573:International Organization for Standardization
3548:International Organization for Standardization
3523:International Organization for Standardization
3498:International Organization for Standardization
3473:International Organization for Standardization
3448:International Organization for Standardization
3425:. © 2022 ISO — All rights reserved. 2013-08-16
3423:International Organization for Standardization
3400:. © 2022 ISO — All rights reserved. 2013-08-16
3398:International Organization for Standardization
3297:"Sunglasses and fashion spectacles—April 2003"
3083:Zeitschrift für praktische Augenheilkunde, 29,
3068:Zeitschrift für praktische Augenheilkunde, 29,
2368:
2366:
248:had been used as so-called "gondola glasses" (
202:The first sunglasses, made from flat panes of
4566:
4249:
3773:"Not All Car Windows Protect Against UV Rays"
3199:"Information from Your Eye M.D.: Sunglasses."
1087:stows his sunglasses before the Moon landing.
562:
492:
8:
2426:"Prehistoric Inuit Snow-Goggles, circa 1200"
2239:is Scottish slang for glasses or sunglasses.
1216:for how this works) as well as by polarized
841:on looking through the windscreen; and some
357:in 1929. Foster found a ready market on the
341:were introduced, made from glass containing
239:telescope with a smoky glass filter attached
4017:. Aaapilots.com. 1969-07-20. Archived from
3976:Optikum, Unabhängiges Augenoptik-Panorama.
2254:Most brands are produced by two producers:
2102:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1728:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1327:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1208:Some models have polarized lenses, made of
926:Special shaded visors were once allowed in
16:Eyewear for protecting against bright light
6426:
5655:
5651:
5502:
5278:
4573:
4559:
4551:
4256:
4242:
4234:
3920:Scientific and Technical Information (STI)
2632:
2630:
2628:
2175:) is the shortened form of sun spectacles.
82:exist, featuring lenses that are colored,
3323:"Some Sunglasses Are Cheap In Price Only"
3035:
3033:
3031:
2406:UV Protection – Sunglasses Shopping Guide
2122:Learn how and when to remove this message
1748:Learn how and when to remove this message
1509:Learn how and when to remove this message
1347:Learn how and when to remove this message
1181:While some blue blocking sunglasses (see
604:Protecting his eyes from exposure due to
112:recommends wearing sunglasses that block
3927:website (retrieved on 21 September 2009)
3575:. © 2022 ISO — All rights reserved. 2022
3550:. © 2022 ISO — All rights reserved. 2022
3525:. © 2022 ISO — All rights reserved. 2015
3500:. © 2022 ISO — All rights reserved. 2015
3475:. © 2022 ISO — All rights reserved. 2022
3450:. © 2022 ISO — All rights reserved. 2022
561:. Several standards for sunglasses (see
4217:"What Makes a Good Pair of Sunglasses?"
3368:. ABC Local. 2012-09-19. Archived from
3215:Der informierte Arzt – Gazette Médicale
2343:
1988:
1900:essentially Browlines made of plastic.
1069:
948:
411:exporting 120 million pairs each year.
3961:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3954:
3366:"10 most wanted bank robbery suspects"
3193:
3191:
2999:
2997:
2018:Gradients should not be confused with
1367:Frames are generally made of plastic,
3734:(2006). The ANSI Z87.1-2003 standard.
2386:from the original on 31 December 2013
809:Federation of Manufacturing Opticians
689:, or eyes which jerk uncontrollably (
70:designed primarily to prevent bright
7:
3833:"Sports Glasses vs. Regular Glasses"
3197:American Academy of Ophthalmollogy.
3044:Manuscript hosted on the website of
2936:from the original on 24 January 2009
2585:. Vaunt Design Group. Archived from
2100:adding citations to reliable sources
2035:
1768:"Teashades" (sometimes also called "
1726:adding citations to reliable sources
1491:adding citations to reliable sources
1325:adding citations to reliable sources
1023:. In 1969 they were used aboard the
6574:Global trade of secondhand clothing
3918:). Spinoff 2002. Space-Age Shades.
1235:Sunglass lenses are made of either
423:Effect of pair of polarized filters
4183:"Hindsight is 20/20: The Browline"
3267:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1995.tb04405.x
2404:American Optometric Association, "
1628:Oversized sunglasses à la Jackie O
1268:which was 'cutting edge' in 1995.
487:light, with wavelengths up to 400
14:
4015:(retrieved on 21 September 2009)"
3783:from the original on 6 April 2017
3712:Freestd, Free Standards Worldwide
3233:"Sunglasses Raise Risk of Cancer"
2457:Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.
2267:Group (revenue €1 billion (2018))
2261:Group (revenue €9 billion (2018))
2197:) — generic term in common usage.
2159:is a term used by some opticians.
6610:
3166:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2004.05.001
3138:10.1097/00006982-200601000-00001
3094:Weisberger, Mindy (2017-08-25).
2141:is a term used in North America.
2072:
1698:
1467:
1297:
1092:
1072:
963:
951:
63:
4219:by George W. Waltz; April 1951
3888:from the original on 2016-09-19
3694:from the original on 2015-10-06
3669:from the original on 2016-05-04
3347:from the original on 2016-08-20
3106:from the original on 2017-08-27
3017:from the original on 2011-07-06
2930:"China Expat city Guide Xiamen"
2900:from the original on 2012-07-01
2719:Science Museum Group Collection
2436:from the original on 2011-07-06
2430:Canadian Museum of Civilization
2271:While other niche players are:
1945:Mirrored wrap-around sunglasses
1683:
1554:man sporting aviator sunglasses
1478:needs additional citations for
1182:
187:claimed that the Roman emperor
117:
110:American Optometric Association
3652:. Retrieved 21 September 2009.
3611:. Retrieved 21 September 2009.
2382:. 1938-05-30. pp. 31–33.
2229:: Used as a slang term in the
1099:1969: Helmet visor protecting
1:
4109:10.1080/07420528.2016.1194289
3299:. Accc.gov.au. Archived from
3052:(retrieved 21 September 2009)
2844:"The College of Optometrists"
2819:"The College of Optometrists"
2794:"The College of Optometrists"
661:Tuska Open Air Metal Festival
3980:. Optikum.at. Archived from
3663:"Sunglasses Lens Tints Help"
3621:AS-NZS 1067 (2003) (English)
2746:. 2013-06-21. Archived from
2637:Handley, Neil (1914-09-18).
2415:". Accessed August 27, 2015.
2003:Glasses with gradient lenses
1842:(conjunctival injection) or
1203:delayed sleep phase disorder
1016:
769:Food and Drug Administration
4140:Chronobiology International
4097:Chronobiology International
3601:September 29, 2011, at the
3235:. Express.co.uk. 2007-06-03
2894:"The History Of Sunglasses"
2664:Thieme, Nick (2017-08-18).
990:International Space Station
499:. Special eyewear known as
324:Jean-Marie-Théodore Fieuzal
21:Sunglasses (disambiguation)
6689:
6584:List of individual dresses
3803:"Public affairs | AA"
3126:Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)
2577:Ament, Phil (2006-12-04).
2500:Retrieved December 5, 2014
2489:(1922) wearing whale bone
2045:
1853:
1663:
1647:Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis
1604:
1562:. As a fashion statement,
1528:
1266:polykrypton-C type of lens
805:The Automobile Association
428:Visual clarity and comfort
25:
18:
6607:
5654:
4588:
4185:. The Optician's Handbook
4152:10.3109/07420520903523719
2873:www.collinsdictionary.com
2451:Origin of Everyday Things
1830:
1822:'s character in the film
1170:With the introduction of
1037:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
837:unintentionally, showing
712:As of 2009, the European
508:high-energy visible light
363:Atlantic City, New Jersey
98:slang term for glasses).
76:high-energy visible light
6646:Ancient Roman technology
2351:Partridge, Eric (2006).
1459:Fashion (alphabetically)
1406:, pear wood, walnut and
1059:of the Austrian company
984:2006: Swedish astronaut
4047:March 25, 2012, at the
3743:Retrieved 22 June 2011.
3648:March 17, 2012, at the
2775:(in German). 2014-07-28
2644:College of Optometrists
822:anti-reflection coating
638:nonverbal communication
475:, and various forms of
353:were first produced by
6589:Reconstructed clothing
3739:March 4, 2016, at the
2496:March 4, 2016, at the
2411:July 28, 2016, at the
2057:
2004:
1984:
1946:
1912:and the popularity of
1868:
1765:
1629:
1555:
1540:
1414:, whiskey barrels and
1364:
1138:
1126:
993:
934:, quarterback for the
880:
861:
857:Sunglasses worn by an
797:
717:
663:
613:
554:
457:
424:
313:The Sioux City Journal
286:
152:
44:
32:Shade (disambiguation)
30:. For other uses, see
3343:. 13 September 2013.
3325:. CBS. Archived from
2932:. China Expat. 2008.
2744:Dr Lindsey Fitzharris
2583:The Great Idea Finder
2055:
2002:
1982:
1944:
1863:
1763:
1627:
1549:
1538:
1362:
1218:diffuse sky radiation
1132:
1121:
983:
867:
856:
792:
711:
654:
603:
548:
455:
422:
281:
233:'s court watched the
144:
42:
6530:Environmental impact
2327:Photosensitive glass
2296:Randolph Engineering
2096:improve this section
1722:improve this section
1487:improve this article
1321:improve this section
1187:macular degeneration
875:on an expedition to
785:Land vehicle driving
640:; this is useful in
541:Assessing protection
514:, which covers most
441:polarized sunglasses
118:serious eye problems
19:For other uses, see
6656:Fashion accessories
6641:American inventions
6617:Clothing portal
3608:Standards Australia
3077:permanent dead link
3059:permanent dead link
2557:Science Museum Blog
2534:. Perseus.tufts.edu
2486:Nanook of the North
2048:Mirrored sunglasses
1764:Teashade sunglasses
1283:Photochromic lenses
1103:'s eyes on the Moon
738:standard receive a
630:mirrored sunglasses
590:Salvatore Ferragamo
319:Modern developments
54:(informally called
6651:English inventions
4013:AAA Pilot Supplies
3862:www.britannica.com
3758:2017-04-06 at the
3753:The Globe and Mail
3717:2017-04-07 at the
3626:2013-08-13 at the
3154:Prog Retin Eye Res
2193:(also preceded by
2181:a monocle version.
2058:
2024:progressive lenses
2005:
1985:
1983:Clip-on sunglasses
1947:
1920:The Breakfast Club
1914:The Blues Brothers
1869:
1766:
1630:
1556:
1541:
1539:Aviator sunglasses
1531:Aviator sunglasses
1365:
1139:
1127:
1079:1969 on board the
994:
986:Christer Fuglesang
940:San Diego Chargers
885:corrective glasses
881:
862:
798:
794:Hunter S. Thompson
718:
685:(bulging eyes), a
664:
614:
555:
467:(snow blindness),
458:
425:
309:The Optical Manual
287:
235:1706 solar eclipse
153:
68:protective eyewear
45:
6623:
6622:
6594:Right to clothing
6518:Halloween costume
6486:
6485:
6461:black lounge suit
6061:
6060:
5861:
5860:
5635:
5634:
5414:
5413:
4548:
4547:
4181:Fassel, Preston.
3813:on April 15, 2016
2969:10.1159/000060813
2607:Vision, Website.
2509:Thompson, Clive,
2322:Photochromic lens
2211:Smoked spectacles
2132:
2131:
2124:
2056:Mirrored aviators
1758:
1757:
1750:
1637:Captain Fantastic
1571:Douglas MacArthur
1519:
1518:
1511:
1436:Machine Gun Kelly
1357:
1356:
1349:
1274:Corrective lenses
1057:Titan Minimal Art
928:American football
832:Aircraft piloting
668:fashion accessory
596:Further functions
291:Antoine Lavoisier
283:Antoine Lavoisier
195:fights using cut
6678:
6615:
6614:
6599:Vintage clothing
6427:
6372:Pocket protector
5656:
5652:
5612:Bodysuit, infant
5503:
5284:formal, informal
5279:
5119:Ceremonial dress
4575:
4568:
4561:
4552:
4258:
4251:
4244:
4235:
4204:
4200:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4178:
4172:
4171:
4146:(8): 1602–1612.
4135:
4129:
4128:
4103:(8): 1037–1044.
4091:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4080:
4075:on June 26, 2020
4071:. Archived from
4061:
4055:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3989:
3973:
3967:
3966:
3960:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3940:. Archived from
3934:
3928:
3908:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3893:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3854:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3829:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3809:. Archived from
3799:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3769:
3763:
3750:
3744:
3732:MB Optics Safety
3728:
3722:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3699:
3684:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3659:
3653:
3637:
3631:
3618:
3612:
3590:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3555:
3540:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3378:
3377:
3362:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3337:
3331:
3330:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3229:
3223:
3222:
3208:
3202:
3195:
3186:
3185:
3149:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3091:
3078:
3064:
3060:
3037:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3016:
3009:
3001:
2992:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2926:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2634:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2609:"Torquay Museum"
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2528:
2522:
2507:
2501:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2454:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2422:
2416:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2370:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2348:
2276:Kaenon Polarized
2127:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2076:
2068:
1873:Ray-Ban Wayfarer
1866:Ray-Ban Wayfarer
1856:Ray-Ban Wayfarer
1753:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1733:
1702:
1694:
1678:). Analogous to
1607:Browline glasses
1514:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1494:
1471:
1463:
1352:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1332:
1301:
1293:
1261:Kaenon Polarized
1214:Brewster's angle
1199:circadian rhythm
1172:office computing
1147:color distortion
1096:
1076:
1021:American Optical
1017:pilot sunglasses
1008:coating. During
967:
958:Swimming goggles
955:
250:vetri da gondola
180:Other precursors
137:First precursors
66:) are a form of
6688:
6687:
6681:
6680:
6679:
6677:
6676:
6675:
6626:
6625:
6624:
6619:
6609:
6603:
6545:made-to-measure
6498:Clothing fetish
6482:
6416:
6288:
6245:
6187:
6163:Square leg suit
6109:
6085:Blanket sleeper
6057:
6048:Sleeved blanket
5857:
5780:
5645:
5643:
5631:
5607:Bodysuit, adult
5595:
5527:
5495:
5487:
5410:
5364:
5283:
5271:
5263:
5109:
5100:
4950:
4811:
4745:Clerical collar
4721:
4619:
4618:
4584:
4579:
4549:
4544:
4496:
4433:
4395:
4268:
4262:
4222:Popular Science
4213:
4208:
4207:
4201:
4197:
4188:
4186:
4180:
4179:
4175:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4078:
4076:
4069:www.cabelas.com
4063:
4062:
4058:
4049:Wayback Machine
4037:
4033:
4024:
4022:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3987:
3985:
3975:
3974:
3970:
3953:
3947:
3945:
3938:"Archived copy"
3936:
3935:
3931:
3909:
3900:
3891:
3889:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3866:
3864:
3856:
3855:
3851:
3842:
3840:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3816:
3814:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3786:
3784:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3760:Wayback Machine
3751:
3747:
3741:Wayback Machine
3729:
3725:
3719:Wayback Machine
3710:
3706:
3697:
3695:
3686:
3685:
3681:
3672:
3670:
3661:
3660:
3656:
3650:Wayback Machine
3638:
3634:
3628:Wayback Machine
3619:
3615:
3603:Wayback Machine
3591:
3587:
3578:
3576:
3567:
3566:
3562:
3553:
3551:
3542:
3541:
3537:
3528:
3526:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3503:
3501:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3478:
3476:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3453:
3451:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3428:
3426:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3403:
3401:
3392:
3391:
3387:
3375:
3373:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3350:
3348:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3329:on 14 May 2008.
3321:Cole, Kirstin.
3320:
3319:
3315:
3306:
3304:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3238:
3236:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3196:
3189:
3151:
3150:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3109:
3107:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3071:
3053:
3038:
3029:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3007:
3003:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2984:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2939:
2937:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2916:
2912:
2903:
2901:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2877:
2875:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2852:
2850:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2827:
2825:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2802:
2800:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2778:
2776:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2753:
2751:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2724:
2722:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2699:
2697:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2674:
2672:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2649:
2647:
2636:
2635:
2626:
2617:
2615:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2592:
2590:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2562:
2560:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2537:
2535:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2521:, January, 2020
2508:
2504:
2498:Wayback Machine
2482:
2478:
2471:
2446:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2413:Wayback Machine
2403:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2372:
2371:
2364:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2332:Pulfrich effect
2308:
2301:William Painter
2252:
2243:Cooling glasses
2128:
2117:
2111:
2108:
2093:
2077:
2066:
2050:
2044:
2036:clip-on glasses
2032:
2010:The Independent
1997:
1995:Gradient lenses
1989:flip-up glasses
1977:
1972:
1939:
1910:New Romanticism
1858:
1852:
1774:psychedelic art
1754:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1719:
1703:
1692:
1668:
1662:
1622:
1609:
1603:
1580:Freddie Mercury
1533:
1527:
1515:
1504:
1498:
1495:
1484:
1472:
1461:
1452:
1353:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1318:
1302:
1291:
1116:
1111:
1104:
1097:
1088:
1077:
978:
971:
968:
959:
956:
944:football helmet
912:glacier glasses
851:
834:
787:
782:
765:
735:
723:
702:
598:
543:
506:More recently,
450:
430:
417:
328:Rodenstock GmbH
321:
214:, were used in
191:liked to watch
185:Pliny the Elder
182:
139:
134:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6686:
6685:
6682:
6674:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
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6638:
6628:
6627:
6621:
6620:
6608:
6605:
6604:
6602:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6565:
6564:
6554:
6553:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6532:
6527:
6525:Cross-dressing
6522:
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5617:Long underwear
5614:
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5597:
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5594:
5593:
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5586:
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5571:
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5544:Training pants
5541:
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4537:
4535:Shutter system
4532:
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4504:
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4270:
4269:
4263:
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4253:
4246:
4238:
4232:
4231:
4226:
4212:
4211:External links
4209:
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4130:
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3357:
3332:
3313:
3288:
3261:(11): 808–10.
3255:Int J Dermatol
3245:
3224:
3203:
3201:November 2003.
3187:
3116:
3086:
3027:
2993:
2982:
2957:Dev Ophthalmol
2947:
2921:
2910:
2885:
2860:
2835:
2810:
2785:
2773:Rodenstock B2C
2760:
2731:
2706:
2696:. 16 June 2014
2681:
2670:Slate Magazine
2656:
2624:
2613:Torquay Museum
2599:
2569:
2544:
2523:
2502:
2476:
2469:
2432:. 1997-10-03.
2417:
2397:
2362:
2342:
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2240:
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2198:
2188:
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2176:
2166:
2160:
2157:Sun spectacles
2154:
2148:
2142:
2130:
2129:
2080:
2078:
2071:
2065:
2062:
2046:Main article:
2043:
2040:
2031:
2028:
1996:
1993:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1959:Clint Eastwood
1938:
1935:
1906:New wave music
1854:Main article:
1851:
1848:
1815:Pretty in Pink
1798:Liam Gallagher
1756:
1755:
1706:
1704:
1697:
1691:
1688:
1676:window shutter
1666:Shutter shades
1664:Main article:
1661:
1660:Shutter shades
1658:
1621:
1618:
1605:Main article:
1602:
1599:
1576:Paul McCartney
1529:Main article:
1526:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1475:
1473:
1466:
1460:
1457:
1451:
1448:
1355:
1354:
1305:
1303:
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1287:
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1107:
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1089:
1078:
1071:
977:
974:
973:
972:
969:
962:
960:
957:
950:
873:mountain guide
850:
847:
839:Moiré patterns
833:
830:
786:
783:
781:
778:
764:
761:
760:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
734:
731:
722:
719:
701:
698:
597:
594:
542:
539:
465:photokeratitis
449:
446:
439:The lenses of
429:
426:
416:
413:
339:Crookes lenses
320:
317:
272:James Ayscough
246:Murano glasses
181:
178:
167:made and wore
138:
135:
133:
130:
94:then being an
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6684:
6683:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6661:Ophthalmology
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6633:
6631:
6618:
6613:
6606:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6563:
6560:
6559:
6558:
6555:
6551:
6550:ready-to-wear
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6540:haute couture
6538:
6537:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6513:creature suit
6511:
6510:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6503:Clothing swap
6501:
6499:
6496:
6495:
6493:
6489:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6458:
6457:
6454:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6444:morning dress
6442:
6441:
6440:
6437:
6436:
6434:
6432:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6419:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
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6398:
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6388:
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6380:
6378:
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6365:
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6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
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6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6299:
6297:
6295:
6291:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6256:
6254:
6252:
6248:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
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6199:
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6169:
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6154:
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6149:
6146:
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6141:
6139:
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6129:
6126:
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6116:
6112:
6106:
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6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
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6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6072:
6070:
6068:
6064:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6032:
6031:dressing gown
6029:
6027:
6024:
6023:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
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5952:
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5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5843:
5842:
5839:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
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5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5794:
5793:
5790:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5775:
5772:
5771:
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5752:
5748:
5745:
5744:
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5735:
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5726:
5723:
5722:
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5713:
5711:
5708:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5695:
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5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
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5669:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5661:
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5653:
5650:
5648:
5642:
5638:
5628:
5625:
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5613:
5610:
5608:
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5604:
5602:
5598:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5576:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5559:Plastic pants
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5530:
5524:
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5459:
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5454:
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5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
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5426:
5425:
5423:
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5417:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5367:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5345:Princess line
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5320:
5319:
5316:
5312:
5309:
5308:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5296:Bouffant gown
5294:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5282:Formal, semi-
5280:
5277:
5275:
5270:
5266:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
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5233:
5230:
5228:
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5127:
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5107:
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5079:
5075:
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5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5046:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5034:Pedal pushers
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
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4907:
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4902:
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4885:
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4878:
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4868:
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4858:
4855:
4853:
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4778:
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4756:
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4708:
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4631:
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4628:
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4622:
4615:
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4610:
4607:
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4074:
4070:
4066:
4060:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4035:
4032:
4021:on 2007-05-21
4020:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4006:
3998:
3995:
3984:on 2010-04-28
3983:
3979:
3972:
3969:
3964:
3958:
3944:on 2013-05-14
3943:
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3808:
3807:www.theaa.com
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3445:
3439:
3436:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3399:
3395:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3372:on 2013-01-24
3371:
3367:
3361:
3358:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3333:
3328:
3324:
3317:
3314:
3303:on 2006-02-12
3302:
3298:
3292:
3289:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3249:
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3228:
3225:
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3216:
3207:
3204:
3200:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3160:(5): 523–31.
3159:
3155:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3120:
3117:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3090:
3087:
3085:pp. 197-205.
3084:
3080:
3079:
3073:
3069:
3062:
3061:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3047:
3041:
3036:
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3013:
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2998:
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2986:
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2886:
2874:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2849:
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2836:
2824:
2820:
2814:
2811:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2761:
2750:on 2021-07-04
2749:
2745:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2695:
2691:
2685:
2682:
2671:
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2660:
2657:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2614:
2610:
2603:
2600:
2589:on 2007-07-03
2588:
2584:
2580:
2573:
2570:
2558:
2554:
2548:
2545:
2533:
2527:
2524:
2520:
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2514:
2513:
2506:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2488:
2487:
2480:
2477:
2472:
2470:1-4027-4302-5
2466:
2462:
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2453:
2452:
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2260:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2249:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2227:Stunna shades
2225:
2222:
2221:Solar shields
2219:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
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2170:
2167:
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2158:
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2137:
2136:
2135:
2126:
2123:
2115:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2081:This section
2079:
2075:
2070:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2054:
2049:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2001:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1981:
1974:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1943:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1889:Elvis Presley
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1806:Ozzy Osbourne
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1782:Roger Daltrey
1779:
1775:
1771:
1762:
1752:
1749:
1741:
1738:November 2013
1731:
1727:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1707:This section
1705:
1701:
1696:
1695:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1680:Inuit goggles
1677:
1673:
1667:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1650:
1648:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1633:
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1537:
1532:
1524:
1522:
1513:
1510:
1502:
1492:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1476:This section
1474:
1470:
1465:
1464:
1458:
1456:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1416:baseball bats
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1361:
1351:
1348:
1340:
1337:November 2013
1330:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1306:This section
1304:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1249:polycarbonate
1246:
1242:
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1221:
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1206:
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1124:New York City
1120:
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1075:
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991:
987:
982:
975:
966:
961:
954:
949:
947:
945:
941:
937:
936:Chicago Bears
933:
929:
924:
923:
920:
919:
913:
907:
905:
901:
897:
893:
888:
886:
878:
874:
871:
866:
860:
859:ocean kayaker
855:
848:
846:
844:
840:
831:
829:
825:
823:
817:
813:
810:
806:
802:
795:
791:
784:
779:
777:
774:
770:
763:United States
762:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
744:
743:
741:
732:
730:
728:
720:
715:
710:
706:
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697:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
671:
669:
662:
658:
653:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
618:
611:
607:
602:
595:
593:
591:
587:
581:
578:
573:
571:
566:
564:
560:
552:
547:
540:
538:
537:in the body.
536:
533:-stimulating
532:
528:
523:
521:
517:
513:
509:
504:
502:
501:solar viewers
498:
497:solar eclipse
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
454:
447:
445:
442:
437:
435:
427:
421:
414:
412:
410:
406:
402:
397:
395:
391:
390:Edwin H. Land
387:
382:
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376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
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348:
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340:
335:
333:
329:
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318:
316:
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306:
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280:
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269:
267:
263:
259:
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242:
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232:
227:
223:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
179:
177:
175:
174:North America
170:
166:
162:
161:snowblindness
158:
150:
147:
143:
136:
131:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
106:
104:
99:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:; more names
61:
57:
53:
49:
41:
37:
33:
29:
22:
6557:Fur clothing
6391:
6377:Pocket watch
5698:British Warm
5673:Chesterfield
5584:boxer shorts
5579:boxer briefs
5311:little black
4964:Bell-bottoms
4934:sweater vest
4472:Night-vision
4462:Fatal Vision
4452:Dark adaptor
4419:Solar viewer
4400:
4277:/ spectacles
4220:
4198:
4187:. Retrieved
4176:
4143:
4139:
4133:
4100:
4096:
4089:
4077:. Retrieved
4073:the original
4068:
4059:
4052:Spinoff 2006
4051:
4039:
4034:
4023:. Retrieved
4019:the original
4012:
4008:
4004:
3997:
3986:. Retrieved
3982:the original
3971:
3946:. Retrieved
3942:the original
3932:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3890:. Retrieved
3876:
3865:. Retrieved
3861:
3852:
3841:. Retrieved
3839:. 2022-11-01
3836:
3827:
3815:. Retrieved
3811:the original
3806:
3797:
3785:. Retrieved
3777:autoblog.com
3776:
3767:
3748:
3731:
3726:
3707:
3696:. Retrieved
3682:
3671:. Retrieved
3657:
3640:
3635:
3616:
3606:
3593:
3588:
3577:. Retrieved
3572:
3563:
3552:. Retrieved
3547:
3538:
3527:. Retrieved
3522:
3513:
3502:. Retrieved
3497:
3488:
3477:. Retrieved
3472:
3463:
3452:. Retrieved
3447:
3438:
3427:. Retrieved
3422:
3413:
3402:. Retrieved
3397:
3388:
3380:
3374:. Retrieved
3370:the original
3360:
3349:. Retrieved
3335:
3327:the original
3316:
3305:. Retrieved
3301:the original
3291:
3258:
3254:
3248:
3237:. Retrieved
3227:
3218:
3214:
3206:
3157:
3153:
3129:
3125:
3119:
3108:. Retrieved
3100:Live Science
3099:
3089:
3082:
3074:
3070:pp. 111-116.
3067:
3056:
3043:
3019:. Retrieved
2985:
2960:
2956:
2950:
2938:. Retrieved
2924:
2913:
2902:. Retrieved
2888:
2876:. Retrieved
2872:
2863:
2851:. Retrieved
2848:museyeum.org
2847:
2838:
2826:. Retrieved
2823:museyeum.org
2822:
2813:
2801:. Retrieved
2798:museyeum.org
2797:
2788:
2777:. Retrieved
2772:
2763:
2752:. Retrieved
2748:the original
2743:
2734:
2723:. Retrieved
2721:. 2021-08-07
2718:
2709:
2698:. Retrieved
2694:Venetian Cat
2693:
2684:
2673:. Retrieved
2669:
2659:
2648:. Retrieved
2642:
2639:"Sunglasses"
2616:. Retrieved
2612:
2602:
2591:. Retrieved
2587:the original
2582:
2572:
2561:. Retrieved
2559:. 2019-05-07
2556:
2547:
2536:. Retrieved
2526:
2516:
2510:
2505:
2491:snow-goggles
2484:
2479:
2450:
2438:. Retrieved
2420:
2400:
2388:. Retrieved
2377:
2354:
2346:
2270:
2253:
2242:
2236:
2226:
2220:
2210:
2200:
2194:
2191:Dark glasses
2190:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2144:
2138:
2133:
2118:
2112:January 2010
2109:
2094:Please help
2082:
2059:
2033:
2017:
2014:
2006:
1986:
1962:
1952:
1948:
1930:
1926:Moonlighting
1924:
1918:
1902:
1870:
1865:
1836:
1823:
1820:Jodie Foster
1813:
1790:Jerry Garcia
1767:
1744:
1735:
1720:Please help
1708:
1669:
1651:
1644:
1641:
1634:
1631:
1610:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1542:
1520:
1505:
1496:
1485:Please help
1480:verification
1477:
1453:
1444:
1440:
1424:
1393:
1366:
1343:
1334:
1319:Please help
1307:
1270:
1257:polyurethane
1234:
1230:mirrorshades
1222:
1207:
1180:
1169:
1140:
1109:Construction
1056:
1052:
1029:Lunar Module
1024:
1019:produced by
1014:
995:
925:
915:
911:
908:
889:
882:
835:
826:
818:
814:
803:
799:
766:
736:
726:
724:
703:
695:
683:exophthalmos
672:
665:
619:
615:
606:exophthalmos
582:
577:UV radiation
574:
567:
556:
524:
505:
462:
459:
438:
431:
399:At present,
398:
378:
367:Foster Grant
336:
322:
312:
308:
305:Walter Alden
302:
295:
288:
270:
253:
249:
243:
228:
224:
207:
204:smoky quartz
201:
183:
169:snow goggles
154:
149:snow goggles
107:
100:
91:
88:sun cheaters
87:
59:
55:
51:
47:
46:
36:
28:Dark Glasses
6456:Semi-formal
6422:Dress codes
6312:Boutonnière
6294:Accessories
6173:Swim diaper
6168:Swim briefs
6133:Boardshorts
6053:Windbreaker
5814:Suit jacket
5809:Mess jacket
5703:Guards Coat
5622:See-through
5386:Romper suit
4760:Neck gaiter
4755:Neckerchief
4609:Terminology
4487:Upside down
4324:Horn-rimmed
4229:ISO 12312-1
3605:website of
2518:Smithsonian
2064:Other names
1963:Dirty Harry
1937:Wrap-around
1897:The Beatles
1885:Roy Orbison
1825:Taxi Driver
1786:John Lennon
1778:Mick Jagger
1770:John Lennon
1613:horn-rimmed
1499:August 2014
1450:Nose bridge
1412:skateboards
1377:metal alloy
1176:ergonomists
1085:Buzz Aldrin
1065:optometrist
1010:space walks
932:Jim McMahon
780:Special-use
622:eye contact
570:stray light
527:skin cancer
377:. By 1938,
347:early 1920s
114:ultraviolet
52:sun glasses
6666:Prevention
6636:Sunglasses
6630:Categories
6397:Suspenders
6392:Sunglasses
6327:Cummerbund
6317:Coin purse
6221:Flip-flops
6216:Dress shoe
6211:Dress boot
6206:Court shoe
6153:Rash guard
6100:Nightshirt
5974:Harrington
5932:pellegrina
5792:Frock coat
5785:Suit coats
5774:Mackintosh
5715:Over-frock
5574:Underpants
5523:Undershirt
5396:Shirtdress
5237:boilersuit
5134:diplomatic
5096:Yoga pants
5086:Sweatpants
4999:High water
4994:Go-to-hell
4887:sleeveless
4840:halterneck
4830:cache-cœur
4750:Lavallière
4604:Technology
4540:VR headset
4401:Sunglasses
4189:2013-06-10
4025:2010-05-13
3988:2010-05-13
3948:2009-09-22
3892:2016-09-17
3867:2023-12-28
3843:2023-12-28
3698:2016-02-15
3673:2016-02-15
3579:2022-03-14
3554:2022-03-14
3529:2022-03-14
3504:2022-03-14
3479:2022-03-14
3454:2022-03-14
3429:2022-03-14
3404:2022-03-14
3376:2012-11-26
3351:2015-03-19
3307:2010-05-13
3239:2010-05-13
3221:: 243–246.
3132:(1): 1–4.
3110:2017-08-28
3021:2010-05-13
2963:: 93–103.
2940:8 February
2904:2012-05-01
2779:2021-08-07
2754:2021-08-07
2725:2021-08-07
2700:2021-08-07
2675:2021-08-07
2650:2021-08-07
2618:2021-08-07
2593:2007-06-28
2563:2021-08-07
2538:2010-05-13
2440:2009-01-25
2338:References
2291:ic! berlin
2185:Sun-shades
1893:Bob Marley
1881:James Dean
1808:, Duckie (
1794:Boy George
1616:followed.
1432:Snoop Dogg
1201:and treat
1061:Silhouette
1045:zinc oxide
998:atmosphere
900:whitewater
531:melanocyte
520:ETH Zürich
477:eye cancer
448:Protection
355:Sam Foster
237:through a
157:spectacles
48:Sunglasses
6466:black tie
6449:white tie
6357:Jewellery
6274:Pantyhose
6148:One-piece
6095:Nightgown
6067:Nightwear
5905:Inverness
5900:ferraiolo
5725:shadbelly
5693:Greatcoat
5660:Overcoats
5647:outerwear
5493:Underwear
5448:Miniskirt
5433:Ballerina
5350:Strapless
5328:debutante
5323:ball gown
5301:Coatdress
5242:cleanroom
5200:Religious
5195:Political
5091:Windpants
5029:Parachute
4946:Waistcoat
4924:polo neck
4508:Blindfold
4447:Ballistic
4381:Trifocals
4351:Pince-nez
4334:Lorgnette
4264:Types of
4168:145296760
4040:no author
4005:no author
3912:no author
3837:Viewpoint
3641:no author
3594:no author
3049:Karlsruhe
2769:"History"
2312:Eye patch
2286:Serengeti
2259:Luxottica
2250:Producers
2169:Sun specs
2083:does not
1864:Original
1840:marijuana
1810:Jon Cryer
1709:does not
1690:Teashades
1620:Oversized
1408:zebrawood
1308:does not
1195:melatonin
1049:sunscreen
1033:Apollo 11
721:Australia
700:Standards
691:nystagmus
679:black eye
657:Elize Ryd
473:pterygium
469:cataracts
415:Functions
386:Polarized
375:Boardwalk
371:Woolworth
351:celluloid
337:In 1913,
252:and also
231:Louis XIV
193:gladiator
84:polarized
6473:Informal
6402:Umbrella
6347:Headband
6322:Cufflink
6279:Stocking
6264:Hold-ups
6193:Footwear
6143:Monokini
6138:Dry suit
6115:Swimwear
6090:Negligee
6080:Babygrow
6075:Babydoll
6043:Ski suit
6026:bathrobe
6006:Lab coat
5984:mackinaw
5927:mozzetta
5917:monastic
5878:pinafore
5841:Tailcoat
5769:Raincoat
5549:Leggings
5518:Camisole
5498:lingerie
5406:Sundress
5306:Cocktail
5291:Backless
5232:Workwear
5215:vestment
5210:clerical
5190:Pantsuit
5156:Military
5151:Jumpsuit
5146:Jodhpuri
5124:academic
5111:uniforms
5081:Slim-fit
5069:hotpants
5019:Overalls
5014:Jodhpurs
4956:Trousers
4909:guernsey
4904:cardigan
4845:tube top
4835:crop top
4727:Neckwear
4702:Kerchief
4643:baseball
4625:Headwear
4614:Timeline
4599:Industry
4582:Clothing
4530:Eyepatch
4429:Wayfarer
4414:Mirrored
4371:Shooting
4366:Scissors
4329:Lensless
4294:Browline
4289:Bifocals
4160:20030543
4125:35562927
4117:27322730
4045:Archived
3957:cite web
3886:Archived
3781:Archived
3756:Archived
3737:Archived
3715:Archived
3692:Archived
3667:Archived
3646:Archived
3624:Archived
3599:Archived
3345:Archived
3283:45093664
3182:40276594
3174:15302349
3146:16395131
3104:Archived
3046:Klinikum
3012:Archived
2977:12061282
2934:Archived
2898:Archived
2494:Archived
2459:p.
2434:Archived
2409:Archived
2384:Archived
2306:See also
2281:Maui Jim
2179:Sunglass
2173:sunspecs
2163:Spekkies
2042:Mirrored
2020:bifocals
1970:Variants
1955:Yoko Ono
1850:Wayfarer
1601:Browline
1560:aviators
1404:rosewood
1225:mirrored
1210:Polaroid
1163:pilots".
1002:infrared
916:glacier
904:buoyancy
807:and the
687:cataract
592:shades.
559:optician
409:its port
394:Polaroid
298:syphilis
258:Venetian
197:emeralds
159:against
96:American
92:cheaters
72:sunlight
6569:Fursuit
6535:Fashion
6508:Costume
6491:Related
6431:Western
6352:Handbag
6337:Glasses
6332:Gaiters
6302:Armband
6251:Legwear
6241:Sneaker
6236:Slipper
6183:Wetsuit
6128:Burkini
6105:Pajamas
5989:Norfolk
5979:leather
5944:Cut-off
5890:Cagoule
5885:Blouson
5851:morning
5824:smoking
5797:bekishe
5754:Paletot
5554:Panties
5463:Rah-rah
5458:Prairie
5355:Wedding
5340:Prairie
5318:Evening
5269:Dresses
5205:cassock
5171:service
5074:running
5059:dolphin
5054:dycling
5049:Bermuda
5024:Palazzo
5004:Lowrise
4969:Bondage
4939:twinset
4899:Sweater
4852:Cycling
4765:Necktie
4680:homburg
4594:History
4525:Contact
4518:Blinker
4513:Blinder
4492:Welding
4482:Swedish
4467:Foggles
4457:Doggles
4439:Goggles
4424:Shutter
4409:Aviator
4386:Windsor
4361:Rimless
4356:Pinhole
4346:Monocle
4319:Groucho
4309:Chicken
4304:Cat eye
4299:Bug-eye
4275:glasses
4266:eyewear
4079:Jun 24,
4009:no date
3916:no date
3817:Jun 24,
3787:6 April
3275:8543419
2878:Jun 24,
2853:Jun 24,
2828:Jun 24,
2803:Jun 24,
2317:Goggles
2217:people.
2201:Sunnies
2195:pair of
2104:removed
2089:sources
2030:Flip-up
1975:Clip-on
1961:in the
1931:Mad Men
1877:Ray-Ban
1730:removed
1715:sources
1594:Jackass
1585:Top Gun
1564:aviator
1552:Bengali
1525:Aviator
1428:Beyoncé
1329:removed
1314:sources
1278:glasses
1245:acrylic
1241:plastic
1192:hormone
1041:welding
918:goggles
892:goggles
740:CE mark
714:CE mark
655:Artist
634:weeping
551:Stanley
535:hormone
373:on the
369:from a
359:beaches
266:Goldoni
254:da dama
208:Ai Tai,
206:called
132:History
80:glasses
60:sunnies
6478:Casual
6439:Formal
6407:Wallet
6362:Livery
6342:Gloves
6284:Tights
6269:Garter
6226:Sandal
6178:Trunks
6123:Bikini
6016:Poncho
6001:Jerkin
5994:safari
5969:goggle
5964:flight
5954:Jacket
5939:Coatee
5912:Mantle
5829:sports
5819:Blazer
5737:Ulster
5732:Trench
5720:Riding
5688:Duster
5683:Duffel
5678:Covert
5589:briefs
5539:Diaper
5532:Bottom
5468:Sarong
5453:Pencil
5428:A-line
5420:Skirts
5391:Sheath
5381:Jumper
5369:Casual
5257:scrubs
5247:hazmat
5227:Prison
5222:School
5183:combat
5176:sailor
5044:Shorts
4989:Formal
4919:jersey
4914:hoodie
4877:Henley
4862:Mantle
4825:Blouse
4807:Tippet
4790:school
4785:kipper
4740:Choker
4712:Turban
4692:Helmet
4675:fedora
4670:bowler
4665:boater
4166:
4158:
4123:
4115:
3922:on the
3281:
3273:
3180:
3172:
3144:
2975:
2467:
2390:2 July
2298:, Inc.
2265:Safilo
2237:Glecks
2171:(also
2151:Glints
2145:Glares
2139:Shades
1844:heroin
1420:Shwood
1396:bamboo
1389:Oakley
1385:rubber
1381:spring
1289:Frames
1135:stress
1101:Aldrin
1027:, the
870:Sherpa
849:Sports
733:Europe
549:These
401:Xiamen
343:cerium
220:courts
56:shades
6562:types
6412:Watch
6387:Spats
6158:Sling
6038:Shawl
6011:Parka
5949:Gilet
5922:royal
5873:Apron
5866:Other
5846:dress
5802:rekel
5747:opera
5742:Cloak
5710:Greca
5641:Coats
5627:Teddy
5569:Thong
5473:Skort
5443:Men's
5438:Denim
5376:House
5335:Plain
5274:gowns
5252:space
5129:court
5106:Suits
5009:Jeans
4984:Chaps
4979:Cargo
4974:Capri
4929:shrug
4872:dress
4867:Shirt
4857:Kurta
4802:Scarf
4795:stock
4770:ascot
4735:Bands
4633:Beret
4501:Other
4391:X-ray
4376:Smart
4339:Opera
4284:Belay
4273:(Eye)
4164:S2CID
4121:S2CID
3279:S2CID
3178:S2CID
3063:]
3015:(PDF)
3008:(PDF)
2231:hyphy
2215:blind
2205:slang
1812:) in
1802:Suggs
1684:above
1682:(see
1639:act.
1589:Cobra
1400:ebony
1375:or a
1373:metal
1369:nylon
1253:CR-39
1237:glass
1183:above
1143:color
1081:Eagle
1025:Eagle
976:Space
883:Like
675:blind
646:tells
642:poker
610:Heino
563:below
516:Swiss
493:below
434:glare
405:China
332:glare
256:) by
229:King
216:China
212:glare
165:Inuit
146:Inuit
126:LASEK
122:LASIK
103:beach
64:below
6579:Laws
6382:Sash
6367:Muff
6307:Belt
6259:Sock
6231:Shoe
6201:Boot
6021:Robe
5959:down
5895:Cape
5834:Teba
5764:Polo
5600:Full
5564:Slip
5496:and
5483:Wrap
5478:Tutu
5401:Slip
5360:Wrap
5272:and
5166:mess
5161:full
5141:Folk
5039:Phat
4882:polo
4817:Tops
4775:bolo
4717:Veil
4707:Mask
4697:Hood
4653:knit
4648:flat
4477:Snow
4156:PMID
4113:PMID
4081:2020
3963:link
3925:NASA
3819:2020
3789:2017
3271:PMID
3170:PMID
3142:PMID
2973:PMID
2942:2009
2880:2020
2855:2020
2830:2020
2805:2020
2465:ISBN
2392:2013
2379:Life
2087:any
2085:cite
2022:and
1957:and
1923:and
1871:The
1831:lens
1818:and
1713:any
1711:cite
1654:arch
1587:and
1578:and
1434:and
1371:, a
1312:any
1310:cite
1141:The
1114:Lens
1053:e.g.
1006:gold
938:and
896:surf
843:LCDs
773:ANSI
626:cool
512:Suva
483:and
380:Life
262:Doge
189:Nero
108:The
74:and
6671:Sun
5759:Pea
5668:Car
5644:and
5513:Bra
5506:Top
5108:and
5064:gym
4780:bow
4685:top
4660:Hat
4638:Cap
4148:doi
4105:doi
3263:doi
3162:doi
3134:doi
2965:doi
2461:254
2098:by
1724:by
1672:fad
1489:by
1323:by
1276:or
1255:or
1031:of
914:or
898:or
693:).
681:),
485:UVB
481:UVA
361:of
58:or
50:or
6632::
4314:GI
4162:.
4154:.
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4119:.
4111:.
4101:33
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