1116:… I was stunned, and first and foremost by his choice of such apparently disparate poems. It had never occurred to me that they could be united like that. In my book I didn't put them next to each other. But here the jolly, youthful, anti-bureaucratic "career" and the poem "Humor," full of jaunty lines, were linked with the melancholy and graphic poem about tired Russian women queueing in a shop. Then came "Fears Are Dying in Russia." Shostakovich interpreted it in his own way, giving it a depth and insight that the poem lacked before.... In connecting all these poems like that, Shostakovich completely changed me as a poet.
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1962 with the government box empty but the theatre otherwise packed. The symphony played to a tremendous ovation. Kondrashin remembered, "At the end of the first movement the audience started to applaud and shout hysterically. The atmosphere was tense enough as it was, and I waved at them to calm down. We started playing the second movement at once, so as not to put
Shostakovich into an awkward position." Sculptor
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the work was effectively banned in the Soviet bloc, the work's premiere in East Berlin occurring only because the local censor had forgotten to clear the performance with Moscow beforehand. Meanwhile, a copy of the score with the original text was smuggled to the West, where it was premiered and recorded in
January 1970 by the
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Second to the "Babi Yar" movement, "Fears" was the most viciously attacked of the movements by the bureaucrats. To keep the symphony in performance, seven lines of the poem were altered, replacing references to imprisonment without trial, to neglect of the poor and to the fear experienced by artists.
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Even with these changed lines, the symphony enjoyed relatively few performances — two with the revised text in Moscow in
February 1963, one performance in Minsk (with the original text, conductor Vitaly Katayev) shortly afterward, as well as Gorky, Leningrad and Novosibirsk. After these performances,
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By the time
Shostakovich had completed the first movement on 27 March 1962, Yevtushenko was already being subjected to a campaign of criticism, as he was now considered a political liability. Khrushchev's agents engendered a campaign to discredit him, accusing the poet of placing the suffering of the
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Official interference continued throughout the day of the concert. Cameras originally slated to televise the piece were noisily dismantled. The entire choir threatened to walk out; a desperate speech by
Yevtushenko was all that kept them from doing so. The premiere finally went ahead on December 18,
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The rest of the poem is as strongly aimed at the Soviet political authorities as those lines that were changed so the reasons for these changes were more precise. Not wanting to set the new version to music, yet knowing the original version faced little chance of performance, the composer agreed to
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This movement is about the hardship of Soviet women queueing in a shop. This arouses
Shostakovich's compassion no less than racial prejudice and gratuitous violence. Written in the form of a lament, the chorus departs from its unison line in the music's two concluding harmonized chords for the only
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twice the length of the original. The length of the new version can be explained not only by changes in content but also by a noticeable difference in writing style. It might be possible that
Yevtushenko intentionally changed his style of narrative to make it clear that the modified version of the
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For the Party, performing critical texts at a public concert with symphonic backing had a potentially much greater impact than simply reading the same texts at home privately. It should be no surprise, then, that
Khrushchev criticized it before the premiere, and threatened to stop its performance,
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As for what "moralising" poetry is, I didn't understand. Why, as you maintain, it isn't "among the best." Morality is the twin sister of conscience. And because
Yevtushenko writes about conscience, God grant him all the very best. Every morning, instead of morning prayers, I reread - well, recite
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By mid-August 1962, Gmyrya had withdrawn from the premiere under pressure from the local Party
Committee; writing the composer, he claimed that, in view of the dubious text, he declined to perform the work. Mravinsky soon followed suit, though he excused himself for other than political reasons.
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theme of Jewish suffering with Yevtushenko's verses about other Soviet abuses. Yevtushenko wrote the text for the 4th movement, "Fears," at the composer's request. The composer completed these four additional movements within six weeks, putting the final touches on the symphony on July 20, 1962,
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to conduct the work. Two singers were engaged, Victor Nechipailo to sing the premiere and Vitaly Gromadsky in case a substitute were needed. Nechipailo was forced to drop out at the last minute (to cover at the Bolshoi Theatre for a singer who had been ordered to "get sick" in a performance of
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bass, giving the musical effect of sunshine after a storm, it is an ironic attack on bureaucrats, touching on cynical self-interest and robotic unanimity while also a tribute to genuine creativity. The soloist comes onto equal terms with the chorus, with sarcastic commentary provided by the
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text is not something he initially intended. While Shostakovich biographer Laurel Fay maintains that such a volume has yet to surface, the fact remains that Yevtushenko wrote new lines for the eight most offensive ones questioned by the authorities.
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This movement touches on the subject of suppression in the Soviet Union and is the most elaborate musically of the symphony's five movements, using a variety of musical ideas to stress its message, from an angry march to alternating soft and violent
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had an important bearing on the Thirteenth Symphony, as well as on Shostakovich's late work. Shostakovich wrote the greater part of his vocal music after his immersion in Mussorgsky's work, and his method of writing for the voice in small
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Harmonic ambiguity instills a deep sense of unease as the chorus intones the first lines of the poem: "Fears are dying-out in Russia." ("Умирают в России страхи.") Shostakovich breaks this mood only in response to Yevtushenko's
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The symphony was originally intended as a single-movement "vocal-symphonic poem". By the end of May, Shostakovich had found three additional poems by Yevtushenko, which caused him to expand the work into a multi-movement
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in all its forms. (Although a monument was not erected at Babi Yar by the Soviet government, it still became a place of pilgrimage for Soviet Jews.) Shostakovich sets the poem as a series of theatrical episodes — the
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Kondrashin gave two performances of the Thirteenth Symphony; a third was scheduled for 15 January 1963. However, at the beginning of 1963 Yevtushenko reportedly published a second, now politically correct version of
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that "if I were to able to write music I would have written it exactly the way Shostakovich did.... His music made the poem greater, more meaningful and powerful. In a word, it became a much better poem."
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lines, "We weren't afraid/of construction work in blizzards/or of going into battle under shell-fire," ("Не боялись мы строить в метели, / уходить под снарядами в бой,) parodying the Soviet marching song
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from memory - two poems from Yevtushenko, "Boots" and "A Career." "Boots" is conscience. "A Career" is morality. One should not be deprived of conscience. To lose conscience is to lose everything.
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619:") to colour Yevtushenko's imagery of the spirit of mockery, endlessly murdered and endlessly resurrected, denouncing the vain attempts of tyrants to shackle wit. The movement is a
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called him a "boudoir poet" — in other words, a moralist. Shostakovich defended the poet in a letter dated 26 October 1965, to his pupil
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Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.
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poem that describes aspects of Soviet history and life. Although the symphony is commonly referred to by the nickname
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This nickname neither appears on the title page of the symphony's manuscript score nor originates from the composer.
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In this movement, Shostakovich and Yevtushenko transform the 1941 massacre by Nazis of Jews at Babi Yar, near
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Shostakovich and Stalin: The Extraordinary Relationship Between the Great Composer and the Brutal Dictator
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The symphony was completed on July 20, 1962, and first performed in Moscow on December 18 of that year.
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during a hospital stay. Discharged that day, he took the night train to Kiev to show the score to bass
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the performance of the new version yet did not add those lines to the manuscript of the symphony.
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Although the Thirteenth Symphony is widely known as 'Babi Yar' Symphony there is, according to
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Yevtushenko remembered, on hearing the composer play and sing the complete symphony for him,
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declined the assignment. Vitaly Gromadsky sang the solo part alongside the basses of the
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Babi Yar (Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 2002).
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Texts of the poems in Russian and English translation (original text).
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Saint Petersburg Academic Philharmonia Named After D. D. Shostakovich
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501:, no such subtitle is designated in Shostakovich's manuscript score.
94:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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1970:(Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1994, 2006).
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While this movement opens with a pastoral duet by flutes over a
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and other wind instruments, as well as rude squeaking from the
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chorus, and an orchestra with the following instrumentation.
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in 1962. It consists of five movements, each a setting of a
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2000:, Vitaly Gromadsky. December 20, 1962. Praga Digitals
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in September 1961 and, along with the publication of
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International Shostakovich Chamber Music Competition
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152:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1756:- Vitaly Katayev. "Fears are dying-out in Russia."
1857:The Symphony: Volume 2, Mahler to the Present Day
1071:, Shostakovich had always loathed anti-Semitism.
1809:The Music of Dmitri Shostakovich: The Symphonies
3200:The War Symphonies: Shostakovich Against Stalin
2560:The Tale of the Priest and of His Workman Balda
2482:Novorossiisk Chimes, the Flame of Eternal Glory
1968:Shostakovich: A Life Remembered, Second Edition
1915:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
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655:functioning much the same as a liturgical amen.
393:Bass soloist, men's chorus, and large orchestra
1134:Jewish people above that of the Russians. The
2019:
1938:Testimony: The Memoirs of Dmitri Shostakovich
1842:Natasha's Dance: A Cultural History of Russia
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1350:To the smallest dew-drop, she is close to me
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53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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2789:Suite on Verses of Michelangelo Buonarroti
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1754:Виталий КАТАЕВ. "Умирают в России страхи."
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607:Shostakovich quotes from the third of his
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2768:Seven Romances on Poems by Alexander Blok
1951:Volkov, Solomon, tr. Antonina W. Bouis,
1859:(New York: Drake Publishing Inc., 1972).
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651:time in the entire symphony, ending on a
283:Learn how and when to remove this message
265:Learn how and when to remove this message
212:Learn how and when to remove this message
110:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1245:Я – каждый здесь расстрелянный ребёнок.
609:Six Romances on Verses by British Poets
1424:In Memoriam to the Martyrs of Babi Yar
1338:Together with Jews in the same ground.
1242:Я – каждый здесь расстрелянный старик.
1236:И сам я, как сплошной беззвучный крик,
1047:One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
3172:Shostakovich v. Twentieth Century-Fox
1308:I become a gigantic, soundless scream
1060:literature during the premiership of
698:("Bravely, comrades, march to step").
7:
2066:Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District
1940:(New York: Harper & Row, 1979).
1917:(London: Macmillan, 1980), 20 vols.
1855:Layton, Robert, ed. Robert Simpson,
1807:Blokker, Roy, with Robert Dearling,
1302:And even now I bear the scars of it.
1230:и до сих пор на мне – следы гвоздей.
150:adding citations to reliable sources
16:1962 symphony by Dmitri Shostakovich
3290:Classical music about the Holocaust
1955:(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004).
1913:Schwarz, Boris, ed. Stanley Sadie,
1811:(London: The Tantivy Press, 1979).
1332:That gives me faith in brotherhood.
1227:А вот я, на кресте распятый, гибну,
1034:'s poem "Babi Yar" appeared in the
161:"Symphony No. 13" Shostakovich
2740:The Sun Shines Over Our Motherland
1887:(reprinted & updated in 2006).
1314:I am every old man shot dead here.
14:
3270:Symphonies by Dmitri Shostakovich
2453:Suite for Variety Orchestra No. 1
1896:A History of Russian Music: From
1335:Here Russians lie, and Ukrainians
1281:мне близкой всею сутью и судьбой.
34:This article has multiple issues.
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2796:Four Verses of Captain Lebyadkin
1386:Shostakovich's orchestration of
1329:Here I stand at the fountainhead
1317:I am every child shot dead here.
1311:Above the thousands buried here.
1299:Here I die, nailed to the cross.
1275:фашизму преградившей путь собой,
1260:дающей веру в наше братство мне.
1257:Я тут стою, как будто у криницы,
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3081:Dmitri Shostakovich-class ferry
1347:In blocking the way to Fascism.
1344:I think of Russia's heroic dead
1266:с евреями лежат в одной земле..
1263:Здесь русские лежат и украинцы,
1239:над тысячами тысяч погребённых.
1224:Вот я бреду по древнему Египту.
1105:to give the score to conductor
617:Macpherson Before His Execution
137:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
2782:Six Poems by Marina Tsvetayeva
2447:Suite for Jazz Orchestra No. 2
2442:Suite for Jazz Orchestra No. 1
1296:Here I tread across old Egypt.
535:The symphony consists of five
1:
3101:London Shostakovich Orchestra
3030:Piano Sonata No. 2 in B minor
2761:The Execution of Stepan Razin
1466:Sikorski Musikverlage Hamburg
1278:до самой наикрохотной росинки
1221:Мне кажется сейчас – я иудей.
1056:, happened during a surge of
508:conducted the premiere after
471:Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra
3285:Compositions in B-flat minor
2977:Piano Trio No. 2 in E minor
2972:Piano Trio No. 1 in C minor
2665:The Unforgettable Year 1919
2514:March of the Soviet Militia
1844:(New York: Picador, 2002).
1180:conducted the 1962 premiere
1083:Yevgeny Yevtushenko c. 1979
406:December 18, 1962
322:Dmitri Shostakovich in 1958
90:the claims made and adding
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1704:Quoted in Wilson, 409—410.
1647:Quoted in Wilson, 413—414.
1353:In her being and her fate.
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1564:As quoted in Wilson, 401.
1405:Songs and Dances of Death
1272:Я думаю о подвиге России,
753:The symphony calls for a
563:, into a denunciation of
514:Republican Russian Chorus
448:Republican Russian Chorus
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3275:1962 in the Soviet Union
2967:Piano Quintet in G minor
1765:Wilson, 410 footnote 27.
1156:Shostakovich then asked
696:Smelo tovarishchi v nogu
3159:Muddle Instead of Music
2962:Cello Sonata in D minor
2754:From Jewish Folk Poetry
2726:Suite on Finnish Themes
1715:Shostakovich and Stalin
1382:Influence of Mussorgsky
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444:Vitaly Gromadsky (bass)
237:Some of this article's
3114:Shostakovich Peninsula
3074:Named for Shostakovich
3042:24 Preludes and Fugues
3019:Three Fantastic Dances
2679:Five Days, Five Nights
1656:Quoted in Wilson, 413.
1368:Philadelphia Orchestra
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1042:Alexander Solzhenitsyn
3206:Wihuri Sibelius Prize
2982:Quartet Movement in E
2466:Encounter at the Elbe
1713:As quoted in Volkov,
1459:"Dmitri Shostakovich"
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3295:Censorship in Russia
3119:Shostakovich Quartet
2117:Moscow, Cheryomushki
2051:Operas and operettas
2044:List of compositions
1894:and Erica Pomerans,
1876:The New Shostakovich
1824:Shostakovich: A Life
1293:I feel myself a Jew.
1037:Literaturnaya Gazeta
983:(preferably doubled)
426:Moscow, Russian SFSR
146:improve this article
3058:Galina Shostakovich
3036:Children's Notebook
2747:Antiformalist Rayok
2733:Song of the Forests
2644:Meeting on the Elbe
2581:The Return of Maxim
2035:Dmitri Shostakovich
1966:Wilson, Elizabeth,
1890:Maes, Francis, tr.
1674:Quoted in Fay, 229.
1129:Growing controversy
623:gesture of mocking
525:Moscow Philharmonic
493:Yevgeny Yevtushenko
489:Dmitri Shostakovich
423:Moscow Conservatory
352:Yevgeny Yevtushenko
310:Dmitri Shostakovich
3064:Maxim Shostakovich
2651:The Fall of Berlin
2567:The Youth of Maxim
2506:Concert/brass band
2227:American premieres
2222:Leningrad première
2070:Katerina Izmailova
1892:Arnold J. Pomerans
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421:Large Hall of the
75:possibly contains
3280:1962 compositions
3265:Choral symphonies
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3165:The Noise of Time
3091:2669 Shostakovich
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2945:No. 16 in B major
2896:No. 11 in F minor
2686:Sofiya Perovskaya
2602:The Great Citizen
2423:The Limpid Stream
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2296:No. 15 in A major
2291:No. 14 in G minor
2265:No. 12 in D minor
2255:No. 11 in G minor
2250:No. 10 in E minor
2149:The Limpid Stream
2093:The Twelve Chairs
2077:The Big Lightning
1976:978-0-691-12886-3
1961:978-0-375-41082-6
1946:978-0-06-014476-0
1934:Antonina W. Bouis
1923:978-0-333-23111-1
1908:978-0-520-21815-4
1865:978-0-87749-245-0
1850:978-0-312-42195-3
1832:978-0-19-513438-4
1817:978-0-8386-1948-3
1388:Modest Mussorgsky
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1178:Kirill Kondrashin
1158:Kirill Kondrashin
1107:Yevgeny Mravinsky
1092:by complementing
1062:Nikita Khrushchev
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576:and the story of
510:Yevgeny Mravinsky
506:Kirill Kondrashin
483:in B-flat minor,
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435:Kirill Kondrashin
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3128:Related articles
2988:major (c. 1960s)
2987:
2986:
2939:
2938:
2928:
2927:
2917:
2916:
2906:
2905:
2890:
2889:
2879:
2878:
2869:No. 8 in C minor
2863:
2862:
2853:No. 6 in G major
2847:
2846:
2837:No. 4 in D major
2832:No. 3 in F major
2827:No. 2 in A major
2822:No. 1 in C major
2810:
2546:Golden Mountains
2459:Festive Overture
2449:(orch. McBurney)
2391:Orchestral works
2378:No. 2 in G major
2372:
2371:
2350:
2349:
2340:No. 1 in A minor
2324:No. 2 in F major
2319:No. 1 in C minor
2309:
2280:
2279:
2244:
2243:
2234:No. 8 in C minor
2212:No. 7 in C major
2207:No. 6 in B minor
2202:No. 5 in D minor
2197:No. 4 in C minor
2191:The First of May
2186:
2185:
2171:No. 2 in B major
2166:No. 1 in F minor
2101:Katyusha Maslova
2028:
2021:
2014:
2005:
1998:Kiril Kondrashin
1879:(Boston: 1990).
1826:(Oxford: 2000).
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1325:Censored Version
1289:Original Version
1253:Censored Version
1217:Original Version
1211:
1187:Ernst Neizvestny
1140:Boris Tishchenko
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574:Białystok pogrom
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3249:Classical Music
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2588:The Vyborg Side
2532:The New Babylon
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2407:The Golden Age
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3154:Ian MacDonald
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3136:Concerto DSCH
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2269:The Year 1917
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1067:According to
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1008:double basses
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599:(8–9 minutes)
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163: –
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157:Find sources:
151:
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135:This article
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3107:Shostakovich
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2998:Viola Sonata
2947:(unrealized)
2794:
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2738:
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2724:
2710:(unfinished)
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2574:Girl Friends
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2115:
2112:(unfinished)
2109:The Gamblers
2107:
2104:(unfinished)
2099:
2096:(unfinished)
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2088:(unfinished)
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2080:(unfinished)
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2069:
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1665:Maes, 366-7.
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1610:Wilson, 400.
1594:Wilson, 272.
1590:
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1576:Wilson, 402.
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1520:Wilson, 401.
1477:
1470:. Retrieved
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636:In the Store
635:
613:Robert Burns
608:
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478:
332:B-flat minor
279:
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175:
168:
156:
144:Please help
139:verification
136:
106:
97:
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
3109:(1969–1981)
3025:24 Preludes
3011:Piano music
2934:No. 15 in E
2923:No. 14 in F
2912:No. 13 in B
2901:No. 12 in D
2885:No. 10 in A
2718:Vocal music
2553:Counterplan
2496:Intervision
2472:Suite from
2464:Suite from
2421:Suite from
2413:Suite from
2405:Suite from
2399:Tahiti Trot
2275:No. 13 in B
1075:Composition
1032:Yevtushenko
994:2nd violins
797:cor anglais
517: [
462: [
451: [
242:may not be
3259:Categories
3142:DSCH motif
3060:(daughter)
2874:No. 9 in E
2858:No. 7 in F
2842:No. 5 in B
2672:The Gadfly
2524:Film music
2474:The Gadfly
2367:No. 1 in E
2345:No. 2 in C
2239:No. 9 in E
2181:No. 3 in E
2175:To October
2159:Symphonies
1795:Maes, 370.
1786:Maes, 369.
1744:Maes, 368.
1624:Maes, 367.
1502:Maes, 366.
1472:August 29,
1446:References
1094:Babi Yar's
1027:Background
915:snare drum
910:tambourine
905:woodblocks
876:Percussion
711:Allegretto
611:, Op. 62 (
597:Allegretto
578:Anne Frank
441:Performers
410:1962-12-18
172:newspapers
84:improve it
39:improve it
3183:Testimony
2700:King Lear
2305:Concertos
2216:Leningrad
1932:, trans.
1735:Fay, 236.
1411:intervals
1163:Don Carlo
1103:Leningrad
1044:'s novel
954:Keyboards
945:xylophone
920:bass drum
895:castanets
861:trombones
806:clarinets
771:Woodwinds
757:soloist,
679:episodes.
625:burlesque
621:Mahlerian
537:movements
531:Movements
431:Conductor
382:Movements
88:verifying
45:talk page
3300:Babi Yar
3223:Category
2985:♭
2937:♭
2926:♯
2915:♭
2904:♭
2888:♭
2877:♭
2861:♯
2845:♭
2815:quartets
2707:Gogoliad
2658:Belinsky
2637:Michurin
2415:The Bolt
2370:♭
2348:♯
2285:Babi Yar
2278:♭
2242:♭
2184:♭
2142:The Bolt
2059:The Nose
1417:See also
1200:Babi Yar
1169:Premiere
1161:Verdi's
1122:Babi Yar
1053:Novy Mir
1022:Overview
890:triangle
855:trumpets
828:bassoons
813:♭
740:trumpets
726:♭
691:agitprop
545:Babi Yar
523:and the
498:Babi Yar
418:Location
398:Premiere
374:Duration
366:Composed
358:Language
303:Babi Yar
244:reliable
2775:Loyalty
2630:Pirogov
2595:Friends
2489:October
2436:Scherzo
2127:Ballets
1802:Sources
990:violins
973:Strings
961:celesta
935:tam-tam
925:cymbals
883:timpani
784:piccolo
736:bassoon
408: (
390:Scoring
361:Russian
186:scholar
82:Please
3235:Portal
3051:Family
2813:String
2693:Hamlet
2438:(1922)
2333:Violin
2085:Orango
1974:
1959:
1944:
1921:
1906:
1883:
1863:
1848:
1830:
1815:
1717:, 274.
1468:. 2011
1370:under
1357:
1013:
1003:cellos
998:violas
780:flutes
707:Career
640:Adagio
593:Humour
572:, the
549:Adagio
377:1 hour
188:
181:
174:
167:
159:
3066:(son)
2955:Other
2940:minor
2929:major
2918:minor
2907:major
2891:major
2880:major
2864:minor
2848:major
2539:Alone
2373:major
2360:Cello
2351:minor
2312:Piano
2281:minor
2245:major
2187:major
1462:(PDF)
1431:Notes
981:harps
966:piano
930:bells
849:horns
841:Brass
793:oboes
731:pedal
668:Largo
664:Fears
521:]
466:]
455:]
193:JSTOR
179:books
3192:film
3187:book
2609:Zoya
1972:ISBN
1957:ISBN
1942:ISBN
1928:ed.
1919:ISBN
1904:ISBN
1881:ISBN
1861:ISBN
1846:ISBN
1828:ISBN
1813:ISBN
1474:2022
1402:and
988:1st
900:whip
867:tuba
759:bass
755:bass
561:Kiev
479:The
403:Date
369:1962
348:Text
339:Opus
165:news
1390:'s
1341:...
1305:...
1269:...
1233:...
1050:in
615:' "
343:113
328:Key
308:by
148:by
86:by
3261::
3185::
2218:)
1996:.
1936:,
1900:to
1873:,
1840:,
1779:^
1679:^
1629:^
1615:^
1599:^
1569:^
1557:^
1543:^
1507:^
1489:^
1476:.
1464:.
1436:1.
1396:,
1374:.
1142::
1109:.
979:2
865:1
859:3
853:3
847:4
826:3
804:3
791:3
778:3
709::
666::
638::
595::
547::
539:.
527:.
519:ru
485:Op
464:ru
453:ru
48:.
3237::
2516:"
2512:"
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2173:(
2068:/
2027:e
2020:t
2013:v
1978:.
1963:.
1948:.
1925:.
1910:.
1867:.
1852:.
1834:.
1819:.
834:)
821:)
810:E
799:)
786:)
723:B
457:(
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385:5
286:)
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209:(
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107:(
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55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
