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verbatim and in part ambiguously expressed, even though these had been condemned by the holy Roman See...If only the errors in which it abounded had come to an end when the synod was condemned! But such wicked teachings did not cease to creep secretly throughout the East, waiting for the right moment to emerge into common view. Despite an unsuccessful attempt about twenty years ago, the new
Armenian schismatics have now daringly brought this about.
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However soon afterwards, in the year 1806, the so-called
Antioch Synod met at the monastery of Carcapha in the diocese of Beirut. The Pistoian Synod, which had already been condemned, quietly and deceitfully influenced the synod in many matters. This synod reproduced several statements, in part
202:. It was attended by bishops Basil of Tyre, Athanasius Matar of Sidon (the brother of the patriarch), Makarios of Acre, Agapios Kanyar of Diyarbakir (Amid), Basil Jabali of Ferzol (Beqaa Valley), Joseph of Homs, and Benediktos of Baalbek. Two priests, George Nassar of Egypt and
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Bien qu'il ait été inspiré par les idées gallicane et le synode de
Pistoie à traverse l'influence d'Adam, il est l'expression officielle, cette fois, de toute la hiérarchie melkite, soucieuse de sauvegarder l'autonomie de l'Orient au sein de l'Église
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Roman interventions between 1812 and 1835 led to the condemnation of the works of
Germanos Adam, the recanting of the propositions of the synod by most of the synod fathers, and the final condemnation of the synod by Pope Gregory XVI.
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were present, and the acts were signed by
Macarios Tawil and Ignatius Arkache, superior generals of local religious orders. The acts of the synod were formally approved by Joseph Tyan and the Roman apostolic visitor Luigi Gandolfi.
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The Acts of the Synod of
Qarqafe are divided into three sections and issued over one hundred canons dealing with the topics of ecclesial discipline, sacraments, and the ecclesial hierarchy.
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Serge Descy argues that despite the influence of the Synod of
Pistoia, the Synod of Qarqafe is essentially a retrieval of traditional Eastern Christian ecclesiology.
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ideas. As archbishop, Adam began issuing pamphlets affirming
Gallican propositions on the authority of the Pope and
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The Synod of
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History of the
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held in 1806. The synod adapted and ratified propositions of the 1786
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Introduction à l'histoire et l'ecclésiologie de l'Eglise melkite
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Introduction à l'histoire et l'ecclésiologie de l'Eglise melkite
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270:. Fairfax: Eastern Christian Publications. p. 110–120.
357:. Aleppo: Greek-Catholic Diocese of Aleppo. p. i–xii.
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Tomus Quadragesimus Sextus Synodi Melchitarum, 1712-1902
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Arabic manuscript of the Acts of the Synod of Qarqafe
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354:Acts of the Synod of Qarqafe
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157:in Rome and a friend of
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63:Attendance
167:Jansenist
53:President
388:(1873).
179:Maronite
163:Gallican
110:and the
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223:Legacy
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