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163:. It is advised to cultivate the cells in flasks that are coated for cell culture adhesion, this will aid in the differentiation and dendrification of the neuroblastoma. In general the cells are quite robust and will grow in most widely used tissue culture media. However, it has been recently established that DMEM is superior to DMEM:F12 for propagation of SH-SY5Y.
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cells, although the mechanisms underlying this process are not understood. However, the cell line is appreciated to be N-type (neuronal), given its morphology and the ability to differentiate the cells into along the neuronal lineage (in contrast to the S-type SH-EP subcloned cell line, also derived from SK-N-SH). Cells with short spiny
178:
SH-SY5Y has a dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity and can convert dopamine to norepinephrine. It will also form tumors in nude mice in around 3–4 weeks. The loss of neuronal characteristics has been described with increasing passage numbers. Therefore, it is recommended not to be used after passage 20 or
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The doubling time of SH-SY5Y cells during the exponential phase is 67.3 h ± 5.8 h. The average generation time (G) was 4.23 ± 0.84 d, the division rate per cell unit (r) was 0.25 ± 0.05, and the multiplication factor (V) was 3.49 ± 1.21. SH-SY5Y cells show growth-related parameters that were typical
118:
and differentiate. Morphological differences between undifferentiated and differentiated states are distinct. Undifferentiated cells exhibit a densely grown and proliferative morphology with high nuclear density due to compact growth, while differentiated cells display a characteristically dispersed
68:
The cells typically grow in tissue culture in two distinct ways. Some grow into clumps of cells which float in the media, while others form clumps which stick to the dish. SH-SY5Y cells can spontaneously interconvert between two phenotypes in vitro, the neuroblast-like cells and the
Epithelial like
754:
Hillion, Joëlle; Canals, Meritxell; Torvinen, Maria; Casadó, Vicent; Scott, Rizaldy; Terasmaa, Anton; Hansson, Anita; Watson, Stanley; Olah, Mark E.; Mallol, Josefa; Canela, Enric I.; Zoli, Michele; Agnati, Luigi F.; Ibáñez, Carlos F.; Lluis, Carme; Franco, Rafael; Ferré, Sergi; Fuxe, Kjell (17 May
427:
Kunzler A, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Gasparotto J, Girardi CS, Klafke K, Petiz LL, Bortolin RC, Rostirolla DC, Zanotto-Filho A, de
Bittencourt Pasquali MA, Dickson P, Dunkley P, Moreira JC, Gelain DP (2017). "Changes in Cell Cycle and Up-Regulation of Neuronal Markers During SH-SY5Y Neurodifferentiation by
89:
can look so different from the differentiated cells following the K'annul-index tumor cellularity (TNF, for Tumor
Necrosis Factor), that new scientists often mistake one or the other for contamination. The dividing cells can form clusters of cells which are reminders of their cancerous nature.
59:
and first reported in 1973. A neuroblast-like subclone of SK-N-SH, named SH-SY, was subcloned as SH-SY5, which was subcloned a third time to produce the SH-SY5Y line, first described in 1978. The cloning process involved the selection of individual cells or clusters expressing neuron-like
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Canals, Meritxell; Angulo, Ester; Casado, Vicent; Canela, Enric I.; Mallol, Josefa; Vinals, Francesc; Staines, William; Tinner, Barbro; Agnati, Luigi; Fuxe, Kjell; Ferre, Sergi; Lluis, Carmen; Franco, Rafael; Franco, R (January 2005).
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Feles, Sebastian; Overath, Christian; Reichardt, Sina; Diegeler, Sebastian; Schmitz, Claudia; Kronenberg, Jessica; Baumstark-Khan, Christa; Hemmersbach, Ruth; Hellweg, Christine E.; Liemersdorf, Christian (12 July 2022).
471:
Feles, Sebastian; Overath, Christian; Reichardt, Sina; Diegeler, Sebastian; Schmitz, Claudia; Kronenberg, Jessica; Baumstark-Khan, Christa; Hemmersbach, Ruth; Hellweg, Christine E.; Liemersdorf, Christian (12 July 2022).
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Feles, Sebastian; Overath, Christian; Reichardt, Sina; Diegeler, Sebastian; Schmitz, Claudia; Kronenberg, Jessica; Baumstark-Khan, Christa; Hemmersbach, Ruth; Hellweg, Christine E.; Liemersdorf, Christian (August 2022).
73:-like processes migrate out from these adherent clumps. SH-SY5Y cells possess an abnormal chromosome 1, where there is an additional copy of a 1q segment and is referred to trisomy 1q. SH-SY5Y cells are known to be
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morphology with well-developed neurites and smaller cell bodies. Moreover, induction by retinoic acid results in inhibition of cell growth and enhanced production of noradrenaline from SH-SY5Y cells
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SH-SY5Y cells can form mounds of undifferentiated cells, which then spread differentiated cells into the surrounding area. This growth formation can be referred to as the "over-easy formation"
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Sakagami, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Ryuichiro; Shirataki, Yoshiaki; Iwama, Soichi; Nakagawa, Mika; Suzuki, Hayato; Tanaka, Kenta; Tamura, Nobuaki; Takeshima, Hiroshi (3 November 2017).
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used in scientific research. The original cell line, called SK-N-SH, from which it was subcloned was isolated from a bone marrow biopsy taken from a four-year-old female with
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active, acetylcholinergic, glutamatergic and adenosinergic. The cells have very different growth phases, outlined in the surrounding pictures. The cells both propagate via
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713:"Molecular mechanisms involved in the adenosine A1 and A2A receptor-induced neuronal differentiation in neuroblastoma cells and striatal primary cultures"
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or even superior to many described immortalized tumor-derived cell lines. The proliferation capacity is stable over time and also beyond passage 10.
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Girardi CS, Rostirolla DC, Lini FJ, Brum PO, Delgado J, Ribeiro CT, Teixeira AA, Peixoto DO, Heimfarth L, Kunzler A, Moreira JC, Gelain DP (2019).
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La
Quaglia Michael P.; Manchester Karen M. (1996). "A comparative analysis of neuroblastic and substrate-adherent human neuroblastoma cell lines".
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characteristics. The SH-SY5Y line is genetically female with two X and no Y chromosome, as expected given the origin from a four-year-old female.
653:
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Kulatunga, D. Chanuka M.; Ranaraja, Umanthi; Kim, Eun Young; Kim, Ryoung Eun; Kim, Dong Ern; Ji, Kuk Bin; Kim, Min Kyu (27 May 2024).
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347:"A novel APP splice variant-dependent marker system to precisely demarcate maturity in SH-SY5Y cell-derived neurons"
388:"Nuclear RXRα and RXRβ receptors exert distinct and opposite effects on RA-mediated neuroblastoma differentiation"
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802:"Parkinsonism-Preventing Activity of 1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives in C57BL Mouse in Vivo"
757:"Coaggregation, Cointernalization, and Codesensitization of Adenosine A 2A Receptors and Dopamine D 2 Receptors"
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575:"Streamlining Culture Conditions for the Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y: A Prerequisite for Functional Studies"
474:"Streamlining Culture Conditions for the Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y: A Prerequisite for Functional Studies"
261:"Streamlining Culture Conditions for the Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y: A Prerequisite for Functional Studies"
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525:"Re-evaluation of Culture Condition of PC12 and SH-SY5Y Cells Based on Growth Rate and Amino Acid Consumption"
198:"Morphology and growth, tumorigenicity, and cytogenetics of human neuroblastoma cells in continuous culture"
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in phenotype but also express dopaminergic markers and, as such, have been used to study
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ATCC- American Type
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verify specific characteristics such as noradrenaline uptake or neuronal tumor markers.
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Morphology and cell distribution pattern of terminnally differentiated SH-SY5Y cells
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Retinoic Acid are
Mediated by Reactive Species Production and Oxidative Stress".
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Biedler JL, Roffler-Tarlov S, Schachner M, Freedman LS (November 1978).
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The SH-SY5Y cells are dense and considered to be confluent at this stage
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159:. The cells are always grown at 37 degrees Celsius with 95% air and 5%
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Biochimica et
Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research
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Okuda, Katsuhiro; Kotake, Yaichiro; Ohta, Shigeru (2006).
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The most common growing cocktail used is a 1:1 mixture of
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models of neuronal function and differentiation. They are
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to the surrounding area. While dividing, the aggregated
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biopsy-derived line called SK-N-SH by the laboratory of
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ATTC product data for SH-SY5Y cells, catalog CRL-2266
196:Biedler JL, Helson L, Spengler BA (November 1973).
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43:, and other characteristics of brain cells.
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806:Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
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147:. The DMEM usually contains 3.7 g/L
645:it lacks sufficient corresponding
27:. SH-SY5Y cells are often used as
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730:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02856.x
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114:, or TPA can force the cells to
761:Journal of Biological Chemistry
81:and differentiate by extending
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690:Cellosaurus entry for SH-SY5Y
324:10.1016/S0022-3468(96)90025-1
405:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.11.014
312:Journal of Pediatric Surgery
143:medium and 10% supplemental
106:Certain treatments such as
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363:10.1038/s41598-024-63005-y
51:SH-SY5Y was cloned from a
717:Journal of Neurochemistry
442:10.1007/s12035-016-0189-4
151:, 2 mM L-Glutamine, 1 mM
75:dopamine beta hydroxylase
155:and 0.1 mM nonessential
660:more precise citations.
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