342:
26:
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428:, Los Angeles. The ship was the first large oceangoing ship named after an African American and first of seventeen Liberty ships to be so named. Mary McLeod Bethune gave the address at the launching ceremony and Marian Anderson christened the ship. As part of the Maritime Commission plan the ship was to be delivered after sea trials and acceptance to the command of the only African American in the nation to hold a master's certificate, Captain
454:. The standard Liberty cargo type dimensions of 441 ft 6 in (134.57 m) length overall, 417 ft 9 in (127.33 m) length between perpendiculars, 427 ft (130 m) waterline length, 56 ft 10 in (17.32 m) beam, with a draft of 27 ft 9 in (8.46 m) applied. Though the nominal speed of the Liberty type was 11
492:, possibly in preparation for layup in the Hudson River Reserve Fleet on 22 December 1947. On 19 July 1951 the ship was again operated under a then Maritime Administration agreement until entering the Olympia Reserve Fleet 26 September 1952. From then until sold in 1969 the ship was part of the Grain Program in which surplus grain was stored in
471:
was high. The crew and officers donated to buy a gold watch for
Captain Mulzac. Captain Mulzac apparently thought those initiating the experiment of an integrated crew under an African American captain and other officers expected it would fail. Instead it was successful over twelve voyages in the North Atlantic, Caribbean and to North Africa.
364:
just after it completed its maiden voyage to
England. (L-R) C. Lastic, Second Mate; T. J. Young, Midshipman; E. B. Hlubik, Midshipman; C. Blackman, Radio Operator; T. A. Smith, Chief Engineer; Hugh Mulzac, Captain of the ship; Adolphus Fokes, Chief Mate; Lt. H. Kruley; E. P. Rutland, Second Engineer;
470:
The captain, second officer, third officer, and the Chief
Engineer were African American. Other officers were white. The crew was composed of African Americans, whites, and other races. On completion of the ship's maiden voyage morale was high, each man gave a pint of blood and purchase of war bonds
404:
master's license and only
African American to have such license was selected to command a ship after acceptance trials. In 1942, the ship had an integrated crew of 18 nationalities. Between 1942 and 1947, it had made 22 round trip voyages ferrying troops and supplies to Europe and the
487:
made its first trans-Atlantic crossing. On 23 March 1947 the arrangement was converted from the wartime operation agreement to a bareboat charter to
Luckenbach until 19 November when the ship was put under agreement with
832:. Ernest Enloe Cotton, former Tuskegee student now employed by the California Shipbuilding Corporation, is shown with a lead man examining the weld-head put on a section of the double bottom of a liberty ship.
462:(23.2 km/h; 14.4 mph). Cargo capacity, given in two measures of dry cargo volume as, was 499,573 cubic feet (14,146.3 m) bale and 562,608 cubic feet (15,931.3 m) grain.
1148:
1072:
504:
The ship was sold for $ 40,404.04 on 21 May 1969 to Zidell
Explorations, Inc. and removed from the Reserve Fleet, Olympia, Washington on 24 June 1969 for scrapping.
1044:
1026:
570:
944:
892:
949:
446:, official number 342392, was a standard Liberty of the cargo configuration, designated type EC2-S-C1. Specifications were for a five hold ship of 7,176
1039:
1062:
440:
as the WSA agent. Captain Mulzac remained in command for the next four years commanding an integrated crew composed of seventeen nationalities.
1034:
341:
580:
850:
liberty ship, Sept. 29, 1942, California
Shipbuilding Corporation's yards, Wilmington, California (Photo, University of Southern California)
1179:
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98:
885:
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777:
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and the first major oceangoing ship and first of 17 Liberty ships that were named after
African-Americans. The ship was named for
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267:
228:
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458:(20 km/h; 13 mph) the Maritime Administration vessel status card has 11 stricken with an annotation of 12.5
433:
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25:
1135:
665:"Rosie the Riveter National Historical Park, Kaiser Shipyard No. 3 (Historic American Engineering Record CA-326=M)"
927:
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and H. E. Larson, Third
Engineer." Captain Hugh Mulzac is fourth from the left on the first row. 8 February 1943.
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841:. Jesse Kermit Lucas, skilled Negro worker, regulates electric current from generator as lead man looks on.
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537:
The
Maritime Commission standard GRT. The MARAD status card at time of disposal shows 7,258
451:
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386:, notable educator, author, orator, and advisor to presidents of the United States. At launch
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420:, MC hull number 648, was laid down on 19 August 1942 and launched on 29 September by
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776:. U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (USACERL). p. 210.
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Biddle, Francis (Attorney General of the United States) (12 February 1943).
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which could reflect either modifications or different calculation method.
329:
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771:"A Historic Context for the African American Military Experience"
479:
From delivery to WSA on 17 October 1942 the ship was operated by
874:
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ships with ships being activated only to load or unload grain.
348:, the great American opera contralto, prepares to christen the
619:. U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration
805:. United States Maritime Administration. 20 November 2018
1149:
African American founding fathers of the United States
483:
for WSA supporting wartime logistics. In early 1943
1116:
1081:
1025:
958:
908:
519:Combat Ships - Hidden Figures (Season 4 Episode 3)
769:Smith, Steven D.; Zeidler, James A. (July 1998).
332:for use against surfaced submarines, variety of
297:20,000 nmi (37,000 km; 23,000 mi)
1045:Booker T. Washington State Park (West Virginia)
571:List of things named after Booker T. Washington
16:United States Maritime Commission Liberty ship
950:Tuskegee Institute Silver Anniversary Lecture
886:
8:
436:(WSA) for operation on 17 October 1942 with
360:Captain and crew of the new Liberty Ship SS
1040:Booker T. Washington State Park (Tennessee)
893:
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1063:Booker T. Washington Memorial half dollar
639:"Kaiser California Shipbuilding CalShip"
617:Ship History Database Vessel Status Card
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1035:Booker T. Washington National Monument
227:417 ft 9 in (127.33 m)
221:441 ft 6 in (134.57 m)
20:
581:Maritime history of the United States
47:
7:
670:. National Park Service. p. 169
400:, the first African-American earn a
390:gave the address and notable singer
246:56 ft 10 in (17.32 m)
145:29 September 1942 by Marian Anderson
422:California Shipbuilding Corporation
99:California Shipbuilding Corporation
254:27 ft 9 in (8.46 m)
14:
837:Construction of the liberty ship
828:Construction of the liberty ship
783:from the original on 26 June 2019
376:United States Maritime Commission
305:10,856 t (10,685 long tons)
82:United States Maritime Commission
967:The Future of the American Negro
555:
490:A. L. Burbank & Company, Ltd
432:. The ship was delivered to the
211:14,245 long tons (14,474 t)
49:
24:
750:(Speech). Department of Justice
517:he commanded were featured on
940:National Negro Business League
928:1895 Atlanta Exposition Speech
494:National Defense Reserve Fleet
1:
1068:Carver-Washington half dollar
402:United States Merchant Marine
272:2,500 hp (1,900 kW)
268:Triple-expansion steam engine
861:at the U.S. National Archive
481:Luckenbach Steamship Company
438:Luckenbach Steamship Company
434:War Shipping Administration
289:(20 km/h; 13 mph)
90:War Shipping Administration
1201:
1180:Ships built in Los Angeles
1136:Margaret Murray Washington
1007:Tuskegee & Its People
865:African American Mariners
803:"A Landmark Liberty Ship"
611:Maritime Administration.
233:427 ft (130 m)
176:
42:
23:
921:George Washington Carver
1124:Fannie Smith Washington
945:1901 White House dinner
643:shipbuildinghistory.com
327:4 in (100 mm)
177:General characteristics
1015:The Negro in the South
999:Working with the Hands
711:Davies, James (2012).
613:"Booker T. Washington"
366:
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713:"Liberty Cargo Ships"
576:List of Liberty ships
513:The captain and the
394:christened the ship.
359:
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264:Two oil-fired boilers
1185:Booker T. Washington
1057:Booker T. Washington
902:Booker T. Washington
848:Booker T. Washington
839:Booker T. Washington
830:Booker T. Washington
485:Booker T. Washington
444:Booker T. Washington
418:Booker T. Washington
384:Booker T. Washington
371:Booker T. Washington
362:Booker T. Washington
350:Booker T. Washington
73:Booker T. Washington
32:Booker T. Washington
857:Booker T Washington
744:Lincoln Day Address
388:Mary McLeod Bethune
63:Booker T Washington
1130:Olivia A. Davidson
1106:Theodore Roosevelt
983:Character Building
933:Atlanta Compromise
916:Tuskegee Institute
508:In popular culture
367:
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334:anti-aircraft guns
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1109:(2022 miniseries)
991:The Negro Problem
692:. Global Security
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137:29 September 1942
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1090:A Guest of Honor
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846:Christening of
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426:Terminal Island
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407:Pacific theatre
392:Marian Anderson
346:Marian Anderson
162:Official number
153:17 October 1942
103:Terminal Island
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994:(editor, 1903)
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185:Type EC2-S-C1
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182:Class and type
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172:Scrapped, 1969
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158:Identification
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1175:Liberty ships
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1126:(first wife)
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1093:(1903 opera)
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1073:High Schools
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724:. Retrieved
722:. p. 23
720:ww2ships.com
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694:. Retrieved
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672:. Retrieved
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621:. Retrieved
616:
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518:
515:Liberty ship
503:
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443:
442:
417:
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413:Construction
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380:Liberty ship
370:
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275:Single screw
208:Displacement
187:Liberty ship
62:
31:
18:
1101:(1984 film)
867:at USMM.org
430:Hugh Mulzac
398:Hugh Mulzac
196:7,176
110:Yard number
1170:1944 ships
1164:Categories
1082:Portrayals
587:References
475:Operations
307:deadweight
259:Propulsion
142:Christened
118:Way number
525:Footnotes
150:Completed
126:Laid down
778:Archived
549:See also
500:Disposal
330:deck gun
322:Armament
302:Capacity
164:: 342392
134:Launched
87:Operator
69:Namesake
1117:Related
809:25 June
787:25 June
754:25 June
696:25 June
674:25 June
649:25 June
623:25 June
193:Tonnage
95:Builder
43:History
1098:Booker
1027:Honors
1018:(1907)
1010:(1905)
1002:(1904)
986:(1902)
978:(1901)
970:(1899)
859:Images
645:. 2011
374:was a
216:Length
959:Books
781:(PDF)
774:(PDF)
748:(PDF)
726:6 May
716:(PDF)
668:(PDF)
460:knots
456:knots
378:(MC)
309:(DWT)
294:Range
287:knots
282:Speed
251:Draft
79:Owner
909:Life
811:2019
789:2019
756:2019
728:2012
698:2019
676:2019
651:2019
625:2019
466:Crew
314:Crew
243:Beam
169:Fate
59:Name
1055:SS
855:SS
539:GRT
452:DWT
448:GRT
285:11
235:w/l
229:lbp
223:o/a
202:DWT
198:GRT
34:by
30:SS
1166::
718:.
641:.
615:.
595:^
424:,
409:.
317:81
121:14
113:73
101:,
894:e
887:t
880:v
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791:.
758:.
730:.
700:.
678:.
653:.
627:.
352:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
