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1292:, while others hurriedly prepared themselves to abandon ship. Smith reported observing a small family holding hands in their cabin, rather than attempting to save themselves. As the ship was sinking, Liedelt noted that Captain Doran had tied the whistle cord down on the bridge and remained there as the ship sank, waving his hands in a final salute. After the bridge went underwater, the whistle died as well.
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1514:. Hawse was reported to have shown aggressive and indifferent behavior towards injured survivors. He reportedly threatened to throw numerous survivors in his lifeboat overboard. Hawse later stated to the press, that he felt most of the men in the disaster refused to help many of the distressed women. He stated, "I would have shot them if I had a
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1312:, Chief Engineer Jackson believed otherwise. He later stated, "I am quite positive that the boilers did not explode. I would have known if one did, as I stood directly above them when the ship pitched head foremost into the sea." Another theory is that a massive release of trapped air from the sinking
1149:
shade illuminated by an electric light bulb. The remainder of the saloon's light bulbs were encased in frosted glass lamp fixtures. The main dining room boasted French walnut, Hungarian ash, mahogany and maple wooden paneling. Wooden furniture and carpeting further complimented the room's elegance.
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with a 42.5 in (1,080 mm) and 82 in (2,100 mm) by 54 in (1,400 mm) stroke driving a single Hirsch four-bladed propeller with a diameter of 16 feet (4.9 m). The propeller had a mean pitch of 27 feet (8.2 m) and could do 65 revolutions per minute. The blades of
1193:
along with lead wires that produced the multiple circuits. Each dynamo was capable of powering 60 light bulbs. Due to the lack of instrumentation, adjusting the voltage was judged by the brightness of light bulbs in the engine room. The wiring insulation was molten paraffin and cotton mix inside a
1150:
Telephones were provided in key rooms to allow easier communication between the ship's crew. The bridge was fitted with electrical indicators and monitoring equipment which would have alerted the captain the status of the engine as well as simplifying commands between the captain and engine room.
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were her Edison incandescent light bulbs. If a passenger wanted his or her light turned off, a steward had to be summoned, who would unlock a rosewood box outside the cabin and turn the light off. All the lights were placed in the main salons and staterooms only. The passenger accommodations and
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the propeller were able to be removed individually or all at once. Powering the engine were six boilers with a diameter of 12 feet (3.7 m) and a length of 12 feet 6 inches (3.81 m) each. Each boiler had a working pressure of 80 pounds per square inch (550 kPa).
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including a boiler and bulkhead are still visible near the northern section of the Lost Coast Hiking Trail. Between 1899 and 1907, at least eight other ships had met their end in the area, including the St. Paul, whose rusted boilers can still be seen in the surf at Punta Gorda.
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was found to have given insufficient orders to his crew. He also did not come to the schooner's bridge when warned of the fog. Hanson's license was revoked for one year. Despite the errors made by both crews, the survivors and press gave praise to most of the crew members aboard
1873:
Development of
Transportation Systems in the United States: Comprising a Comprehensive Description of the Leading Features of Advancement, from the Colonial Era to the Present Time, in Water Channels, Roads, Turnpikes, Canals, Railways, Vessels, Vehicles, Cars and
1760:
775:
broke the speed record between San
Francisco and Portland. Under the leadership of Captain Conway, she left her San Francisco dock at 10:09 am on January 28 and began travelling on a relatively calm ocean at a fast pace. On January 30 at 1:25 am, the
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began her final plunge. The stern of the ship rose out of the water and the ship slipped below the waves bow first in a matter of seconds. Once the ship was completely underwater, a large explosion occurred, sending many people dragged under by the
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Captain Doran ordered the passengers to go to the lifeboats and the lifeboats be lowered. Smith, concerned for the safety of his fellow passengers, began going from cabin to cabin and knocking on each door. Many passengers did not respond due to
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for 250 individuals and could accommodate 600 steerage passengers. The first-class staterooms had paneling and furniture commonly seen on first-class
Pullman rail cars on passenger trains, including folding berths in place of conventional beds.
1067:, designed by shipwright Edward Faron, was about 300 feet (91 m) long with about 310 feet (94 m) visible above the waterline. She had a beam of 38 feet 6 inches (11.73 m) and a depth of 23 feet (7.0 m). She had two
1534:, Doctor S.B. Foster reported Hawse had requested the drug on three separate occasions. Hawse was arrested on July 29, 1907, while taking up residence in Second Officer Agerup's home in San Francisco. Hawse was reported to have shown signs of
2676:
Records and briefs brought under the Act to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies, of 1890 in the
District Court of the United States for the District of Utah and the Supreme Court of the United States, Volume
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1522:
for denying many survivors from boarding his vessel, which Hawse claimed led to the loss of many lives. Many survivors denied the truthfulness of Hawse's statement, regarding Hanson. Rumors began to spread about Hawse possibly having a
1185:. All 120 light bulbs were connected via separate circuits to four 6-kilowatt Edison A Type "long legged Mary-Ann" dynamos, producing power via a belt drive connection to the main engines. The fourth dynamo was used to boost the
615:, where Edison's personnel installed the new lighting systems. The light bulbs were carried aboard in a shopping basket by Francis R. Upton, a chief assistant of Edison. The first lighting of the ship took place on May 2, 1880.
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compartments be punctured by a collision, the water would cascade over the ship's bulkheads, allowing the ship to sink. A similar flooding action would occur nearly five years later, during the sinking of the
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After arriving in San
Francisco without incident, the original carbon paper filament bulbs were replaced by a shipment of newer bamboo filament bulbs, sent by Edison himself. The chief engineers of
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and an auxiliary steam engine which powered the bilge and could supply water to the boilers should the fires break out of control. A second auxiliary steam engine powered the ship's electricity.
591:
originally by the Oregon
Steamship Company. That same year, the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company had bought and merged the Oregon Steamship Company into its own operations. Construction of
2233:
1076:
was a coal-powered steamship, able to carry a maximum of 300 tons of coal within her bunkers. She had an estimated top speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph). She also carried a single
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in case of fire. Electric head and side lights were used for navigation. These navigational lights were powered by an auxiliary dynamo between decks. The navigational electric system was of
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sent a letter of satisfaction to Edison complimenting the superior performance of the light system, stating that none of the lights gave out after 415 hours and 45 minutes of constant use.
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1460:, an iron hull vessel, bore the brunt of the impact, and her iron plates – brittle with age – cracked and the gash, seven feet across the forward hatch, allowed the water free ingress.
130:
1296:
at this point had developed a very noticeable list to starboard, allowing
Lifeboat Number Four to be launched without being lowered. Eight and a half minutes after the collision, the
977:
side and hit the dock. The ship's large iron hull was damaged filling it partially full of water. It took two months to make the temporary repairs to the vessel. Unfortunately, the
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in her stern for holding food items such as fresh meat. The large refrigerator was capable of keeping a constant cold temperature regardless of the outside temperature.
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were found to have the most responsibility for the collision. This led to
Hendrickson's license being revoked for five years. In addition, Captain Magnus Hanson of the
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rubber tube casing. The wires were also painted two separate colors to differentiate the negative and positive charges. Overall, the electrical systems aboard the
1648:
was repaired following the sinking and continued serving along the
California coastline until being sold to foreign owners in 1920. She sank that same year. The
870:
bow. Both ships were taken out of service to be repaired following this incident. Another screw steamer owned by the Oregon
Railroad and Navigation Company, the
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1990:
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departed San Francisco, California, with 251 passengers and crew for Portland, Oregon, under the leadership of Captain Peter Doran. When it became evening,
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1252:. Doran shouted at the other ship, "What are you doing man?" and continued his ordered reverse thrust, but the impact damaged the bow of the wooden-hulled
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became enthusiastic of Edison's work. Villard subsequently ordered an Edison Lighting System to be installed on his company's new passenger steamer,
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During a major overhaul in July 1895, the original Edison generators were removed in favor of modern counterparts. The dynamos were donated to the
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reduced the speed of either vessel. During this time, the rolling motion of the waves had caused many passengers to retire to their cabins due to
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1126:'s design, where the main electrical systems were Edison's. The bridge and engine room were able to communicate by telegraph. The cargo holds of
884:
ran aground near Astoria due to low tide. She was subsequently refloated at high tide and returned to Portland the following night. In 1904, the
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and Hurricane deck. The Spar deck was completely of iron construction and the Main had a mix of wood and iron. All the decks had iron framing.
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88:
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safely arrived in Portland on August 24, 1880. Despite this, insurance companies were reluctant at first to underwrite the brand new vessel.
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held little difference from its Menlo Park counterparts. Oil lamps were readily available throughout the vessel in case of a power outage.
931:
was not damaged in the incident. The fog however worsened enough to cause Captain Peter A. Doran to anchor the ship until the fog lifted.
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reflecting the public outrage towards alleged maritime safety violations. The general public believed this to have caused the sinking of
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would lead to disaster rather than one compartment being flooded. Despite Bulger's reports, it is likely the bulkheads installed aboard
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and American Shipmasters' Association oversaw her construction. Roach himself refused to install the incandescent light bulbs on board
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were of a similar design, were built in the same shipyard, served similar routes, and were both outdated iron-hulled steamers. The
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route is remarkable, as only once in fifteen years has she been longer than one night at sea on the down trip between two cities.
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described the impact as being "soft", while music teacher Otilla Liedelt of San Francisco reported the impact as being severe.
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old running mates. Although badly damaged and partially sunk with a noticeable list, the 390,000 ft (118,872 m) of
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transferred to a new Union Pacific subsidiary called the San Francisco and Portland Steamship Company. By this time, the
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where law requires three watertight bulkheads in a ship of her size. Despite this, Bulger also testified should one of
1383:. Many were forced to hold on to one another so as not to be carried away by the lapping waves which lapped across the
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1244:. Doran finally ordered his ship to be put in full reverse, but it was too late. At 12:22 a.m. on 21 July 1907,
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Annual Report of the Board of Directors of the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company, to the Stockholders, Volume 3
1998:
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was delayed by one hour due to stopping a few times, she was able to shave one hour off the previous speed record.
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1349:. Due to the speed of the sinking, many lifeboats were unable to be launched. After the sinking, the lifeboats of
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eventually convinced other shipping companies to install similar systems in their vessels, including the British
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2095:
Annual Report of the Board of Directors of the Oregon Railway and Navigation Co. to the Stockholders Volumes 1–8
355:, powering two 42.5 in (1,080 mm) and 82 in (2,100 mm) by 54 in (1,400 mm) stroke
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2125:. Shipbuilding History: Construction records of U.S. and Canadian shipbuilders and boatbuilders. Archived from
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rig sail plan with over 15,000 yards (14,000 m) of canvas. The sails would be rigged upon two iron masts.
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powering electric lights instead of oil lamps and the first commercial use of electric light bulbs outside of
19:
This article is about the first use of electricity outside of Thomas Edison's laboratory. For other uses, see
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in the Columbia River, resulting in the ship being badly damaged. Although spared from a similar fate to the
543:. Although met with hesitation by Edison himself, the project moved forward, making the installation onboard
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had taken irreparable damage from the liner's iron hull. The drydock had been of great use to the shipyard.
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helped to extinguish public confidence in shipping lines and steamboat inspectors. Despite the severity of
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to San Francisco, California loaded with 13 locomotives, 200 railroad cars and other railroad supplies.
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The first ship to use electric light bulbs, and the first use besides Edison's lab of electric light.
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sinking, some lessons were not learned from the tragedy. On August 29, 1929, over 22 years after the
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88 passengers and crew, including all the children on board, lost their lives during the sinking of
1218:, but Captain Doran refused to slow the ship's speed. Even though the whistle of the steam schooner
650:, the propeller shaft and rudder were checked using light bulbs attached to a tallow covered cable.
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was returned to service in January 1907. Soon after returning to service on January 17, 1907, the
32:
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reached Astoria at 3:20 am and arrived in Portland at 10:27 am. It had taken barely two days for
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2595:"Berkeley and Columbia Come Together Off Ferry Slip – San Francisco Call, Volume 87, Number 125"
703:
became the first major ocean liner to be lit up by the incandescent light bulb. In service, the
2674:
2027:. San Francisco, California. California Digital Newspaper Collection. June 30, 1907. p. 49
1538:
while being escorted to the Mission Street police station. He was subsequently admitted to the
1305:
back to the surface. While many survivors believed the explosion to have been caused by one of
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were designed to greatly surpass anything seen on previous liners along the Pacific coastline.
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eight months earlier with hull inspector O.F. Bolles (coincidentally the first captain of the
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2811:"Advertisement for the Columbia and Costa Rica – San Francisco Call, Volume 100, Number 162"
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One crew member who did not receive praise by most survivors was Third Officer Hawse of the
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struck a rock in the Columbia River and sank. She was later refloated and purchased by the
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In the wake of the disaster, hull inspector John K. Bulger, who had inspected the hull of
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After the sinking, the San Francisco and Portland Steamship Company leased the vessel
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hull kept the steam schooner afloat. Close to 80 survivors were brought on board the
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764:. Three years later, the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company was taken over by the
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60:
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experimental dynamo system led to the system being retrofitted on to other vessels.
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2412:. Chester, Pennsylvania. Delaware County Daily Times. February 24, 1880. p. 3
1943:
Menlo Park reminiscences : written in Edison's restored Menlo Park laboratory
1189:
of the other three and operated at a lower voltage. All four dynamos included two
1012:(also owned by the San Francisco and Portland Navigation Company) and the steamer
672:
ran a regular service between Portland and San Francisco. When the paddle steamer
4827:
4423:
4126:
4044:
3615:
3366:
3118:
2708:"Steamer Columbia Runs Into A Barge – San Francisco Call, Volume 98, Number 57"
1847:
1839:
1616:
1589:
1432:
1334:
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1123:
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351:
Six cylindrical 12 ft (3.7 m) diameter 12.5 ft (3.8 m) long
193:
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later published a large article describing the Edison lighting system aboard
4716:
4593:
4563:
4344:
3905:
2942:"The Marine Vessel's Electrical Power System: From its Birth to Present Day"
2869:. San Francisco, California. San Francisco Call. January 19, 1907. p. 3
2843:. San Francisco, California. San Francisco Call. January 18, 1907. p. 4
2315:
A long, dangerous coastline : shipwreck tales from Alaska to California
2234:"Lighting the Steamship Columbia With Edison's First Commercial Light Plant"
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978:
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434:
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for their courageous and lifesaving actions exhibited during the disaster.
844:
was steaming slowly towards its dock in San Francisco, while the ferryboat
826:
in 1899, the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company considered placing the
1145:
also included ventilation and heating systems. The main saloon included a
992:
was sent to Hunter's Point for permanent repairs. Along the way, the crew
474:
laboratory. Due to this, a detailed article and composite illustration of
404:
was equipped with four watertight bulkheads. It also featured eight metal
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4603:
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1734:
1535:
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1001:
924:
498:
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409:
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2655:. California Digital Newspaper Collection. September 15, 1902. p. 2
2649:"Steamer Columbia Aground – Los Angeles Herald, Volume XXIX, Number 347"
2496:
4315:
2817:. California Digital Newspaper Collection. November 9, 1906. p. 14
2766:. California Digital Newspaper Collection. February 4, 1906. p. 54
1969:
The roles of the railroad in the development of the Grande Ronde Valley
1515:
1438:. Bulger later re-testified, claiming two flooded compartments onboard
1372:
1118:. She also utilized electric fire alarms and annunciators with several
1028:
became trapped in an ice pack on the Columbia River for four days near
981:
919:, she needed to be repaired in San Francisco. On February 1, 1906, the
787:, but was delayed for 12 minutes due to fog. After the fog lifted, the
573:
around 1880, under full sail in rough seas displaying all of her colors
352:
2895:. San Francisco Call. San Francisco Call. January 24, 1907. p. 11
2740:. California Digital Newspaper Collection. February 2, 1906. p. 2
2575:. California Digital Newspaper Collection. November 8, 1899. p. 9
2549:. California Digital Newspaper Collection. January 31, 1898. p. 2
2543:"Fast Trip of the Columbia – San Francisco Call, Volume 83, Number 62"
1446:
did little to delay the inrush of water. In addition, an issue of the
311:
332 ft (101 m) (309 ft (94 m) below the waterline)
5097:
Ships built by the Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works
2601:. California Digital Newspaper Collection. October 3, 1900. p. 5
2433:"The Delaware River Iron Shipbuilding & Engine Works, Chester PA"
2119:"The Delaware River Iron Shipbuilding & Engine Works, Chester PA"
1991:"The Delaware River Iron Shipbuilding & Engine Works, Chester PA"
1309:
552:
495:
463:
280:
2359:. New York: The Financier Association. August 26, 1880. p. 135.
1137:
were highly innovative and advertised as luxurious. She had a large
899:
In 1905, the new company was plagued by two unfortunate events. The
646:, who had a fascination with electricity. While passing through the
366:
Single four bladed 16 ft (4.9 m) diameter Hirsch propeller
2714:. California Digital Newspaper Collection. July 27, 1905. p. 6
2524:. Portland, Oregon: The Lewis and Dryden Printing Company. p.
2569:"May run to Cape Nome – San Francisco Call, Volume 86, Number 161"
2070:. Washington State Library (digital). May 13, 2011. Archived from
1463:
1387:
semi-submerged deck. Along with transporting the survivors of the
1333:
1318:
1270:
1090:
933:
912:
801:
735:
564:
866:, destroying one of the ferry's lifeboats and badly damaging the
3205:, item in the collection of the Henry Ford in Dearborn, Michigan
1652:
was established in response to the sinking. Rusting debris from
1415:), testified that the ship was up to modern safety standards as
1056:
returned to San Francisco, the ship appeared visibly unscathed.
4474:
3981:
3631:
3244:
2760:"Hits Raft of Piles – San Francisco Call, Volume 99, Number 66"
850:
was preparing to leave her slip. Captain Peter A. Doran of the
2734:"Columbia Is Safe – San Francisco Call, Volume 99, Number 64"
1557:
was involved in a collision with the grounded steam schooner
2377:. Delaware County Daily Times. September 12, 1879. p. 3
1769:
bow, showing the damage sustained in the collision with the
441:
and later the San Francisco and Portland Steamship Company.
795:
to travel between Portland and San Francisco. Although the
2696:. Oregon Railway and Navigation Company. 1899. p. 24.
2521:
Lewis and Dryden's Marine History of the Pacific Northwest
730:
Lewis and Dryden's Marine History of the Pacific Northwest
642:
to replenish her coal supply and was exhibited to Emperor
1628:
sank in 3 minutes, killing 77 people. The sinking of the
1341:
half sunk and listing to starboard following the disaster
1278:
sinking, following the collision with the steam schooner
3049:. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc. pp. 207–227.
3034:. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc. pp. 168–172.
1573:
received only minimal damage. The second officer of the
907:
after being abandoned by her owners. The same year, the
599:
was launched at 11:40 am on February 24, 1880. Both the
580:
herself was ordered in July 1879 as Hull No. 193 at the
2335:. Delaware County Daily Times. July 23, 1879. p. 3
1214:
became shrouded in fog about 12 miles (19 km) off
1004:
and repairs were finally done. During her absence, the
858:
mis-interpreted each other's signals, which led to the
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
1946:. Whitefish, Mass: Kessinger Publishing. p. 564.
607:
in fear of a possible fire breaking out. In May 1880,
3092:
Mendocino Coast Model Railroad and Historical Society
2921:. Sacramento Daily Union. February 2, 1880. p. 2
1260:, which started to list to starboard and sink by the
1036:
attempted to break through the pack ice and free the
2318:, Heritage House Publishing Company, 2011, 128 pages
547:
Edison's first commercial order for the light bulb.
4798:
4506:
4255:
4013:
3851:
3663:
3600:
3358:
3284:
2998:"Titanic: How can a disastrous ship be celebrated?"
1130:were equipped with double steam-powered elevators.
1106:had four decks, three of which were the Spar deck,
689:The success of the Edison lighting systems onboard
1357:launched a rescue effort assisted by the steamers
585:Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works
190:Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works
16:American cargo and passenger steamship (1880–1907)
2786:"History of Potrero Point Shipyards and Industry"
1659:https://www.lighthousefriends.com/light.asp?ID=63
927:on the Columbia River in dense fog. Luckily, the
2889:"Steamer Columbia Prisoner in Ice for Four Days"
2281:. Munn & Company. May 22, 1880. p. 326.
1971:(M.A.). Flagstaff: Northern Arizona University.
1163:also boasted fresh-water plumbing still system.
2680:. Southern Pacific Company. 1915. p. 2089.
2400:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2206:"Lighting A Revolution: 19th Century Promotion"
1454:
709:
456:for the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company.
1166:By far the most innovative feature aboard the
392:382 to 850 first class and steerage passengers
4486:
3993:
3643:
3256:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2098:. Oregon Railway and Navigation Company. 1880
707:was greatly appreciated for its reliability.
8:
3180:, Marine Publishing Company, Volume 8, 1903
2456:
2454:
527:'s New Year's Eve lighting demonstration in
134:San Francisco and Portland Steamship Company
2021:"San Francisco Call, Volume 102, Number 30"
1518:." Hawse even blamed Captain Hanson of the
4493:
4479:
4471:
4000:
3986:
3978:
3650:
3636:
3628:
3263:
3249:
3241:
2406:"The Launch And A Description Of The Ship"
2308:
2239:. General Electric Company. Archived from
1737:on the Columbia River on February 1, 1906.
1588:, combined with the earlier losses of the
1584:bridge the night she sank. The sinking of
1323:A recovered life raft and victim from the
551:would also be the first ship to utilize a
4501:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1907
4008:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1906
3658:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1900
2965:
2963:
2627:"The George W. Elder Defied the Skeptics"
2620:
2618:
2616:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2288:
1224:could be heard nearby, neither Doran nor
896:was considered to be an outdated vessel.
820:Following the sale of its steamship, the
3196:, webpage by the Smithsonian Institution
3025:
3023:
3021:
3019:
1877:. author, Railway World Office. p.
1565:and Columbia Rivers. Due to the hull of
1133:The passenger comforts and amenities of
1008:was temporarily replaced by the steamer
1935:
1862:
1719:
1662:
973:to knock off its supports, roll on her
5102:Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company
5082:History of Humboldt County, California
3278:Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company
2435:. Shipbuilding History. Archived from
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
1997:. Shipbuilding History. Archived from
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1901:
1891:
1048:to steam free of the ice via the path
478:was featured in the May 1880 issue of
433:(1880–1907) was a cargo and passenger
384:16 kn (18 mph; 30 km/h)
27:
3148:Great Shipwrecks of the Pacific Coast
3119:"Lost Coast Trail - Northern Section"
3060:Hillman, Raymond W. (July 20, 2007).
3047:Great Shipwrecks of the Pacific Coast
3032:Great Shipwrecks of the Pacific Coast
2227:
2225:
2223:
1490:and First Officer Hendrickson of the
748:logo is sported on the ship's funnel.
537:Oregon Railway and Navigation Company
439:Oregon Railway and Navigation Company
89:Oregon Railway and Navigation Company
51:
7:
5092:Passenger ships of the United States
2495:. Chris' Cunard Page. Archived from
1675:Early promotional artwork of the SS
2972:"George W. Elder and the San Pablo"
2940:Skjong, Espen (November 20, 2015).
2625:Grover, David H. (March 31, 2008).
1482:Of the individuals involved in the
816:in San Francisco on October 3, 1900
5052:Shipwrecks of the California coast
3174:Washington (state) Rural Heritage.
2064:"First 'Electric'. Ship Came Here"
1753:bow following the 1906 earthquake.
1040:on January 18. The efforts by the
1016:, which was being leased from the
880:route. On September 14, 1902, the
408:, one wooden lifeboat, one wooden
14:
3188:– The Lost Ship Who Lit The World
1069:compound condensing steam engines
490:was lost on 21 July 1907 after a
123:Oregon Railway Navigation Company
5022:
5017:
4456:
4451:
3963:
3958:
3271:
3190:, article on Shipwreck World.com
2970:Emery Escola Collection (1907).
2468:. Magellan – The Ships Navigator
2431:Colton, Tim (October 21, 2013).
1758:
1742:
1722:
1704:
1695:bow from the collision with the
1684:
1668:
1264:. Passenger William L. Smith of
854:and Captain "Jim" Blaker of the
682:carried its captain and crew to
417:
147:
129:
118:
96:
83:
53:
31:
5047:Steamships of the United States
3285:Major Steamships and Steamboats
1632:largely paralleled that of the
905:North Pacific Steamship Company
445:was constructed in 1880 by the
21:List of ships named SS Columbia
3062:"Fog-bound tragedy remembered"
2863:"Ice Still Holds The Columbia"
2279:Scientific American, Volume 42
2117:Colton, Tim (August 4, 2010).
1870:Ringwalt, John Luther (1888).
1577:, Richard Agerup, had been on
1486:sinking, Captain Doran of the
1018:Pacific Mail Steamship Company
958:was undergoing a refit at the
462:was the first ship to carry a
1:
3117:Hult, Tim (May 19–21, 2009).
2232:Ray E. Kidd (June 11, 1936).
1620:collided with the oil tanker
1240:was seen coming straight for
1095:The Edison dynamos of the SS
996:after a steam pipe exploded.
967:1906 San Francisco earthquake
950:1906 San Francisco earthquake
810:colliding with the ferryboat
697:. The next year, Cunard's SS
678:was sunk by a storm in 1889,
510:, with the loss of 88 lives.
1614:sank, the passenger steamer
1044:were successful and allowed
876:, temporarily took over the
830:and its fellow steamer, the
3200:Edison Dynamo used on S.S.
1967:Deumling, Dietrich (1972).
1468:Political cartoon from the
969:occurred. The quake caused
519:Construction and outfitting
357:compound condensing engines
5118:
5067:Maritime incidents in 1907
5062:Maritime incidents in 1906
5057:Maritime incidents in 1900
3227:39.9581750°N 124.1839611°W
3150:. New York: Wiley, 2001.
2356:The Public – Volumes 17–18
2189:– via The Athenaeum.
1540:Central Emergency Hospital
1248:hit the starboard side of
840:. On October 3, 1900, the
836:, into Alaskan service to
412:, five life rafts and 537
18:
5012:
4446:
4433:November (unknown date):
4419:Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse
4219:Prinzessin Victoria Luise
3953:
3897:Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse
3810:November (unknown date):
3172:the first "electric" ship
3045:Belyk, Robert C. (2001).
3030:Belyk, Robert C. (2001).
2208:. Smithsonian Institution
2174:Antonio Jacobsen (1880).
1561:near the junction of the
1553:. On August 8, 1907, the
1549:to fill the void left by
1403:Aftermath of the disaster
1236:. Fifteen minutes later,
1060:Design and accommodations
941:lying on her side at the
771:On January 30, 1898, the
595:began in September 1879.
294:
164:San Francisco, California
46:
30:
5087:Incandescent light bulbs
5072:Ships sunk in collisions
4826:January (unknown date):
3232:39.9581750; -124.1839611
3004:. BBC News. May 31, 2011
1691:The damage sustained on
1569:being made of wood, the
508:Shelter Cove, California
319:38.5 ft (12 m)
270:Shelter Cove, California
4967:August (unknown date):
3892:1900 Hoboken Docks fire
2837:"Columbia Stuck In Ice"
1729:An illustration of the
1715:following the accident.
1624:in dense fog at night.
1395:also towed the damaged
1116:watertight compartments
754:Smithsonian Institution
744:in the late 1890s. The
335:23 ft (7.0 m)
327:18 ft (5.5 m)
295:General characteristics
4612:March (unknown date):
4093:March (unknown date):
2629:. Bay Ledger News Zone
1940:Jehl, Francis (2002).
1826:City of Rio de Janeiro
1603:City of Rio de Janeiro
1479:
1462:
1449:San Francisco Examiner
1342:
1331:
1316:caused the explosion.
1284:
1100:
1052:had cut for her. When
1000:eventually made it to
952:
817:
766:Union Pacific Railroad
749:
746:Union Pacific Railroad
734:
574:
529:Menlo Park, New Jersey
472:Menlo Park, New Jersey
437:that was owned by the
102:Union Pacific Railroad
4373:Jurien de la Gravière
4352:June (unknown date):
3276:Steam vessels of the
3194:Lighting a Revolution
3098:on September 21, 2013
2978:. Kelley House Museum
2790:Pier 70 San Francisco
2518:Wright, E.W. (1895).
2371:"Ship Building Notes"
1467:
1375:being carried in the
1337:
1327:on board the steamer
1322:
1274:
1266:Vancouver, Washington
1094:
937:
911:collided with a wood
805:
739:
665:Subsequent operations
589:Chester, Pennsylvania
582:John Roach & Sons
568:
454:Chester, Pennsylvania
447:John Roach & Sons
4913:Prinz August Wilhelm
4229:James Gordon Bennett
3328:Queen of the Pacific
2915:"Pacific Coast News"
2462:"Columbia (steamer)"
2246:on December 23, 2015
1532:U.S. Marine Hospital
1421:watertight bulkheads
1367:, the latter one of
268:Sunk, 21 July 1907,
204:US $ 450,000 in 1880
3701:James Stevens No. 4
3321:State of California
3223: /
2530:steamship Columbia.
2499:on November 2, 2013
2149:"Brigantine (noun)"
2001:on October 23, 2014
1636:. Furthermore, the
1542:'s detention ward.
1178:Scientific American
1099:as seen in May 1880
862:colliding with the
833:State of California
648:Straits of Magellan
535:, president of the
481:Scientific American
3178:Marine Engineering
2068:Uploaded digitally
1802:Empress of Ireland
1765:A close up of the
1480:
1343:
1332:
1285:
1139:refrigeration room
1101:
1030:St. Helens, Oregon
984:being used by the
953:
818:
762:Dearborn, Michigan
750:
740:Artwork of the SS
644:Pedro II of Brazil
630:and sailed around
575:
279:Collided with the
5034:
5033:
4468:
4467:
3975:
3974:
3625:
3624:
3146:Belyk, Robert C.
2155:. Merriam Webster
1733:colliding with a
1650:Punta Gorda Light
1471:Morning Oregonian
1206:On 20 July 1907,
1084:had an auxiliary
555:. The success of
425:
424:
37:Photograph of SS
5109:
5026:
5021:
5005:
4995:
4985:
4974:
4963:
4953:
4943:
4926:
4916:
4906:
4890:
4880:
4870:
4860:
4842:
4832:
4822:
4812:
4791:
4781:
4771:
4768:Thomas W. Lawson
4761:
4751:
4741:
4731:
4721:
4705:
4695:
4685:
4675:
4659:
4649:
4638:
4628:
4618:
4608:
4598:
4588:
4578:
4568:
4558:
4548:
4538:
4528:
4495:
4488:
4481:
4472:
4460:
4455:
4439:
4429:
4412:
4396:
4386:
4376:
4366:
4348:
4338:
4328:
4325:Empress of India
4310:
4299:
4289:
4279:
4269:
4248:
4232:
4222:
4212:
4202:
4192:
4182:
4172:
4162:
4152:
4141:
4131:
4121:
4111:
4100:
4089:
4079:
4069:
4059:
4049:
4039:
4029:
4002:
3995:
3988:
3979:
3967:
3962:
3946:
3936:
3920:
3910:
3900:
3886:
3876:
3865:
3862:Prins van Oranje
3844:
3828:
3817:
3806:
3796:
3786:
3776:
3766:
3756:
3746:
3736:
3726:
3704:
3689:
3679:
3652:
3645:
3638:
3629:
3563:Willamette Chief
3359:Minor Steamboats
3275:
3265:
3258:
3251:
3242:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3094:. Archived from
3088:"The Ships: "S""
3084:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3068:. Times-Standard
3057:
3051:
3050:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3027:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3009:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2967:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2937:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2926:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2900:
2885:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2622:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2458:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2402:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2325:
2319:
2312:Dalton, Anthony
2310:
2283:
2282:
2271:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2245:
2238:
2229:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2202:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2074:on March 4, 2016
2060:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1937:
1910:
1909:
1903:
1899:
1897:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1867:
1811:(steam schooner)
1762:
1746:
1726:
1708:
1688:
1672:
1583:
1429:
1171:luxuries aboard
1154:had first-class
1032:. The steamship
960:Union Iron Works
943:Union Iron Works
923:collided with a
717:
561:
523:After attending
421:
228:24 February 1880
168:Portland, Oregon
153:Portland, Oregon
151:
144:Port of registry
133:
122:
100:
87:
63:
58:
57:
56:
35:
28:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5030:
5008:
4998:
4988:
4977:
4966:
4956:
4946:
4929:
4919:
4909:
4893:
4883:
4873:
4863:
4845:
4835:
4825:
4815:
4805:
4799:Other incidents
4794:
4784:
4774:
4764:
4754:
4744:
4734:
4724:
4708:
4698:
4688:
4678:
4662:
4652:
4641:
4631:
4621:
4611:
4601:
4591:
4581:
4571:
4561:
4551:
4541:
4531:
4515:
4502:
4499:
4469:
4464:
4442:
4432:
4415:
4399:
4389:
4379:
4369:
4351:
4341:
4331:
4313:
4302:
4292:
4282:
4272:
4262:
4256:Other incidents
4251:
4235:
4225:
4215:
4205:
4195:
4185:
4175:
4165:
4155:
4144:
4134:
4124:
4114:
4103:
4092:
4082:
4072:
4062:
4052:
4042:
4032:
4022:
4009:
4006:
3976:
3971:
3949:
3939:
3923:
3913:
3903:
3889:
3879:
3868:
3858:
3852:Other incidents
3847:
3831:
3820:
3809:
3799:
3789:
3779:
3769:
3759:
3749:
3739:
3729:
3707:
3692:
3682:
3672:
3659:
3656:
3626:
3621:
3596:
3507:Governor Grover
3354:
3314:City of Chester
3300:George W. Elder
3280:
3269:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3222:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3164:
3143:
3141:Further reading
3138:
3137:
3127:
3125:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3101:
3099:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3071:
3069:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3029:
3028:
3017:
3007:
3005:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2979:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2951:
2949:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2924:
2922:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2898:
2896:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2872:
2870:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2846:
2844:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2820:
2818:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2794:
2792:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2769:
2767:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2743:
2741:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2717:
2715:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2658:
2656:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2632:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2614:
2604:
2602:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2578:
2576:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2552:
2550:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2502:
2500:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2471:
2469:
2460:
2459:
2452:
2442:
2440:
2439:on May 10, 2012
2430:
2429:
2425:
2415:
2413:
2404:
2403:
2390:
2380:
2378:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2338:
2336:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2311:
2286:
2273:
2272:
2259:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2236:
2231:
2230:
2221:
2211:
2209:
2204:
2203:
2194:
2184:
2182:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2158:
2156:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2130:
2129:on May 10, 2012
2116:
2115:
2111:
2101:
2099:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2077:
2075:
2062:
2061:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2004:
2002:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1954:
1939:
1938:
1913:
1900:
1890:
1883:
1881:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1781:
1774:
1763:
1754:
1747:
1738:
1727:
1716:
1709:
1700:
1689:
1680:
1673:
1581:
1530:. While at the
1427:
1405:
1393:George W. Elder
1365:George W. Elder
1228:Hendricksen of
1204:
1191:bipolar magnets
1187:magnetic fields
1062:
917:George W. Elder
901:George W. Elder
890:George W. Elder
873:George W. Elder
728:~E.W. Wright –
727:
715:
667:
638:made a stop in
621:
559:
521:
516:
414:life preservers
348:Installed power
172:Astoria, Oregon
155:, United States
59:
54:
52:
42:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5115:
5113:
5105:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5039:
5038:
5032:
5031:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5006:
4996:
4986:
4975:
4964:
4954:
4944:
4927:
4917:
4907:
4891:
4881:
4871:
4861:
4843:
4833:
4823:
4813:
4802:
4800:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4792:
4782:
4772:
4762:
4752:
4748:Queen Cristina
4742:
4732:
4722:
4706:
4696:
4686:
4676:
4660:
4650:
4639:
4629:
4619:
4609:
4599:
4589:
4579:
4569:
4559:
4549:
4539:
4535:Prinz Waldemar
4529:
4519:Alice Gertrude
4512:
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4498:
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4490:
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4311:
4300:
4290:
4280:
4270:
4259:
4257:
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4250:
4249:
4236:Unknown date:
4233:
4223:
4213:
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4193:
4183:
4173:
4163:
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4142:
4132:
4122:
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3990:
3982:
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3921:
3911:
3901:
3887:
3877:
3866:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3832:Unknown date:
3829:
3818:
3807:
3797:
3787:
3777:
3767:
3757:
3747:
3737:
3733:William W. Ker
3727:
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3690:
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3647:
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3598:
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3594:
3587:
3580:
3573:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3549:Spokane (1899)
3545:
3538:
3531:
3528:Dixie Thompson
3524:
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3510:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3433:
3426:
3423:Hassalo (1899)
3419:
3416:Hassalo (1880)
3412:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3384:
3377:
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3207:
3206:
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3163:
3162:External links
3160:
3159:
3158:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3109:
3079:
3052:
3037:
3015:
2989:
2976:Photo Archives
2959:
2948:. pp. 2–3
2932:
2906:
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2828:
2802:
2777:
2751:
2725:
2699:
2683:
2666:
2640:
2612:
2586:
2560:
2534:
2510:
2487:Frame, Chris.
2479:
2450:
2423:
2388:
2362:
2346:
2320:
2284:
2275:"The Columbia"
2257:
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2192:
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2140:
2109:
2085:
2038:
2012:
1982:
1959:
1952:
1911:
1861:
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1858:
1855:
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1837:
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1711:Stern view of
1710:
1703:
1701:
1690:
1683:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1665:
1575:City of Panama
1571:City of Panama
1555:City of Panama
1547:City of Panama
1404:
1401:
1203:
1200:
1147:Bohemian glass
1061:
1058:
994:abandoned ship
948:following the
782:Columbia River
758:The Henry Ford
718:record on the
666:
663:
640:Rio de Janeiro
620:
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601:Bureau Veritas
520:
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257:Out of service
254:
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220:September 1879
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4738:Ina Mactavish
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4345:C. F. Tietgen
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4266:Cromartyshire
4261:
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4239:Ina Mactavish
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4179:Peter Iredale
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3381:Harvest Queen
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3374:R.R. Thompson
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3218:124°11′2.26″W
3215:39°57′29.43″N
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3156:0-471-38420-8
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3102:September 20,
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2016:
2013:
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1664:Image Gallery
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546:
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538:
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533:Henry Villard
530:
526:
525:Thomas Edison
518:
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241:Maiden voyage
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61:United States
50:
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34:
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22:
5001:
4991:
4981:
4971:Commonwealth
4970:
4959:
4949:
4939:
4933:
4921:
4912:
4902:
4896:
4886:
4876:
4866:
4857:Commonwealth
4856:
4849:
4838:
4828:
4818:
4807:
4787:
4777:
4767:
4758:Mount Temple
4757:
4747:
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4691:
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3773:John B. Lyon
3772:
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3409:Emma Hayward
3407:
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3333:
3326:
3319:
3312:
3305:
3298:
3292:
3291:
3208:
3201:
3185:
3169:
3147:
3126:. Retrieved
3122:
3112:
3100:. Retrieved
3096:the original
3091:
3082:
3070:. Retrieved
3065:
3055:
3046:
3040:
3031:
3006:. Retrieved
3001:
2992:
2980:. Retrieved
2975:
2952:December 22,
2950:. Retrieved
2945:
2935:
2923:. Retrieved
2918:
2909:
2897:. Retrieved
2892:
2883:
2871:. Retrieved
2866:
2857:
2845:. Retrieved
2840:
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2819:. Retrieved
2814:
2805:
2793:. Retrieved
2789:
2780:
2768:. Retrieved
2763:
2754:
2742:. Retrieved
2737:
2728:
2716:. Retrieved
2711:
2702:
2692:
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2675:
2669:
2657:. Retrieved
2652:
2643:
2631:. Retrieved
2603:. Retrieved
2598:
2589:
2577:. Retrieved
2572:
2563:
2551:. Retrieved
2546:
2537:
2529:
2520:
2513:
2501:. Retrieved
2497:the original
2492:
2482:
2470:. Retrieved
2465:
2441:. Retrieved
2437:the original
2426:
2414:. Retrieved
2409:
2379:. Retrieved
2374:
2365:
2355:
2349:
2337:. Retrieved
2332:
2329:"At Roach's"
2323:
2314:
2278:
2250:December 22,
2248:. Retrieved
2241:the original
2210:. Retrieved
2183:. Retrieved
2179:
2169:
2157:. Retrieved
2152:
2143:
2133:September 8,
2131:. Retrieved
2127:the original
2122:
2112:
2100:. Retrieved
2094:
2088:
2076:. Retrieved
2072:the original
2067:
2029:. Retrieved
2024:
2015:
2003:. Retrieved
1999:the original
1994:
1985:
1968:
1962:
1942:
1884:September 8,
1882:. Retrieved
1872:
1865:
1849:
1841:
1833:
1825:
1818:Andrea Doria
1817:
1808:
1800:
1793:
1785:
1770:
1766:
1750:
1749:Close up of
1730:
1712:
1696:
1692:
1676:
1653:
1645:
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1637:
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1293:
1286:
1279:
1275:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1229:
1219:
1216:Shelter Cove
1211:
1207:
1205:
1195:
1182:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1151:
1142:
1134:
1132:
1127:
1111:
1103:
1102:
1096:
1081:
1073:
1064:
1063:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1025:
1021:
1013:
1009:
1005:
997:
989:
985:
970:
955:
954:
938:
928:
920:
916:
908:
900:
898:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
871:
867:
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859:
855:
851:
845:
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832:
827:
822:
819:
811:
807:
796:
792:
788:
777:
772:
770:
751:
741:
729:
712:
710:
704:
698:
690:
688:
679:
673:
669:
668:
658:
654:
652:
635:
623:
622:
608:
604:
596:
592:
577:
576:
570:
556:
548:
544:
540:
522:
501:
487:
486:
479:
475:
459:
458:
442:
429:
427:
426:
401:
286:
260:21 July 1907
71:
38:
25:
4923:Grängesberg
4839:Winifredian
4728:Pedro Nunes
3943:Kommandøren
3493:McMinnville
3486:S.T. Church
3367:T.J. Potter
3230: /
3123:Climber.Org
2925:January 17,
2899:January 17,
2873:January 17,
2847:January 17,
2185:October 27,
2159:October 27,
1902:|work=
1874:Locomotives
1796:(steamboat)
1788:(steamboat)
1767:San Pedro's
1622:S.C.T. Dodd
1452:explained:
1385:San Pedro's
1377:San Pedro's
1290:seasickness
1234:seasickness
1124:Hiram Maxim
965:, when the
780:passed the
695:Cunard Line
209:Yard number
194:Chester, PA
5077:1880 ships
5041:Categories
5002:Mauretania
4788:Dei Gratia
4508:Shipwrecks
4363:Resolution
4335:Vigilancia
4015:Shipwrecks
3841:Manchester
3835:Copenhagen
3665:Shipwrecks
3556:New Tenino
3388:D.S. Baker
2982:August 17,
2821:August 23,
2795:August 21,
2770:August 22,
2744:August 22,
2718:August 22,
2659:August 22,
2605:August 26,
2579:August 22,
2553:August 22,
2503:August 23,
2472:August 23,
2153:Dictionary
2078:August 18,
2031:August 17,
2025:Re-printed
2005:October 7,
1751:Columbia's
1693:Columbia's
1608:Columbia's
1563:Willamette
1369:Columbia's
1307:Columbia's
1256:and holed
1156:staterooms
1086:Brigantine
1014:Barracouta
1010:Costa Rica
878:Columbia's
868:Columbia's
628:sea trials
611:sailed to
484:magazine.
375:Brigantine
363:Propulsion
303:2,721 tons
249:In service
4980:USS
4969:HMS
4950:San Pedro
4932:HMS
4855:HMS
4850:Albemarle
4848:HMS
4819:Vaderland
4778:Cap Lopez
4656:Silverlip
4644:HMS
4615:Fairhaven
4575:Dundonald
4424:RMS
4383:Vaderland
4361:HMS
4356:Ramillies
4354:HMS
4323:HMS
4316:HMS
4305:HMS
4159:Columbian
4147:HMS
4106:HMS
4097:Albatross
4095:SMS
4056:Regulator
3917:Minnehaha
3871:HMS
3825:Gneisenau
3823:SMS
3812:USS
3803:T.H. Camp
3699:and RNLB
3500:E.N. Cook
3472:S.G. Reed
3349:Victorian
1904:ignored (
1894:cite book
1857:Citations
1809:San Pedro
1713:San Pedro
1646:San Pedro
1528:addiction
1520:San Pedro
1505:San Pedro
1496:San Pedro
1492:San Pedro
1399:to shore.
1397:San Pedro
1381:San Pedro
1355:San Pedro
1339:San Pedro
1281:San Pedro
1254:San Pedro
1246:San Pedro
1238:San Pedro
1230:San Pedro
1221:San Pedro
1114:had four
1108:Main deck
979:hydraulic
975:starboard
785:lightship
632:Cape Horn
503:San Pedro
494:with the
492:collision
435:steamship
406:lifeboats
371:Sail plan
288:San Pedro
252:1880–1907
244:June 1880
233:Completed
217:Laid down
181:July 1879
137:1904–1907
126:1880–1904
106:1898–1907
93:1880–1898
41:under way
4999:23 Dec:
4992:Favorite
4982:Franklin
4978:21 Oct:
4960:Standart
4957:29 Aug:
4947:21 Jul:
4937:, USLHT
4930:20 Jun:
4894:12 Mar:
4887:Devonian
4884:11 Mar:
4864:20 Feb:
4846:11 Feb:
4816:19 Jan:
4809:Turbinia
4806:11 Jan:
4785:27 Dec:
4775:21 Dec:
4765:14 Dec:
4745:21 Oct:
4735:17 Oct:
4725:13 Oct:
4709:11 Oct:
4702:Metamora
4699:29 Sep:
4692:Columbia
4689:21 Jul:
4679:19 Jun:
4663:20 May:
4642:19 Apr:
4632:16 Apr:
4625:Hereford
4602:18 Mar:
4592:17 Mar:
4582:12 Mar:
4552:24 Feb:
4542:21 Feb:
4532:17 Jan:
4516:11 Jan:
4416:21 Nov:
4409:Tuncurry
4400:30 Sep:
4390:18 Sep:
4380:22 Jul:
4370:10 Jul:
4342:28 Jun:
4332:12 May:
4314:30 Apr:
4303:17 Apr:
4293:12 Mar:
4286:Devonian
4283:15 Feb:
4276:Columbia
4263:18 Jan:
4226:16 Dec:
4216:16 Dec:
4196:18 Nov:
4176:25 Oct:
4166:22 Oct:
4156:25 Sep:
4145:18 Sep:
4135:13 Sep:
4128:Princess
4125:24 Aug:
4104:30 May:
4083:18 Mar:
4076:Olympian
4073:13 Mar:
4063:27 Jan:
4053:24 Jan:
4046:Valencia
4043:22 Jan:
4036:Aquidabã
4033:21 Jan:
4023:12 Jan:
3940:20 Oct:
3933:Columbia
3927:Berkeley
3914:18 Sep:
3904:12 Sep:
3890:30 Jun:
3821:16 Dec:
3814:Yosemite
3800:16 Nov:
3790:24 Sep:
3783:Charkieh
3780:22 Sep:
3770:12 Sep:
3760:11 Aug:
3730:27 Jun:
3708:30 Jun:
3693:11 Apr:
3683:31 Jan:
3601:Tugboats
3591:Champion
3577:Occident
3465:Lewiston
3437:Oklahoma
3335:Olympian
3293:Columbia
3202:Columbia
3186:Columbia
3170:Columbia
3128:July 22,
3066:Original
3008:July 29,
3002:Original
2919:Archival
2893:Archival
2867:Archival
2841:Archival
2633:July 23,
2493:Original
2489:"Servia"
2466:Database
2443:July 23,
2416:July 23,
2410:Archival
2381:July 23,
2375:Archival
2339:July 23,
2333:Archival
2212:July 23,
2123:Original
2102:July 24,
1995:Original
1850:Valencia
1842:San Juan
1779:See also
1771:Columbia
1735:log raft
1731:Columbia
1697:Berkeley
1677:Columbia
1654:Columbia
1642:San Juan
1640:and the
1638:Columbia
1634:Columbia
1630:San Juan
1626:San Juan
1617:San Juan
1612:Columbia
1600:and the
1591:Valencia
1586:Columbia
1579:Columbia
1567:Alliance
1559:Alliance
1551:Columbia
1536:paranoia
1525:morphine
1512:Columbia
1501:Columbia
1488:Columbia
1484:Columbia
1476:Columbia
1458:Columbia
1444:Columbia
1440:Columbia
1425:Columbia
1417:Columbia
1413:Columbia
1409:Columbia
1389:Columbia
1351:Columbia
1347:Columbia
1325:Columbia
1314:Columbia
1303:Columbia
1298:Columbia
1294:Columbia
1276:Columbia
1258:Columbia
1250:Columbia
1242:Columbia
1212:Columbia
1208:Columbia
1196:Columbia
1183:Columbia
1173:Columbia
1168:Columbia
1161:Columbia
1152:Columbia
1143:Columbia
1135:Columbia
1128:Columbia
1120:hydrants
1112:Columbia
1104:Columbia
1097:Columbia
1082:Columbia
1074:Columbia
1065:Columbia
1054:Columbia
1050:Aragonia
1046:Columbia
1042:Aragonia
1038:Columbia
1034:Aragonia
1026:Columbia
1022:Columbia
1006:Columbia
1002:dry dock
998:Columbia
990:Columbia
986:Columbia
971:Columbia
956:Columbia
939:Columbia
929:Columbia
925:log raft
921:Columbia
909:Columbia
894:Columbia
888:and the
886:Columbia
882:Columbia
864:Berkeley
860:Columbia
856:Berkeley
852:Columbia
847:Berkeley
842:Columbia
828:Columbia
813:Berkeley
808:Columbia
797:Columbia
793:Columbia
789:Columbia
778:Columbia
773:Columbia
742:Columbia
720:Portland
713:Columbia
705:Columbia
691:Columbia
680:Columbia
670:Columbia
659:Columbia
655:Columbia
636:Columbia
624:Columbia
609:Columbia
605:Columbia
597:Columbia
593:Columbia
578:Columbia
571:Columbia
557:Columbia
549:Columbia
545:Columbia
541:Columbia
499:schooner
488:Columbia
476:Columbia
460:Columbia
450:shipyard
443:Columbia
430:Columbia
410:workboat
402:Columbia
389:Capacity
284:schooner
236:May 1880
225:Launched
113:Operator
72:Columbia
39:Columbia
4989:9 Nov:
4920:2 Jun:
4910:3 May:
4903:Suffren
4877:Gymnote
4874:5 Mar:
4836:5 Feb:
4829:Etruria
4755:2 Dec:
4682:Gymnote
4653:1 May:
4635:Lucifer
4622:1 Apr:
4572:7 Mar:
4562:3 Mar:
4525:Welcome
4426:Orinoco
4403:Advance
4273:1 Feb:
4209:Monarch
4206:6 Dec:
4189:Lurline
4186:9 Nov:
4149:Phoenix
4115:4 Aug:
4108:Montagu
3924:3 Oct:
3883:Fazilka
3880:6 Feb:
3873:Repulse
3869:4 Feb:
3859:1 Jan:
3793:Suffolk
3753:Fontana
3750:3 Aug:
3740:7 Jul:
3686:Wolcott
3673:5 Jan:
3616:Wallowa
3584:Bonanza
3542:Spokane
3535:Welcome
3342:Alaskan
2946:Article
2815:Archive
2764:Archive
2738:Archive
2712:Archive
2653:Archive
2599:Archive
2573:Archive
2547:Archive
2180:Archive
1977:4383986
1834:Pacific
1786:Clallam
1597:Clallam
1435:Titanic
1373:redwood
1360:Roanoke
1329:Roanoke
1310:boilers
1202:Sinking
982:drydock
684:Astoria
675:Alaskan
569:The SS
514:History
353:boilers
300:Tonnage
186:Builder
178:Ordered
47:History
4897:Patrie
4867:Kléber
4718:Cyprus
4666:Chanzy
4595:Suevic
4565:Dakota
4545:Berlin
4393:Fronde
4307:Ardent
4138:Oregon
3907:Coptic
3763:Framée
3711:Bremen
3609:Escort
3570:Orient
3521:Bonita
3444:Elmore
3402:Almota
3395:Sehome
3307:Oregon
3154:
1975:
1950:
1594:, the
1582:'s
1428:'s
1391:, the
823:Oregon
732:– 1895
716:'s
700:Servia
560:'s
553:dynamo
496:lumber
464:dynamo
308:Length
281:lumber
4940:Maple
4934:Dryad
4712:Aagot
4672:Izaro
4646:Ariel
4605:Jebba
4436:Alose
4245:Polly
4118:Sirio
4086:Athen
4066:Agnes
4026:Itata
3743:Idler
3723:Saale
3695:RNLB
3514:Alice
3458:Gypsy
3430:Modoc
2244:(PDF)
2237:(PDF)
913:barge
397:Notes
381:Speed
340:Decks
332:Depth
324:Draft
276:Notes
160:Route
78:Owner
5028:1908
5015:1906
4585:Iéna
4555:Gjøa
4462:1907
4449:1905
4296:Kate
3969:1901
3956:1899
3717:Main
3697:Arab
3676:Ibex
3451:Ruth
3152:ISBN
3130:2013
3104:2013
3074:2013
3010:2013
2984:2013
2954:2015
2927:2016
2901:2016
2875:2016
2849:2016
2823:2013
2797:2013
2772:2013
2746:2013
2720:2013
2661:2013
2635:2013
2607:2013
2581:2013
2555:2013
2505:2013
2474:2013
2445:2015
2418:2015
2383:2015
2341:2015
2252:2015
2214:2013
2187:2013
2161:2013
2135:2013
2104:2015
2080:2013
2033:2013
2007:2013
1973:OCLC
1948:ISBN
1906:help
1886:2013
1503:and
1456:The
1433:RMS
1363:and
1353:and
963:dock
946:dock
838:Nome
806:The
756:and
722:and
711:The
506:off
316:Beam
265:Fate
201:Cost
170:via
68:Name
4318:A10
4199:Dix
3184:SS
3168:SS
2526:275
1879:290
1848:SS
1840:SS
1832:SS
1824:SS
1816:SS
1794:Dix
1516:.45
1262:bow
760:in
587:in
470:'s
452:in
428:SS
212:193
166:to
5043::
4900:,
4853:,
4715:,
4669:,
4522:,
4422:,
4406:,
4359:,
4321:,
4242:,
3930:,
3894:,
3838:,
3720:,
3714:,
3121:.
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