436:= closed), until a natural forest fire kills the mature trees and opens the cones. These then reseed the burnt ground. Some populations differ in having cones that open at maturity, with seed dispersal not relying on fires. Without a fire every 20-60 years, Pinus clausa populations will be succeeded by oak and hickory. Most fires occur in the spring due to low water content in the needles and high winds. In addition, resin content is highest in the spring, causing extreme or uncontrollable fire behavior, such as a 1935 fire in
88:
281:
63:
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44:
396:. It is often the only canopy tree in the Florida scrub ecosystem. Stands of sand pines in peninsular Florida tend to be dense and of the same age, while stands of sand pines along the panhandle coast tend to be more open than on the peninsula, and with trees of varying age.
414:
from 5–10 m (16–33 ft), exceptionally to 21 m (69 ft) tall. It is vulnerable to windfall, and stands in areas prone to hurricanes can be found leaning in the same direction.
459:
woodlands are an important part of the
Florida scrub ecosystem, and provide habitat for songbirds, birds of prey, grey and flying squirrels, as well as the endangered
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353:). The sand pines of the Florida peninsula and of the Florida panhandle coast differ enough to be classified into two varieties or
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467:, among other species. It is one of the few canopy trees able to grow in arid, sandy, and hot locations with minimal care.
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784:. Agriculture Handbook 654. Washington, D.C.: Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture. pp. 294–301.
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coast. There is a range gap of about 200 km (120 mi) between the populations (from the
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373:("Choctawhatchee"), along the panhandle coast. While most peninsular sand pines (var.
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While the dense branching and crooked trunks makes this tree unsuitable for
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591:. Orlando, Florida: University of Central Florida Press. pp. 162–163.
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The tree is found in two separate locations, one across central peninsular
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are needle-like, in pairs, 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in) long, and its
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155:
145:
135:
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747:(2. printing ed.). Orlando: University of Central Florida Press.
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583:
Myers, Roland L. (1990). "Scrub and High Pine". In Myers, Ronald L.;
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831:
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720:
National
Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Trees of North America
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Over much of its range, it is fire-adapted to stand-replacing
714:
Moore, Gerry; Kershner, Bruce; Craig Tufts; Daniel
Mathews;
381:, or open, cones, most of the panhandle sand pines (var.
697:"Pinus clausa in Flora of North America @ efloras.org"
780:. In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.).
440:
that burned 5,670 acres (2,295 ha) in only 4 hours.
1236:
844:
432:, with the cones remaining closed for many years (
743:Myers, Ronald L.; Ewel, John J., eds. (1991).
523:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T34050A2841499.en
392:, excessively well-drained, sandy habitat of
8:
782:Silvics of North America: Volume 1, Conifers
623:
611:
832:
388:Sand pine is largely confined to the very
279:
61:
42:
31:
521:
425:are 3–8 cm (1.2–3.1 in) long.
563:United States Department of Agriculture
554:Germplasm Resources Information Network
487:
669:"Pinus clausa (sand pine) description"
667:Earle, Christopher J. (3 March 2023).
385:) have serotinous, or closed, cones.
7:
1125:1e4c48fd-834e-4db8-89e3-6ca51d4f152c
691:
689:
636:
634:
632:
1385:IUCN Red List least concern species
509:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1395:Endemic flora of the United States
1336:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77103821-1
722:. New York: Sterling. p. 70.
337:, and the other along the western
25:
474:production, it is often used for
365:("Ocala"), on the peninsula, and
1190:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:262863-1
86:
647:Fire Effects Information System
1410:Garden plants of North America
288:Generalized natural range of
1:
559:Agricultural Research Service
772:Brendemuehl, R. H. (1990).
641:Carey, Jennifer H. (1992).
313:. Its common names include
1436:
311:Southeastern United States
1405:Trees of Northern America
287:
278:
252:
245:
83:Scientific classification
81:
59:
50:
41:
34:
828:Flora of North America.
673:The Gymnosperm Database
643:"Species: Pinus clausa"
448:
1420:Plants used in bonsai
745:Ecosystems of Florida
589:Ecosystems of Florida
446:
438:Ocala National Forest
516:: e.T34050A2841499.
626:, pp. 294–295.
498:Farjon, A. (2013).
319:Florida spruce pine
53:Conservation status
461:Florida sand skink
449:
407:is a small, often
27:Species of conifer
1372:
1371:
1146:Open Tree of Life
838:Taxon identifiers
791:978-0-16-027145-8
754:978-0-8130-1022-9
729:978-1-4027-3875-3
465:Florida scrub jay
347:Ochlockonee River
339:Florida panhandle
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16:(Redirected from
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1415:Ornamental trees
1400:Flora of Florida
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447:Sand Pine bark
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379:non-serotinous
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247:Binomial name
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68:Least Concern
58:
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19:
1238:Pinus inops
1237:
998:Pinus clausa
923:pinus-clausa
876:Pinus clausa
846:Pinus clausa
845:
824:Pinus clausa
823:
819:USDA PLANTS.
815:Pinus clausa
814:
781:
776:Pinus clausa
775:
744:
738:
719:
709:
700:
676:. Retrieved
672:
662:
650:. Retrieved
646:
619:
607:
588:
578:
566:. Retrieved
552:
547:Pinus clausa
546:
539:
527:. Retrieved
513:
507:
502:Pinus clausa
501:
469:
457:Pinus clausa
456:
455:
433:
427:
416:
405:Pinus clausa
404:
403:
387:
382:
374:
370:
366:
362:
359:Pinus clausa
358:
332:
329:Distribution
322:
318:
314:
299:Pinus clausa
298:
297:
296:
290:Pinus clausa
289:
256:Pinus clausa
255:
253:
237:
236:
224:
220:
216:Subsection:
208:
204:
192:
188:
176:
126:Gymnospermae
119:
106:
36:Pinus clausa
35:
29:
1323:kew-2871991
1164:kew-2561996
1097:NatureServe
1032:iNaturalist
870:Wikispecies
568:20 December
529:19 November
400:Description
1379:Categories
1318:Plant List
1297:77103821-1
1159:Plant List
778:Sand Pine"
716:Gil Nelson
482:References
383:immuginata
371:immuginata
323:scrub pine
184:Subgenus:
132:Division:
1257:Q17358982
985:233500926
800:86-600518
476:wood pulp
430:wildfires
390:infertile
367:P. clausa
351:Cedar Key
315:sand pine
232:Species:
225:Contortae
223:subsect.
209:Trifoliae
200:Section:
146:Pinopsida
136:Pinophyta
96:Kingdom:
18:Sand Pine
1349:24900811
1344:Tropicos
1251:Wikidata
1203:24900182
1198:Tropicos
1102:2.129195
1063:10195157
1050:262863-1
861:Q1259309
855:Wikidata
587:(eds.).
309:to the
166:Pinaceae
162:Family:
73:IUCN 3.1
1284:5285770
1213:4963903
1011:5285768
766:Sources
409:shrubby
377:) have
343:Alabama
335:Florida
307:endemic
268:Engelm.
172:Genus:
156:Pinales
152:Order:
142:Class:
100:Plantae
71: (
1310:183326
1271:205599
1242:clausa
1210:uBio:
1172:PLANTS
1151:217118
1138:497385
1122:NZOR:
1115:261911
1076:183324
1037:126590
1024:316778
972:pincla
969:FEIS:
949:990961
918:ARKive
910:205597
884:AoFP:
798:
788:
751:
726:
678:30 May
652:30 May
595:
434:clausa
419:leaves
375:clausa
363:clausa
321:, and
264:Chapm.
207:sect.
191:subg.
1390:Pinus
1089:34050
1058:IRMNG
993:FoAO2
962:PIUCL
936:4J24S
894:APA:
423:cones
369:var.
361:var.
355:races
272:Sarg.
193:Pinus
177:Pinus
120:Clade
107:Clade
1331:POWO
1305:ITIS
1292:IPNI
1279:GBIF
1266:APNI
1240:var.
1185:POWO
1177:PICL
1110:NCBI
1084:IUCN
1071:ITIS
1045:IPNI
1019:GRIN
1006:GBIF
957:EPPO
905:APNI
796:LCCN
786:ISBN
749:ISBN
724:ISBN
680:2023
654:2024
593:ISBN
570:2017
531:2021
514:2013
472:wood
463:and
452:Uses
417:The
412:tree
304:pine
1357:WFO
1221:WFO
980:FNA
944:EoL
931:CoL
897:209
887:643
518:doi
349:to
266:ex
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794:.
699:.
688:^
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551:.
512:.
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490:^
478:.
357:,
325:.
317:,
270:)
221:P.
205:P.
189:P.
122::
109::
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732:.
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682:.
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520::
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262:(
75:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
