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Savant syndrome

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460:. Down described approximately ten cases of youth he had known with unusual mental powers, like "verbal adhesion" (eg. memorizing books read once), photographic memory for artistic drawing or model-building or music, autobiographical memory, arithmetic & calendrical calculation, & always knowing the current time down to the minute. Down noted that they were all male, none had a family history of similar talents, and that the extraordinary memory was usually associated with "very great defect of reasoning power". 368:– can name the day of the week of a date, or vice versa, on a limited range of decades or certain millennia. The rarity of human calendar calculators is possibly due to the lack of motivation to develop such skills among the general population, although mathematicians have developed formulas that allow them to obtain similar skills. Calendrical savants, on the other hand, may not be prone to invest in socially engaging skills. 394:. Also, the attention to detail of savants is a consequence of enhanced perception or sensory hypersensitivity in these unique individuals. It has also been hypothesized that some savants operate by directly accessing deep, unfiltered information that exists in all human brains that is not normally available to conscious awareness. 424:
There are no objectively definitive statistics about how many people have savant skills. The estimates range from "exceedingly rare" to one in ten people with autism having savant skills in varying degrees. A 2009 British study of 137 parents of autistic children found that 28% believe their children
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Savant syndrome is estimated to affect around one in a million people. The condition affects more males than females, at a ratio of 6:1. The first medical account of the condition was in 1783. It is estimated that between 0.5% up to 10% of those with autism have some form of savant abilities. It is
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explains savants' combination of talent and deficit. It has been suggested that individuals with autism are biased towards detail-focused processing and that this cognitive style predisposes individuals either with or without autism to savant talents. Another hypothesis is that savants
2658: 1816: 2142: 486:, the term came to be considered a misnomer because only half of those who were diagnosed with savant syndrome were autistic. Upon realization of the need for accuracy of diagnosis and dignity towards the individual, the term 2026:"Good Will Hunting: "Don't infect him with the idea that it's okay to be failure, because it's not." How Good Will Hunting explores success, fear of failure and life satisfaction. | The Adaptability Practice - Sydney" 299: 425:
met the criteria for a savant skill, defined as a skill or power "at a level that would be unusual even for 'normal' people". As many as 50 cases of sudden or acquired savant syndrome have been reported.
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estimated that there are currently living fewer than a hundred prodigious savants, with skills so extraordinary that they would be considered spectacular even for a non-impaired person.
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Newschaffer CJ, Croen LA, Daniels J, Giarelli E, Grether JK, Levy SE, Mandell DS, Miller LA, Pinto-Martin J, Reaven J, Reynolds AM, Rice CE, Schendel D, Windham GC (2007).
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Mental Health and Mental Disorders: An Encyclopedia of Conditions, Treatments, and Well-Being [3 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of Conditions, Treatments, and Well-Being
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injury or disease. While the condition usually becomes apparent in childhood, some cases develop later in life. It is not recognized as a
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Savant skills are usually found in one or more of five major areas: art, memory, arithmetic, musical abilities, and
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because not all reported cases fit the definition of idiot, originally used for a person with a very severe
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that classifies people based on their skills in empathizing with others versus systemizing facts about the
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hyper-systemize, thereby giving an impression of talent. Hyper-systemizing is an extreme state in the
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Miller LK (January 1999). "The savant syndrome: intellectual impairment and exceptional skill".
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In some cases, savant syndrome can be induced following severe head trauma to the left anterior
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Saloviita T, Ruusila L, Ruusila U (August 2000). "Incidence of Savant Syndrome in Finland".
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
286:. About half of cases are associated with autism, and these individuals may be known as 2653: 2542: 2314: 1740: 1661: 1636: 1600: 1551: 1526: 1502: 1477: 1438: 1389: 1372: 1348: 1323: 1237: 1212: 921: 896: 775: 692: 601: 564: 391: 333: 27:
Rare condition involving outstanding mental abilities despite overall mental disability
2151: 1985: 336:. The most common kinds of savants are calendrical savants, "human calendars" who can 2827: 2587: 2552: 834: 817: 795: 752: 631: 552: 504: 457: 403: 341: 1296: 1280: 1194: 897:"The savant syndrome: an extraordinary condition. A synopsis: past, present, future" 979:
Hughes JR (2012). "The Savant Syndrome and Its Possible Relationship to Epilepsy".
812: 576: 534: 522: 283: 139: 1264: 988: 983:. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 724. pp. 332–43. 2419: 2394: 2389: 2354: 2181: 2170: 839: 613: 570: 546: 957: 2434: 2384: 2186: 1178: 120: 92: 2011: 2429: 2002: 1527:"Enhanced perception in savant syndrome: patterns, structure and creativity" 433: 96: 1948:
The Imprinted Brain: How Genes Set the Balance Between Autism and Psychosis
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Baron-Cohen S, Ashwin E, Ashwin C, Tavassoli T, Chakrabarti B (May 2009).
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Males diagnosed with savant syndrome outnumber females by roughly 6:1 (in
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for "learned idiot") was first used to describe the condition in 1887 by
79: 77:, the savant who was the inspiration for the main character in the movie 74: 1716:"Savant skills in autism: psychometric approaches and parental reports" 647:, autistic savant in the 2017 American medical drama television series 429: 406:. Savant syndrome has been artificially replicated using low-frequency 303: 2134: 1228: 1213:"An analysis of calendar performance in two autistic calendar savants" 17: 2229: 279: 782:) savant with an eidetic memory and exceptional mathematical skills. 300:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition
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Advanced Proficiency and Exceptional Ability in Second Languages
2202: 706:, autistic savant in the 2021 South Korean psychological drama 344:. Advanced memory is the key "superpower" in savant abilities. 715:, acquired savant in a 2007 episode of the U.S. medical drama 622:, American acquired savant artist, inventor and former lawyer 249: 200: 240: 176: 2198: 675:, autistic savant in the 2013 South Korean medical drama 191: 170: 2325:
Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
2078:"'The Queen's Gambit' review: The struggles of a savant" 1986:"The Autistic Detective: Sherlock Holmes and his Legacy" 1902:
On some of the mental affections of childhood and youth
725:, autistic savant in the 2022 South Korean legal drama 37:"Idiot Savants" redirects here. For the game show, see 765:'s novels is inline with him being an autistic savant. 610:, American acquired savant pianist and medical doctor 482:
was also used as a description of the disorder. Like
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For other uses, see 8: 1377:Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 342:recall personal memories from any given date 1876:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.28.021406.144007 890: 888: 886: 884: 882: 880: 513:, British blind musical prodigy and pianist 2766:Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale 2221: 2207: 2199: 2125: 878: 876: 874: 872: 870: 868: 866: 864: 862: 860: 695:, main antagonist in the Japan 1999 novel 274:Those with the condition generally have a 65: 48: 2458:Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder 2001: 1984:Loftis, Sonya Freeman (6 December 2014). 1874: 1739: 1660: 1599: 1550: 1501: 1437: 1388: 1347: 1236: 1160: 1158: 920: 290:. The other half often have some form of 2463:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 1951:. London: Jessica Kingsley. p. 29. 1691:. De Montfort University. Archived from 1682: 1680: 1018: 1016: 2649:Multiple complex developmental disorder 856: 2730:Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule 1819:from the original on 25 September 2020 1143:from the original on 25 September 2020 1082:from the original on 25 September 2020 1043:from the original on 25 September 2020 792:is a savant with an interest in chess. 567:, American professor of animal science 519:, Hungarian autistic writer and artist 456:, who is known for his description of 1211:Kennedy DP, Squire LR (August 2007). 634:, American acquired savant and artist 573:, American blind pianist and composer 543:, American pianist and musical savant 364:) is someone who – despite having an 7: 2104:"Psychologist Pelusi analyzes House" 1787:from the original on 31 January 2013 772:is a mathematical genius and savant. 490:became widely accepted terminology. 2480:Developmental coordination disorder 1965:from the original on 18 August 2021 1777:"An artist is born after car crash" 1303:from the original on 29 August 2021 684:, autistic savant in the 1997 film 659:, autistic savant in the 1988 film 604:, American acquired savant sculptor 1916:"Exploring Temple Grandin's Brain" 1756:from the original on 19 April 2009 1616:from the original on 19 April 2009 1454:from the original on 19 April 2009 1390:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2005.tb01180.x 735:, savant in the 2012 anime series 25: 2740:Gilliam Asperger's disorder scale 2558:Fetal valproate spectrum disorder 2330:Childhood disintegrative disorder 2102:Pelusi, Nando (29 January 2009). 1586:(1522). The Economist: 1399–405. 1113:from the original on 13 July 2019 408:transcranial magnetic stimulation 2310:Pervasive developmental disorder 1775:Yant-Kinney M (20 August 2012). 1726:(1522). The Economist: 1359–67. 1424:(1522). The Economist: 1369–75. 233: 160: 2030:www.adaptabilitypractice.com.au 1281:10.1016/j.cognition.2005.08.001 2761:Childhood Autism Spectrum Test 2051:"Sheldon Cooper- A Case Study" 1914:McGowan, Kat (13 March 2013). 1863:Annual Review of Public Health 561:, British architectural artist 388:empathizing–systemizing theory 1: 2735:Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2583:PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome 2473:obsessive–compulsive disorder 2405:Pathological demand avoidance 2289:Societal and cultural aspects 1945:Badcock, Christopher (2009). 1412:Happé F, Vital P (May 2009). 1322:Cowan R, Frith C (May 2009). 823:Creativity and mental illness 507:, British author and polyglot 338:calculate the day of the week 1990:Disability Studies Quarterly 1133:"Savant Syndrome Statistics" 1023:Hyltenstam, Kenneth (2016). 989:10.1007/978-1-4614-0653-2_25 432:), slightly higher than the 276:neurodevelopmental condition 2725:Autism Diagnostic Interview 2495:Sensory processing disorder 2360:Autism and LGBTQ identities 1167:Perceptual and Motor Skills 768:Will Hunting from the film 745:, savant in the 1986 novel 325:by British artistic savant 132:Neurodevelopmental disorder 2865: 2603:Tuberous sclerosis complex 2593:Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome 2568:MECP2 duplication syndrome 2548:Cornelia de Lange syndrome 2500:Global developmental delay 981:Neurodegenerative Diseases 958:10.1037/0033-2909.125.1.31 727:Extraordinary Attorney Woo 628:, American acquired savant 417: 36: 29: 2682:Facilitated communication 2523:22q11.2 deletion syndrome 2055:A Is For Aoife Not Autism 1179:10.2466/pms.2000.91.1.120 1107:Wisconsin Medical Society 1068:. ABC-CLIO. p. 969. 737:The Pet Girl of Sakurasou 579:, British artist and poet 525:, British autistic artist 467:was later described as a 73: 64: 39:Idiot Savants (game show) 2756:Autism-spectrum quotient 2573:Neurofibromatosis type I 895:Treffert DA (May 2009). 282:, or have experienced a 136:autism spectrum disorder 2687:Lancet MMR autism fraud 2629:Critical autism studies 2528:22q13 deletion syndrome 2490:Intellectual disability 2440:Emotional dysregulation 2337:High-functioning autism 2003:10.18061/dsq.v34i4.3728 1137:Health Research Funding 761:'s deductive skills in 555:, British crayon artist 531:, American "megasavant" 473:intellectual disability 366:intellectual disability 32:Savant (disambiguation) 2697:Rapid prompting method 2639:Double empathy problem 2624:Autism rights movement 1732:10.1098/rstb.2008.0328 1653:10.1098/rstb.2008.0290 1592:10.1098/rstb.2008.0290 1543:10.1098/rstb.2008.0333 1494:10.1098/rstb.2008.0337 1430:10.1098/rstb.2008.0332 1340:10.1098/rstb.2008.0323 946:Psychological Bulletin 913:10.1098/rstb.2008.0326 763:Sir Arthur Conan Doyle 420:Epidemiology of autism 329: 292:central nervous system 149:~1 in a million people 2782:Autism-related topics 2346:Associated conditions 1635:Snyder A (May 2009). 1574:Snyder A (May 2009). 1371:Pring, Linda (2005). 1217:Learning & Memory 1103:"The Autistic Savant" 321: 2787:Fictional characters 2515:Associated syndromes 1687:Hiles, Dave (2001). 1062:Sperry, Len (2015). 802:is a medical savant. 588:America's Got Talent 2664:Violence and autism 2450:Comorbid conditions 549:, American musician 537:, American musician 494:Society and culture 381:No widely accepted 348:Calendrical savants 2849:Exceptional memory 2563:Fragile X syndrome 2370:Autistic catatonia 2162:External resources 1844:2020-09-25 at the 1837:Treffert, Darold. 1695:on 25 October 2012 1647:(1522): 1399–405. 790:The Queen's Gambit 355:calendrical savant 330: 314:Signs and symptoms 306:or restructuring. 2821: 2820: 2718:Diagnostic scales 2608:Williams syndrome 2533:Angelman syndrome 2415:Special interests 2380:Autistic meltdown 2320:Asperger syndrome 2196: 2195: 2076:Davidson, Dylan. 1920:Discover Magazine 1815:. 17 April 2015. 1689:"Savant Syndrome" 1537:(1522): 1385–91. 1488:(1522): 1377–83. 1334:(1522): 1417–24. 1229:10.1101/lm.653607 998:978-1-4614-0652-5 845:Twice exceptional 830:Mental calculator 770:Good Will Hunting 620:Patrick Fagerberg 591:winner (musician) 559:Stephen Wiltshire 454:John Langdon Down 327:Stephen Wiltshire 153: 152: 110:mental disability 46:Medical condition 16:(Redirected from 2856: 2813:Sensory friendly 2749:Screening scales 2598:Timothy syndrome 2505:Verbal Dyspraxia 2468:Anxiety disorder 2400:Nonverbal autism 2375:Autistic masking 2365:Autistic burnout 2223: 2216: 2209: 2200: 2126: 2119: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2099: 2093: 2092: 2090: 2088: 2073: 2067: 2066: 2064: 2062: 2047: 2041: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2022: 2016: 2015: 2005: 1981: 1975: 1974: 1972: 1970: 1942: 1936: 1935: 1933: 1931: 1922:. 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835:Hyperthymesia 833: 831: 828: 827: 824: 821: 819: 818:Child prodigy 816: 814: 811: 810: 806: 801: 797: 794: 791: 787: 784: 781: 777: 774: 771: 767: 764: 760: 757: 754: 753:Winston Groom 750: 749: 744: 741: 738: 734: 731: 728: 724: 723:Woo Young-woo 721: 718: 714: 711: 709: 705: 704:Jeong Jae-hee 702: 700: 699: 698:Battle Royale 694: 691: 689: 688: 683: 680: 678: 674: 671: 668: 665:(inspired by 664: 663: 658: 655: 652: 651: 646: 643: 642: 638: 633: 632:Jason Padgett 630: 627: 624: 621: 618: 615: 612: 609: 606: 603: 600: 599: 595: 590: 589: 584: 581: 578: 575: 572: 569: 566: 563: 560: 557: 554: 553:Richard Wawro 551: 548: 545: 542: 539: 536: 533: 530: 527: 524: 521: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 505:Daniel Tammet 503: 502: 499:Notable cases 498: 493: 491: 489: 485: 481: 479: 474: 470: 466: 461: 459: 458:Down syndrome 455: 451: 447: 439: 437: 435: 431: 426: 421: 413: 411: 409: 405: 404:temporal lobe 397: 395: 393: 389: 384: 377:Psychological 376: 371: 369: 367: 347: 345: 343: 339: 335: 328: 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The term 298:within the 57:Other names 2834:Giftedness 2828:Categories 2702:Thiomersal 2644:Employment 2435:Echopraxia 2385:Hyperlexia 2082:Experience 1969:28 October 1869:: 235–58. 851:References 418:See also: 278:, such as 123:, acquired 121:Congenital 93:Psychiatry 2839:Syndromes 2707:Chelation 2430:Echolalia 2303:Diagnoses 2294:Therapies 2249:Diagnosis 2012:2159-8371 1898:lecture 3 1699:6 October 1307:24 August 1269:Cognition 1086:29 August 1047:29 August 780:Aspergers 463:The term 444:The term 434:sex ratio 372:Mechanism 219:-ənt, sə- 146:Frequency 97:neurology 88:Specialty 2485:Epilepsy 2425:Stimming 1963:Archived 1885:17367287 1842:Archived 1817:Archived 1785:Archived 1760:16 April 1754:Archived 1750:19528018 1671:19528023 1620:16 April 1614:Archived 1610:19528023 1561:19528021 1512:19528020 1458:16 April 1452:Archived 1448:19528019 1399:15991873 1358:19528025 1301:Archived 1297:34912923 1289:16157326 1247:17686947 1195:20306664 1187:11011882 1141:Archived 1111:Archived 1080:Archived 1041:Archived 1007:22411254 931:19528017 807:See also 800:House MD 796:Dr House 667:Kim Peek 662:Rain Man 583:Kodi Lee 529:Kim Peek 469:misnomer 134:such as 108:General 104:Symptoms 80:Rain Man 75:Kim Peek 2844:Savants 2792:Schools 2269:History 2187:NBK1442 2113:16 June 2108:Variety 2087:16 June 2061:16 June 2035:16 June 1930:20 June 1823:5 April 1741:2677586 1662:2677578 1601:2677578 1552:2677591 1503:2677592 1439:2677590 1349:2677581 1238:1951792 1147:24 July 1117:24 July 966:9990844 922:2677584 585:, 2019 480:  440:History 430:Finland 304:healing 2274:Memory 2244:Causes 2230:Autism 2176:001526 2010:  1955:  1883:  1748:  1738:  1669:  1659:  1608:  1598:  1559:  1549:  1510:  1500:  1446:  1436:  1397:  1356:  1346:  1295:  1287:  1245:  1235:  1193:  1185:  1072:  1033:  1005:  995:  964:  929:  919:  450:French 323:Venice 280:autism 128:Causes 18:Savant 2775:Lists 2152:315.8 1996:(4). 1293:S2CID 1191:S2CID 798:from 788:from 717:House 708:Mouse 682:Kazan 231:also 221:VAHNT 117:Types 2237:Main 2147:9-CM 2115:2024 2089:2024 2063:2024 2037:2024 2008:ISSN 1971:2020 1953:ISBN 1932:2018 1881:PMID 1825:2018 1793:2012 1762:2009 1746:PMID 1701:2012 1667:PMID 1622:2009 1606:PMID 1557:PMID 1508:PMID 1460:2009 1444:PMID 1395:PMID 1354:PMID 1309:2021 1285:PMID 1243:PMID 1183:PMID 1149:2014 1119:2014 1088:2020 1070:ISBN 1049:2020 1031:ISBN 1003:PMID 993:ISBN 962:PMID 927:PMID 687:Cube 358:(or 267:AHNT 265:sav- 2143:ICD 1998:doi 1900:of 1871:doi 1736:PMC 1728:doi 1724:364 1657:PMC 1649:doi 1645:364 1596:PMC 1588:doi 1584:364 1547:PMC 1539:doi 1535:364 1498:PMC 1490:doi 1486:364 1434:PMC 1426:doi 1422:364 1385:doi 1344:PMC 1336:doi 1332:364 1277:doi 1273:100 1233:PMC 1225:doi 1175:doi 985:doi 954:doi 950:125 917:PMC 909:doi 905:364 751:by 217:SAV 2830:: 2185:: 2174:: 2150:: 2106:. 2080:. 2053:. 2028:. 2006:. 1994:34 1992:. 1988:. 1961:. 1918:. 1879:. 1867:28 1865:. 1861:. 1809:. 1779:. 1752:. 1744:. 1734:. 1722:. 1718:. 1679:^ 1665:. 1655:. 1643:. 1639:. 1612:. 1604:. 1594:. 1582:. 1578:. 1555:. 1545:. 1533:. 1529:. 1506:. 1496:. 1484:. 1480:. 1468:^ 1450:. 1442:. 1432:. 1420:. 1416:. 1393:. 1381:47 1379:. 1375:. 1352:. 1342:. 1330:. 1326:. 1299:. 1291:. 1283:. 1271:. 1267:. 1255:^ 1241:. 1231:. 1221:14 1219:. 1215:. 1203:^ 1189:. 1181:. 1171:91 1169:. 1157:^ 1135:. 1109:. 1105:. 1078:. 1039:. 1015:^ 1001:. 991:. 960:. 948:. 925:. 915:. 903:. 899:. 859:^ 352:A 250:ɑː 229:US 225:, 201:ɑː 138:, 95:, 2222:e 2215:t 2208:v 2145:- 2135:D 2117:. 2091:. 2065:. 2039:. 2014:. 2000:: 1973:. 1934:. 1887:. 1873:: 1827:. 1795:. 1764:. 1730:: 1703:. 1673:. 1651:: 1624:. 1590:: 1563:. 1541:: 1514:. 1492:: 1462:. 1428:: 1401:. 1387:: 1360:. 1338:: 1311:. 1279:: 1249:. 1227:: 1197:. 1177:: 1151:. 1121:. 1090:. 1051:. 1009:. 987:: 968:. 956:: 933:. 911:: 755:. 739:. 729:. 719:. 669:) 653:. 448:( 259:/ 256:t 253:n 247:v 244:ˈ 241:ə 238:s 235:/ 210:/ 207:t 204:n 198:v 195:ˈ 192:æ 189:s 186:, 183:t 180:n 177:ə 174:v 171:æ 168:s 165:ˈ 162:/ 158:( 41:. 34:. 20:)

Index

Savant
Savant (disambiguation)
Idiot Savants (game show)

Kim Peek
Rain Man
Specialty
Psychiatry
neurology
Symptoms
mental disability
Congenital
Neurodevelopmental disorder
autism spectrum disorder
brain injury
/ˈsævənt,sæˈvɑːnt/
SAV-ənt, sə-VAHNT
US
/səˈvɑːnt/
sav-AHNT
neurodevelopmental condition
autism
brain injury
autistic savants
central nervous system
mental disorder
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition
healing

Stephen Wiltshire

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