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procedure is to use such hair as efficiently as possible. The right candidates for this type of surgery are individuals who still have healthy hair on the sides and the back of the head in order that hair for the transplant may be harvested from those areas. Different techniques are utilized in order
680:
The 'danger area of the scalp' is the area of loose connective tissue. This is because pus and blood spread easily within it, and can pass into the cranial cavity along the emissary veins. Therefore, infection can spread from the scalp to the meninges, which could lead to meningitis.further studies
538:
The superficial temporal vein descends in front of the tragus, enters the parotid gland, and then joins the maxillary vein to form the retromandibular vein. The anterior part of it unites with the facial vein to form the common facial vein, which drains into jugular vein, and ultimately to the
689:
The clinically important layer is the aponeurosis. Scalp lacerations through this layer mean that the "anchoring" of the superficial layers is lost and gaping of the wound occurs which would require suturing. This can be achieved with simple or vertical mattress sutures using a non-absorbable
666:
Lymphatic channels from the posterior half of the scalp drain to occipital and posterior auricular nodes. Lymphatic channels from the anterior half drain to the parotid nodes. The lymph eventually reaches the submandibular and deep cervical nodes.
534:
The veins of the scalp accompany the arteries and thus have similar names, e.g. Supratrochlear and supraorbital veins, which unite at the medial angle of the eye, and form the angular vein, which further continues as the facial vein.
714:, although less advanced. A knife with multiple blades is used to remove tissue from donor areas. The removed tissue is then fragmented into smaller chunks under direct vision inspection (i.e., without a microscope).
527:
Because the walls of the blood vessels are firmly attached to the fibrous tissue of the superficial fascial layer, cut ends of vessels here do not readily retract; even a small scalp wound may bleed profusely.
456:
of the skull bones, a membrane that provides nutrition to the bone and the capacity for repair. During surgery it can be lifted from the bone to allow the removal of windows of bone (
79:
937:
410:. This layer has a gel-like consistency, and allows the more superficial layers of the scalp to shift about in relation to the pericranium. It is constituted of more
441:
the scalp is also torn off through this layer. The layer is sometimes referred to as the "danger zone" because infectious agents can easily spread through it to
280:
495:
to the lateral forehead and scalp as far up as the vertex. The supraorbital artery is a branch of the ophthalmic branch of the internal carotid artery.
395:. The epicranial aponeurosis or galea aponeurotica is a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue which anchors the above layers in place. It runs from the
550:
Innervation is the connection of nerves to the scalp: the sensory and motor nerves innervating the scalp. The scalp is innervated by the following:
312:
grows. It is made up of skin, layers of connective and fibrous tissues, and the membrane of the skull. Anatomically, the scalp is part of the
930:
859:. Often associated with the history of North America, scalping developed independently on multiple continents and dates back to antiquity.
101:
833:, or male pattern hair loss, is a common cause of concern to men. It may be treated with varying rates success by medication (e.g.
923:
647:
407:
275:
710:
The most utilized technique is the one known as micro grafting because it produces naturalistic results. It is akin to
521:, a branch of the external carotid artery, ascends behind the auricle to supply the scalp above and behind the auricle.
488:
to the midline forehead. The supratrochlear artery is a branch of the ophthalmic branch of the internal carotid artery.
62:
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There are other veins, like the emissary vein and frontal diploic vein, which also contribute to the venous drainage.
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to obtain the desired cosmetic results; factors considered may include hair color, texture, curliness, etc.
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this layer provides an easy plane of separation between the upper three layers and the pericranium. In
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and fibrous tissue that lies beneath the skin, containing the nerves and vessels of the scalp.
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895: – Histology Learning System at Boston University - "Integument: scalp, transverse"
361:
The scalp is usually described as having five layers, which can be remembered using the
27:
Anatomical area bordered by the face at the front, and by the neck at the sides and back
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841:) or hair transplantation. If the scalp is heavy and loose, a common change with
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901: – Histology Learning System at Boston University - "Integument: scalp"
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The innervation of scalp can be remembered using the mnemonic 'Z-GLASS' for
539:
subclavian vein. The occipital vein terminates to the sub-occipital plexus.
469:
The blood supply of the scalp is via five pairs of arteries, three from the
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which runs posteriorly to supply much of the posterior aspect of the scalp
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at the sides and back. The scientific study of hair and scalp is called
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The scalp is a common site for the development of tumours including:
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gives off frontal and parietal branches to supply much of the scalp
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http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/figures/chapter_47/47-1.HTM
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are needed to conclude that it’s actually a “danger zone” though.
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techniques utilize the patient's existing hair. The aim of the
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at The
Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
855:
is the act of removing a human scalp, usually with hair, as a
690:
material, which are subsequently removed at around days 7–10.
642:
muscle, is split into two main factions: the frontal belly or
385:
43:
795:– a form of seborrhoeic dermatitis which occurs in newborns
845:, the forehead may be low, heavy and deeply lined. The
789:– a skin disorder causing scaly, flaky, itchy, red skin
638:
The motor innervation of the scalp, specifically, the
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140:Illustration depicting the layers of the scalp and
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71:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
871:– surgery to correct scalp defects of injuries
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807:- ringworm of the scalp, and its severe form
8:
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938:
924:
916:
877:– surgery to reduce the size of bald spots
849:procedure aims to address these concerns.
656:posterior auricular branch of facial nerve
373:. The skin of the scalp contains numerous
316:, a collection of structures covering the
134:
122:
825:The scalp plays an important role in the
102:Learn how and when to remove this message
352:Illustration of the scalp and meninges
291:
113:
7:
25:
574:(C2) posteriorly up to the vertex
384:. A dense subcutaneous layer of
48:
816:– a rare deformity of the scalp
650:, while the occipital belly or
648:temporal branch of facial nerve
408:Loose areolar connective tissue
320:. The scalp is bordered by the
308:is the area of the head where
1:
594:supplying the hairless temple
344:Diagrammatic section of scalp
452:P: Pericranium. This is the
505:superficial temporal artery
1397:
712:follicular unit extraction
519:posterior auricular artery
36:
29:
899:Histology image: 08801ooa
893:Histology image: 08601ooa
631:upratrochlear nerve, and
615:ygomaticotemporal nerve,
414:than fibers. It contains
324:at the front, and by the
286:
133:
121:
801:– burning scalp syndrome
783:– obsessive hair pulling
777:– obsessive skin picking
619:reater occipital nerve,
584:Zygomaticotemporal nerve
57:This article includes a
752:Squamous cell carcinoma
627:uriculotemporal nerve,
623:esser occipital nerve,
572:Greater occipital nerve
86:more precise citations.
947:Human regional anatomy
787:Seborrhoeic dermatitis
598:Auriculotemporal nerve
578:Lesser occipital nerve
353:
345:
288:Anatomical terminology
39:anatomical terminology
32:Scalp (disambiguation)
814:Cutis verticis gyrata
770:Head lice infestation
742:Merkel-cell carcinoma
671:Clinical significance
486:supratrochlear artery
445:which drain into the
377:and sebaceous glands.
351:
343:
869:Scalp reconstruction
775:Excoriation disorder
732:Basal-cell carcinoma
700:hair transplantation
694:Hair transplantation
555:Supratrochlear nerve
431:craniofacial surgery
184:Superficial temporal
168:superficial temporal
30:For other uses, see
831:Androgenic alopecia
821:Society and culture
654:is supplied by the
646:is supplied by the
635:upraorbital nerve.
602:mandibular division
580:(C2) behind the ear
563:ophthalmic division
493:supraorbital artery
188:posterior auricular
662:Lymphatic drainage
588:maxillary division
559:supraorbital nerve
427:glycosaminoglycans
399:anteriorly to the
354:
346:
220:zygomaticotemporal
59:list of references
37:This article uses
1381:Medical mnemonics
1363:
1362:
1359:
1358:
727:Actinic keratosis
640:occipitofrontalis
500:external carotid
481:internal carotid
473:and two from the
382:Connective tissue
302:
301:
297:
212:greater occipital
112:
111:
104:
16:(Redirected from
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1207:
1138:Vertebral column
940:
933:
926:
917:
781:Trichotillomania
758:Scalp conditions
698:All the current
644:frontalis muscle
606:trigeminal nerve
592:trigeminal nerve
567:trigeminal nerve
512:occipital artery
475:internal carotid
471:external carotid
424:
397:frontalis muscle
294:edit on Wikidata
224:auriculotemporal
216:lesser occipital
138:
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82:this article by
73:inline citations
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875:Scalp reduction
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737:Epidermoid cyst
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532:Venous drainage
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829:of the face.
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92:February 2024
85:
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55:
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33:
19:
1087:Adam's apple
1063:
851:
824:
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709:
697:
688:
679:
665:
637:
632:
628:
624:
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616:
612:
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549:
546:Nerve supply
541:
537:
531:
530:
526:
468:
465:Blood supply
435:neurosurgery
422:collagen III
403:posteriorly.
360:
305:
303:
256:
208:supraorbital
164:supraorbital
98:
89:
78:Please help
70:
835:finasteride
799:Trichodynia
652:occipitalis
429:(GAGs). In
401:occipitalis
393:Aponeurosis
246:Identifiers
84:introducing
1370:Categories
1254:Fingernail
882:References
827:aesthetics
793:Cradle cap
747:Pilar cyst
458:craniotomy
454:periosteum
418:collagen I
330:trichology
314:epicranium
18:Scalp hair
1170:Genitalia
847:brow lift
839:minoxidil
676:Infection
600:from the
586:from the
561:from the
420:bundles,
365:'SCALP':
336:Structure
310:head hair
236:Occipital
192:occipital
172:occipital
1299:Buttocks
1219:Shoulder
1054:Mandible
987:Forehead
863:See also
853:Scalping
764:Dandruff
704:surgical
557:and the
439:scalping
363:mnemonic
142:meninges
1344:Toenail
1234:Forearm
1180:Scrotum
1126:Midriff
1116:Abdomen
1109:(Trunk)
1059:Occiput
1002:Eyebrow
905:lesson1
718:Disease
604:of the
590:of the
565:of the
447:cranium
416:random
318:cranium
269:D012535
257:scalpus
240:mastoid
149:Details
80:improve
1279:Little
1269:Middle
1249:Finger
1224:Axilla
1165:Pelvis
1158:Nipple
1153:Breast
1148:Thorax
1092:Throat
1069:Temple
1032:Tongue
1012:Eyelid
857:trophy
843:ageing
685:Injury
412:matrix
357:Layers
155:Artery
1376:Scalp
1329:Ankle
1309:Thigh
1264:Index
1259:Thumb
1239:Wrist
1229:Elbow
1202:Limbs
1185:Vulva
1175:Penis
1131:Navel
1121:Waist
1107:Torso
1064:Scalp
1037:Tooth
1022:Mouth
992:Cheek
809:Favus
306:scalp
292:[
281:46494
252:Latin
231:Lymph
199:Nerve
128:Scalp
117:Scalp
65:, or
1349:Sole
1334:Heel
1324:Foot
1319:Calf
1314:Knee
1274:Ring
1244:Hand
1192:Anus
1143:Back
1097:Nape
1079:Neck
1017:Nose
997:Chin
982:Face
977:Hair
969:Head
961:Skin
955:Body
517:the
510:the
503:the
491:the
484:the
433:and
371:Skin
326:neck
322:face
304:The
264:MeSH
179:Vein
1339:Toe
1304:Hip
1291:Leg
1211:Arm
1049:Jaw
1044:Ear
1027:Lip
1007:Eye
406:L:
391:A:
386:fat
380:C:
369:S:
276:FMA
1372::
837:,
658:.
477::
460:).
332:.
238:,
222:,
218:,
214:,
210:,
206:,
190:,
186:,
170:,
166:,
162:,
69:,
61:,
939:e
932:t
925:v
633:S
629:S
625:A
621:L
617:G
613:Z
449:.
296:]
105:)
99:(
94:)
90:(
76:.
41:.
34:.
20:)
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