401:
78:
337:
359:
Mie theory can describe how electromagnetic waves interact with homogeneously spherical particles. However, a theory for homogeneous spheres will completely fail to predict polarization effects. When the size of the molecules is greater than the wavelength of light, the result is a non-uniform
97:, which may be constructed from a sandwich of different layers of semiconductor. Variations in the thickness of these layers therefore causes the energy of particles to be dependent on their in-plane location in the layer. Classification of the roughness at a given position,
189:
392:
orientation is represented equally in a powdered sample. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) operates under the assumption that the sample is randomly arranged such that each plane will be represented in the
369:
This type of scattering occurs when a surface has microscopic irregularities that scatter light perfectly uniformly in all directions, causing it to appear equally bright from all viewing angles.
513:
Konan, N.A., Kannengieser, O., Simonin, O. (2009) "Stochastic modeling of the multiple rebound effects for particle-rough wall collisions" International
Journal of Multiphase Flow 35(10), 933β945
133:
608:"A model for estimating bulk refractive index from the optical backscattering ratio and the implications for understanding particle composition in case I and case II waters"
66:
332:{\displaystyle \langle \Delta _{z}(\mathbf {r} )\Delta _{z}(\mathbf {r'} )\rangle =\Delta ^{2}\exp \left(-{\frac {|\mathbf {r} -\mathbf {r'} |^{2}}{\Lambda ^{2}}}\right)}
181:
161:
37:
of particles against a rough solid surface or imperfect interface between two different materials. This effect has been observed in classical systems, such as
444:
Sommerfeld, M., Huber, N. (1999) "Experimental analysis and modelling of particle-wall collisions." International
Journal of Multiphase Flow 25(6), 1457β1489
93:
systems, in which the energies for charge carriers are determined by the locations of interfaces. An example of such a system is a
557:
Sakaki, H.; Noda, T.; Hirakawa, K.; Tanaka, M.; Matsusue, T. (1987), "Interface roughness scattering in GaAs/AlAs quantum wells",
378:
This type of scattering occurs when light scatters within a material before exiting the surface at a different point.
523:
Prange, R. E.; Nee, Tsu-Wei (1968), "Quantum
Spectroscopy of the Low-Field Oscillations in the Surface Impedance",
100:
46:
594:
Refractive indices and morphologies of aquatic particles. Light
Scattering by Particles in Water, 447β558.
364:
50:
373:
136:
607:
622:
566:
532:
481:
654:
90:
62:
497:
471:
383:
86:
17:
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31:
146:
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574:
540:
489:
140:
42:
626:
570:
536:
485:
81:
The energy of charged particles in a quantum well is strongly affected by its thickness.
353:
454:
Valavanis, A.; IkoniΔ, Z.; Kelsall, R. W. (2008), "Intersubband carrier scattering in
400:
648:
501:
69:
governing the incoming particles, leading to net momentum loss of the particle flux.
38:
94:
77:
389:
493:
34:
65:
framework, a rough surface, such as a machined metal surface, randomizes the
544:
634:
350:
In selective
Scattering scattering depends upon the wavelength of light.
139:
by some researchers This assumption may be formulated in terms of the
135:, is complex, but as in the classical models, it has been modeled as a
579:
476:
76:
395:
412:
192:
169:
149:
103:
331:
175:
155:
127:
462:βSi/SiGe quantum wells with diffuse interfaces",
89:framework, this scattering is most noticeable in
45:, where it arises electronic devices, such as
8:
388:: This type of scattering occurs when every
243:
193:
592:Jonasz, M., & Fournier, G. R. (2007).
606:Twardowski; et al. (July 15, 2001).
578:
475:
316:
305:
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289:
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276:
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128:{\displaystyle \Delta _{z}(\mathbf {r} )}
117:
108:
102:
437:
143:for some given characteristic height,
7:
596:doi:10.1016/b978-012388751-1/50006-5
382:Isotropic crystal scattering (aka
313:
250:
218:
197:
170:
150:
105:
14:
67:probability distribution function
637:– via University Of Maine.
399:
291:
282:
232:
210:
118:
615:Journal of Geophysical Research
301:
277:
240:
227:
214:
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122:
114:
28:interface roughness scattering
1:
16:For scattering of light, see
24:Surface roughness scattering
348:Selective Scattering :
671:
494:10.1103/PhysRevB.77.075312
163:, and correlation length,
15:
176:{\displaystyle \Lambda }
47:field effect transistors
559:Applied Physics Letters
545:10.1103/PhysRev.168.779
156:{\displaystyle \Delta }
41:scattering, as well as
333:
177:
157:
129:
82:
51:quantum cascade lasers
374:Subsurface Scattering
365:Lambertian Scattering
360:scattering of light.
334:
178:
158:
137:Gaussian distribution
130:
80:
57:Classical description
635:10.1029/2000JC000404
190:
167:
147:
101:
627:2001JGR...10614129T
621:(C7): 14129β14142.
571:1987ApPhL..51.1934S
537:1968PhRv..168..779P
486:2008PhRvB..77g5312V
343:Types of Scattering
73:Quantum description
63:classical mechanics
411:. You can help by
384:powder diffraction
329:
173:
153:
125:
87:quantum mechanical
83:
18:Diffuse reflection
565:(23): 1934β1936,
464:Physical Review B
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141:ensemble average
134:
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126:
121:
113:
112:
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580:10.1063/1.98305
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525:Physical Review
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521:
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419:
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409:needs expansion
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43:quantum systems
21:
12:
11:
5:
668:
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658:
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549:
531:(3): 779β786,
515:
506:
446:
436:
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430:
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426:
406:
404:
354:Mie scattering
344:
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487:
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478:
473:
470:(7): 075312,
469:
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457:
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447:
441:
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423:
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410:
407:This section
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109:
96:
92:
88:
79:
72:
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68:
64:
56:
54:
52:
48:
44:
40:
39:microparticle
36:
33:
29:
25:
19:
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614:
601:
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588:
562:
558:
552:
528:
524:
518:
509:
467:
463:
459:
455:
449:
440:
417:
413:adding to it
408:
381:
380:
372:
371:
363:
362:
356:
352:
347:
346:
183:, such that
95:quantum well
84:
60:
27:
23:
22:
390:crystalline
655:Scattering
35:scattering
502:118781380
477:0908.0552
420:June 2008
314:Λ
287:−
271:−
263:
251:Δ
244:⟩
219:Δ
198:Δ
194:⟨
171:Λ
151:Δ
106:Δ
649:Category
295:′
236:′
91:confined
623:Bibcode
567:Bibcode
533:Bibcode
482:Bibcode
393:signal.
357: :
85:In the
61:In the
32:elastic
30:is the
500:
458:- and
611:(PDF)
498:S2CID
472:arXiv
432:Notes
49:and
631:doi
619:106
575:doi
541:doi
529:168
490:doi
415:.
260:exp
26:or
651::
629:.
617:.
613:.
573:,
563:51
561:,
539:,
527:,
496:,
488:,
480:,
468:77
466:,
53:.
633::
625::
577::
569::
543::
535::
492::
484::
474::
460:p
456:n
422:)
418:(
386:)
376::
367::
326:)
318:2
307:2
302:|
292:r
283:r
278:|
267:(
255:2
247:=
241:)
233:r
228:(
223:z
215:)
211:r
207:(
202:z
123:)
119:r
115:(
110:z
20:.
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