30:
530:. An earlier variation called Futurcasting was used by government to provide a tool to influence the direction of society and politics. It did this by using stories about possible futures as a medium to engage the population in conversations about futures they would like to encourage or avoid. Science Fiction Prototyping is also being used in business environments. For example, in
456:
or, for example, by writers, film/stage directors, school children and members of the public to influence the work of professionals. In this way these stories act as a way of involving the widest section of the population to help set the research agenda. Johnson advocates the following five step process for writing
Science Fiction Prototypes:
476:
Full
Science Fiction Prototypes are about 6โ12 pages long, with a popular structure being: an introduction, background work, the fictional story (the bulk of the SFP), a short summary and a summary (reflection). Most often science fiction prototypes extrapolate current science forward and, therefore,
455:
stories, grounded in existing practice which are written for the explicit purpose of acting as prototypes for people to explore a wide variety of futures. These 'science fiction prototypes' (SFPs) can be created by scientists, engineers, business or socio-political professionals to stretch their work
426:
which became the first
Science Fiction Prototype to be commercialised (by Immersive Displays Ltd, ImmersaVU). In 2011, a second Science Fiction Prototyping workshop was held in Nottingham (UK), Creative Science 2011, in which Intel made the first documentary about this methodology. Shortly afterwards
546:(Taiwan), it is used to increase business school students' interests in science and technology for business innovation. Elsewhere the Business Schools of the universities of Leeds and Manchester (UK) are exploring its use in community development projects. Finally, it is being applied to
837:โ, United Nations World Urban Forum (Habitat) โCities: Crossroads of Cultures, Inclusiveness and Integration?โ within the IRFD Theme: โThe Role of Cities in an Information Ageโ on 13โ17 September 2004, Barcelona, Spain (later reproduced in V. Callaghan, G. Clarke, J. Chin, [
377:
working on the challenge his company faced anticipating the market needs for integrated circuits at the end of their 7โ10 years design and production cycle. The roots for
Science Fiction Prototyping can be traced back to two papers, the first by Callaghan et-al
505:
immersive education desk) both of which were introduced in the previous section. Beyond product innovation, science fiction prototyping finds itself being applied to many diverse areas. For example, at the
574:(China) are exploring the potential for Science Fiction Prototyping to overcome the dullness that some science students experience in language learning by using it as an integrated platform for teaching
410:
as a vehicle to promote and support the use of
Science Fiction Prototyping and its derivatives. The first public Science Fiction Prototyping event was Creative Science 2010 (not to be confused with
841:"Some Socio-Technical Aspects Of Intelligent Buildings and Pervasive Computing Research".Intelligent Buildings International Journal, Earthscan Journals, Vol 1 No 1, Jan 2009, ISSN 1750-8975)
510:(USA) they have used it to facilitate broader contextual and societal thinking about computers, computer security risks, and security defense as part of an optional senior-level course in
382:โ, presented at the 2004 United Nations World Urban Forum which used short stories as a means to convey potential future threats of technology to society and the second, by Egerton et-al "
431:
was formed as an umbrella organisation to manage
Science Fiction Prototyping activity, leading to a proliferation of events and publications; a more detailed account is provided on the
477:
include a set of references at the end. Such prototypes can take several days to write and for situations where ideas need to be generated faster (e.g. meetings), the concept of
851:
559:
443:
The core methodology is the use of creative arts as a means to introduce innovations into science, engineering, business and socio-political systems. It doesn't aim to
578:, combining language and science learning. China is also concerned to improve the creative and innovation capabilities of their graduate which this approach supports.
555:
566:, they have identified a novel use for the methodology to address the mandatory requirement for all science and engineering students to take a course in
325:
567:
861:
983:"Science Fiction Prototyping and Security Education: Cultivating Contextual and Societal Thinking in Computer Security Education and Beyond"
642:
531:
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is used. Generally, ฮผSFP are the size of a
Twitter or Text message, being around 25โ30 words (140โ160 characters in standard English).
274:
791:
687:
1005:"Drones, smart hydrants considered by experts looking at future of firefighting". Colorado Springs Gazette. Retrieved 2017-02-21.
349:
to describe and explore the implications of futuristic technologies and the social structures enabled by them. Similar terms are
519:
1157:
1016:
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activities (creating new concepts, schemes, services and products). The main (but not exclusive) methodology is the use of
387:
89:
1064:", Transactions of Future Educational Environments (European Alliance for Innovation Endorsed Transactions), Fall 2015
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the future, rather it focuses on inventing or innovating the future by extrapolating forward trends from research or
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318:
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37:
131:
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Using
Science Fiction Prototyping to Decrease the Decline of Interest in STEM Topics at the High School Level
838:
493:, in which the two earliest examples are Intel's 21st Century Robot (an open innovation project to develop a
571:
269:
159:
79:
982:
250:
96:
853:
Using
Multiple Personas in Service Robots to Improve Exploration Strategies When Mapping New Environments
664:"Science Fiction Prototypes Or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying about the Future and Love Science Fiction"
384:
Using
Multiple Personas In Service Robots To Improve Exploration Strategies When Mapping New Environments
811:
246:
174:
69:
1075:
Using Science-fiction Prototyping as a Means to Motivate Learning of STEM Topics and Foreign Languages
663:
1103:
725:
1147:
1142:
498:
299:
46:
1017:"Imagination workshops: An empirical exploration of SFP for technology-based business innovation"
856:, 4th International Conference on Intelligent Environments, 2008 IET, pp 1 โ 5, 21โ22 July 2008,
627:
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on 19 July 2010. This event was also significant as it included the Science Fiction Prototype
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714:"Science and Culture: "Design fiction" skirts reality to provoke discussion and debate"
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1077:", Intelligent Environments 2014, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China, 2โ4 July 2014
971:", Intelligent Environments 2014, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China, 2โ4 July 2014
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they have explored it as a means for motivating pre-university students to take up
415:
402:, which went on to become a series of stories that eventually morphed into Intel's
196:
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Science fiction prototyping has a number of applications. The most obvious is for
398:
which inspired Brian David Johnson to write the first Science Fiction Prototype,
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Pervasive Computing and Urban Development: Issues for the individual and Society
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Pervasive Computing and Urban Development: Issues for the individual and Society
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The idea was introduced by Brian David Johnson in 2010 who, at the time, was a
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919:, Creative Science 2010 (CS'10), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 19th of July 2010.
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http://victor.callaghan.info/publications/2009_IB09(SomeSocialAspects).pdf
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116:
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Science Fiction Prototyping: Designing the Future with Science Fiction
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691:
563:
514:. In 2014, these ideas were refined into a SFP methodology called
374:
688:"Science Fiction Prototyping at the Creative Science Foundation"
534:(UK) Business School it is being used as a vehicle to introduce
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project. Together Johnson, Callaghan and Egerton formed the
981:
Kohno, Tadayoshi; Johnson, Brian David (9โ12 March 2011).
969:Using mixed-reality to develop smart environments
718:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
466:Consider ramifications of the Science on People
901:(CS'10), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 19 July 2010
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8:
556:Department of Learning Design and Technology
326:
312:
17:
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562:studies and careers. Further afield, in
463:Identify the Scientific Inflection Point
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479:micro science fiction prototypes (ฮผSFP)
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144:
36:
20:
782:Johnson, Brian David (20 April 2011).
460:Pick Your Science and Build Your World
7:
956:Creative Science Foundation History
643:Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking
532:Canterbury Christ Church University
469:Identify the Human Inflection Point
433:Science Fiction Prototyping History
945:, Nottingham, UK,, 25โ26 July 2011
526:, and the Army Cyber Institute at
518:with early adopters including the
14:
28:
1092:"Learn to tell science stories"
831:Callaghan V, Clarke G, Chin J โ
520:United States Air Force Academy
345:) refers to the idea of using
1:
1102:(7695): 141โ2. 7 March 2018.
1036:10.1016/j.futures.2013.03.009
808:"Science Fiction Prototyping"
472:Reflect on what Did We Learn?
712:Adam, David (16 June 2020).
528:West Point Military Academy
429:Creative Science Foundation
408:Creative Science Foundation
339:Science fiction prototyping
285:Science fiction prototyping
217:Reference class forecasting
1174:
1117:10.1038/d41586-018-02740-5
888:21st Century Robot Project
552:San-Diego State University
544:National Taiwan University
786:. Morgan & Claypool.
967:Anasol PEรA-RIOS et-al "
928:Immersive Displays Ltd,
623:Category:Futures studies
588:Creative problem-solving
524:Government of California
508:University of Washington
57:Global catastrophic risk
739:10.1073/pnas.2008206117
572:Shijiazhuang University
270:Exploratory engineering
160:Causal layered analysis
850:Simon Egerton et-al "
662:Johnson, Brian David.
97:Historical materialism
1158:Technology assessment
1015:Wu, Hsuan-Yi (2013).
942:Creative Science 2011
899:Creative Science 2010
875:"Nebulous Mechanisms"
812:IEEE Computer Society
175:Cross impact analysis
1060:Mary de Lepe et-al "
365:History and progress
1108:2018Natur.555Q.141.
1051:Innovation Workshop
730:2020PNAS..11713179A
724:(24): 13179โ13181.
400:Nebulous Mechanisms
392:irrational thinking
300:Technology scouting
47:Accelerating change
628:Futures techniques
613:Divergent thinking
550:. For example, in
499:Essex University's
491:product innovation
404:21st Century Robot
355:speculative design
290:Speculative design
170:Consensus forecast
165:Chain-linked model
127:Resource depletion
913:Victor Callaghan
862:978-0-86341-894-5
536:creative thinking
512:computer security
388:multiple personas
336:
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222:Scenario planning
85:Space exploration
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633:Lateral thinking
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576:Computer English
570:. In particular
568:English language
542:courses. In the
540:entrepreneurship
424:Tales From a Pod
412:Creation Science
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227:Systems analysis
212:Horizon scanning
185:Real-time Delphi
122:Population cycle
52:Cashless society
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396:humanoid robots
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359:critical design
347:science fiction
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260:Critical design
207:Future workshop
107:Kardashev scale
102:Kondratiev wave
22:Futures studies
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878:, Omedia, 2011
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485:Applications
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416:Kuala Lumpur
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197:Future-proof
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439:Methodology
435:web pages.
414:), held in
251:forecasting
245:Technology
155:Backcasting
132:Singularity
112:Moore's law
70:Mathematics
1148:Creativity
1143:Innovation
1137:Categories
649:References
598:Creativity
280:Hype cycle
247:assessment
146:Techniques
1030:: 44โ55.
930:ImmersaVU
748:0027-8424
548:Education
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817:17 April
766:32461354
697:17 April
672:17 April
582:See also
445:forecast
420:Malaysia
371:futurist
117:Peak oil
90:Universe
38:Concepts
1104:Bibcode
1024:Futures
757:7306760
726:Bibcode
80:Climate
61:Future
1153:Design
1124:
1096:Nature
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790:
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554:(USA)
522:, the
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357:, and
180:Delphi
1020:(PDF)
986:(PDF)
692:Intel
667:(PDF)
564:China
375:Intel
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1122:PMID
993:2014
858:ISBN
819:2014
788:ISBN
762:PMID
744:ISSN
699:2014
674:2014
560:STEM
427:the
394:for
390:and
249:and
75:Race
1112:doi
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752:PMC
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