264:, Daniel Sundin, James Reno, Marc D’Souza, and Kristy Ross. The Complaint also listed Maurice D’Souza as a Relief Defendant, alleged that he held proceeds of wrongful conduct but not accusing him of violating any law. The FTC alleged that the other Defendants violated the FTC Act by deceptively marketing software, including WinFixer, WinAntivirus, DriveCleaner, ErrorSafe, and XP Antivirus. According to the complaint, the Defendants falsely represented that scans of a consumer's computer showed that it had been compromised or infected and then offered to sell software to fix the alleged problems.
184:), and claiming that some kind of spyware has infected the user's computer and that the scareware application will help to remove the infection. In some cases, scareware trojans have replaced the desktop of the victim with large, yellow text reading "Warning! You have spyware!" or a box containing similar text, and have even forced the screensaver to change to "bugs" crawling across the screen. Winwebsec is the term usually used to address the malware that attacks the users of Windows operating system and produces fake claims similar to that of genuine anti-malware software.
42:
1341:
252:
scareware. The lawsuit alleges that the company sent incessant pop-ups resembling system warnings to consumers' personal computers stating "CRITICAL ERROR MESSAGE! - REGISTRY DAMAGED AND CORRUPTED", before instructing users to visit a web site to download
Registry Cleaner XP at a cost of $ 39.95.
135:
Some scareware is not affiliated with any other installed programs. A user can encounter a pop-up on a website indicating that their PC is infected. In some scenarios, it is possible to become infected with scareware even if the user attempts to cancel the notification. These popups are specially
127:
Some websites display pop-up advertisement windows or banners with text such as: "Your computer may be infected with harmful spyware programs. Immediate removal may be required. To scan, click 'Yes' below." These websites can go as far as saying that a user's job, career, or marriage would be at
160:
Research by Google discovered that scareware was using some of its servers to check for internet connectivity. The data suggested that up to a million machines were infected with scareware. The company has placed a warning in the search results for users whose computers appear to be infected.
123:
software. This class of program tries to increase its perceived value by bombarding the user with constant warning messages that do not increase its effectiveness in any way. Software is packaged with a look and feel that mimics legitimate security software in order to deceive consumers.
936:
the
Washington attorney general (AG) has also brought lawsuits against companies such as Securelink Networks and High Falls Media, and the makers of a product called QuickShield, all of whom were accused of marketing their products using deceptive techniques such as fake alert
313:
folder. When this process is complete, a message is slowly typed on screen saying "Thank God this is only a game." A screen with the purchase information appears on screen and then returns to the desktop. No damage is done to the computer during the
210:. Since antivirus programs typically include protection against being tampered with or disabled by other software, scareware may use social engineering to convince the user to disable programs which would otherwise prevent the malware from working.
288:
computer (Fish #448) in 1991. When NightMare executes, it lies dormant for an extended and random period of time, finally changing the entire screen of the computer to an image of a skull while playing a horrifying shriek on the audio
115:
Internet security writers use the term "scareware" to describe software products that produce frivolous and alarming warnings or threat notices, most typically for fictitious or useless commercial
894:
104:, the number of scareware packages in circulation rose from 2,850 to 9,287 in the second half of 2008. In the first half of 2009, the APWG identified a 585% increase in scareware programs.
658:
164:
Another example of scareware is Smart
Fortress. This site scares the victim into thinking they have many viruses on their computer and asks them to buy a professional service.
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attacks with enhanced resilience. This approach targets the visual images presented to end users, which is a layer that attackers cannot easily obscure.
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230:) for $ 1 million over charges of using scareware pop-ups. Washington's attorney general has also brought lawsuits against Securelink Networks,
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Another type of scareware involves software designed to literally scare the user through the use of unanticipated shocking images, sounds or video.
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Another approach is to trick users into uninstalling legitimate antivirus software, such as
Microsoft Security Essentials, or disabling their
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763:
520:
260:("FTC") filed a Complaint in federal court against Innovative Marketing, Inc., ByteHosting Internet Services, LLC, as well as individuals
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saying "Erase everything on hard drive?" with two buttons, both labeled "OK". Regardless of which button is chosen, nothing is destroyed.
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Anxiety-based scareware puts users in situations where there are no positive outcomes. For example, a small program can present a
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309:. When the file is run, a full screen representation of the desktop appears. The software then begins simulating deletion of the
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exemplifies spyware and scareware: it purports to remove spyware, but is actually a piece of spyware itself, often accompanying
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found 11,000 domains hosting fake anti-virus software, accounting for 50% of all malware delivered via internet advertising.
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risk. Products with advertisements such as these are often considered scareware. Serious scareware applications qualify as
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The "scareware" label can also apply to any application or virus which pranks users with intent to cause anxiety or panic.
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also qualify as scareware because they change the user's desktop background, install icons in the computer's
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887:"Attorney General's Office Sues, Settles with Washington-based SoftwareOnline.com | Washington State"
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Research in the 2020s has also introduced a new detection technology designed to identify scareware
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designed to look like they come from the user's operating system when they are actually a webpage.
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Seifert, Christian; Stokes, Jack W.; Colcernian, Christina; Platt, John C.; Lu, Long (2013).
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filed a lawsuit against two Texas firms, Branch
Software and Alpha Red, producers of the
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to remove it. Usually the virus is fictional and the software is non-functional or
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599:"The Nocebo Effect on the Web: An Analysis of Fake Anti-Virus Distribution"
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that tricks users into believing their computer is infected with a
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infections. Other antispyware scareware may be promoted using a
2226:
1807:
1217:
569:"Air France Flight 447 Search Results Lead to Rogue Antivirus"
651:"Mass 'scareware' attack hits 1.5M websites, still spreading"
1339:
1209:
Yes, that PC cleanup app you saw on TV at 3 a.m. is a waste
299:
This tactic was used in an advertisement campaign by
681:"Malicious Web attack hits a million site addresses"
234:, High Falls Media, and the makers of Quick Shield.
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513:"Scareware Mr Bigs enjoy 'low risk' crime bonanza"
146:Starting on March 29, 2011, more than 1.5 million
27:Malware designed to elicit fear, shock, or anxiety
711:"Google to Warn PC Virus Victims via Search Site"
597:Moheeb Abu Rajab and Luca Ballard (2010-04-13).
481:"Phishing Activity Trends Report: 1st Half 2009"
92:, then suggests that they download and pay for
72:(or products). Scareware is part of a class of
2238:
1819:
1229:
917:"Microsoft to sue scareware security vendors"
226:successfully sued Secure Computer (makers of
8:
452:"Scareware scammers adopt cold call tactics"
1004:"Wanted by the FBI - SHAILESHKUMAR P. JAIN"
150:around the world have been infected by the
2245:
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1826:
1812:
1804:
1236:
1222:
1214:
858:"Washington and Microsoft target spammers"
1780:Security information and event management
1154:"The Modern Rogue – Malware With a Face"
362:
2289:Timeline of computer viruses and worms
1174:
1163:
632:
621:
441:(2009-03-23). Retrieved on 2009-03-23.
1757:Host-based intrusion detection system
7:
1788:Runtime application self-protection
950:"Fighting the scourge of scareware"
748:. February 29, 2012. Archived from
202:Uninstallation of security software
25:
2554:Computer and network surveillance
1720:Security-focused operating system
1068:. Amiga-stuff.com - see DISK 448.
661:from the original on July 8, 2012
428:'Scareware' scams trick searchers
400:"Millions tricked by 'scareware'"
276:An early program of this type is
1516:Insecure direct object reference
1106:Robust scareware image detection
1770:Information security management
1204:The Case of the Unusable System
1131:from the original on 2024-04-12
1085:from the original on 2018-07-24
1041:from the original on 2012-10-16
1010:from the original on 2017-06-27
985:from the original on 2013-09-19
960:from the original on 2018-02-12
927:from the original on 2010-06-20
897:from the original on 2021-12-08
856:Etengoff, Aharon (2008-09-29).
838:from the original on 2017-08-10
746:Kaspersky Lab Technical Support
723:from the original on 2016-07-21
687:. April 1, 2011. Archived from
611:from the original on 2019-02-20
579:from the original on 2012-02-17
549:from the original on 2017-04-10
523:from the original on 2017-08-10
493:from the original on 2012-04-15
462:from the original on 2018-02-10
410:from the original on 2018-06-22
381:from the original on 2023-12-07
280:, a program distributed on the
45:An example of a scareware popup
2269:Comparison of computer viruses
783:"Scareware in SpyWareLoop.com"
256:On December 2, 2008, the U.S.
1:
2600:Social engineering (security)
2508:Data loss prevention software
1152:O’Dea, Hamish (2009-10-16).
1034:. Federal Trade Commission.
981:. Federal Trade Commission.
157:attack spread by scareware.
2109:Software release life cycle
1775:Information risk management
1696:Multi-factor authentication
1252:Related security categories
1115:10.1109/ICASSP.2013.6638192
821:filed under "Brave Sentry."
541:Carine Febre (2014-10-20).
102:Anti-Phishing Working Group
2616:
2528:Intrusion detection system
2177:Software protection dongle
2057:Unwanted software bundling
1752:Intrusion detection system
1710:Computer security software
1366:Advanced persistent threat
1194:Demonstration of scareware
781:Vincentas (11 July 2013).
567:JM Hipolito (2009-06-04).
511:John Leydon (2009-10-20).
29:
2396:Privacy-invasive software
2172:Digital rights management
1337:
1331:Digital rights management
100:itself. According to the
2050:Deceptive and/or illicit
1476:Denial-of-service attack
1371:Arbitrary code execution
371:"What is Malware? | IBM"
258:Federal Trade Commission
30:Not to be confused with
2406:Rogue security software
2202:Software license server
1686:Computer access control
1638:Rogue security software
1301:Electromagnetic warfare
347:Rogue security software
94:fake antivirus software
78:rogue security software
2442:Classic Mac OS viruses
2284:List of computer worms
1878:Freely redistributable
1732:Obfuscation (software)
1461:Browser Helper Objects
1345:
1173:Cite journal requires
1109:. pp. 2920–2924.
631:Cite journal requires
543:"Fake Warning Example"
46:
2041:Software as a service
1835:Software distribution
1727:Data-centric security
1608:Remote access trojans
1343:
1059:Contents of disk #448
1029:"D'Souza Final Order"
742:"Smart Fortress 2012"
303:in 1997 to advertise
44:
2564:Operation: Bot Roast
2132:Software maintenance
2006:Digital distribution
1861:Free and open-source
1659:Application security
1553:Privilege escalation
1421:Cross-site scripting
1274:Cybersex trafficking
1245:Information security
915:Tarun (2008-09-29).
764:"bugs on the screen"
691:on November 11, 2014
2513:Defensive computing
2430:By operating system
2137:Software maintainer
1919:Commercial software
1907:Compensation models
1306:Information warfare
1264:Automotive security
832:"theregister.co.uk"
250:Registry Cleaner XP
2498:Antivirus software
2344:Malware for profit
2315:Man-in-the-browser
2262:Infectious malware
2197:Software copyright
2187:Product activation
2142:Software publisher
1856:Floating licensing
1715:Antivirus software
1583:Social engineering
1548:Polymorphic engine
1501:Fraudulent dialers
1406:Hardware backdoors
1346:
1079:"Dark Drive Prank"
1064:2018-09-18 at the
817:2018-09-22 at the
812:spywarewarrior.com
793:on 8 November 2014
433:2017-08-10 at the
325:social engineering
232:Softwareonline.com
74:malicious software
58:social engineering
47:
2590:False advertising
2572:
2571:
2523:Internet security
2477:HyperCard viruses
2386:Keystroke logging
2376:Fraudulent dialer
2320:Man-in-the-middle
2220:
2219:
2212:Torrent poisoning
2127:Long-term support
1951:Pay what you want
1801:
1800:
1763:Anomaly detection
1668:Secure by default
1521:Keystroke loggers
1456:Drive-by download
1344:vectorial version
1311:Internet security
1259:Computer security
1124:978-1-4799-0356-6
768:Microsoft TechNet
657:. April 1, 2011.
337:Computer security
237:In October 2008,
182:Microsoft Windows
178:notification area
70:unwanted software
16:(Redirected from
2607:
2585:Types of malware
2538:Network security
2503:Browser security
2247:
2240:
2233:
2224:
2026:Product bundling
1999:Delivery methods
1898:Source-available
1828:
1821:
1814:
1805:
1672:Secure by design
1603:Hardware Trojans
1436:History sniffing
1426:Cross-site leaks
1321:Network security
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864:. Archived from
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828:
822:
809:
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802:
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789:. Archived from
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545:. Carine Febre.
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246:attorney general
224:Washington state
139:A 2010 study by
121:registry cleaner
21:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2547:Countermeasures
2542:
2533:Mobile security
2481:
2472:Palm OS viruses
2437:Android malware
2425:
2339:
2335:Zombie computer
2293:
2257:
2251:
2221:
2216:
2207:Software patent
2182:License manager
2164:Copy protection
2158:
2103:
2045:
2031:Retail software
1994:
1968:Open-core model
1924:Retail software
1902:
1837:
1832:
1802:
1797:
1647:
1347:
1335:
1326:Copy protection
1316:Mobile security
1247:
1242:
1193:
1189:
1172:
1162:
1151:
1148:
1146:Further reading
1143:
1134:
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1125:
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1072:
1066:Wayback Machine
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435:Wayback Machine
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398:
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384:
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369:
368:
364:
360:
333:
321:
306:Virus: The Game
270:
228:Spyware Cleaner
216:
204:
170:
113:
84:and other scam
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2505:
2500:
2495:
2493:Anti-keylogger
2489:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2467:Mobile malware
2464:
2459:
2454:
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2427:
2426:
2424:
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2418:
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2276:
2274:Computer virus
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2250:
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1793:Site isolation
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1691:Authentication
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1508:
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1498:
1493:
1491:Email spoofing
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1431:DOM clobbering
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1411:Code injection
1408:
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1291:Cyberterrorism
1288:
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1279:Computer fraud
1276:
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1187:External links
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1183:
1175:|journal=
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1144:
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1123:
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995:
979:"Win software"
970:
956:. 2008-10-01.
941:
907:
891:www.atg.wa.gov
878:
848:
823:
804:
773:
755:
752:on 2017-01-28.
733:
719:. 2011-07-21.
702:
672:
642:
633:|journal=
589:
559:
533:
503:
472:
458:. 2009-04-10.
443:
420:
406:. 2009-10-19.
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314:advertisement.
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269:
268:Prank software
266:
215:
212:
203:
200:
172:Some forms of
169:
166:
130:rogue software
112:
111:Scam scareware
109:
76:that includes
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24:
14:
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9:
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2463:
2460:
2458:
2457:MacOS malware
2455:
2453:
2452:Linux malware
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2371:Form grabbing
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2282:
2280:
2279:Computer worm
2277:
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2255:
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2024:
2022:
2021:Pre-installed
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
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2001:
1997:
1991:
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1893:Public domain
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1703:Authorization
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1689:
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1674:
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1664:Secure coding
1662:
1661:
1660:
1657:
1656:
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1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1633:SQL injection
1631:
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1624:
1621:
1619:
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1614:
1613:Vulnerability
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1598:Trojan horses
1596:
1594:
1593:Software bugs
1591:
1589:
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1484:
1482:
1481:Eavesdropping
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1471:Data scraping
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1441:Cryptojacking
1439:
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1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
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1186:
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1167:
1159:
1156:. Australia:
1155:
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1120:
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1099:
1096:
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996:
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945:
942:
938:
926:
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911:
908:
896:
892:
888:
882:
879:
868:on 2008-10-02
867:
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805:
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165:
162:
158:
156:
155:SQL injection
153:
149:
144:
142:
137:
133:
131:
125:
122:
118:
110:
108:
105:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
52:is a form of
51:
43:
37:
33:
19:
2410:
2330:Trojan horse
2310:Clickjacking
2093:
2082:Trojan horse
2011:File sharing
1973:Postcardware
1961:Donationware
1936:Crowdfunding
1883:License-free
1737:Data masking
1567:
1296:Cyberwarfare
1166:cite journal
1133:. Retrieved
1105:
1098:
1087:. Retrieved
1073:
1054:
1043:. Retrieved
1023:
1012:. Retrieved
998:
987:. Retrieved
973:
962:. Retrieved
953:
944:
935:
929:. Retrieved
920:
910:
899:. Retrieved
890:
881:
870:. Retrieved
866:the original
862:The Inquirer
851:
840:. Retrieved
826:
807:
795:. Retrieved
791:the original
787:Spyware Loop
786:
776:
767:
758:
750:the original
745:
736:
725:. Retrieved
714:
705:
693:. Retrieved
689:the original
684:
675:
663:. Retrieved
654:
645:
624:cite journal
613:. Retrieved
592:
581:. Retrieved
562:
551:. Retrieved
536:
525:. Retrieved
517:The Register
516:
506:
495:. Retrieved
475:
464:. Retrieved
456:The Register
455:
446:
423:
412:. Retrieved
403:
394:
383:. Retrieved
374:
365:
322:
304:
271:
255:
236:
217:
214:Legal action
205:
186:
171:
163:
159:
145:
138:
134:
126:
114:
106:
49:
48:
2462:Macro virus
2447:iOS malware
2421:Web threats
2381:Infostealer
2298:Concealment
2192:Product key
2122:End-of-life
2117:Abandonware
2067:Infostealer
2016:On-premises
1931:Crippleware
1888:Proprietary
1871:Open source
1677:Misuse case
1511:Infostealer
1486:Email fraud
1451:Data breach
1286:Cybergeddon
685:Reuters.com
655:On Deadline
573:Trend Micro
375:www.ibm.com
56:which uses
2595:Cybercrime
2579:Categories
2486:Protection
2401:Ransomware
2366:Fleeceware
2099:Shovelware
2072:Ransomware
2036:Sneakernet
1742:Encryption
1618:Web shells
1558:Ransomware
1506:Hacktivism
1269:Cybercrime
1135:2024-02-09
1089:2010-02-18
1045:2012-03-15
1014:2016-07-28
989:2012-03-15
964:2008-10-02
931:2009-09-24
901:2021-12-21
872:2008-10-04
842:2017-08-10
727:2011-07-22
615:2010-11-18
583:2009-06-06
553:2014-11-21
527:2009-10-21
497:2009-10-05
466:2009-04-12
414:2009-10-20
385:2023-12-06
342:Ransomware
294:dialog box
282:Fish Disks
243:Washington
188:SpySheriff
82:ransomware
18:Screamware
2411:Scareware
2361:Crimeware
2147:Vaporware
2094:Scareware
1990:Trialware
1978:Shareware
1573:Shellcode
1568:Scareware
1416:Crimeware
1376:Backdoors
1158:Microsoft
937:messages.
921:Lunarsoft
319:Detection
289:channels.
278:NightMare
239:Microsoft
220:Microsoft
218:In 2005,
192:SmitFraud
148:web sites
60:to cause
50:Scareware
36:Shareware
2559:Honeypot
2518:Firewall
2305:Backdoor
1956:Careware
1946:Freeware
1941:Freemium
1851:Beerware
1843:Licenses
1747:Firewall
1652:Defenses
1578:Spamming
1563:Rootkits
1536:Phishing
1496:Exploits
1129:Archived
1083:Archived
1062:Archived
1036:Archived
1008:Archived
983:Archived
958:Archived
954:BBC News
925:Archived
895:Archived
836:Archived
815:Archived
721:Archived
716:BBC News
665:April 2,
659:Archived
606:Archived
577:Archived
547:Archived
521:Archived
488:Archived
460:Archived
439:BBC News
431:Archived
408:Archived
404:BBC News
379:Archived
352:Tapsnake
331:See also
301:Sir-Tech
284:for the
262:Sam Jain
241:and the
208:firewall
196:phishing
152:LizaMoon
117:firewall
86:software
32:Careware
2416:Spyware
2325:Rootkit
2254:Malware
2077:Spyware
2062:Malware
1983:Nagware
1588:Spyware
1531:Payload
1526:Malware
1466:Viruses
1446:Botnets
1353:Threats
1199:YouTube
1006:. FBI.
797:27 July
695:July 1,
311:Windows
180:(under
174:spyware
168:Spyware
98:malware
66:anxiety
54:malware
2391:Malbot
2356:Botnet
2351:Adware
2256:topics
1914:Adware
1782:(SIEM)
1759:(HIDS)
1643:Zombie
1380:Bombs
1361:Adware
1121:
198:scam.
141:Google
1628:Worms
1623:Wiper
1541:Voice
1389:Logic
1039:(PDF)
1032:(PDF)
609:(PDF)
602:(PDF)
491:(PDF)
484:(PDF)
358:Notes
286:Amiga
90:virus
62:shock
2152:list
2087:Worm
1866:Free
1394:Time
1384:Fork
1179:help
1119:ISBN
799:2013
697:2017
667:2011
637:help
222:and
119:and
1399:Zip
1197:on
1111:doi
34:or
2581::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
