1854:
the morning of 3 June, 16 24-pound cannons and four howitzers were emplaced against the Castle. Earlier, a battery was set up against San
Cristobal but it proved to be ineffective because it was 1,200 yards (1,097 m) away. Wool packs, eight-gun and five-gun batteries were finally established 450 yards (411 m) from San Cristobal with a four-gun support battery right behind. The guns began battering Badajoz on 3 June and silenced the guns of San Cristobal. That day, the French knocked out one gun, but four more were out of action because of defects in the siege guns. The ancient pieces tended to droop at the muzzle if fired too quickly, often blew out their vents, or shook their old carriages to pieces. On the 4th, the French put a second gun out of action near the Castle, but two more were disabled by muzzle drooping and three howitzers had their carriages damaged by their own firing. On the north side, two cannons and two howitzers went out of commission because of similar problems. The bombardment continued through 5 and 6 June. The Castle proved very resistant to artillery fire but the San Cristobal fort showed considerable damage.
50:
1554:
189:
140:
1761:
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438. On 11 April, a five-gun battery opened fire on the fort, but during the day four of its guns were put out of action by accurate French fire. By this time, six of the nine available engineers were casualties. A second battery was brought into action the next morning, but it was soon silenced. Shortly afterward, news arrived that Soult was rapidly approaching with an army of relief. Beresford ordered his troops to La
Albuera to resist Soult's advance and sent the siege guns back to Elvas. The gabions were set on fire to deny the materials to the French. British losses in the failed siege numbered 533, nearly all in Kemmis' brigade, plus 200 Portuguese.
1306:
1875:
opened a heavy fire as soon as the attackers appeared. The major commanding the column and the ranking engineer lieutenant were both killed at once. The attackers put up their 16 ladders but most of the men were shot down. The few who managed to reach the top were bayonetted by courageous groups of
Frenchmen who charged down the breach. After fifty minutes, most of the ladders were smashed and the Allied survivors fled back to their trenches. The attackers lost 54 through being killed, 81 being wounded, and four being captured.
1627:
216:
204:
155:
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1862:. The rest of the storming party poured into the ditch and tried to mount the wall. But the wall was 20 feet (6 m) high while their ladders were only 15 feet (5 m) long. Led by Captain Chauvin of the 88th Line, the defenders directed musketry at their attackers and rolled fuzed shells into the ditch. After an hour of futile effort, the Allied troops retreated with losses of 12 dead and 80 wounded. The French only lost one killed and five wounded in the affray.
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223:
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1623:, "The walls of Elvas were a perfect museum of ancient artillery..." Some of the cannons that Dickson used had dates of 1620, 1636, 1646, and 1652 on their breeches. Even the pieces from the early 1700s were of an obsolete pattern. Most of the gunners were Portuguese, many only half trained. These were later supplemented by the personnel from British artillery batteries stationed at Lisbon in the companies of Captains Baynes, Bredin, Glubb, and Raynsford.
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1428:. The Spanish lost 850 killed and wounded plus 4,000 men, 17 guns, and 6 colors captured. French casualties only numbered 403. Turning to the siege, Soult forced a surrender on 11 March. The 4,340-man Spanish garrison plus 2,000 fugitives from the Battle of the Gebora lost about 1,000 killed and wounded while the rest became prisoners. The French sustained 1,900 casualties in the siege.
1674:
Picurina fort, good progress was made, and a 10-gun battery was installed by the 11th. However, it was found almost impossible to dig trenches in front of San
Cristobal because there was bedrock under a thin layer of topsoil. What little work could be done during the night had to be abandoned under deadly French fire during the day. Since trenches were out of the question, wooden
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1498:'s cavalry. If he could have invested Badajoz at the end of March, Beresford might have found the defenses of the fortress in poor shape. However, problems arose to delay the operation until the French effected repairs. First, the 4th Division was immobilized by a lack of shoes and had to wait for a new shipment from
1541:(Olivença). Unaware that Olivenza had such a weak garrison, the Allies laid siege to it on 9 April. The place fell on the 14th after six Portuguese 24-pound cannons blasted a breach in the walls. The same week, Beresford was joined by a Spanish force numbering 3,000 infantry and 1,000 cavalry under General
1878:
On 10 June, a truce was agreed so that the Allies could recover their many wounded. During this lull, the defenders of San
Cristobal repaired their defenses. Even so, Philippon's situation was critical. The Allied guns had breached the Castle and the French commander was compelled to put his garrison
1711:
killed. However, since Soult reported only 262 officer losses while a more reliable source counted 362, the true figure may be as high as 7,900 killed, wounded, and captured. Allied losses numbered 5,904 including 1,359 Spaniards. Colborne's brigade lost five colors after being ridden down by the 1st
1390:
was fought on 16 May. Though both sides suffered horrific casualties, Beresford emerged the victor and Soult retreated to the east. Wellington brought reinforcements from the north and resumed the siege, but progress was slow in the face of spirited French resistance. Meanwhile, Masséna's replacement
1853:
During the night of the 30th, the first parallel was successfully started at a distance of 800 yards (732 m) from the Castle. Across the river, gabions were set up opposite San
Cristobal and earth was brought up to fill them, but they were obliterated by French artillery fire in the morning. By
1780:
7th
Division invested the north side. Two days later, Picton's 3rd Division joined Hamilton's Portuguese south of the river. For the second leaguer, Dickson collected a siege train of 46 artillery pieces, 30 24-pound cannons, four 16-pound cannons, four 10-inch howitzers, and eight 8-inch howitzers.
1658:
troops available. In case Soult tried to relieve
Badajoz, Wellington arranged for as many as 15,000 Spanish troops to be ready to help. On 5 May Dickson reported that the siege train was finally ready. The next day, Beresford invested Badajoz south of the Guadiana with Alten's brigade, Major General
1518:
improvised a bridge, but it was immediately washed out by a flood on 4 April. A battalion was ferried across on the 5th, and starting on 6 April, the Allied corps began slowly filing across the
Guadiana on a rickety structure. Luckily, for the Allies, the French did not contest the crossing. Mortier
1419:
in a two-week siege that ended on 23 January. The French seized 4,161 Spanish prisoners and 18 guns for an admitted loss of only 15 killed and 40 wounded. On 27 January, Soult's army invested
Badajoz. Despite the interference of a 15,000-man Spanish relief army, the results were all the French could
1907:
was broken up and its battalions ordered to join Soult's army. With surprising speed, Marmont marched for the south also. When he discovered his opponent on the move, Spencer transferred his corps to the south and joined Wellington at Elvas on 17 June. Marmont, d'Erlon, and Soult combined forces at
1874:
On 9 June 1811 at 9:00 PM, Houston launched his second assault on San Cristobal. The storming party consisted of 400 soldiers from Sontag's brigade and the 17th Portuguese Line. It was supported by 100 sharpshooters who were ordered to shoot at any Frenchman who appeared at the breaches. The French
1870:
at the breach all night long. Despite losses, the French successfully carried out the necessary work. Since an assault on the Castle would have to cross at least 600 yards (549 m) of open ground and wade the Rivillas stream, the engineers decided that an attack would be hopeless. On the other
1772:
arrived to take over the covering force, the 2nd and 4th Divisions plus Alten's brigade and Lumley's cavalry, approximately 10,000 men. Wellington personally took charge of the siege corps, which consisted of the 3rd and 7th Divisions and Hamilton's division. These troops numbered 14,000 including
1746:
in charge of the 26,000 infantry and 1,800 cavalry of the northern army. Wellington reached Badajoz on the 19th; Picton's divisions arrived on the 24th. Meanwhile, Soult retreated slowly southeast to Llerena with his large convoys of wounded soldiers, followed by Beresford and Blake. There was one
1726:
Regiments fought and counted 98 killed and 517 wounded. Soult's crippled army retreated on the 18th, covered by his superior cavalry. While the armies were fighting, Philippon's troops filled in the Allied trenches and battery positions. The French commander also removed much of the topsoil around
1912:
on 18 June and lunged to the west. The 60,000-man French army relieved Badajoz then confronted Wellington's 50,000 troops along the Guadiana near Elvas. The French commanders declined to attack the formidable British position. Soon after, Soult was called away to deal with threats from Andalusia.
1678:
filled with soil had to be erected. On this front, Philippon launched a sortie on the evening of the 10th. The attack was repulsed, but the Allies pursued their enemies too far and came under murderous fire from San Cristobal. The French lost 200 men in the sortie; the British and Portuguese lost
1673:
Dickson assigned five 24-pound cannons and two howitzers to attack San Cristobal while 14 24-pound cannons and two 8-inch howitzers were deployed south of the river. On 8 April 1811, trenches were started on all three fronts at a distance of 400 yards (366 m) from the fortress. Opposite the
1865:
After this failure, Wellington ordered three more days of bombardment. By 9 June, only 27 of the original 46 siege guns remained in action. On the 7th, six iron ship guns arrived from Lisbon and proved efficient. However, the defenses of the Castle were still formidable. To keep the French from
1657:
The siege began on 22 April 1811. Philippon's 4,000 defenders included the 1st Battalions of the 12th Light, 34th Line, and 88th Line Infantry Regiments and the 3rd Battalions of the 40th and 100th Line Infantry Regiments. To oppose the French, Beresford had 10,500 British and 10,200 Portuguese
1474:
scored an initial success, then lost all control as they galloped after the defeated French dragoons. In the confusion, Latour-Maubourg kept his head and, with the help of Mortier, managed to save the artillery convoy except for one artillery piece. Nevertheless, the appearance of Beresford and
1857:
At midnight on 6 June 1811, 180 volunteers from Houston's division assaulted San Cristobal. The 25-man forlorn hope managed to reach to ditch with only minor casualties only to discover that the ditch had been cleared of debris and the breach had been blocked up by carts and
1662:'s British brigade, and Brigadier General Luiz Fonseca's Portuguese brigade. Lieutenant Colonel James Kemmis' 7th brigade and the 17th Portuguese Regiment took post on the north side opposite San Cristobal. Four more brigades were stationed in support between Badajoz and
1871:
hand, the San Cristobal fort was a wreck, with two breaches in its walls. Nevertheless, its garrison had been doubled and the men cleared the ditches and blocked up the breaches every night. Each defender was supplied with three muskets, plus grenades and live shells.
1751:
on 25 May. Soult asked Latour-Maubourg to drive back the Allied cavalry to ascertain if infantry was present. The French dragoons ran into a trap and lost 250 killed and wounded plus another 78 captured. Lumley's cavalry lost only 20 casualties in the one-sided fight.
1773:
700 gunners. Philippon's garrison consisted of 3,600 men. Again, Wellington's engineers, of whom there were only 25 available, urged him to attack the San Cristobal fort. In addition, a major effort was planned against the Castle on the south side of the Guadiana.
1646:
on a reconnaissance of Badajoz. A skirmish with the aggressive garrison ensued in which the Germans lost 50 to 60 casualties. Before leaving on the 25th, Wellington issued a set of comprehensive instructions to Beresford. On the advice of his chief engineer,
1386:'s Army of Portugal in the north, his lieutenant Beresford attempted to capture French-held Badajoz in the south. Beresford invested the city in April but Philippon's garrison successfully fended off his attacks. The siege was briefly lifted while the
1887:. When he joined Soult, the combined French strength would become dangerous. The threat could not materialize until 15 June, but Wellington felt that further operations were unlikely to succeed. That night, the siege guns were withdrawn.
1844:
Battalion. Colonel Richard Collins led an independent Portuguese brigade that comprised the 5th Line Infantry Regiment and the 5th Caçadores Battalion. Hamilton's Portuguese Division included the brigades of Brigadier Generals
1849:
and Fonseca. Campbell's brigade was made up of the 4th and 10th Line Infantry Regiments, while Fonseca's had the 2nd and 14th Line Infantry Regiments. All Portuguese infantry regiments consisted of 1st and 2nd Battalions.
547:
1634:
On 20 April, Wellington arrived on a flying visit from the northern front. By this time, his opponent Masséna had abandoned his campaign in Portugal and retreated into Spain. Two days later, Wellington accompanied
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49:
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on half-rations. Philippon drew up a desperate plan to break out when his provisions failed. However, on the 10th Wellington decided to abandon the siege. He received intelligence that Marshal
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540:
1820:, and 88th Foot. Houston's 7th Division had the brigades of Major General John Sontag and Brigadier General John Doyle. Sontag's British brigade was made up of the 2nd Battalions of the
1526:
to find out what was afoot. On the night of the 6th, the French flying column gobbled up a picket of the 13th Light Dragoons. The British lost 52 horsemen captured in this misadventure.
1899:
on 3 to 5 May 1811, Masséna was replaced by Marmont. The new commander abolished the existing corps and created six independent divisions in their place. Likewise, General of Division
1415:
to act. Accordingly, Soult set out in January 1811 with 13,500 foot soldiers, 4,000 horse, and 2,000 gunners and sappers to besiege Badajoz. In a preliminary operation, Soult captured
1451:. Leaving Mortier and 11,000 soldiers to hold Badajoz and environs, Soult hurried away with the remainder to deal with the twin threats. Meanwhile, Mortier besieged and captured
533:
278:
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Marmont brought large forces south to join Soult. The British commander lifted the siege after being menaced by the numerically superior French army led by Soult and Marmont.
1718:
Lancers and the French 2nd Hussars. The all-British 2nd Division suffered 2,865 casualties including 661 killed; the British brigade of the 4th Division lost 1,065 men. The
1594:. Before starting the siege of Badajoz, Beresford posted Spanish cavalry at Llerena and British cavalry at Zafra. They were supported by a brigade of British infantry under
1542:
1781:
As in the earlier siege, all were ancient relics from the ramparts of Elvas. To serve the guns, 110 British from Raynesford's battery and 500 Portuguese were available.
271:
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215:
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159:
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In any case, Beresford could not have besieged the fortress at once because no siege train had been assembled. Apparently, this was an oversight by
1341:
208:
1699:. Soult's 24,246-man army included 4,000 cavalry and 48 artillery pieces. Beresford's 35,284-strong army included 13,928 Spaniards under Generals
2605:
1356:. After failing to force a surrender, Wellington withdrew his army when the French mounted a successful relief effort by combining the armies of
1900:
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reported that the Allies were across the Guadiana in great strength. Before withdrawing from the area, Latour-Maubourg left General of Brigade
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1483:
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171:
1846:
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673:
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2517:
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1459:
1444:
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1805:
1777:
1090:
651:
454:
1703:
and Castaños. Losses in both armies were staggering. The French marshal reported losing 5,935 men including Generals of Brigade
85:
2656:
1769:
625:
1177:
824:
618:
399:
1896:
1305:
899:
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309:
1201:
1189:
1037:
859:
839:
819:
606:
499:
439:
384:
374:
79:
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639:
1230:
504:
419:
344:
1760:
2641:
1904:
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884:
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656:
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404:
354:
1049:
879:
782:
611:
494:
369:
459:
1654:, Wellington ordered that the main attack be directed on the San Cristobal, Picurina, and Pardeleras forts.
1643:
1124:
874:
829:
762:
722:
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Too late, Latour-Maubourg finally woke up and sent two cavalry regiments and four infantry battalions on a
2636:
1836:
1463:
1337:
928:
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705:
685:
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379:
227:
2473:
514:
469:
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1333:
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1160:
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1011:
849:
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601:
464:
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On 27 May Beresford was officially replaced in command on the southern front. Four days later, General
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909:
814:
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364:
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began forming a siege park from the Portuguese cannons available at Elvas. In the words of historian
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314:
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844:
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661:
579:
449:
188:
144:
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Before investing Badajoz, Beresford thought it worthwhile to drive Latour-Maubourg's force out of
1400:
1383:
646:
2474:"French Infantry Regiments and the Colonels Who Led Them 1789–1815: Part IX 81e to 90e Regiments"
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1515:
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San Cristobal. The siege was resumed on the morning of 19 May by Hamilton's Portuguese troops.
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17:
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who failed to issue the necessary orders. The main problem was that the British army in the
1583:
1534:
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1242:
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943:
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737:
339:
193:
1840:. Doyle's Portuguese brigade included the 7th and 19th Line Infantry Regiments and the 2nd
1502:. Next, ample bridging material was supposed to be available at the Portuguese fortress of
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convoyed the captured cannon back to Badajoz, he was surprised by the cavalry vanguard of
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1714:
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1404:
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295:
41:
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1739:
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had never been provided by the home government with a proper siege train. Therefore,
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1412:
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had been recalled and his replacement Latour-Maubourg lacked his strategic insight.
1620:
1613:
1841:
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1571:
1375:. Badajoz is located 6 kilometres (4 mi) from the Portuguese border on the
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left the northern front and set out for Badajoz under the command of General
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1913:
After resupplying Philippon's garrison, Marmont and d'Erlon withdrew.
1687:
1792:
Picton's 3rd Division was made up of the British brigades of Colonel
1675:
1499:
1424:
to deal with the Spanish army. Mortier won a crushing victory in the
1630:
Map showing Badajoz, Elvas, Albuera, Campo Maior, Usagre, and MĂ©rida
1431:
At about this time Soult received intelligence that Spanish General
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with 2,000 men, causing Latour-Maubourg to fall back even farther.
1574:. Leaving some troops to mask Badajoz, he marched southeast toward
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1759:
1686:
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1800:. MacKinnon's brigade consisted of the 1st Battalions of the
1666:. Meanwhile, Colborne conducted a successful campaign in the
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18,000 Allied troops threw the French onto the defensive.
1812:. Colville's Brigade included the 2nd Battalions of the
1482:
in the service of Portugal, Beresford had available the
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2266:
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1944:
1942:
1332:(22 April – 12 May and 18 May – 10 June, 1811) saw an
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clearing the ditch of debris, the Allied guns fired
1420:have hoped for. On 19 February, Soult sent Marshal
2573:
2491:The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War
1895:Shortly after being defeated by Wellington at the
1695:On 16 May 1811, Beresford defeated Soult in the
34:
1537:with 3,000 men in Badajoz and 400 soldiers in
1466:'s approaching Anglo-Portuguese corps. In the
541:
279:
8:
2572:Oman, Sir Charles William Chadwick (1902d).
2531:. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole.
548:
534:
526:
286:
272:
264:
31:
2529:A History of the Peninsular War Volume IV
2083:
1586:on the 19th, Latour-Maubourg withdrew to
1342:Arthur Wellesley, the Viscount Wellington
1578:. Long routed the French 2nd Hussars at
2580:. Vol. IV. Oxford: Clarendon Press
1938:
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2008:
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1742:. On 16 May, Wellington left General
1606:Arthur Wellesley, Viscount Wellington
7:
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712:Third invasion of Portugal 1810–1811
640:First invasion of Portugal 1807–1808
27:1811 siege during the Peninsular War
2662:Sieges involving the United Kingdom
1901:Jean-Baptiste Drouet, Comte d'Erlon
1367:. The action was fought during the
1788:French 24-pound cannon barrel 1745
1344:, besiege a French garrison under
25:
1494:Portuguese Division, and General
1405:third French invasion of Portugal
2599:
1642:'s newly-arrived brigade of the
1460:Victor de Fay de Latour-Maubourg
1455:on 21 March. As his subordinate
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674:Second invasion of Portugal 1809
221:
214:
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187:
165:
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48:
2622:Military history of Extremadura
2576:A History of the Peninsular War
1382:While Wellington faced Marshal
258:964 killed, wounded or captured
2606:Second siege of Badajoz (1811)
1510:proved inadequate to span the
35:Second siege of Badajoz (1811)
18:Second Siege of Badajoz (1811)
1:
2548:The Napoleonic Wars Data Book
1443:had been defeated by General
580:War of the Pyrenees 1793-1795
2627:Sieges of the Peninsular War
2510:The Peninsular War 1807–1814
1834:, and one battalion of the
619:Mediterranean Campaign 1798
2678:
1897:Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro
1883:was coming south with the
1559:Portrait of Lord Beresford
2652:Sieges involving Portugal
1828:, eight companies of the
1776:On 25 May, Major General
1543:Francisco Javier Castaños
1470:on 25 March, the British
1399:Hoping to assist Marshal
575:
495:Villodrigo/Venta del Pozo
305:
249:
236:
180:
131:
56:
47:
39:
2508:Glover, Michael (2001).
2472:Broughton, Tony (2001).
1582:on 16 April. Abandoning
1379:River in western Spain.
2647:Sieges involving France
1340:and later commanded by
1330:second siege of Badajoz
633:War of the Oranges 1801
597:Sant Llorenç de la Muga
2657:Sieges involving Spain
2527:Oman, Charles (1996).
1837:Chasseurs Britanniques
1789:
1765:
1692:
1631:
1567:
1464:William Carr Beresford
1338:William Carr Beresford
181:Commanders and leaders
64:22 April – 12 May 1811
2550:. London: Greenhill.
2546:Smith, Digby (1998).
2489:Gates, David (2002).
2476:. The Napoleon Series
1923:stalemate in the west
1787:
1763:
1747:notable clash at the
1690:
1629:
1580:Los Santos de Maimona
1556:
1468:Battle of Campo Maior
1433:Francisco Ballesteros
1334:Anglo-Portuguese Army
999:Castile 1811–13
299:Castile 1811–13
250:Casualties and losses
66:19 May – 10 June 1811
2608:at Wikimedia Commons
1730:On 14 May 1811, the
1644:King's German Legion
1506:, but the number of
1441:Claude Perrin Victor
1426:Battle of the Gebora
1322: current battle
2512:. London: Penguin.
2493:. London: Pimlico.
2458:, pp. 275–276.
2434:, pp. 430–431.
2410:, pp. 427–429.
2386:, pp. 424–425.
2374:, pp. 422–423.
2362:, pp. 377–379.
2350:, pp. 419–420.
2326:, pp. 415–416.
2297:, pp. 411–412.
2285:, pp. 407–408.
2219:, pp. 362–364.
2200:, pp. 285–287.
2152:, pp. 279–281.
2125:, pp. 275–277.
2113:, pp. 273–274.
2074:, pp. 269–270.
2059:, pp. 265–269.
2035:, pp. 253–254.
1927:Blockade of Almeida
1925:proceeded with the
1764:Viscount Wellington
1496:Robert Ballard Long
1472:13th Light Dragoons
1457:General of Division
652:Padrões de Teixeira
97: /
1847:Archibald Campbell
1796:and Major General
1790:
1766:
1693:
1632:
1596:Lieutenant Colonel
1568:
1528:General of Brigade
1516:military engineers
820:Arroyo dos Molinos
505:2nd Alba de Tormes
400:2nd Ciudad Rodrigo
385:Navas de Membrillo
375:Arroyo dos Molinos
2642:Conflicts in 1811
2604:Media related to
1778:William Houston's
1697:Battle of Albuera
1617:Alexander Dickson
1610:Iberian Peninsula
1449:Battle of Barrosa
1388:Battle of Albuera
990:
989:
523:
522:
262:
261:
228:William Beresford
127:
126:
16:(Redirected from
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2018:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1988:
1982:
1976:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1885:Army of Portugal
1860:chevaux de frise
1798:Charles Colville
1749:Battle of Usagre
1691:Armand Philippon
1652:Richard Fletcher
1535:Armand Philippon
1490:, Major General
1411:ordered Marshal
1346:Armand Philippon
1321:
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923:France 1813-1814
778:Fuentes de Oñoro
738:Battle of Sobral
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455:GarcĂa Hernández
300:
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2566:Further reading
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2019:
2015:
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2003:
1995:
1991:
1983:
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1967:
1959:
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1947:
1940:
1935:
1919:
1893:
1881:Auguste Marmont
1794:Henry MacKinnon
1758:
1685:
1564:William Beechey
1551:
1531:Michel Veilande
1492:John Hamilton's
1422:Édouard Mortier
1397:
1373:Napoleonic Wars
1365:Auguste Marmont
1336:, first led by
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840:Salamanca Forts
789:Spain 1811-1813
783:Aldeia da Ponte
571:
567:Napoleonic Wars
566:
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554:
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519:
440:Salamanca Forts
395:Southern France
370:Riego de AmbrĂłs
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2594:External links
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2100:
2098:, p. 272.
2088:
2084:Broughton 2001
2076:
2061:
2049:
2047:, p. 342.
2037:
2025:
2023:, p. 357.
2013:
2011:, p. 249.
2001:
1999:, p. 355.
1989:
1987:, p. 354.
1977:
1975:, p. 248.
1965:
1963:, p. 353.
1953:
1951:, p. 247.
1937:
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1918:
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1831:Brunswick Oels
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1754:
1720:Spanish Guards
1715:Vistula Legion
1705:François Werlé
1684:
1681:
1660:William Lumley
1550:
1547:
1524:reconnaissance
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1369:Peninsular War
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1668:Sierra Morena
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1640:Charles Alten
1638:
1637:Major General
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1445:Thomas Graham
1442:
1438:
1435:was menacing
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1413:Nicolas Soult
1410:
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1401:André Masséna
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2478:. Retrieved
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2379:
2367:
2355:
2343:
2331:
2319:
2290:
2278:
2236:
2224:
2193:
2181:
2169:
2157:
2130:
2118:
2091:
2079:
2052:
2040:
2028:
2016:
2004:
1992:
1980:
1968:
1956:
1920:
1894:
1884:
1877:
1873:
1864:
1856:
1852:
1835:
1829:
1791:
1775:
1770:Rowland Hill
1767:
1756:Second phase
1729:
1723:
1719:
1713:
1709:Joseph Pepin
1694:
1672:
1656:
1633:
1621:Charles Oman
1603:
1569:
1557:
1521:
1488:4th Division
1484:2nd Division
1477:
1439:and Marshal
1430:
1398:
1381:
1329:
1327:
900:Roncesvalles
804:
733:Trant's raid
324:
132:Belligerents
40:Part of the
29:
2360:Glover 2001
2229:Glover 2001
2045:Glover 2001
1588:Guadalcanal
1572:Extremadura
1549:First phase
1514:River. The
1453:Campo Maior
1266:Campo Maior
860:Tordesillas
850:Majadahonda
830:3rd Badajoz
805:2nd Badajoz
795:1st Badajoz
773:2nd Almeida
723:1st Almeida
602:Villelongue
500:Tordesillas
465:Majadahonda
460:Guadalajara
445:2nd Astorga
425:Villagarcia
420:2nd Arlabán
415:3rd Badajoz
345:1st Arlabán
325:2nd Badajoz
320:Campo Maior
310:1st Badajoz
104: /
2616:Categories
2480:8 December
2466:References
2456:Gates 2002
2444:Gates 2002
2312:Smith 1998
2217:Smith 1998
2174:Smith 1998
2033:Gates 2002
2021:Smith 1998
2009:Gates 2002
1997:Smith 1998
1985:Smith 1998
1973:Gates 2002
1961:Smith 1998
1949:Gates 2002
1868:grape shot
1664:La Albuera
1407:, Emperor
1395:Background
865:San Millan
758:Casal Novo
592:2nd Boulou
475:2nd Madrid
360:Cogorderos
2432:Oman 1996
2420:Oman 1996
2408:Oman 1996
2396:Oman 1996
2384:Oman 1996
2372:Oman 1996
2348:Oman 1996
2336:Oman 1996
2324:Oman 1996
2295:Oman 1996
2283:Oman 1996
2271:Oman 1996
2256:Oman 1996
2241:Oman 1996
2198:Oman 1996
2186:Oman 1996
2162:Oman 1996
2150:Oman 1996
2135:Oman 1996
2123:Oman 1996
2111:Oman 1996
2096:Oman 1996
2072:Oman 1996
2057:Oman 1996
1917:Aftermath
1842:Caçadores
1826:85th Foot
1822:51st Foot
1818:83rd Foot
1810:88th Foot
1592:Andalusia
1097:Salamanca
845:Salamanca
718:River CĂ´a
706:2nd Porto
691:1st Porto
515:San Muñoz
450:Salamanca
405:Rocaforte
355:Benavides
1905:IX Corps
1814:5th Foot
1802:4th Foot
1539:Olivenza
1512:Guadiana
1508:pontoons
1417:Olivenza
1409:Napoleon
1377:Guadiana
1358:Marshals
1027:125miles
966:Overseas
954:Toulouse
929:Bidassoa
905:Sorauren
890:Pyrenees
880:Pamplona
815:El BodĂłn
753:Condeixa
696:Amarante
558:Portugal
435:Maguilla
410:SangĂĽesa
365:El BodĂłn
237:Strength
172:Portugal
71:Location
2632:Badajoz
1724:Irlanda
1683:Albuera
1676:gabions
1649:Colonel
1584:Llerena
1566:, 1815.
1447:at the
1437:Seville
1350:Badajoz
1295:Badajoz
1249:Albuera
1220:Arlabán
1114:Astorga
959:Bayonne
934:Nivelle
910:Lizasso
870:Vitoria
835:Almaraz
800:Barrosa
768:Sabugal
748:Redinha
728:Bussaco
667:Vimeiro
612:Bascara
607:Capmany
560:in the
510:Tafalla
430:Almaraz
335:Albuera
255:Unknown
123:victory
89:38°53′N
76:Badajoz
2584:27 May
2554:
2535:
2516:
2497:
1910:MĂ©rida
1891:Relief
1808:, and
1500:Lisbon
1486:, the
1320:
1056:Burgos
977:Guiana
949:Orthez
944:Garris
917:Buenza
875:Tolosa
855:Burgos
810:Usagre
743:Pombal
681:Chaves
662:Roliça
587:Toulon
490:Mañeru
485:Burgos
480:Bilbao
470:Retiro
390:Orbigo
380:Tarifa
340:Usagre
315:Gebora
245:34,700
121:French
117:Result
92:6°58′W
1933:Notes
1614:Major
1576:Zafra
1504:Elvas
1354:Spain
1025:200km
701:GrijĂł
686:Braga
657:Évora
647:OlhĂŁo
626:Malta
330:Ăšbeda
242:7,600
80:Spain
2586:2021
2552:ISBN
2533:ISBN
2514:ISBN
2495:ISBN
2482:2013
1921:The
1824:and
1734:and
1722:and
1707:and
1363:and
1328:The
939:Nive
895:Maya
564:and
61:Date
1903:'s
1732:3rd
1590:in
1562:by
1403:'s
1348:at
2618::
2302:^
2263:^
2248:^
2205:^
2142:^
2103:^
2064:^
1941:^
1929:.
1816:,
1804:,
1601:.
1545:.
1478:A
1352:,
1172:10
1155:11
1143:12
1131:13
1119:14
1102:15
1085:16
1073:17
1061:18
1044:19
1032:20
78:,
2588:.
2560:.
2541:.
2522:.
2503:.
2484:.
2086:.
1300:1
1283:2
1271:3
1254:4
1237:5
1225:6
1208:7
1196:8
1184:9
549:e
542:t
535:v
287:e
280:t
273:v
20:)
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