273:
97:
428:
22:
390:
401:
1764:
666:
34:
518:. The mineral content also affects the taste. The colors and variety of flavors are due to local clays and algae found in the waters the salt is harvested from. For example, some boutique salts from Korea and France are pinkish gray and some from India are black. Black and red salts from Hawaii may even have powdered black lava and baked red clay added in. Some sea salt contains
108:, the remaining portion can range from less than 0.2 to 22% of other salts. These are mostly calcium, potassium, and magnesium salts of chloride and sulfate with substantially lesser amounts of many trace elements found in natural seawater. Though the composition of commercially available salt may vary, the ionic composition of natural saltwater is relatively constant.
654:
1252:
503:
314:
560:
493:
Today, salt labelled "sea salt" in the US might not have actually come from the sea, as long as it meets the FDA's purity requirements. All mined salts were originally sea salts since they originated from a marine source at some point in the distant past, usually from an evaporating shallow sea.
420:. Workers scraped up the concentrated salt and mud slurry and washed it with clean sea water to settle impurities out of the now concentrated brine. They poured the brine into shallow pans (lightly baked from local marine
463:
is sometimes added to the brine before evaporation. The practice is endangered due to competition with cheap industrially-produced commercial salt. Only two traditions survive to the present day:
306:. In warm and dry climates this may be accomplished entirely by using solar energy, but in other climates fuel sources have been used. Modern sea salt production is almost entirely found in
510:
Some gourmets believe sea salt tastes better and has a better texture than ordinary table salt. In applications that retain sea salt's coarser texture, it can provide a different
592:
contamination in sea salt from the US, Europe and China. Sea salt has also been shown to be contaminated by fungi that can cause food spoilage as well as some that may be
459:
for at least several months. These are burned into ash then seawater is run through the ashes on a filter. The resulting brine is then evaporated in containers.
1318:
863:
571:. Table salt is more processed than sea salt to eliminate minerals and usually contains an additive such as silicon dioxide to prevent clumping.
1055:
1096:
Dasgupta, Purnendu K.; Liu, Yining; Dyke, Jason V. (1 February 2008). "Iodine
Nutrition: Iodine Content of Iodized Salt in the United States".
953:
1284:
1232:
1207:
475:
1140:
1648:
537:
Black lava salt is a marketing term for sea salt harvested from various places around the world that has been blended and colored with
424:) and set them on fist-sized clay pillars over a peat fire for final evaporation. Then they scraped out the dried salt and sold it.
350:—which benefited from proximity to the saltern (by producing leather, salted meat, etc.) and provided the saltern with a local market
1009:
929:
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613:
container plugged with mud at both ends. This product absorbs minerals from the bamboo and the mud, and is claimed to increase the
104:
Commercially available sea salts on the market today vary widely in their chemical composition. Although the principal component is
302:, a Buddhist scripture compiled in the mid-5th century BC. The principle of production is evaporation of the water from the sea
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1786:
1312:
1324:
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1001:
Encyclopedia of
Chemical Processing and Design: Volume 51 - Slurry Systems: Instrumentation to Solid-Liquid Separation
272:
96:
609:, 竹鹽), which means "bamboo salt", is prepared by roasting salt at temperatures between 800 and 2000 °C in a
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487:
432:
1334:
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362:(salting), and salt works (saltern) enhanced each other economically. This was the pattern during the
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The dilute brine of the sea was largely evaporated by the sun. In Roman areas, this was done using
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21:
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The nutritional value of sea salt and table salt are about the same as they are both primarily
389:
1710:
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1005:
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1307:
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Fisher, Peter W. F. and Mary L'Abbe. 1980. Iodine in
Iodized Table Salt and in Sea Salt.
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is table salt mixed with a minute amount of various salts of the element iodine.
1628:
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184:
1638:
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522:. It may be difficult to distinguish sea salt from other salts, such as pink
417:
355:
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134:
85:
42:
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Such places are today called salt works, instead of the older
English word
1251:
692:
The Art of Making Common Salt, as Now
Practised in Most Parts of the World
1751:
1532:
623:
478:, slaves were brought from Africa to rake salt on various islands in the
456:
405:
367:
234:
224:
124:
57:
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627:. However, these claims are not substantiated by high-quality studies.
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1141:"Sea salt around the world is contaminated by plastic, studies show"
559:
374:
brought the brine, the extensive saltings provided the pasture, the
977:
952:
Nutrition, Center for Food Safety and
Applied (23 September 2022).
339:
An inexpensive and easily worked fuel supply, or preferably the sun
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501:
426:
399:
388:
329:. An ancient or medieval saltern was established where there was:
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271:
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32:
20:
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A gently shelving coast, protected from exposure to the open sea
53:
1266:
988:
Wolke, Robert L. What
Einstein Told His Cook. (2002) pp. 49–50.
894:"Food for Thought: Do You Know The Guimaras Ingredient Tultul?"
1072:. ABC Life, Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 18 June 2019.
379:
375:
834:. Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 37–38.
621:
properties of the fermented soybean paste known in Korea as
1157:
Biango-Daniels, Megan N.; Hodge, Hodge T. (February 2018).
1027:"Black Lava Salt Might Be Your New Favorite Finishing Salt"
1159:"Sea salts as a potential source of food spoilage fungi"
1262:
921:
What
Einstein Told His Cook: Kitchen Science Explained
1070:"Is sea salt better for you than regular table salt?"
514:, and may change flavor due to its different rate of
1719:
1693:
1662:
1609:
1561:
1353:
1300:
1223:Shahidi, Fereidoon; John Shi; Ho, Chi-Tang (2005).
1056:"Sea salt vs. Table salt: What's the difference?"
530:from the ancient Inca hot springs, or rock salt (
978:"Worth One's Salt" by Dan Crane, Salon, Apr 2005
581:, is present only in small amounts in sea salt.
798:"¿Cómo es el proceso de la elaboración de sal?"
739:"Major ion composition of seawater - Lenntech"
16:Salt produced from the evaporation of seawater
1278:
8:
1200:Agriculture and soil pollution: new research
823:
821:
819:
604:
100:High resolution image of a grain of sea salt
831:The English Coast: A History and a Prospect
716:. Vol. iii. Brill Archive. p. 169
84:, production of sea salt has been dated to
68:and for preserving food. It is also called
1285:
1271:
1263:
924:. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 52.
1174:
954:"Guidance for Industry: Colored Sea Salt"
110:
1319:International Salt Co. v. United States
1049:
1047:
681:
56:that is produced by the evaporation of
1227:. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 575.
1098:Environmental Science & Technology
998:McKetta, John J. Jr. (13 March 1995).
769:. New Age International. p. 479.
439:In traditional salt production in the
60:. It is used as a seasoning in foods,
864:"Guimaras: The Sweet Taste of Summer"
7:
1649:List of countries by salt production
1139:Glenza, Jessica (8 September 2017),
918:Wolke, Robert L. (17 October 2008).
733:
731:
541:. The salt is used as a decorative
386:fuel, and the sun sometimes shone.
455:, or other plant matter soaked in
116:Concentration of ion in sea water
25:Sea salt harvesting in Pak Thale,
14:
1084:Can. Inst. Food Sci. Technolo. J.
958:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
370:, in eastern England. There, the
1763:
1762:
1250:
828:Murphy, Peter (6 October 2009).
664:
652:
1601:Salt and cardiovascular disease
1202:. Nova Publishers. p. 45.
599:In traditional Korean cuisine,
431:Raking salt depicted on a 1938
404:Salt deposits on the shores of
333:Access to a market for the salt
763:Prakash, Om (1 January 2005).
310:and other warm, dry climates.
288:organisms giving a red colour.
1:
1086:Vol. 13. No. 2:103–104. April
713:Studies in Ancient Technology
298:Sea salt is mentioned in the
1198:James V. Livingston (2005).
366:and medieval periods around
255:Total dissolved solids (TDS)
1054:Katherine Zeratsky (2019).
689:Brownrigg, William (1748).
1810:
579:essential for human health
552:
545:to be shown at the table.
393:Manual salt collection in
291:
1760:
1313:In the American Civil War
766:Cultural History of India
605:
1619:Salt Industry Commission
1176:10.1016/j.fm.2017.07.020
588:Studies have found some
563:A salt mill for sea salt
488:Turks and Caicos Islands
433:Turks and Caicos Islands
342:Another trade, such as
1225:Asian functional foods
710:Forbes, R. J. (1955).
564:
555:Health effects of salt
507:
436:
409:
397:
322:
289:
101:
46:
30:
1787:Chemical oceanography
695:. C. Davis. pp.
562:
553:Further information:
505:
447:, salt are made from
430:
403:
392:
321:" sea salt, Île de Ré
316:
278:salt evaporation pond
275:
268:Historical production
99:
39:salt evaporation pond
36:
24:
1644:Open-pan salt making
1468:Monosodium glutamate
1259:at Wikimedia Commons
862:Reynaldo, Jerricho.
802:www.foodunfolded.com
416:containers known as
1110:2008EnST...42.1315D
874:on 19 December 2018
395:Lake Retba, Senegal
112:
1483:Potassium chloride
1335:In Chinese history
565:
539:activated charcoal
508:
476:colonial New World
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111:
102:
47:
31:
1774:
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1711:Salting the earth
1706:Salt in the Bible
1680:San Francisco Bay
1488:Potassium nitrate
1255:Media related to
1234:978-0-8247-5855-4
1209:978-1-59454-310-4
1118:10.1021/es0719071
671:Oceans portal
486:and particularly
265:
264:
86:prehistoric times
1799:
1766:
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1624:Evaporation pond
1398:Calcium chloride
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1104:(4): 1315–1323.
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1747:Ximenes Redoubt
1742:Water softening
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1586:Salt-cured meat
1557:
1543:Sodium chloride
1518:Salt substitute
1493:River reed salt
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659:Food portal
651:
647:History of salt
633:
615:anticlastogenic
569:sodium chloride
557:
551:
506:Black lava salt
500:
441:Visayas Islands
296:
294:History of salt
270:
106:sodium chloride
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1498:Sodium nitrate
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1458:Korean brining
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1163:Food Microbiol
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1058:. Mayo Clinic.
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1031:Feast Magazine
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472:
471:(or dúkdok).
470:
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449:coconut husks
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435:postage stamp
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354:In this way,
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308:Mediterranean
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300:Vinaya Pitaka
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1727:Mineral lick
1612:and industry
1522:
1428:Fleur de sel
1387:
1317:
1224:
1218:
1199:
1193:
1166:
1162:
1152:
1145:The Guardian
1144:
1134:
1101:
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1091:
1083:
1078:
1064:
1034:. Retrieved
1030:
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1000:
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984:
973:
961:. Retrieved
957:
947:
935:. Retrieved
920:
913:
901:. Retrieved
898:Bitesized.ph
897:
888:
876:. Retrieved
872:the original
867:
857:
845:. Retrieved
830:
806:. Retrieved
804:(in Spanish)
801:
792:
780:. Retrieved
765:
758:
746:. Retrieved
742:
718:. Retrieved
712:
705:
691:
684:
642:Brine mining
622:
598:
590:microplastic
587:
583:Iodised salt
573:
566:
536:
509:
492:
473:
461:Coconut milk
438:
411:
353:
324:
319:Fleur de sel
297:
259:
254:
103:
77:
76:, or simply
73:
69:
49:
48:
18:
1792:Edible salt
1685:In Pakistan
1670:In Cheshire
1629:Salt mining
1591:Salted fish
1513:Salammoniac
1473:Moshio salt
1378:Asín tibuok
937:10 December
903:19 December
878:19 December
847:10 December
782:10 December
720:10 December
516:dissolution
480:West Indies
465:asín tibuok
445:Philippines
185:Bicarbonate
92:Composition
27:Phetchaburi
1781:Categories
1639:Sink works
1563:Food usage
1453:Kala namak
1388:Black lava
1340:Salt March
677:References
637:Bath salts
528:Maras salt
418:briquetage
356:salt marsh
292:See also:
282:Walvis Bay
74:solar salt
43:Tamil Nadu
29:, Thailand
1732:Road salt
1663:By region
1634:Salt well
1438:Himalayan
1345:Salt road
1169:: 89–95.
543:condiment
512:mouthfeel
453:driftwood
286:Halophile
215:Strontium
175:Potassium
155:Magnesium
82:rock salt
66:cosmetics
1768:Category
1675:In Ghana
1610:Commerce
1533:Sel gris
1528:Seasoned
1523:Sea salt
1478:Pickling
1373:Alberger
1257:Sea salt
1185:28941913
1126:18351111
748:14 March
631:See also
624:doenjang
520:sulfates
457:seawater
408:, Jordan
406:Dead Sea
368:The Wash
235:Silicate
225:Fluoride
125:Chloride
70:bay salt
58:seawater
50:Sea salt
1694:Culture
1576:Salting
1571:Brining
1548:Truffle
1448:Jugyeom
1443:Iodised
1383:Bittern
1308:History
1301:History
1106:Bibcode
601:jugyeom
484:Bahamas
474:In the
443:of the
414:ceramic
360:pasture
348:tanning
327:saltern
195:Bromide
165:Calcium
145:Sulfate
139:10 556
129:18 980
62:cooking
45:, India
1553:Túltul
1538:Smoked
1463:Kosher
1433:Garlic
1413:Cyclic
1408:Curing
1403:Celery
1393:Butter
1363:Abraum
1231:
1206:
1183:
1124:
1008:
963:1 June
928:
838:
773:
611:bamboo
575:Iodine
549:Health
532:halite
469:túltul
260:34 483
249:<1
245:Iodide
205:Borate
159:1 262
149:2 649
135:Sodium
1503:Onion
1423:Flake
1418:Dairy
1368:Alaea
1355:Types
1036:1 May
808:1 May
498:Taste
380:moors
364:Roman
304:brine
119:mg/l
1508:Rock
1294:Salt
1229:ISBN
1204:ISBN
1181:PMID
1122:PMID
1038:2022
1006:ISBN
965:2023
939:2012
926:ISBN
905:2018
880:2018
849:2012
836:ISBN
810:2022
784:2012
771:ISBN
750:2019
722:2012
617:and
534:) .
467:and
422:clay
384:peat
378:and
376:fens
372:tide
276:Sea
189:140
179:380
169:400
78:salt
54:salt
1752:Tax
1171:doi
1114:doi
346:or
280:at
219:13
209:26
199:65
52:is
41:in
1783::
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1167:69
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1102:42
1100:.
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818:^
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741:.
730:^
697:12
606:죽염
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482:,
451:,
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