85:
860:
any habilitation, is paid at the end of the academic year nearly €3000 for the entire academic year, without salary during the academic year. There are about 28 thousand "Professori a contratto" in Italy, . Associate
Professors have a gross salary in between 52.937,59 and 96.186,12 euros per year, Full Professors have a gross salary in between 75.431,76 and 131.674 Euros per year, and adjunct professors of around 3,000 euros per year.
2421:
1180:. A research professor is usually the most senior rank of a research-focused career pathway in those countries and is regarded as equal to the ordinary full professor rank. Most often they are permanent employees, and the position is often held by particularly distinguished scholars; thus the position is often seen as more prestigious than an ordinary full professorship. The title is used in a somewhat similar sense in the
4378:
796:
459:
2409:
317:
450:, even if these persons do not have the academic qualifications typically necessary for professorship and they do not take up professorial duties. However, such "professors" usually do not undertake academic work for the granting institution. In general, the title of professor is strictly used for academic positions rather than for those holding it on honorary basis.
2397:
544:
Other roles of professorial tasks depend on the institution, its legacy, protocols, place (country), and time. For example, professors at research-oriented universities in North
America and, generally, at European universities, are promoted primarily on the basis of research achievements and external
1337:
Since the 1980s and 1990s, various stereotypes were re-evaluated, including professors. Writers began to depict professors as just normal human beings and might be quite well-rounded in abilities, excelling both in intelligence and in physical skills. An example of a fictional professor not depicted
926:
factor in the university was enhanced by legislation in 2001 (LOU). Some indicative numbers can be interesting, in spite of the variance in the data. We report net monthly payments (after taxes and social security fees), without bonuses: Ayudante, €1,200; Ayudante Doctor, €1,400; Contratado Doctor;
1418:
professor at the fictional
Middleton University. Early in the series, Annalise is a self-sufficient and confident woman, respected for being a great law professor and a great lawyer, feared and admired by her students, whose image breaks down as the series progresses. Sandra Oh stars as an English
859:
As late as 2021, in the
Italian universities there are about 18 thousand Assistant Professors, 23 thousand Associate Professors, and 14 thousand Full Professors. The role of "professore a contratto" (the equivalent of an "adjunct professor"), a non-tenured position which does not require a PhD nor
834:
46,680 in group "W2" (mid-level) and €56,683 in group "W3" (the highest level), without performance-related bonuses. The anticipated average earnings with performance-related bonuses for a German professor is €71,500. The anticipated average earnings of a professor working in
Switzerland vary for
972:
In 2007 the Dutch social fund for the academic sector SoFoKleS commissioned a comparative study of the wage structure of academic professions in the
Netherlands in relation to that of other countries. Among the countries reviewed are the United States, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Germany,
414:
professor is a title given to selected retired professors with whom the university wishes to continue to be associated due to their stature and ongoing research. Emeritus professors do not receive a salary, but they are often given office or lab space, and use of libraries, labs, and so on.
960:, or professor. This usage differs from the predominant usage of the word "professor" internationally, where the unqualified word "professor" only refers to full professors. The majority of university lecturers and instructors in the United States, as of 2015, do not occupy these
1525:". Aside from such examples in the performing arts, one apparently novel example is known where the title of professor has latterly been applied to a college appointee with an explicitly "non-academic role", which seems to be primarily linked to claims of "strategic importance".
886:
The salaries of civil servant professors in Spain are fixed on a nationwide basis, but there are some bonuses related to performance and seniority and a number of bonuses granted by the
Autonomous Regional governments. These bonuses include three-year premiums
818:. In addition, a professor who undertakes additional roles in their institution (e.g., department chair, dean, head of graduate studies, etc.) sometimes earns additional income. Some professors also earn additional income by moonlighting in other jobs, such as
1171:
In a number of countries, the title "research professor" refers to a professor who is exclusively or mainly engaged in research, and who has few or no teaching obligations. For example, the title is used in this sense in the
273:; this is particularly the case in the United States, where the unqualified word is also used colloquially to refer to associate and assistant professors as well, and often to instructors or lecturers.
1356:
movie franchise had a significant impact on the previous stereotype, and created a new archetype which is both deeply knowledgeable and physically capable. The character generally referred to simply as
1184:, with the exception that research professors in the United States are often not permanent employees and often must fund their salary from external sources, which is usually not the case elsewhere.
927:€1,800; Profesor Titular, €2,000; Catedrático, €2,400. There are a total of 14 payments per year, including 2 extra payments in July and December (but for less than a normal monthly payment).
822:, publishing academic or popular press books, giving speeches, or coaching executives. Some fields (e.g., business and computer science) give professors more opportunities for outside work.
1371:, although described alternatively as a high-school science teacher or research scientist, is depicted as a sensible advisor, a clever inventor, and a helpful friend to his fellow
308:. The role of professor may be more public-facing than that of more junior staff, and professors are expected to be national or international leaders in their field of expertise.
3454:
977:
and taxes. Because of differences between institutions in the US and UK these countries have two listings of which one denotes the salary in top-tier institutions (based on the
697:
602:
2918:
2880:
2843:
2806:
1429:
Mysterious, older men with magical powers (and unclear academic standing) are sometimes given the title of "Professor" in literature and theater. Notable examples include
754:
516:, including consulting functions (such as advising government and nonprofit organizations) or providing expert commentary on TV or radio news or public affairs programs;
830:
A report from 2005 by the "Deutscher
Hochschulverband DHV", a lobby group for German professors, the salary of professors, the annual salary of a German professor is
907:, according to compliance with research criteria laid down by the national government). These salary bonuses are relatively small. Nevertheless, the total number of
1760:
3094:
402:
applies to most post-doctoral academics, so a larger percentage are thus designated. In these areas, professors are scholars with doctorate degrees (typically
300:. In many universities, full professors take on senior managerial roles such as leading departments, research teams and institutes, and filling roles such as
4407:
4182:
4057:
4067:
2779:
672:
577:
4325:
3223:
2455:
2090:
366:'lay claim to, declare openly'". As a title that is "prefixed to a name, it dates from 1706". The "hort form prof is recorded from 1838". The term
4174:
4112:
1825:
1647:
4154:
3485:
3131:
747:
443:
Beyond holding the proper academic title, universities in many countries also give notable artists, athletes and foreign dignitaries the title
4149:
2310:
1622:
4159:
1426:
The series includes her character's negotiation of liberal arts campus politics, in particular issues of racism, sexism, and social mores.
722:
682:
582:
1358:
1207:
individuals often lost in thought. In many cases, fictional professors are socially or physically awkward. Examples include the 1961 film
529:
Conducting administrative or managerial functions, usually at a high level (e.g. deans, heads of departments, research centers, etc.); and
2241:
4192:
2548:
2543:
1457:. A variation of this type of non-academic professor is the "crackpot inventor", as portrayed by Professor Potts in the film version of
949:
727:
984:
The table below shows the final reference wages (per year) expressed in net amounts of Dutch euros in 2014 (i.e., converted into Dutch
4340:
4320:
4299:
1938:
4304:
4187:
4030:
1761:"What makes an expert university teacher? A systematic review and synthesis of frameworks for teacher expertise in higher education"
1176:(where it is known as a research professor at some universities and professorial research fellow at some other institutions) and in
740:
667:
1670:
4052:
2833:
2529:
1695:
1181:
941:
936:
391:
2113:
4042:
2772:
702:
4335:
4107:
4102:
3586:
1398:
2215:
1223:
stories. Professors have also been portrayed as being misguided into an evil pathway, such as
Professor Metz, who helped
4330:
4164:
4129:
4080:
3804:
2448:
1193:
440:
as used in the United
Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries; ranking above senior lecturer and below full professor.
257:, "professor" as an unqualified title refers only to the most senior academic position, sometimes informally known as "
4284:
4274:
4141:
3349:
2829:
1410:
1255:
1232:
1209:
572:
1989:
4264:
3603:
3124:
1421:
717:
662:
597:
67:
2425:
84:
4289:
4229:
2765:
1544:
1339:
1281:
973:
Belgium, France, Sweden and the Netherlands. To improve comparability, adjustments have been made to correct for
632:
627:
617:
607:
445:
370:
is also used with a different meaning: "ne professing religion. This canting use of the word comes down from the
332:
was first used in the late 14th century to mean 'one who teaches a branch of knowledge'. The word comes "...from
38:
2413:
2014:
800:
4234:
4224:
3581:
3393:
2898:
2476:
1219:
712:
692:
687:
677:
652:
642:
622:
587:
395:
1872:
805:
4412:
4402:
4381:
4279:
4214:
2825:
2685:
2664:
2441:
2165:
2157:
1459:
1204:
881:
707:
657:
647:
637:
612:
592:
383:
480:, research, and publications in their departments (in countries where a professor is head of a department);
4239:
3868:
3610:
2871:
2680:
2624:
2591:
2481:
1623:"Assistant? Associate? What the words before "professor" mean: Titles may not mean what you think they do"
1381:
848:
562:
554:
435:
285:
254:
207:
2401:
1759:
van Dijk, Esther E.; van Tartwijk, Jan; van der Schaaf, Marieke F.; Kluijtmans, Manon (1 November 2020).
4294:
4269:
4259:
4249:
4244:
4097:
3165:
3117:
2932:
2719:
2086:
506:
430:, which are not considered professor-level positions in all European countries. In Australia, the title
2366:
2039:
472:
Professors are qualified experts in their field who generally perform some or all the following tasks:
4355:
4350:
4254:
4124:
4075:
3469:
3435:
3420:
3256:
3203:
3046:
3002:
2908:
2894:
2852:
2797:
1481:
1419:
professor, Ji-Yoon Kim, recently promoted to the role of department chair in the 2021 Netflix series
1367:
1227:
840:
466:
301:
3739:
3544:
3519:
3499:
3403:
3060:
3037:
3022:
2595:
2519:
2514:
1534:
1449:
1285:
426:
420:
289:
270:
266:
169:
2318:
3896:
3878:
3873:
3861:
3695:
3514:
3494:
3464:
3246:
3218:
2964:
2741:
2654:
2649:
2633:
2614:
2576:
1847:
1734:
1550:
1309:
1273:
1237:
1214:
371:
235:
63:
2889:
2340:
2187:
161:
901:, according to compliance with teaching criteria set by the university) and six-year premiums (
3901:
3819:
3556:
3509:
3447:
3276:
3056:
2820:
2139:
1920:
1785:
1539:
1405:
1323:
1304:, the teachers are known as professors, many of whom play important roles, notably Professors
815:
533:
520:
513:
499:
277:
4345:
4219:
4119:
3949:
3757:
3647:
3598:
3571:
3324:
3319:
3172:
3086:
3042:
2959:
2815:
2524:
1775:
1568:
1390:
1290:
1265:
985:
978:
974:
888:
810:
DHV. Bars are for assistant professor, associate professor and full professor, respectively.
776:
4090:
3782:
3593:
3339:
3329:
3081:
3065:
3027:
3012:
2979:
2789:
2746:
2707:
2659:
2619:
2586:
2491:
1990:"Salary Sapienza University of Rome Italy (in Italian) Tabella stipendi personale Docente"
1465:
1269:
1245:
1177:
305:
293:
173:
165:
89:
872:, the salary of a professor in any public university is 447,300 SAR, or 119 217.18 USD
4047:
3991:
3830:
3787:
3715:
3459:
3430:
3355:
3309:
3251:
3208:
3051:
3007:
2857:
2734:
1803:
1522:
1518:
1510:
1443:
1173:
836:
2420:
1475:. Other professors of this type are the thoughtful and kind Professor Digory Kirke of
4396:
3888:
3685:
3474:
3344:
3334:
3292:
3266:
3261:
3198:
3158:
2691:
2192:
1596:
1376:
1352:
1313:
1259:
462:
350:'person who professes to be an expert in some art or science; teacher of highest rank
281:
458:
3921:
3848:
3627:
3617:
3536:
3286:
3193:
3143:
2969:
2729:
2724:
2713:
2702:
1563:
1471:
1343:
1331:
1296:
1224:
961:
1258:, a typical absent-minded but genius-level professor. A related stereotype is the
795:
296:, professors may mentor and supervise graduate students conducting research for a
1921:"University L'Orientale of Naples – table of annual fees for contract professors"
1780:
151:
Academic knowledge, research, writing journal articles or book chapters, teaching
4085:
3916:
3906:
3856:
3838:
3749:
3710:
3504:
3415:
3398:
3032:
1502:
1498:
1476:
1430:
1402:
1394:
1327:
1277:
503:
17:
3931:
3271:
1454:
1347:
1305:
1200:
923:
844:
819:
772:
407:
361:
355:
333:
316:
231:
211:
2143:
1789:
1389:
of the strict, authoritarian professor who demands perfection from students.
779:
throughout the world follow a similar hierarchical ranking structure amongst
3977:
3972:
3939:
3911:
3799:
3794:
3730:
3705:
3566:
3281:
3213:
2927:
2757:
2408:
1514:
1241:
116:
2433:
2396:
948:. In the U.S., the word "professor" informally refers collectively to the
492:
3986:
3958:
3944:
3811:
3777:
3735:
3720:
3680:
3425:
2581:
2553:
1557:
1494:
1372:
1350:, who is skilled at both scholarship and fighting. The popularity of the
1301:
1250:
945:
784:
780:
768:
477:
411:
321:
203:
187:
136:
120:
2288:
2266:
2216:"A new lie has consequences for everyone on How To Get Away With Murder"
2127:
3982:
3967:
3963:
3725:
3675:
3667:
3657:
3561:
3549:
3408:
3304:
3298:
1506:
1386:
532:
Assessing students in their fields of expertise (e.g., through grading
488:
484:
227:
199:
124:
1441:
and Professor Drosselmeyer (as he is sometimes known) from the ballet
3954:
3767:
3700:
3640:
3635:
3442:
3017:
2984:
2974:
2903:
2697:
1362:
1318:
1199:
Traditional fictional portrayals of professors, in accordance with a
537:
297:
247:
1939:"Essere professore a contratto all'università...per 3,75 euro l'ora"
1379:'s portrayal of law school professor Charles W. Kingsfield, Jr., in
3762:
3690:
3241:
1898:
1434:
794:
457:
342:
315:
243:
1322:, Professor Plum has been depicted as an absent-minded academic.
59:
Academic title at universities and other educational institutions
3772:
3314:
2242:"What 'The Chair' Gets Unexpectedly Right About the Ivory Tower"
831:
406:
degrees) or equivalent qualifications who teach in colleges and
382:
A professor is an accomplished and recognized academic. In most
4016:
3373:
3113:
3109:
2761:
2437:
2015:"Average Professor – Education Salary in Saudi Arabia for 2023"
1513:
and other rough environments have been called "professor". The
336:
1415:
913:
is a prerequisite for being a member of different committees.
403:
2128:"Cinema, Supernatural Archaeology, and the Hidden Human Past"
1964:
843:
and 187,937 CHF (€121,461) to 247,280 CHF (€159,774) at the
292:
courses in their fields of expertise. In universities with
2064:
1447:. Also, the magician played by Christian Bale in the film
992:
NL comparison, 2014, net salaries, in NL purchasing power
62:
For the broader American term for academic employees, see
1804:"Associate Professor – definition of associate professor"
814:
A professor typically earns a base salary and a range of
799:
Salary of professors, as reported in the 2005 report the
2091:"International wage differences in academic occupations"
238:
and research institutions in most countries. Literally,
42:
1671:"Dr Who or Professor Who? On Academic Email Etiquette"
390:
is the highest academic rank at a university. In the
2065:"SoFoKleS | Sociaal Fonds voor de KennisSector"
246:
as a "person who professes". Professors are usually
4313:
4205:
4173:
4140:
4066:
4029:
3930:
3887:
3847:
3829:
3748:
3666:
3626:
3535:
3528:
3483:
3386:
3232:
3186:
3074:
2993:
2952:
2945:
2917:
2879:
2870:
2842:
2805:
2796:
2673:
2642:
2562:
2500:
2469:
193:
179:
155:
147:
142:
130:
110:
102:
97:
1696:"Promoted from doctor to professor: what changes?"
1505:in his role as "The Big Professor". In the past,
847:; the regulations are different depending on the
250:in their field and teachers of the highest rank.
2040:"COE – Characteristics of Postsecondary Faculty"
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
261:". In some countries and institutions, the word
895:, according to seniority), five-year premiums (
386:nations, as well as northern Europe, the title
3095:Master of Arts (Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin)
1848:"Difference Between a Teacher and a Professor"
1735:"Difference Between a Teacher and a Professor"
1720:David K. Knox "Socrates: The First Professor"
418:The term professor is also used in the titles
265:is also used in titles of lower ranks such as
3125:
2773:
2449:
2186:Kumari Upadhyaya, Kayla (25 September 2014).
1724:December 1998, Volume 23, Issue 2, pp 115–126
937:Professors in the United States § Salary
917:
908:
902:
896:
748:
8:
3809:
1334:who had an affair with one of his patients.
944:commonly occupy any of several positions in
839:(€102,729) to 232,073 CHF (€149,985) at the
498:Performing, leading and publishing advanced
77:
2214:Kumari Upadhyaya, Kayla (23 October 2015).
1937:Monella, Lillo Montalto (26 January 2018).
1648:"United Kingdom, Academic Career Structure"
1549:(S.T.P.) – degree now awarded as S.T.D. or
359:
345:
324:was one of the earliest recorded professors
26:
4035:
4026:
4013:
3532:
3383:
3370:
3183:
3132:
3118:
3110:
2949:
2876:
2802:
2780:
2766:
2758:
2456:
2442:
2434:
990:
755:
741:
558:
1873:"What exactly is a professor these days?"
1779:
2341:"A working life: The Punch and Judy man"
2044:National Center for Education Statistics
32:This is an accepted version of this page
1580:
561:
28:
2188:"How To Get Away With Murder: "Pilot""
1826:"Australia, Academic Career Structure"
1690:
1688:
76:
1521:show is also traditionally known as "
526:Mentoring more junior academic staff;
7:
1276:, frequently used professors as the
354:"; the Latin term came from the "...
2240:Dettmar, Kevin (2 September 2021).
1192:For a more comprehensive list, see
964:ranks, but are part-time adjuncts.
787:; the list above provides details.
4408:Education and training occupations
3375:
2371:Union Theological College, Belfast
2114:Classification of Ranks and Titles
1053:United Kingdom – top universities
491:in their specialties (i.e., they "
57:
2311:"Music: Machines & Musicians"
2158:"Viola Davis as Annalise Keating"
1300:series, set at the wizard school
1025:United States – top universities
4377:
4376:
2419:
2407:
2395:
2317:. 30 August 1937. Archived from
1669:Hartley, Tom (26 January 2013).
1621:Pettigrew, Todd (17 June 2011).
83:
2834:Certificate of Higher Education
1828:. European University Institute
1650:. European University Institute
1437:franchise, Professor Marvel in
942:Professors in the United States
374:, but is obsolete in England."
4018:
1453:adopts 'The Professor' as his
320:The Ancient Greek philosopher
1:
2424:The dictionary definition of
1399:American Broadcasting Company
1248:. The modern animated series
434:is used in place of the term
1899:"Deutscher Hochschulverband"
1877:Times Higher Education (THE)
1852:Western Governors University
1781:10.1016/j.edurev.2020.100365
1739:Western Governors University
1463:or the Jerry Lewis-inspired
1342:, a professor as well as an
1194:List of fictional professors
2830:Diploma of Higher Education
2569:Research and teaching track
1994:Sapienza Università di Roma
1768:Educational Research Review
1722:Innovative Higher Education
1601:Online Etymology Dictionary
1546:Sacrae Theologiae Professor
1493:The title has been used by
1411:How to Get Away with Murder
1338:as shy or absent-minded is
1256:Professor Hubert Farnsworth
1210:The Absent-Minded Professor
523:in their academic training;
4429:
3224:Weberian (three-component)
1268:, author and professor of
1191:
934:
879:
801:Deutscher Hochschulverband
775:and other institutions of
552:
341:(14c.) and directly from
68:Professor (disambiguation)
61:
4372:
4038:
4025:
4012:
3382:
3369:
3182:
3153:
2267:"The Wizard of Oz (1939)"
1280:in his novels. Professor
276:Professors often conduct
222:(commonly abbreviated as
82:
4346:Pre-industrial East Asia
1806:. Free Online Dictionary
1220:The Adventures of Tintin
916:The importance of these
835:example between 158,953
563:Academic ranks worldwide
465:, Emeritus Professor at
236:post-secondary education
64:Faculty (academic staff)
39:latest accepted revision
3394:Administrative detainee
2826:Higher National Diploma
2686:Distinguished professor
2665:Postdoctoral researcher
2464:Academic ranks overview
2166:The Walt Disney Company
2126:Hiscock, Peter (2012).
1460:Chitty Chitty Bang Bang
1284:is a main character in
1236:; or simply evil, like
882:Academic ranks in Spain
826:Germany and Switzerland
545:grant-raising success.
337:
3810:
2625:Senior research fellow
2412:Quotations related to
1700:Times Higher Education
1497:, such as "Professor"
918:
909:
903:
897:
892:
849:Cantons of Switzerland
811:
555:List of academic ranks
469:
360:
346:
325:
298:thesis or dissertation
66:. For other uses, see
4351:Pre-industrial Europe
2933:Candidate of Sciences
2720:Professor of practice
2501:North American system
2289:"The Prestige (2006)"
2089:(23 September 2015).
2087:SEO Economic Research
1901:. Hochschulverband.de
1244:of British detective
935:Further information:
880:Further information:
798:
461:
319:
4208: or countries
4019:By country or region
3257:Class discrimination
3003:Academic certificate
2895:Postgraduate diploma
2404:at Wikimedia Commons
1482:Chronicles of Narnia
1316:. In the board game
1233:Diamonds Are Forever
1003:Associate professor
1000:Assistant professor
841:University of Zurich
467:Princeton University
3740:Vanniar (Chieftain)
3038:Professional degree
2596:associate professor
2563:Commonwealth system
2520:Associate professor
2515:Assistant professor
1535:Academic discipline
1385:(1973) remains the
1286:George Bernard Shaw
993:
958:associate professor
954:assistant professor
432:associate professor
427:associate professor
421:assistant professor
280:and commonly teach
271:assistant professor
267:associate professor
253:In most systems of
170:professional degree
79:
29:Page version status
4321:18th-century Spain
4175:Standard of living
3879:Upper middle class
3874:Lower middle class
3465:Political prisoner
3247:Chattering classes
3219:Spoon class theory
2965:Doctor of Sciences
2742:Teaching assistant
2655:Research associate
2650:Research assistant
2634:research professor
2615:Research assistant
2577:Associate lecturer
1879:. 13 November 2015
1702:. 14 November 2016
1551:Doctor of Divinity
1489:Non-academic usage
1408:television series
1361:on the television
1238:Professor Moriarty
1215:Professor Calculus
1167:Research professor
991:
812:
470:
372:Elizabethan period
326:
157:Education required
35:
4390:
4389:
4368:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4201:
4200:
4008:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3902:Lumpenproletariat
3404:illegal immigrant
3365:
3364:
3277:Classless society
3107:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3057:Specialist degree
2941:
2940:
2909:Engineer's degree
2866:
2865:
2853:Bachelor's degree
2821:Foundation degree
2755:
2754:
2544:Adjunct professor
2400:Media related to
2367:"REINFORCEMENTS!"
1595:Harper, Douglas.
1540:Adjunct professor
1368:Gilligan's Island
1324:Christopher Lloyd
1164:
1163:
868:According to The
816:employee benefits
765:
764:
521:graduate students
514:community service
500:original research
278:original research
217:
216:
47:22 September 2024
16:(Redirected from
4420:
4380:
4379:
4207:
4108:Mexican-American
4036:
4027:
4014:
3815:
3758:Business magnate
3648:Knowledge worker
3533:
3421:dual or multiple
3384:
3371:
3325:Social exclusion
3320:Social cleansing
3234:
3184:
3173:Economic classes
3134:
3127:
3120:
3111:
3043:Graduate diploma
2960:Higher doctorate
2950:
2877:
2816:Associate degree
2803:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2759:
2643:Junior positions
2536:Non-tenure track
2525:Professor (full)
2482:Ranks and titles
2458:
2451:
2444:
2435:
2423:
2411:
2399:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2373:. 26 August 2021
2363:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2347:. 22 August 2008
2337:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2321:on 17 April 2008
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2138:(2/3): 156–177.
2123:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2095:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1965:"Esplora i dati"
1961:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1783:
1765:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1731:
1725:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1592:
1569:Scholarly method
1439:The Wizard of Oz
1391:Annalise Keating
1266:Vladimir Nabokov
994:
986:purchasing power
979:Shanghai-ranking
975:purchasing power
921:
912:
906:
900:
809:
757:
750:
743:
559:
549:Around the world
509:in their fields;
365:
353:
349:
340:
294:graduate schools
132:Activity sectors
87:
80:
21:
18:Senior Professor
4428:
4427:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4393:
4392:
4391:
4386:
4360:
4309:
4197:
4169:
4136:
4120:Underprivileged
4062:
4021:
4020:
3996:
3926:
3883:
3843:
3825:
3744:
3662:
3622:
3524:
3479:
3378:
3377:
3361:
3340:Social position
3330:Social mobility
3228:
3178:
3149:
3148:
3138:
3108:
3099:
3082:Honorary degree
3070:
3066:Terminal degree
3028:Magister degree
3013:External degree
2995:
2989:
2937:
2913:
2890:Master's degree
2862:
2838:
2792:
2790:academic degree
2786:
2756:
2751:
2747:Teaching fellow
2708:Head of college
2674:Other positions
2669:
2660:Research fellow
2638:
2620:Research fellow
2587:Senior lecturer
2558:
2496:
2465:
2462:
2392:
2387:
2386:
2376:
2374:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2350:
2348:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2324:
2322:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2294:
2292:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2250:
2248:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2224:
2222:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2170:
2168:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2112:
2108:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2070:
2068:
2063:
2062:
2058:
2048:
2046:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2023:
2021:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1996:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1948:
1946:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1923:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1904:
1902:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1882:
1880:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1856:
1854:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1809:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1763:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1743:
1741:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1694:
1693:
1686:
1676:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1631:
1629:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1605:
1603:
1594:
1593:
1582:
1577:
1531:
1491:
1466:Professor Frink
1382:The Paper Chase
1330:counterpart, a
1246:Sherlock Holmes
1197:
1190:
1178:northern Europe
1169:
1039:United Kingdom
1006:Full professor
970:
939:
933:
884:
878:
866:
857:
828:
803:
793:
777:higher learning
761:
732:
557:
551:
456:
398:, the title of
380:
351:
314:
306:vice-chancellor
304:, principal or
196:
184:
182:
174:terminal degree
166:doctoral degree
162:Master's degree
158:
133:
113:
112:Occupation type
93:
90:Albert Einstein
71:
60:
55:
54:
53:
52:
51:
50:
34:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4426:
4424:
4416:
4415:
4413:Professorships
4410:
4405:
4403:Academic ranks
4395:
4394:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4384:
4373:
4370:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4341:Ottoman Empire
4338:
4333:
4328:
4326:Ancient Greece
4323:
4317:
4315:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4300:United Kingdom
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4211:
4209:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4193:Home-ownership
4190:
4185:
4179:
4177:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4146:
4144:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4072:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4048:American Dream
4045:
4039:
4033:
4023:
4022:
4017:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3961:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3936:
3934:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3893:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3865:
3864:
3853:
3851:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3835:
3833:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3816:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3754:
3752:
3746:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3672:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3632:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3620:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3553:
3552:
3541:
3539:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3491:
3489:
3481:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3460:Migrant worker
3457:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3413:
3412:
3411:
3406:
3396:
3390:
3388:
3380:
3379:
3376:By demographic
3374:
3367:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3356:Status Anxiety
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3310:Ranked society
3307:
3302:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3252:Class conflict
3249:
3244:
3238:
3236:
3235: topics
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3209:Mudsill theory
3206:
3201:
3196:
3190:
3188:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3114:
3105:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3092:
3084:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3054:
3052:Higher diploma
3049:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3008:Artist diploma
3005:
2999:
2997:
2996:classification
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2956:
2954:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2924:
2922:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2858:Honours degree
2855:
2849:
2847:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2823:
2818:
2812:
2810:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2762:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2735:Vice-principal
2732:
2722:
2717:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2646:
2644:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:Research track
2604:
2603:
2598:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2417:
2405:
2391:
2390:External links
2388:
2385:
2384:
2358:
2332:
2302:
2280:
2258:
2232:
2206:
2178:
2149:
2118:
2106:
2078:
2056:
2031:
2019:World Salaries
2006:
1981:
1956:
1929:
1912:
1890:
1864:
1839:
1817:
1795:
1751:
1726:
1713:
1684:
1661:
1639:
1613:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1554:
1542:
1537:
1530:
1527:
1519:Punch and Judy
1490:
1487:
1444:The Nutcracker
1326:played Plum's
1189:
1186:
1174:United Kingdom
1168:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1011:United States
1008:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
969:
968:Table of wages
966:
950:academic ranks
932:
929:
877:
874:
870:World Salaries
865:
862:
856:
853:
827:
824:
792:
789:
763:
762:
760:
759:
752:
745:
737:
734:
733:
731:
730:
725:
723:United Kingdom
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
603:Czech Republic
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
569:
566:
565:
553:Main article:
550:
547:
542:
541:
530:
527:
524:
517:
510:
496:
481:
455:
452:
379:
376:
313:
310:
259:full professor
255:academic ranks
215:
214:
197:
194:
191:
190:
185:
180:
177:
176:
159:
156:
153:
152:
149:
145:
144:
140:
139:
134:
131:
128:
127:
114:
111:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
95:
94:
92:as a professor
88:
58:
56:
36:
30:
27:
25:
24:
23:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4425:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4383:
4375:
4374:
4371:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4312:
4306:
4305:United States
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4206:Other regions
4204:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4176:
4172:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4121:
4118:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4096:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4069:
4065:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4031:United States
4028:
4024:
4015:
4011:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3886:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3832:
3828:
3822:
3821:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3741:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3665:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3619:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3547:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3531:
3527:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3482:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3470:Socioeconomic
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3414:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3372:
3368:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3345:Social stigma
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3335:Social orphan
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3294:
3293:Nouveau riche
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3267:Class traitor
3265:
3263:
3262:Class society
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3199:Gilbert model
3197:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3155:
3152:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3135:
3130:
3128:
3123:
3121:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2992:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2948:
2944:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2904:Diplom degree
2902:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2798:Undergraduate
2795:
2791:
2783:
2778:
2776:
2771:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2530:Endowed Chair
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2487:Professorship
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2459:
2454:
2452:
2447:
2445:
2440:
2439:
2436:
2430:at Wiktionary
2429:
2428:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2372:
2368:
2362:
2359:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2290:
2284:
2281:
2268:
2262:
2259:
2247:
2243:
2236:
2233:
2221:
2220:The A.V. Club
2217:
2210:
2207:
2195:
2194:
2193:The A.V. Club
2189:
2182:
2179:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2122:
2119:
2115:
2110:
2107:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2067:. Sofokles.nl
2066:
2060:
2057:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
1995:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1944:
1940:
1933:
1930:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1878:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1840:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1805:
1799:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1762:
1755:
1752:
1740:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1723:
1717:
1714:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1673:. Tom Hartley
1672:
1665:
1662:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1628:
1624:
1617:
1614:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1574:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1469:character on
1468:
1467:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1377:John Houseman
1374:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1359:the Professor
1355:
1354:
1353:Indiana Jones
1349:
1345:
1341:
1340:Indiana Jones
1335:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1282:Henry Higgins
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1261:
1260:mad scientist
1257:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1205:absent-minded
1202:
1195:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1182:United States
1179:
1175:
1166:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
995:
989:
987:
982:
980:
976:
967:
965:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
938:
931:United States
930:
928:
925:
920:
914:
911:
905:
899:
894:
890:
883:
875:
873:
871:
863:
861:
854:
852:
850:
846:
842:
838:
833:
825:
823:
821:
817:
807:
802:
797:
790:
788:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
758:
753:
751:
746:
744:
739:
738:
736:
735:
729:
728:United States
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
570:
568:
567:
564:
560:
556:
548:
546:
539:
535:
531:
528:
525:
522:
518:
515:
511:
508:
505:
504:peer reviewed
501:
497:
494:
490:
486:
482:
479:
475:
474:
473:
468:
464:
463:Toni Morrison
460:
453:
451:
449:
447:
441:
439:
438:
433:
429:
428:
423:
422:
416:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
392:United States
389:
385:
377:
375:
373:
369:
364:
363:
357:
348:
344:
339:
335:
331:
323:
318:
311:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
282:undergraduate
279:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
249:
245:
242:derives from
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
213:
209:
205:
201:
198:
192:
189:
186:
178:
175:
171:
168:(e.g., PhD),
167:
163:
160:
154:
150:
146:
141:
138:
135:
129:
126:
122:
118:
115:
109:
105:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
75:
73:
69:
65:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
4356:Soviet Union
4331:Ancient Rome
4188:Homelessness
4113:Upper Middle
3985: /
3966: /
3957: /
3922:Working poor
3818:
3805:Robber baron
3652:
3628:Intellectual
3618:Royal family
3582:Ancient Rome
3436:second-class
3354:
3297:
3296: /
3291:
3287:High society
3194:Elite theory
3171:
3164:
3157:
3144:Social class
3087:
2970:Habilitation
2953:Postdoctoral
2872:Postgraduate
2730:Head teacher
2725:Schoolmaster
2714:Privatdozent
2712:
2703:Habilitation
2690:
2629:
2600:
2507:Tenure track
2492:Tenure track
2486:
2426:
2416:at Wikiquote
2375:. Retrieved
2370:
2361:
2349:. Retrieved
2345:the Guardian
2344:
2335:
2323:. Retrieved
2319:the original
2314:
2305:
2293:. Retrieved
2283:
2271:. Retrieved
2261:
2249:. Retrieved
2246:The Atlantic
2245:
2235:
2223:. Retrieved
2219:
2209:
2197:. Retrieved
2191:
2181:
2169:. Retrieved
2161:
2152:
2135:
2131:
2121:
2109:
2097:. Retrieved
2081:
2069:. Retrieved
2059:
2047:. Retrieved
2043:
2034:
2022:. Retrieved
2018:
2009:
1997:. Retrieved
1993:
1984:
1972:. Retrieved
1968:
1959:
1947:. Retrieved
1945:(in Italian)
1942:
1932:
1915:
1903:. Retrieved
1893:
1881:. Retrieved
1876:
1867:
1855:. Retrieved
1851:
1842:
1830:. Retrieved
1820:
1808:. Retrieved
1798:
1771:
1767:
1754:
1742:. Retrieved
1738:
1729:
1721:
1716:
1704:. Retrieved
1699:
1675:. Retrieved
1664:
1652:. Retrieved
1642:
1630:. Retrieved
1626:
1616:
1604:. Retrieved
1600:
1564:Habilitation
1556:
1545:
1492:
1480:
1472:The Simpsons
1470:
1464:
1458:
1450:The Prestige
1448:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1420:
1409:
1380:
1366:
1351:
1344:archeologist
1336:
1332:psychologist
1317:
1297:Harry Potter
1295:
1289:
1278:protagonists
1264:
1249:
1231:
1230:in the film
1225:Bond villain
1218:
1208:
1198:
1170:
1109:Switzerland
1095:Netherlands
983:
971:
962:tenure-track
957:
953:
940:
915:
885:
869:
867:
864:Saudi Arabia
858:
829:
813:
773:universities
766:
703:South Africa
543:
534:examinations
471:
444:
442:
436:
431:
425:
419:
417:
408:universities
399:
387:
384:Commonwealth
381:
367:
329:
327:
290:professional
286:postgraduate
275:
262:
258:
252:
239:
232:universities
223:
219:
218:
195:Related jobs
148:Competencies
74:
72:
46:
37:This is the
31:
4275:New Zealand
3992:Untouchable
3917:Proletariat
3907:Pea-pickers
3857:Bourgeoisie
3545:Aristocracy
3431:naturalized
3426:native-born
3047:certificate
3033:Microdegree
2994:No dominant
2899:certificate
1706:29 November
1677:28 November
1654:28 November
1597:"Professor"
1503:Soupy Sales
1499:Irwin Corey
1477:C. S. Lewis
1431:Professor X
1403:legal drama
1397:) from the
1395:Viola Davis
1393:(played by
1203:, are shy,
898:quinquenios
804: [
673:New Zealand
668:Netherlands
483:Presenting
378:Description
172:, or other
143:Description
4397:Categories
4265:Luxembourg
4155:Inequality
3820:Superclass
3611:Hereditary
3587:Post-Roman
3578:Patrician
3448:adolescent
3272:Classicide
3023:Licentiate
2788:Levels of
2692:Agrégation
2681:Chancellor
2549:Instructor
2402:Professors
2251:2 November
1832:4 December
1774:: 100365.
1575:References
1455:stage name
1348:adventurer
1310:McGonagall
1306:Dumbledore
1201:stereotype
1188:In fiction
845:ETH Zurich
820:consulting
540:defenses).
519:Mentoring
512:Providing
356:agent noun
338:professeur
334:Old French
234:and other
212:researcher
183:employment
98:Occupation
4290:Sri Lanka
4183:Education
4150:Household
4043:Affluence
3978:Rat tribe
3940:Ant tribe
3912:Precariat
3897:Lazzaroni
3839:Bohemians
3800:Overclass
3795:Old money
3731:Spartiate
3706:Kshatriya
3696:Hashashin
3653:Professor
3594:Political
3567:Oligarchy
3557:Hanseaten
3475:Stateless
3455:Convicted
3387:By status
3350:Subaltern
3282:Euthenics
3214:New class
3088:Ad eundem
3059:/
3045:/
2928:Doctorate
2897:/
2832:/
2828:/
2630:Professor
2601:Professor
2427:professor
2414:Professor
2377:29 August
2351:29 August
2295:16 August
2273:16 August
2144:0029-5973
2071:16 August
2024:11 August
1999:9 January
1974:9 January
1949:9 January
1905:16 August
1810:16 August
1790:1747-938X
1744:11 August
1632:6 October
1627:Maclean's
1523:Professor
1515:puppeteer
1495:comedians
1422:The Chair
1373:castaways
1294:. In the
1291:Pygmalion
1242:archenemy
1118:€101,493
1034:€103,666
578:Australia
573:Argentina
538:viva voce
476:Managing
448:professor
400:professor
388:professor
368:professor
362:profiteri
347:professor
330:professor
328:The term
312:Etymology
302:president
263:professor
240:professor
220:Professor
188:Academics
181:Fields of
137:Academics
117:Education
106:Professor
78:Professor
4382:Category
4314:Historic
4235:Colombia
4225:Cambodia
4160:Personal
4058:Mobility
3987:Freedman
3973:Plebeian
3959:Prisoner
3945:Commoner
3831:Creative
3812:Seigneur
3778:Nobility
3736:Vanniyar
3721:Pendekar
3681:Cossacks
3315:Snobbery
3187:Theories
3075:Unearned
2582:Lecturer
2554:Lecturer
2470:Overview
2325:9 August
2099:12 April
1943:euronews
1558:Emeritus
1529:See also
1507:pianists
1365:series,
1302:Hogwarts
1288:'s play
1251:Futurama
1160:€45,113
1157:€37,500
1154:€34,947
1146:€42,357
1143:€35,783
1140:€30,005
1132:€42,535
1129:€37,429
1126:€32,540
1123:Belgium
1115:€89,951
1112:€78,396
1104:€50,847
1101:€42,062
1098:€34,671
1090:€38,247
1087:€30,088
1084:€24,686
1076:€47,894
1073:€42,124
1070:€33,182
1067:Germany
1062:€84,894
1059:€45,235
1056:€39,855
1048:€60,478
1045:€44,952
1042:€36,436
1031:€68,429
1028:€59,310
1020:€77,061
1017:€52,367
1014:€46,475
997:Country
946:academia
924:prestige
919:sexenios
910:sexenios
904:sexenios
893:trienios
785:academia
781:scholars
769:colleges
718:Thailand
698:Slovakia
683:Portugal
663:Malaysia
598:Colombia
507:journals
489:seminars
485:lectures
478:teaching
446:honorary
412:emeritus
322:Socrates
230:rank at
228:academic
226:) is an
204:lecturer
125:teaching
121:research
43:reviewed
4285:Romania
4280:Nigeria
4165:Poverty
4068:Classes
4053:History
3964:Peasant
3950:Outcast
3889:Working
3869:Burgher
3726:Samurai
3716:Ocēlōtl
3676:Chhetri
3668:Warrior
3658:Scholar
3572:Russian
3562:Magnate
3550:Aristoi
3529:By type
3416:Citizen
3409:refugee
3305:Poverty
3299:Parvenu
3233:Related
3204:Marxian
3166:Stratum
3061:diploma
2921:level 8
2883:level 7
2846:level 6
2809:level 5
2477:Faculty
1606:28 July
1511:saloons
1433:in the
1406:mystery
1387:epitome
1274:Cornell
1270:English
1228:Blofeld
1151:Norway
1137:Sweden
1081:France
889:Spanish
633:Hungary
628:Germany
618:Finland
608:Denmark
493:profess
248:experts
200:Teacher
4240:France
4220:Belize
4215:Africa
4142:Income
4098:Middle
4091:Gentry
3955:Outlaw
3862:Petite
3849:Middle
3783:Landed
3768:Gentry
3701:Knight
3641:Priest
3636:Clergy
3599:Family
3537:Ruling
3486:collar
3443:Clique
3159:Status
3090:degree
3018:Laurea
2985:Fellow
2980:Tenure
2975:Docent
2698:Docent
2592:Reader
2291:. IMDb
2269:. IMDb
2225:21 May
2199:21 May
2171:21 May
2142:
2049:1 July
1883:30 May
1857:30 May
1788:
1553:(D.D.)
1401:(ABC)
1363:sitcom
1319:Cluedo
791:Salary
713:Sweden
693:Serbia
688:Russia
678:Norway
653:Jordan
643:Israel
623:France
588:Canada
583:Brazil
437:reader
396:Canada
208:reader
4336:Aztec
4295:Tibet
4270:Nepal
4260:Italy
4250:India
4245:Haiti
4230:China
4130:Under
4125:Lower
4103:Black
4086:Donor
4081:Black
4076:Upper
3983:Slave
3932:Under
3788:Petty
3763:Elite
3750:Upper
3691:Harii
3686:Cuāuh
3520:White
3500:Green
3399:Alien
3242:Caste
2946:Other
2919:ISCED
2881:ISCED
2844:ISCED
2807:ISCED
2132:Numen
2094:(PDF)
1969:USTAT
1924:(PDF)
1764:(PDF)
1517:of a
1435:X-Men
1414:is a
1314:Snape
922:as a
876:Spain
855:Italy
808:]
767:Many
708:Spain
658:Kenya
648:Italy
638:India
613:Egypt
593:China
454:Tasks
410:. An
358:from
343:Latin
288:, or
244:Latin
224:Prof.
103:Names
4255:Iran
3968:Serf
3773:Lord
3711:Nair
3604:List
3515:Pink
3505:Grey
3495:Blue
3484:By "
2379:2021
2353:2021
2327:2009
2315:Time
2297:2013
2275:2013
2253:2022
2227:2016
2201:2016
2173:2016
2140:ISSN
2101:2008
2073:2013
2051:2022
2026:2023
2001:2022
1976:2022
1951:2022
1907:2013
1885:2022
1859:2022
1834:2018
1812:2013
1786:ISSN
1746:2023
1708:2017
1679:2017
1656:2017
1634:2016
1608:2007
1501:and
1328:film
1312:and
1254:has
771:and
487:and
424:and
394:and
269:and
3510:New
2632:or
2594:or
2162:ABC
1776:doi
1509:in
1479:'s
1416:law
1272:at
1217:of
1213:or
988:).
981:).
952:of
837:CHF
783:in
536:or
502:in
495:");
404:PhD
45:on
4399::
2369:.
2343:.
2313:.
2244:.
2218:.
2190:.
2164:.
2160:.
2136:59
2134:.
2130:.
2042:.
2017:.
1992:.
1967:.
1941:.
1875:.
1850:.
1784:.
1772:31
1770:.
1766:.
1737:.
1698:.
1687:^
1625:.
1599:.
1583:^
1485:.
1375:.
1308:,
1262:.
1240:,
956:,
891::
851:.
806:de
284:,
210:,
206:,
202:,
164:,
123:,
119:,
41:,
3738:/
3488:"
3133:e
3126:t
3119:v
2781:e
2774:t
2767:v
2457:e
2450:t
2443:v
2381:.
2355:.
2329:.
2299:.
2277:.
2255:.
2229:.
2203:.
2175:.
2146:.
2116:.
2103:.
2075:.
2053:.
2028:.
2003:.
1978:.
1953:.
1926:.
1909:.
1887:.
1861:.
1836:.
1814:.
1792:.
1778::
1748:.
1710:.
1681:.
1658:.
1636:.
1610:.
1424:.
1346:-
1196:.
887:(
832:€
756:e
749:t
742:v
352:'
70:.
49:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
