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Tara Singh, an attack on the self-respect of the Sikhs. He said, "We ourselves have enacted this Act and we are responsible for implementing it, then why this condition?" Teja Singh
Samundari died of a heart attack in the jail after some time. The Punjab Government failed to prove the charges against Master Tara Singh and the remaining Akalis, few months later they all were released unconditionally. The courage and sacrifice shown by the Akalis during the trial very soon drove the Mehtab Singh's group out of the political field and led to a rift in the Akali ranks, as the newly released Akalis condemned Mehtab Singh's group as collaborators. Mehtab Singh's group was also known as 'Rai Bahadur Party'. This group had majority in the committee and Mehtab Singh was elected its president. The Akali Party launched a campaign against the conditionally released leaders. When the new elections for the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee were held, the Akali Party won majority and the newly elected Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee elected Kharak Singh as the President and Master Tara Singh as the Vice President. Since
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ended what came to be known in common parlance as the 'Third Sikh War'. The Punjab government withdrew its orders declaring the
Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee and other Akali organs as unlawful associations and recognized the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee as a representative body of the Sikhs. In making the Punjab government agree to such recognition, the Akali leadership undoubtedly scored a victory over the bureaucracy. The Sikh Gurdwara bill met most of the demands of the Sikhs, but the government was willing to release the prisoners conditionally i.e. on the understanding to be given by the Akalis that they would agree to work for the Gurdwara Act. The Shiromani Akali Dal and the executive declared conditions imposed for the release of prisoners as wholly unnecessary, unjust and derogatory. Among the prominent Akalis, Mehtab Singh and
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with Akalis from 'Khara Sauda Bar' joined him. On 25 January, a group of about forty workers took over the control of Sri Darbar Sahib Tarn-Taran from its Mahant. In the ensuing conflict two Akalis were killed and several others wounded by the henchmen of the
Mahants. The Mahants were ousted from the
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The Sikh leadership was fully aware of the importance of the press for the success of any movement. It enlisted the active support and sympathy of some of the important nationalist papers in the country like 'The
Independent', Swaraj (Hindi), The Tribune, Liberal, Kesri (Urdu), Milap (Urdu), Zamindar
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along with twenty other Akali leaders accepted the conditional release. Master Tara Singh, Bhag Singh
Advocate, Teja Singh Samundari, Teja singh Akerpuri (Jathedar Akal Takht) and Fifteen other Akalis did not come out as government emphasis on eliciting written assurance and acceptance was to Master
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started a non-violent struggle against the government for the control of the
Gurdwaras. The reports of some immoral acts perpetrated at Tarn-Taran reached the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee at its meeting on 14 January 1921. A fortnight earlier a local jatha was beaten up and not allowed to
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had started taking interest in Sikh religious affairs. He was one of the 175 members elected to the committee. The formation of
Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee provided a focal point for the movement for the reformation of Sikh religious places. The committee began to take over management of
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are also at risk due to neglectful and poorly made judgements without consulting botanical experts, such as strangling the roots and base with concrete and marble, covering the trees with fibre glass, and erecting steel beams around the trunks. Efforts are ongoing to revive and preserve the life of
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The Act made a
Central Gurdwara Board elected by the Sikhs to be the custodian of all important Sikh places of worship. The first meeting of the Gurdwara board passed a resolution that its designation be changed to Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee, which was accepted by the government. Thus
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After being criticized for their lack of action in responding the growing number of Sikhs leaving the fold and converting to
Christianity and not addressing the caste and social issues that gives impetus to the phenomenon, and as a response to the allegations and growing tension between the local
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The SGPC has been accused of representing the interests of Jat Sikhs over other castes and its membership and leadership being dominated by members of the Jat community, which makes other castes feel left out and discriminated against. In defence, the SGPC's early history of fighting casteism has
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had not yet been released the responsibility of the president fell on the shoulders of Master Tara Singh.At the time of 1996 the first time SGPC election is held in
Himachal Pradesh and the first person who won from that seat is the candidate of Panthak Akalidal whose name is Satnam Singh Gill.
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Colour photograph with the caption of ‘Two Sikhs sit in front of the small sanctuary next to the western door of the Darbar Sahib (Golden Temple)’, taken on 15 January 1914 by a Frenchman by the name of Stéphane Passet. This structure and the frescoes seen inside are no longer extant and were
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Whether it is the Shiromani Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee or the Akal Takht or even the political Akali Dal which draws its strength from the former two, there is no appreciation for our heritage. Scholars like us do not matter in the scheme of things, because we obstruct their commercial
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401:, Bhag singh Advocate, Gurcharn singh Advocate, Teja Singh Akerpuri (Jathedar AkalTakht Sahib) Sohan Singh Josh and Sardar Teja Singh Samundri studied each clause of the bill carefully. The bill met all the Akali demands and was signed into law on 28 July 1925 by the
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The SGPC is governed by the president of SGPC. The SGPC manages the security, financial, facility maintenance and religious aspects of Gurdwaras as well as keeping archaeologically rare and sacred artifacts, including weapons, clothes, books and writings of the
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would occupy a shrine and try to take over management in its favor from its current incumbents. Sometimes the transfer went peacefully especially in the case of smaller Gurdwaras with less income resources. This was done sometimes with the threat of force.
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On 6 September 2023, the SGPC announced plans to digitize Sikh literature and scriptures kept in the collection of Sri Guru Ramdas Library in Amritsar. There are plans to make the digitized works available to the public on a website in the near future.
1624:. In response to these criticisms, the SGPC announced that it has launched a project to document Sikh heritage. As many as ninety percent of Sikh heritage monuments have been destroyed in Punjab in the name of renovation and
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also played an important role. It brought the necessary awakening among the Sikh masses and prepared them to undertake the struggle for reform. With the direct and indirect support of the Central Sikh League, the
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327:. The members of the government appointed committee were also included in it. Harbans Singh Attari became vice president and Sunder Singh Ramgarhia became secretary of the committee. By that time
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2781:. P. M. Taylor, Sonia Dhami, Sikh Foundation, National Museum of Natural History. Asian Cultural History Program (First Indian ed.). New Delhi, India. 2021. pp. 296–302.
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of India after its ratification by the Punjab legislative council. The Act came into force on 1 November 1925 with a gazette notification from the government of Punjab.
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from occurring. Large amounts of historical Sikh scriptural manuscripts have been systematically "cremated" (burnt to destruction) over the years at secretive
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became the first woman to be elected president of the SGPC for the second time in September 2004. She had held the same post from March 1999 to November 2000.
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The SGPC has been criticized by Sikh organizations and individuals for having an apathetic and destructive attitude towards historical Sikh heritage sites,
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aspirations. The SGPC patronises these babas and they do not realise that they are converting history into mythology by destroying historical evidence.
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Starting in late 1920, a large number of reformers both in urban and rural Punjab had joined to form separate and independent religious orders called
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1785:(companion of Guru Nanak), have been banned from performing at the Golden Temple since 1947 as the SGPC has altered the rules to only allow baptized
1691:(meaning 'sacred shrine within every home') to counter missionaries targeting Sikhs and to educate the Sikh population on the tenets of their faith.
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551:(SGPC) is elected by the Members of SGPC. The president holds powers to organise the meetings of SGPC and deal with matters related with issues of
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There were Muslim rababis, too, who used to play in gurdwaras. This system of supporting ragis and rababis collapsed after the British came.
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In 1953, an amendment to the 1925 act allowed the reservation of 20 out 140 seats on the SGPC for the members of the Sikh scheduled castes
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to manage the Harimandir Sahib. Sikhs held their scheduled meeting and elected a bigger committee consisting of 175 members and named it
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passed a motion to allow women to perform there in 2019. In 1999, Bibi Jagir Kaur became the first female president of the SGPC.
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Sikhs to perform services at the Golden Temple. Before partition, they were granted special allowance to perform at the temple.
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and shortest-served is Gopal Singh Qaumi who served only for one day in June 1933. The first and the only woman president was
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The SGPC has been accused for enforcing their standards on who and who is not considered a Sikh. This leaves many heterodox
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leadership summoned a general assembly of the Sikhs holding all shades of opinion on 15 November 1920 in vicinity of the
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3020:"Religious Conversion In Punjab: Not All Churchgoers Are Christian & That Makes Majority Sikhs Nervous — Article 14"
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2582:, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A313972601/AONE?u=anon~bc4b7e36&sid=googleScholar&xid=807b241c. Accessed 8 Jan. 2023.
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352:(Urdu) and Bande Matram (Hindi).Two of the vernacular dailies Akali (Pbi.) and the Akali-te-Pardesi (Urdu), edited by
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been highlighted and the actions they take against reported instances of caste-based discrimination. Also, a former
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3355:"'Why women not allowed to perform kirtan in Golden Temple sanctum sanctorum' | Chandigarh News - Times of India"
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3119:"SGPC takes up issue of religious conversion of Sikhs with minority commission | Amritsar News - Times of India"
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Ram, Ronki. “Social Exclusion, Resistance and Deras: Exploring the Myth of Casteless Sikh Society in Punjab.”
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trees surrounding the Golden Temple. The SGPC has also been criticized for their lack of action on preventing
1944:"Official Website of Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee, Sri Amritsar – SGPC Administration / Officials"
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3488:"Muslims not allowed inside sanctum sanctorum of Kartarpur Sahib gurdwara | Amritsar News - Times of India"
3211:"Shorn of Identity - SGPC says a Sikh is one with untrimmed hair. And so makes half the community apostate"
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343:. The primary purpose of a jatha was to gain control over local gurdwaras. A jatha under the command of a
319:. Two days before the proposed conference the British government set up its own committee consisting of 36
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2366:"Row over heritage structure: SGPC task force, Sikh activists clash at Golden Temple construction site"
311:. The purpose of this assembly was to elect a representative committee of the Sikhs to administer the
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Supreme Gurdwara Management Committee) is an organization in India responsible for the management of
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3230:"Violations of Parole: Language, Religion, and Power Among the Modern Udasi Movement and the Sgpc"
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2893:"SGPC decided to establish a press in America and print the holy images of Sri Guru Granth Sahib"
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2340:"'Don't demolish history': Sikh groups protest against SGPC's plans to renovate 90-year-old inn"
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was appointed first President of the committee. This post got legal status after the passing of
3071:"SGPC sends teams across Punjab to counter religious missionary conversions – HinduTimesCanada"
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Glover, William J. "Shiny new buildings: rebuilding historic sikh gurdwaras in Indian Punjab."
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2995:"How Christianity is growing among Mazhabi Sikhs & Valmiki Hindus in Punjab's villages"
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Gurdwara and the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee appointed a managing committee.
2536:"Beleaguered over Destruction of Heritage, SGPC Plans to Initiate Sikh Archives Project"
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3407:"Participation of women in late-night rites at Golden Temple stokes gender bias debate"
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2445:"Sikhs wake up late to the loss of religious heritage | Ludhiana News - Times of India"
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2719:"BREAKING: Seven Holy Scriptures of Sri Guru Granth Sahib burnt in Sri Mukatsar Sahib"
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SGPC. The SGPC has clarified that members of the Udasi and Nirmala sects are "Sikhs".
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3817:, 10 volumes (English), Sikh University Press, Belgium, 2010–11. 10 volumes (English)
3329:"Explained: Why, despite no rule, women are not allowed kirtan sewa at Golden Temple"
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3620:"Puran Singh alleges corruption in Golden Temple | Chandigarh News - Times of India"
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2969:"Opinion | Why Christian missionaries are trying to convert Sikh youths in Punjab?"
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3302:"The Sikh Times - News and Analysis - Supreme Court: Udasi Dera Is Not a Gurdwara"
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Puri, H.K (2003). "Scheduled castes in Sikh community: A historical perspective".
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The 2016 amendment to the act by the Indian parliament stripped around 7 million '
3592:"Remove harmonium from Golden Temple? Sikh music scholars strike differing notes"
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3432:"Punjab Assembly Passes Resolution To Allow Women Sing Kirtan In Golden Temple"
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1656:, Gurtej Singh, on who is to blame for the plight of Sikh historical heritage:
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2764:...all old manuscripts were sent to Goindval for "cremation" in the late 1980s
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3725:"Disquiet in SGPC, members seek probe by retired HC judges into 'corruption'"
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3144:"Sikh body condemn ongoing Christian "forced conversions" in Punjab | SikhPA"
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3699:"It Is Becoming Clear That The SGPC No Longer Speaks For The Sikh Community"
3514:"Rababi Ghulam Mohammad passes away in Lahore | India News - Times of India"
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2013:
1721:, and others feeling marginalized and erased from the Sikh community by the
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2392:"Sikh Collective starts signature campaign for Sikh Heritage Conservation"
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Allegations of large-scale corruption have been claimed against the SGPC.
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2943:"Why Punjabi Dalits are turning to Christianity en masse | Ground report"
2092:"HT Explainer: What's behind excluding Sehajdharis from Sikh body polls?"
1948:
Official Website of Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee, Sri Amritsar
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2680:"Golden Temple's Dukh Bhanjan Ber freed of concrete | Sikh Sangat News"
2315:"Explained: Punjab politics and Sikhs' caste identity - Times of India"
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became the President. The longest-served president of SGPC till now is
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Sikh and Christian communities, the SGPC had announced a drive called
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2260:"How SGPC fought untouchability, caste system in its formative years"
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1852:"• ENGLISH ARTICLES- Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC)"
3565:"Noted rababi kirtan singer Bhai Chand passes away in Lahore at 80"
3539:
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Women currently are unofficially banned from singing or performing
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Teja Singh Samundri Hall, Sri Harmandir Sahib Complex, Sri Amritsar
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2640:"Restoration of centuries-old berry trees at Golden Temple begins"
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The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News - www.tribuneindia.com
3045:"SGPC launches drive to counter Christian missionaries in Punjab"
2918:"Conversions in Punjab: Lure, superstition, mind games or faith?"
2474:
The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News - www.tribuneindia.com
1851:
5900:
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3185:"Rivalry between Sikhs & Nirankaris is almost a century old"
3092:"Punjab - SGPC launches drive to counter Christian missionaries"
2619:"Efforts on to revive beris at Golden Temple | Sikh Sangat News"
552:
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3540:"Bhai Ghulam Muhammad Chand: lost gem of Rababi kirtan singing"
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SikhNet (republished, originally published by Outlook Magazine)
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The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Punjab - www.tribuneindia.com
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The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Punjab - www.tribuneindia.com
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The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Punjab - www.tribuneindia.com
2510:"SGPC drive to conserve Sikh heritage structures on the cards"
2235:"Simmering discontent: Sikhs in Punjab are fighting many wars"
18:
2419:"Heritage under the hammer | Ludhiana News - Times of India"
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5 volumes (Punjabi), Sikh University Press, Belgium, 2007.
1745:(religious devotional singing and musical performance) in
559:. Since 2008, the president also serves as Chancellor of
2758:
Mann, Gurinder Singh (2001). "8 The Guru Granth Sahib".
549:
president of the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
3827:
2286:"Bias against Dalit Sikhs: SGPC forms two-member panel"
3672:"SGPC budget: Members allege 'large-scale corruption'"
1918:"SGPC bans shooting of films at Golden Temple complex"
361:
and the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee, the
332:
gurdwaras one by one, and were resisted by incumbent
450:
President of Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
6157:
6011:
5915:
5802:
5573:
5533:
5491:
5465:
5405:
5199:
5192:
5156:
5084:
5058:
5026:
4993:
4960:
4917:
4809:
4800:
4754:
4709:
4586:
4330:
4208:
4140:
4022:
3972:
3903:
3462:"Wish of Mardana's descendent may not be fulfilled"
2036:Panwar, Ranjit Singh; Shankar, Kripa, eds. (2008).
1753:, a gurdwara under the management of the SGPC. The
530:
524:
506:
496:
488:
476:
449:
208:
196:
172:
164:
156:
148:
140:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3801:Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee Kiven Bani
1904:"Education thrust area in Rs 1,064-cr SGPC budget"
1641:(desecrations) of the Guru Granth Sahib and other
492:Members of Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
212:
2594:"Covering 'beri' tree may disturb birds' habitat"
2042:. New Delhi: Hemkunt Publishers. pp. 14–15.
370:at the gurdwara. It decided to send a jatha from
2701:"Do not touch 'beris' in Golden Temple complex"
1658:
5880:
4732:
3868:
2443:Singh, I.P.; Rana, Yudhvir (23 August 2021).
1878:"SGPC executive passes Rs 1,064 crore budget"
555:religion and oversees the managements of the
8:
1599:claims to be from a lower-caste background.
374:under Jathedar Teja Singh Bhuchar. Jathedar
123:
5993:Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee
3647:"SGPC poll a 'dharam yudh', says Baba Bedi"
1970:"SGPC asked to start its own media network"
1832:Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee
6003:Haryana Sikh Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
5887:
5873:
5865:
5196:
4806:
4739:
4725:
4717:
3875:
3861:
3853:
3150:. Sikh Press Association. 2 September 2022
2809:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1827:Haryana Sikh Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
457:
122:
5048:List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
3750:"SGPC den of corruption, allege Taksalis"
3379:Service, Tribune News (7 November 2019).
2094:. No. 16 April 2016. Hindustan Times
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
58:"Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee"
5998:Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee
3756:. Tribune News Service. 16 February 2021
2071:(26(Jun. 28 - 4 Jul. 2003)): 2693–2701.
1822:Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee
740:After Sikh Gurdwara Act (1926-till now)
604:
439:' Sikhs of voting in the SGPC elections
5988:Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
3828:Shiromani Gurdwara Prabhandak Committee
3796:), Sikh University Press, Belgium, 2000
3209:Dogra, Chander Suta (5 February 2022).
3183:Sethi, Chitleen K. (20 November 2018).
2578:, vol. 9, no. 1, summer 2012, pp. 32+.
1843:
431:2016 amendment to Gurdwaras Act of 1925
423:1953 amendment to Gurdwaras Act of 1925
325:Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
315:Complex and other important historical
222:Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
124:Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
16:Indian Sikh administrative organization
3767:
3486:Rana, Yudhvir Rana (5 December 2019).
3381:"'Allow women ragis at Golden Temple'"
3228:Aggarwal, Neil Krishan (1 June 2010).
3161:
2802:
2736:
2657:
2553:
2487:
2208:, vol. 42, no. 40, 2007, pp. 4066–74.
561:Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University
446:
3590:Brar, Kamaldeep Singh (23 May 2022).
3455:
3453:
2886:
2884:
2762:. Oxford Academic. pp. 121–136.
2646:. Tribune News Service. 11 April 2022
2309:
2307:
2228:
2226:
1695:Monopoly on determining Sikh identity
622:Before Sikh Gurdwara Act (1920-1926)
7:
6267:Organisations based in Punjab, India
3803:(Punjabi), Amritsar, S.G.P.C., 2001.
3275:Walia, Varinder (10 December 2002).
2993:Misra, Shubhangi (2 December 2021).
2542:. Sikh24 Punjab Bureau. 31 July 2021
2476:. Tribune News Service. 26 July 2003
245:places of worship, in the states of
47:adding citations to reliable sources
3277:"Udasis are Sikhs, says SGPC chief"
2828:Dogra, Chander Suta (27 May 2013).
2778:Sikh art from the Kapany Collection
2470:"Frescos of Hindu gods whitewashed"
2233:Thampi, Praveen S. (8 March 2008).
1781:, including claimed descendants of
1676:Lack of action towards missionaries
5978:All India Sikh Students Federation
3460:Walia, Varinder (4 October 2004).
2967:Jaiswal, Priya (14 October 2021).
2862:Dogra, Chander Suta (3 May 2016).
566:In 1920 SGPC was established when
14:
6287:Organizations established in 1920
3405:Vinayak, Ramesh (10 March 2003).
3327:Goyal, Divya (15 November 2019).
2891:Singh, Amrik (6 September 2023).
1628:. Historic trees associated with
1603:Allegations of apathy to heritage
1590:Caste_system_in_India § Sikh
6240:
6232:
5963:Shiromani Akali Dal (Democratic)
5906:
5895:
5851:
5850:
5842:
5653:Sikhs in the British Indian Army
3723:Bharti, Vishav (28 March 2022).
3512:Sharma, Amaninder (1 May 2015).
2592:Walia, Varinder (26 June 2004).
2009:"Jagir Kaur is SGPC chief again"
1562:
1539:
1516:
1475:
1452:
1413:
1372:
1349:
1326:
1287:
1248:
1225:
1170:
1131:
1090:
1067:
1044:
1021:
998:
959:
936:
913:
892:
869:
846:
822:
799:
776:
753:
725:
702:
679:
658:
635:
129:
23:
6044:Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale
5843:
4694:Contemporary Sant Mat movements
2725:. Sikh24 Editors. 10 April 2017
2090:Nibber, Gurpreet Singh (2016).
34:needs additional citations for
5943:Shiromani Akali Dal (Longowal)
5938:Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)
5747:Sikhism and sexual orientation
3794:Shiromani Akali Dal (1920–2000
3353:Rana, Yudhvir (27 July 2017).
3117:Rana, Yudhvir (16 June 2022).
2417:Singh, I.P. (7 October 2018).
1:
5973:Shiromani Akali Dal (Sanyukt)
5958:Shiromani Akali Dal (Panthic)
3813:Dilgeer, Dr Harjinder Singh,
3806:Dilgeer, Dr Harjinder Singh,
3799:Dilgeer, Dr Harjinder Singh,
3792:Dilgeer, Dr Harjinder Singh,
2206:Economic and Political Weekly
2065:Economic and Political Weekly
1682:Christianity in Punjab, India
1188:Kirpal Singh 'Chak Sherewal'
6292:1920 establishments in India
3645:Chawla, K.S. (5 July 2004).
3246:10.1080/17448727.2010.484140
2760:The Making of Sikh Scripture
3538:Aslam, Irfan (7 May 2015).
2864:"Have You the Eyes for It?"
1755:Punjab Legislative Assembly
471:since 29 November 2021
253:and the union territory of
6308:
5107:British East India Company
2195:. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
2148:. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
2133:. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
2118:. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
1764:
1732:
1698:
1689:Ghar Ghar Andar Dharamsaal
1679:
1612:demolished some time later
1597:Jathedar of the Akal Takht
1587:
1431:Alwinderpal Singh Pakhoke
585:After passing of this act
542:Jathedar of the Akal Takht
539:
386:
287:
6230:
5968:Shiromani Akali Dal Delhi
5840:
5519:Treaty of Amritsar (1846)
5499:Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
5448:Johann Martin Honigberger
5307:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
3890:
3838:Sikh history book by SGPC
3754:Tribuneindia News Service
3729:Tribuneindia News Service
3385:Tribuneindia News Service
2644:TribuneIndia News Service
2160:Akali movement, 1926-1947
1988:Welcome To DESGPC Website
739:
621:
616:
454:
128:
6069:Harcharan Singh Longowal
5509:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
5504:Tripartite Treaty (1838)
2183:Former President of SGPC
1761:Religious discrimination
676:Sundar Singh Ramgarhiya
576:Sikh Gurdwaras Act, 1925
568:Gurdwara Reform Movement
540:Not to be confused with
359:Indian National Congress
257:. SGPC also administers
6217:Operation Black Thunder
5933:Haryana State Akali Dal
5514:Treaty of Lahore (1846)
5392:Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana
4317:Samadhi of Ranjit Singh
2220:. Accessed 8 Jan. 2023.
2128:Sikh Gurdwara Act, 1925
512:; 103 years ago
160:Management Organisation
6175:Punjab State Agitation
6119:Prem Singh Chandumajra
6024:Sardul Singh Caveeshar
5347:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
5332:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
5322:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
5302:Sher Singh Attariwalla
5297:Sham Singh Attariwalla
5193:Officials and warriors
5102:Emirate of Afghanistan
5008:Battle of Chillianwala
4233:Darbar Sahib Kartarpur
3982:Beliefs and principles
3774:: CS1 maint: others (
3168:: CS1 maint: others (
3148:Sikh Press Association
2743:: CS1 maint: others (
2664:: CS1 maint: others (
2560:: CS1 maint: others (
2494:: CS1 maint: others (
2158:Raghbir Singh (1997).
1817:Balwant Singh Nandgarh
1807:Jathedar of Akal Takht
1669:
1613:
977:Preetam Singh Khuranj
6144:Rajinder Kaur Bhattal
6109:Gurcharan Singh Tohra
6099:Sundar Singh Majithia
6089:Sukhdev Singh Dhindsa
5983:Rashtriya Sikh Sangat
5685:Fariduddin Ganjshakar
5428:François Henri Mouton
5418:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
5257:Khushal Singh Jamadar
5044:Panchayati Revolution
5040:Hill States–Sikh Wars
4995:Second Anglo-Sikh War
4307:Qila Mubarak, Patiala
2813:) CS1 maint: others (
2580:Gale Academic OneFile
1649:gurdwaras in Punjab.
1610:
1558:Harjinder Singh Dhami
1512:Gobind Singh Longowal
1494:Kirpal Singh Badungar
1409:Gurcharan Singh Tohra
1391:Kirpal Singh Badungar
1368:Jagdev Singh Talwandi
1322:Gurcharan Singh Tohra
1283:Gurcharan Singh Tohra
1244:Gurcharan Singh Tohra
1040:Bawa Harkrishan Singh
631:Sundar Singh Majithia
591:Gurcharan Singh Tohra
572:Sundar Singh Majithia
501:Sundar Singh Majithia
467:Harjinder Singh Dhami
389:Gurdwaras Act of 1925
383:Gurdwaras Act of 1925
299:In 1920 the emerging
203:Harjinder Singh Dhami
6195:1984 anti-Sikh riots
6165:Singh Sabha movement
6114:Simranjit Singh Mann
6049:Surjit Singh Barnala
5466:Influential families
5423:Claude Auguste Court
5413:Jean-François Allard
5327:Surat Singh Majithia
5317:Lehna Singh Majithia
5122:Hill States Alliance
4975:Battle of Ferozeshah
4962:First Anglo-Sikh War
4682:Akhand Kirtani Jatha
4660:Piara Singh Bhaniara
4539:United Arab Emirates
4277:Hazuri Bagh Baradari
4007:Cannabis and Sikhism
2188:4 March 2020 at the
1305:Baldev Singh Sibiya
818:Partap Singh Shankar
510:12 October 1920
376:Kartar Singh Jhabbar
43:improve this article
6190:Operation Blue Star
6180:Anandpur Resolution
6124:Partap Singh Kairon
6104:Gian Singh Rarewala
6079:Lachhman Singh Gill
6064:Parkash Singh Badal
6059:Sukhbir Singh Badal
6039:Jagjit Singh Chohan
5928:Shiromani Akali Dal
5757:Idolatry in Sikhism
5675:Nanakshahi calendar
5670:Sikh Light Infantry
5312:Amar Singh Majithia
5247:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
5038:, Katoch–Sikh War,
2973:www.indiatvnews.com
2897:Punjab News Express
2396:The World Sikh News
2017:. 24 September 2004
1771:Traditional Muslim
1063:Gian Singh Rarewala
994:Ishar Singh Majhail
910:Chanan Singh Urara
363:Shiromani Akali Dal
125:
6282:Gurdwaras in India
6277:Sikh organisations
6212:Operation Woodrose
6207:Khalistan movement
6185:Dharam Yudh Morcha
5658:11th Sikh Regiment
5473:Sandhawalia family
5387:Sultan Mahmud Khan
5372:Jarnail Ghaus Khan
5357:Sangat Singh Saini
5252:Dewan Mokham Chand
5127:Kingdom of Mankera
5003:Battle of Ramnagar
4947:Battle of Peshawar
4942:Battle of Nowshera
4819:Battle of Bhangani
4297:Nanak Shahi bricks
4200:Tav-Prasad Savaiye
3992:Sikh Rehat Maryada
3987:Guru Maneyo Granth
3697:Sandhu, Amandeep.
3624:The Times of India
3596:The Indian Express
3518:The Times of India
3492:The Times of India
3359:The Times of India
3333:The Indian Express
3123:The Times of India
3024:www.article-14.com
2830:"Endangered texts"
2449:The Times of India
2423:The Times of India
2344:The Indian Express
2319:The Times of India
2264:The Indian Express
2239:The Economic Times
1882:The Times of India
1858:. 15 November 1920
1812:Chief Khalsa Diwan
1614:
1471:Avtar Singh Makkar
1459:23 September 2004
1439:22 September 2004
1204:Sant Chanan Singh
932:Udham Singh Nagoke
888:Udham Singh Nagoke
865:Mohan Singh Nagoke
601:List of presidents
578:by legislation in
6249:
6248:
6222:Punjab insurgency
6019:Master Tara Singh
5862:
5861:
5543:Bandi Chhor Divas
5527:
5526:
5461:
5460:
5433:Alexander Gardner
5352:Kahan Singh Nakai
5337:Akali Phula Singh
5217:Diwan Bhawani Das
5054:
5053:
4985:Battle of Sobraon
4937:Battle of Shopian
4422:Jammu and Kashmir
4322:Well of Dina Nath
4150:Guru Granth Sahib
3963:Guru Granth Sahib
3958:Guru Gobind Singh
3953:Guru Tegh Bahadur
3843:Sikh history book
3438:. 8 November 2019
3308:. 9 December 2002
3306:www.sikhtimes.com
3098:. 12 October 2021
3051:. 10 October 2021
2788:978-81-949691-2-9
2292:. 22 January 2018
2266:. 13 October 2020
2169:978-81-7117-163-7
2113:Know What is SGPC
1767:Islam and Sikhism
1747:sanctum sanctorum
1576:
1575:
1569:29 November 2021
1549:29 November 2021
1546:27 November 2020
1526:27 November 2020
1523:29 November 2017
1503:28 November 2017
1482:23 November 2005
1462:22 November 2005
1397:27 November 2001
1382:27 November 2001
1379:30 November 2000
1359:30 November 2000
1333:13 November 1991
1313:13 November 1991
1310:28 November 1990
1297:28 November 1990
1294:30 November 1986
1274:30 November 1986
1232:30 November 1972
1212:30 November 1972
1115:16 November 1958
1109:Prem Singh Lalpur
1100:16 November 1958
943:26 November 1950
923:26 November 1950
876:19 November 1944
856:19 November 1944
795:Gopal Singh Qaumi
686:19 February 1922
668:19 February 1922
587:Baba Kharak Singh
538:
537:
416:Baba Kharak Singh
399:Master Tara Singh
393:In early 1920s,
354:Master Tara Singh
329:Master Tara Singh
218:
217:
119:
118:
111:
93:
6299:
6272:Sikhism in India
6244:
6236:
6134:Giani Zail Singh
5953:United Akali Dal
5948:Akali Dal (1920)
5910:
5899:
5889:
5882:
5875:
5866:
5854:
5853:
5846:
5845:
5782:Punjabi language
5742:Women in Sikhism
5282:Balbhadra Kunwar
5242:Hari Singh Nalwa
5232:Misr Diwan Chand
5222:Diwan Buta Singh
5197:
5137:Barakzai dynasty
5112:Kingdom of Nepal
5066:Sikh Khalsa Army
5018:Battle of Gujrat
4980:Battle of Aliwal
4952:Battle of Jamrud
4932:Battle of Multan
4927:Battle of Attock
4919:Afghan–Sikh wars
4811:Mughal-Sikh Wars
4807:
4741:
4734:
4727:
4718:
4598:Sects of Sikhism
4564:Northern Ireland
4292:Moti Bagh Palace
4267:Bahadurgarh Fort
3965:(Sikh holy book)
3948:Guru Har Krishan
3877:
3870:
3863:
3854:
3780:
3779:
3773:
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2549:
2547:
2532:
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2525:
2523:
2521:
2516:. 20 August 2015
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1894:
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1874:
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1865:
1863:
1848:
1735:Women in Sikhism
1667:
1566:
1543:
1520:
1500:5 November 2016
1485:4 November 2016
1479:
1456:
1417:
1376:
1353:
1330:
1291:
1252:
1229:
1174:
1149:Ajit Singh Bala
1135:
1097:16 October 1955
1094:
1077:16 October 1955
1071:
1048:
1028:7 February 1955
1025:
1008:7 February 1955
1005:18 January 1954
1002:
985:18 January 1954
963:
940:
917:
896:
873:
850:
826:
803:
783:12 October 1930
780:
763:12 October 1930
757:
729:
706:
683:
662:
642:12 October 1920
639:
605:
534:
533:
531:Official website
520:
518:
513:
497:Inaugural holder
461:
447:
411:Giani Sher Singh
313:Harimandir Sahib
251:Himachal Pradesh
234:
227:
152:16 November 1920
133:
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114:
107:
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100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
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6301:
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6250:
6245:
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6153:
6054:Amarinder Singh
6007:
5911:
5893:
5863:
5858:
5836:
5798:
5569:
5529:
5528:
5523:
5487:
5478:Majithia family
5457:
5438:Paolo Avitabile
5401:
5382:Fakir Azizuddin
5292:Mehta Basti Ram
5212:Diwan Dina Nath
5188:
5152:
5132:Namgyal dynasty
5080:
5059:Military forces
5050:
5022:
5013:Siege of Multan
4989:
4970:Battle of Mudki
4956:
4913:
4802:
4796:
4772:Nau Nihal Singh
4750:
4745:
4705:
4590:and communities
4589:
4582:
4326:
4312:Ramgarhia Bunga
4223:Harmandir Sahib
4204:
4136:
4018:
4014:Diet in Sikhism
3968:
3899:
3886:
3881:
3833:Bibi Jagir Kaur
3824:
3789:
3787:Further reading
3784:
3783:
3766:
3759:
3757:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3733:
3731:
3722:
3721:
3717:
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3696:
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3691:
3681:
3679:
3678:. 29 March 2022
3676:Hindustan Times
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3234:Sikh Formations
3227:
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3208:
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3049:Hindustan Times
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2600:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2576:Future Anterior
2573:
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2514:Hindustan Times
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2372:. 5 August 2021
2370:Hindustan Times
2364:
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2347:
2346:. 2 August 2021
2338:
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2190:Wayback Machine
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1924:. 19 March 2016
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1647:‘Angitha Sahib’
1643:Sikh scriptures
1605:
1592:
1586:
1581:
1221:Mohan Singh Tur
1209:2 October 1962
1196:2 October 1962
982:5 October 1952
969:5 October 1952
760:2 October 1926
735:2 October 1926
665:14 August 1921
645:14 August 1921
603:
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6238:Portal:Sikhism
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6209:
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6170:Akali movement
6167:
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6149:Amritpal Singh
6146:
6141:
6136:
6131:
6126:
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6084:Manmohan Singh
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5453:Henry Lawrence
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5397:Sohan Lal Suri
5394:
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5364:
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5148:Maqpon Dynasty
5145:
5139:
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5097:Durrani Empire
5094:
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5056:
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5032:Nepal–Sikh War
5030:
5028:
5024:
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5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
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4707:
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4677:Damdami Taksal
4669:
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4544:United Kingdom
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4230:
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4197:
4195:Sukhmani Sahib
4192:
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4160:Sarbloh Granth
4157:
4152:
4146:
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4129:
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4119:
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4089:
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4079:
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4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4037:Sikh practices
4034:
4028:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4011:
4010:
4009:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3978:
3976:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3938:Guru Hargobind
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3909:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3882:
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3879:
3872:
3865:
3857:
3851:
3850:
3848:SGPC Explained
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3823:
3822:External links
3820:
3819:
3818:
3811:
3804:
3797:
3788:
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3715:
3689:
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2710:
2707:. 29 May 2007.
2692:
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2527:
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2461:
2435:
2409:
2398:. 19 July 2021
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2222:
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2175:
2168:
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2135:
2120:
2105:
2082:
2055:
2048:
2039:Sikh achievers
2028:
2000:
1975:
1961:
1935:
1909:
1895:
1884:. 1 April 2016
1869:
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1423:31 March 2004
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1356:16 March 1999
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1336:16 March 1999
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1271:23 March 1986
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1258:23 March 1986
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1193:11 March 1962
1191:
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1180:11 March 1962
1178:
1177:10 March 1961
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1157:10 March 1961
1155:
1154:30 April 1960
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1141:30 April 1960
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920:18 March 1950
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902:18 March 1950
900:
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732:27 April 1925
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712:27 April 1925
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395:Malcolm Hailey
387:Main article:
384:
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296:
293:
290:Akali movement
288:Main article:
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6200:Wall of Truth
6198:
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6032:
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6027:
6025:
6022:
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6017:
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6010:
6004:
6001:
5999:
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5994:
5991:
5989:
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5918:
5916:Organisations
5914:
5909:
5905:
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5898:
5890:
5885:
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5878:
5876:
5871:
5870:
5867:
5857:
5849:
5839:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5822:Kesgarh Sahib
5820:
5818:
5817:Damdama Sahib
5815:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5805:
5801:
5795:
5792:
5787:
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5778:
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5708:
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5698:
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5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5665:Sikh Regiment
5663:
5659:
5656:
5655:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
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5510:
5507:
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5500:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5490:
5484:
5483:Tiwana family
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5464:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5443:Josiah Harlan
5441:
5439:
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5380:
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5360:
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5338:
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5328:
5325:
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5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5287:Jawahar Singh
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5262:Zorawar Singh
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
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5233:
5230:
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5208:
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5202:
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5185:
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5177:
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5174:Harkishangarh
5172:
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5162:
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5149:
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5118:
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5110:
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5098:
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5092:Mughal Empire
5090:
5089:
5087:
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5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5057:
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5037:
5036:Sino-Sikh war
5033:
5029:
5025:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
5000:
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4910:
4907:
4905:
4904:Gurdas Nangal
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4879:Chappar Chiri
4877:
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4862:
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4857:
4855:
4852:
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4759:
4757:
4753:
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4714:
4712:
4708:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4667:Agrahari Sikh
4665:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4656:
4653:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
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4626:
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4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4599:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4588:Groups, sects
4585:
4577:
4576:U.S. Military
4574:
4573:
4572:
4571:United States
4569:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
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4550:
4547:
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4505:
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4500:
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4487:
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4482:
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4472:
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4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
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4445:
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4437:
4433:
4430:
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4425:
4423:
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4415:
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4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
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4393:
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4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4287:Khanda museum
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4259:
4258:North America
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
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4211:
4207:
4201:
4198:
4196:
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4186:
4183:
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4176:
4173:
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4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
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4148:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4087:Three Pillars
4085:
4083:
4082:Antam Sanskar
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4072:Amrit Sanchar
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4015:
4012:
4008:
4005:
4004:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3997:The 52 Hukams
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3971:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3923:Guru Amar Das
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3889:
3885:
3878:
3873:
3871:
3866:
3864:
3859:
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3855:
3849:
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3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3821:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3808:Sikh Twareekh
3805:
3802:
3798:
3795:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3777:
3771:
3755:
3751:
3745:
3742:
3730:
3726:
3719:
3716:
3704:
3700:
3693:
3690:
3677:
3673:
3667:
3664:
3652:
3648:
3641:
3638:
3626:. 2 July 2002
3625:
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3515:
3508:
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3493:
3489:
3482:
3479:
3467:
3463:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3437:
3433:
3427:
3424:
3412:
3408:
3401:
3398:
3386:
3382:
3375:
3372:
3360:
3356:
3349:
3346:
3334:
3330:
3323:
3320:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3294:
3282:
3278:
3271:
3268:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3224:
3221:
3216:
3215:Outlook India
3212:
3205:
3202:
3190:
3186:
3179:
3176:
3171:
3165:
3149:
3145:
3139:
3136:
3124:
3120:
3113:
3110:
3097:
3093:
3087:
3084:
3072:
3066:
3063:
3050:
3046:
3040:
3037:
3025:
3021:
3015:
3012:
3000:
2996:
2989:
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2974:
2970:
2963:
2960:
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2869:
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2784:
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2706:
2705:OneIndia News
2702:
2696:
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2176:
2171:
2165:
2161:
2154:
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2147:
2146:sggswu.edu.in
2144:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2131:Laws of India
2129:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2093:
2086:
2083:
2078:
2074:
2070:
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2059:
2056:
2051:
2049:9788170103653
2045:
2041:
2040:
2032:
2029:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1949:
1945:
1939:
1936:
1923:
1919:
1913:
1910:
1905:
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1896:
1883:
1879:
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1837:
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1784:
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1775:
1768:
1760:
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1756:
1752:
1751:Golden Temple
1748:
1744:
1743:
1736:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1702:
1694:
1692:
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1683:
1675:
1673:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1652:According to
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1591:
1583:
1579:Controversies
1578:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1559:
1556:
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1552:
1548:
1545:
1542:
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1519:
1515:
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1474:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1436:1 April 2004
1435:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1420:27 July 2003
1419:
1416:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1400:27 July 2003
1399:
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1278:
1277:
1273:
1270:
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1247:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1224:
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1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
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1199:
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1190:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
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1169:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1138:7 March 1960
1137:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1118:7 March 1960
1117:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1001:
997:
995:
992:
989:
988:
984:
981:
979:
976:
973:
972:
968:
966:29 June 1952
965:
962:
958:
956:
953:
950:
949:
946:29 June 1952
945:
942:
939:
935:
933:
930:
927:
926:
922:
919:
916:
912:
909:
906:
905:
901:
899:28 June 1948
898:
895:
891:
889:
886:
883:
882:
879:28 June 1948
878:
875:
872:
868:
866:
863:
860:
859:
855:
853:13 June 1936
852:
849:
845:
843:
839:
836:
835:
832:13 June 1936
831:
829:18 June 1933
828:
825:
821:
819:
816:
813:
812:
809:18 June 1933
808:
806:17 June 1933
805:
802:
798:
796:
793:
790:
789:
786:17 June 1933
785:
782:
779:
775:
773:
770:
767:
766:
762:
759:
756:
752:
750:
747:
744:
743:
738:
734:
731:
728:
724:
722:
719:
716:
715:
711:
709:16 July 1922
708:
705:
701:
699:
696:
693:
692:
689:16 July 1922
688:
685:
682:
678:
675:
672:
671:
667:
664:
661:
657:
655:
652:
649:
648:
644:
641:
638:
634:
632:
629:
626:
625:
620:
613:
610:
607:
606:
600:
598:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
580:British India
577:
573:
570:was started.
569:
564:
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