40:
218:: Where niner-stacks are allowed, this rule says that if a player has all their pieces killed during the game and once again has all nine pieces in their hand at the start of the board, then in this situation a dice roll of (6,3) allows them to bring all nine pieces as one stack into the ninth position,
106:
The players take turns to throw the dice. The player chooses which coin or stack to move from its current position to a new target position determined by moving it forward the number of positions (inter-shell spaces) corresponding to the throw of the dice - the total of the dice is taken so there is
95:
shape around the dice pad. The spaces between the shells are the playing positions which can be occupied by the coins. As the coin stacks move around this dynamic playing board, the shells are rearranged to expand or contract the spiral and the spaces between the shells, which means the game has a
169:
in
Tibetan. This entitles the player to roll the dice again before they move and then choose from a selection of move values. For example, if the player rolls (1,1)=2 then (5,3)=8, the player has a choice of moving 2, 8, or 10 (=the sum of 2 and 8). Furthermore, if one of the two dice roll values
248:
number of spaces (including 1 space - normally not available from a dice roll). For example, the player chooses to move one stack 4 spaces. Then a second stack can be moved (13-4=) 9 spaces. If this second move results in a stack or kill, the player rolls again, as
256:
of the board, the unused dice count can be used to move a second stack. So if one stack is 5 shells from the board finish and the player rolls 11, the player moves the finishing stack 5 spaces to the end and then chooses a second stack which he moves (11-5=) 6
150:
However, if the player can stack or kill, they roll and move again. If they again stack or kill, they roll again, and so on until they can only place or cannot move. So with the luck of the dice, game-changing sequences of moves can be achieved.
31:". It is traditionally played for money and by men, with two to four players - three being the most common. With four players, the usual variant is to play as two teams of two, with the partners sitting opposite each other.
212:: In this variant, it is forbidden to build a stack of all nine coins. So players are denied the often-observed effect that the first player to create a stack of nine then charges on to inevitably win the game.
266:
The game is often the focus of gambling. The most simple versions involves a fixed stake per game, which each player pays by placing the bank notes under the dice pad. The winner takes the combined stakes.
103:
player. A stack of coins is moved as one unit. A stack can be increased but never reduced; a stack is destroyed when it is kicked out and all its coins are sent back to the start.
244:
is taken and split flexibly between two stacks. So, if the player rolls (1,1) followed by (5,6), this gives a dice count total of 13. The player can move a first choice of stack
287:
Murakami, Daisuke (April 2014). "Aspects of the
Traditional Gambling Game known as Sho in Modern Lhasa — religious and gendered worldviews infusing the Tibetan dice game —".
174:
the unused value to their subsequent roll. And so on if this also lead to a kill or stack. In this way, moves above the usual maximum roll of (6,6)=12 become possible.
132:
the position is occupied by coins of an opposing player, with the number of coins equal to or less than the number of coins in the stack being moved - the player
139:
the position is occupied by coins of an opposing player, with the number of coins more than the number of coins in the stack being moved - the player
313:
196:
The player chooses to move one of their stacks 12 spaces into a vacant space. The move is now over and play passes to the next player.
350:
147:
If the player cannot move or if they simply place their coin/stack in a new space, play passes to the next play clockwise.
229:
of an opposing player, which means that opposing player now has all their coins back at the start, the player who kills
325:
345:
184:
A move of 2 enables the player to kill an opponent's stack, so the player can roll again, the dice show (3,4)=7
181:
The player rolls (1,1) and then rolls again, the dice show (5,6). The choice of moves is therefore 2, 11 or 13.
190:
A move of 11 enables the player to stack, so they move 11 and now they can roll again, the dice show (2,3)=5.
340:
205:
These variants and others can be found among sho players with their personal and traditional preferences:
114:
Depending on whether and how this new target playing position is occupied, there are four possibilities:
107:
no difference between, say, the rolls (4,2), (5,1) or (3,3) - all are moved as 6. (This is unlike in
355:
170:(not the sum, so here either 2 or 8) is chosen and this leads to a kill or stack, the player then
88:
The first player to move all nine coins from the beginning of the board to the end is the winner.
292:
187:
The unused roll of 11 is carried forward, so the player now a choice of move: 11, 7 or (11+7=)18.
165:
The only dice roll which has a special significance in the basic game is (1,1) which is called
193:
The unused roll of 7 is carried forward, so the player has a choice of move: 7, 5 or (7+5=)12.
136:
the opposing stack and occupies the new position, sending the opposing coins back to the start
76:
leather stuffed with yak wool, which forms the centre of the board, within the circle of
334:
296:
319:
54:
Each player (or team) has nine identical playing pieces, which are usually old
108:
20:
77:
129:
his coins onto the coins in the target position, creating a larger stack
99:
Each playing position can be occupied by a coin or stack of coins from
92:
39:
159:
125:
the position is occupied by coins of the same player - the player
38:
24:
240:: Upon rolling a pa ra (1,1), the dice are rolled again and the
28:
27:, still common today. Its name is simply the Tibetan word for "
73:
58:. In any case, the playing pieces have to be stackable.
68:which is shaken and then slammed down onto a
8:
47:The "board" is formed by a circular line of
276:
91:The shells are formed into a clockwise
19:( Tibetan : ཤོ ) is a traditional
64:are used. They are placed in a wooden
7:
282:
280:
118:the position is vacant - the player
43:The Tibetan game of sho in progress
220:as long as this position is vacant
122:his coin/stack in the new position
51:, typically sixty-four in number.
14:
1:
233:. Instead, their turn ends.
372:
318:Entry at Boardgame Geek:
289:Revue d'Études Tibétaines
96:very tactile feel to it.
320:Description and pictures
351:Traditional board games
238:flexible pa ra variant
227:killing the last stack
44:
254:stack reaches the end
72:, typically made of.
42:
231:does not roll again
45:
324:Historical photo
363:
301:
300:
284:
242:total dice count
111:, for example.)
371:
370:
366:
365:
364:
362:
361:
360:
346:Tibetan culture
331:
330:
310:
305:
304:
291:(29): 245–270.
286:
285:
278:
273:
264:
203:
163:
143:that coin/stack
86:
59:
37:
12:
11:
5:
369:
367:
359:
358:
353:
348:
343:
333:
332:
329:
328:
322:
316:
309:
308:External links
306:
303:
302:
275:
274:
272:
269:
263:
260:
259:
258:
250:
234:
223:
213:
210:No niner-stack
202:
199:
198:
197:
194:
191:
188:
185:
182:
162:
153:
145:
144:
137:
130:
123:
85:
84:Basic gameplay
82:
60:Two six-sided
36:
33:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
368:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
341:Tibetan games
339:
338:
336:
327:
323:
321:
317:
315:
312:
311:
307:
298:
294:
290:
283:
281:
277:
270:
268:
261:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
232:
228:
224:
221:
217:
214:
211:
208:
207:
206:
201:Special rules
200:
195:
192:
189:
186:
183:
180:
179:
178:
177:For example:
175:
173:
168:
161:
157:
154:
152:
148:
142:
138:
135:
131:
128:
124:
121:
117:
116:
115:
112:
110:
104:
102:
97:
94:
89:
83:
81:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
57:
52:
50:
41:
34:
32:
30:
26:
22:
18:
314:Rules of Sho
288:
265:
253:
245:
241:
237:
230:
226:
219:
215:
209:
204:
176:
172:carries over
171:
166:
164:
155:
149:
146:
140:
133:
126:
119:
113:
105:
100:
98:
90:
87:
69:
65:
61:
55:
53:
48:
46:
16:
15:
141:cannot move
356:Race games
335:Categories
271:References
160:Snake eyes
109:backgammon
216:Six-Three
35:Equipment
21:race game
297:54691303
262:Gambling
101:only one
70:dice pad
66:dice cup
257:spaces.
252:When a
295:
249:usual.
225:After
127:stacks
120:places
93:spiral
78:shells
49:shells
293:S2CID
167:pa ra
156:Pa ra
134:kills
56:coins
25:Tibet
236:The
62:dice
29:dice
326:Sho
246:any
158:or
74:yak
23:in
17:Sho
337::
279:^
80:.
299:.
222:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
