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in quartz and is capable of propagating appropriate pressure/temperature gradients in rocks and sediments alike. This very common mechanism may significantly contribute to the accumulation of shocked quartz in the geologic record. Mantle xenoliths and sediments derived from them may contain coesite
934:
411:. Global Catastrophes in Earth History: An Interdisciplinary Conference on Impacts, Volcanism, and Mass Mortality. LPI Contributions. Vol. 673. p. 17.
289:. Global Catastrophes in Earth History: An Interdisciplinary Conference on Impacts, Volcanism, and Mass Mortality. LPI Contributions. Vol. 673. p. 38.
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84:. The presence of shocked quartz supports that such craters were formed by impact, because a volcanic eruption would not generate the required pressure.
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127:. These polymorphs have a crystal structure different from standard quartz. This structure can be formed only by intense pressure (more than 2
558:
477:
Liou, JG; Ernst, WG; Zhang, RY; Tsujimori, T; Jahn, BM (2009). "Ultrahigh-pressure minerals and metamorphic terranes – The view from China".
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Gieré, Reto; Wimmenauer, Wolfhard; Müller-Sigmund, Hiltrud; Wirth, Richard; Lumpkin, Gregory R.; Smith, Katherine L. (2015-07-01).
112:
430:
Gieré, Reto; Wimmenauer, Wolfhard; Müller-Sigmund, Hiltrud; Wirth, Richard; Lumpkin, Gregory R.; Smith, Katherine L. (2015).
44:
that has a microscopic structure that is different from normal quartz. Under intense pressure (but limited temperature), the
48:
of quartz is deformed along planes inside the crystal. These planes, which show up as lines under a microscope, are called
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Lightning is now known to contribute to the surface record of shocked quartz grains, complicating identification of
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Shoemaker, EM; Chao, ECT (1961). "New
Evidence for the Impact Origin of the Ries Basin, Bavaria, Germany".
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enrichment) that the transition between the two geologic periods was caused by a large impact.
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131:), but at moderate temperatures. Coesite and stishovite are usually viewed as indicative of
81:
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discovered it prior to its crystallographic description in building stones in the
498:
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Shocked Quartz and More: Impact
Signatures in K-T Boundary Clays and Claystones
16:
Form of the mineral quartz, found in nuclear test sites and meteor impact zones
1377:
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Photomicrograph of a shocked quartz grain (0.13 mm across) from the
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Shocked quartz is usually associated in nature with two high-pressure
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Explosive
Volcanism, Shock Metamorphism and the K-T Boundary
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Shocked quartz is found worldwide, and occurs in the thin
260:(1959). Impact mechanics at Meteor crater, Arizona.
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845:
822:
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767:
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364:Melosh, H.J. (2017). "Impact geologists, beware!".
186:Though shocked quartz is only recently recognized,
171:rocks. This is further evidence (in addition to
68:showed that shocked quartz is also found inside
928:
607:
8:
432:"Lightning-induced shock lamellae in quartz"
313:"Lightning-induced shock lamellae in quartz"
143:), but are also found in sediments prone to
323:(7). Ammin.geoscienceworld.org: 1645–1648.
163:layer, which occurs at the contact between
935:
921:
913:
771:
614:
600:
592:
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60:Shocked quartz was discovered following
249:
7:
285:de Silva, SL; Sharpton, VL (1988).
62:underground nuclear weapons testing
14:
1035:
1029:
892:
479:Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
1:
1466:Lunar and Planetary Institute
1298:Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary
161:Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary
499:10.1016/j.jseaes.2008.10.012
366:Geophysical Research Letters
105:Chesapeake Bay impact crater
1358:Planar deformation features
180:planar deformation features
52:(PDFs), or shock lamellae.
50:planar deformation features
1515:
1461:Impact Field Studies Group
18:
1027:
950:
944:Impact cratering on Earth
888:
178:Lightning also generates
1431:William Kenneth Hartmann
1097:Clearwater East and West
1045:Confirmed≥20 km diameter
107:, showing shock lamellae
19:Not to be confused with
1348:Ordovician meteor event
534:10.1029/JZ066i010p03371
1451:Eugene Merle Shoemaker
1328:Late Heavy Bombardment
258:Eugene Merle Shoemaker
108:
34:
1472:Traces of Catastrophe
1456:Earth Impact Database
1404:Ralph Belknap Baldwin
436:American Mineralogist
317:American Mineralogist
102:
46:crystalline structure
29:
456:10.2138/am-2015-5218
386:10.1002/2017GL074840
337:10.2138/am-2015-5218
262:US Geological Survey
89:hypervelocity impact
76:impact, such as the
899:Minerals portal
577:Shocked quartz page
547:Cokinos, C (2009).
526:1961JGR....66.3371S
491:2009JAESc..35..199L
448:2015AmMin.100.1645G
417:1988LPICo.673...17B
378:2017GeoRL..44.8873M
329:2015AmMin.100.1645G
295:1988LPICo.673...38D
1368:Shock metamorphism
1273:Alvarez hypothesis
407:Bohor, BF (1988).
239:Shock metamorphism
109:
35:
1481:
1480:
1421:Edward C. T. Chao
910:
909:
906:
905:
794:Chrome chalcedony
768:Notable varieties
687:Cryptocrystalline
560:978-1-101-13322-4
520:(10): 3371–3378.
372:(17): 8873–8874.
200:shock-metamorphic
141:nuclear explosion
139:metamorphism (or
33:of shocked quartz
1506:
1494:Quartz varieties
1446:Peter H. Schultz
1409:Daniel Barringer
1318:Impact structure
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930:
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865:Herkimer diamond
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485:(3–4): 199–231.
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442:(7): 1645–1648.
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271:10.3133/ofr59108
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188:Eugene Shoemaker
82:Chicxulub crater
78:Barringer Crater
66:Eugene Shoemaker
1514:
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1504:
1503:
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1483:
1482:
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1426:Robert S. Dietz
1414:Barringer Medal
1392:
1303:Cryptoexplosion
1261:
1192:Puchezh-Katunki
1172:Nördlinger Ries
1040:
1034:
1025:
991:Asia and Russia
964:
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587:Stishovite page
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514:J. Geophys. Res
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208:pseudotachylite
202:rocks, such as
198:, derived from
183:or stishovite.
157:
147:strikes and in
137:eclogite facies
117:silicon dioxide
97:
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31:Photomicrograph
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1373:Shocked quartz
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1333:Lechatelierite
1330:
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1308:Ejecta blanket
1305:
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1293:Complex crater
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1087:Chesapeake Bay
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875:Shocked quartz
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733:Lechatelierite
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571:External links
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550:The Fallen Sky
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224:Lechatelierite
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38:Shocked quartz
15:
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1436:H. Jay Melosh
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955:Impact crater
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747:Miscellaneous
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133:impact events
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43:
40:is a form of
39:
32:
28:
22:
1470:
1441:Graham Ryder
1372:
1363:Shatter cone
1353:Philippinite
1202:Saint Martin
1197:Rochechouart
1102:Gosses Bluff
1057:Amelia Creek
960:Impact event
890:
874:
870:Smoky quartz
647:Cristobalite
582:Coesite page
549:
542:
517:
513:
507:
482:
478:
472:
439:
435:
425:
408:
402:
369:
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359:
348:. Retrieved
320:
316:
286:
280:
261:
252:
234:Shatter cone
185:
177:
158:
110:
86:
59:
37:
36:
21:Fused quartz
1237:Tookoonooka
1222:Steen River
1212:Siljan Ring
1142:Manicouagan
1127:Keurusselkä
799:Chrysoprase
754:Tiger's eye
634:Crystalline
553:. Penguin.
212:Ries crater
129:gigapascals
72:created by
1488:Categories
1378:Stishovite
1278:Australite
1257:Yarrabubba
1227:Strangways
1187:Presqu'île
1162:Montagnais
1132:Lappajärvi
1082:Charlevoix
1067:Beaverhead
1062:Araguainha
1016:By country
986:Antarctica
880:Prasiolite
809:Moss agate
804:Heliotrope
776:Chalcedony
695:Chalcedony
672:Stishovite
667:Seifertite
350:2018-08-07
264:(Report).
245:References
229:Seifertite
196:Nördlingen
165:Cretaceous
155:Occurrence
149:fulgurites
125:stishovite
113:polymorphs
91:features.
1343:Moldavite
1338:Meteorite
1323:Impactite
1252:Woodleigh
1247:Vredefort
1207:Shoemaker
1167:Morokweng
1152:Mistastin
1092:Chicxulub
996:Australia
976:Worldwide
837:Geyserite
789:Carnelian
728:Fulgurite
720:Amorphous
677:Tridymite
464:130973907
394:134575031
345:130973907
169:Paleogene
145:lightning
95:Formation
56:Discovery
1397:Research
1242:Tunnunik
1137:Logancha
1107:Haughton
1077:Carswell
1021:Possible
860:Ametrine
855:Amethyst
657:Moganite
626:minerals
218:See also
194:town of
192:Bavarian
1388:Tektite
1383:Suevite
1288:Coesite
1283:Breccia
1232:Sudbury
1182:Popigai
1177:Obolon'
1157:Mjølnir
1122:Karakul
1112:Kamensk
1072:Boltysh
1052:Acraman
832:Fiorite
652:Keatite
642:Coesite
522:Bibcode
487:Bibcode
444:Bibcode
413:Bibcode
374:Bibcode
325:Bibcode
291:Bibcode
204:breccia
173:iridium
121:coesite
70:craters
1266:Topics
1147:Manson
1001:Europe
981:Africa
847:Quartz
710:Jasper
662:Quartz
623:Silica
557:
462:
392:
343:
74:meteor
42:quartz
969:Lists
784:Agate
759:Aqeeq
705:Flint
700:Chert
460:S2CID
390:S2CID
341:S2CID
210:, of
1117:Kara
824:Opal
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