250:
238:. Eventually, stripped of their engines and identities, the War Office declared the two airframes to be surplus to requirements, and transferred them to the Admiralty in August 1914. In Royal Naval Air Service hands, the aircraft were re-engined with 100-hp (75-kW) Clerget rotary engines and assigned serial numbers 1268 and 1279. The RNAS operated them at the Navy Flying School and they remained in service at the outbreak of World War I.
233:
At the start of 1913, the
Central Flying School received two further examples of the type: Capt Gerrard delivered the S.50 (serial 424) on 17 February and the S.49 (serial 423) on 22 February. Not long after, these aircraft disappeared from the records when their serial numbers were reassigned to
185:
were fitted only to the upper wing. The tail was cruciform in shape and the undercarriage was designed to be interchangeable to allow the S.45 to be flown as a seaplane or landplane. The machine was powered by a single rotary engine in the nose, turning a two-blade propeller. In seaplane
186:
configuration, the undercarriage consisted of a single broad pontoon mounted beneath the fuselage, with airbags on short struts under each wing. A third airbag was later fitted under the tail to keep it out of the water while the aircraft was under tow.
165:
test-flew the aircraft early in 1912. The pleasing performance of the S.36 led to an order by the
Admiralty for two aircraft of similar configuration, but differed in the engine fitted. in March that year. Shorts delivered these as the
221:
Meanwhile, the S.45 underwent considerable modification, including a new engine cowling, a built-up coaming around the cockpits, revised ailerons, and upper wings of greater span. The wing extensions were braced with a
226:
and wires. Its serial was changed from "T.5" to simply "5" when army and navy aircraft serials were merged into one system in late 1912. In 1913, the S.45 was stationed at
Carlingnose, near
181:
biplane with a fuselage of square-cross section with the two seats in tandem in open cockpits . The wire-braced wings were unstaggered, and the fuselage was mounted partway between them.
661:
2125:
1257:
2150:
654:
544:
2145:
2130:
647:
218:
as underpowered, it flew regularly until damaged beyond repair in a landing accident on 3 December when it stalled on approach.
543:. The ruse was intended to disguise how few serviceable aircraft were actually available to the Royal Flying Corps when
539:
Barnes & James (1989, p. 86–87) describes these reassignments as examples of an accounting trick perpetrated by the
235:
16:
This article is about the trainer biplane of 1912. For the flying boat of the 1940s with the designation S.45, see
2094:
1809:
1407:
1402:
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1382:
1372:
950:
940:
935:
930:
267:
134:
700:
695:
571:
207:
199:
158:
2135:
2019:
1668:
1513:
1508:
1102:
1097:
725:
576:
206:
in July. It was soon joined in service by the S.48 (serial 413), which Capt
Gerrard delivered to the
547:, Secretary of State for War, was questioned on this topic by his political opponents in parliament.
1814:
1633:
1608:
1603:
1503:
1307:
1242:
1117:
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740:
735:
690:
154:
1367:
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1202:
1167:
195:
2034:
1915:
1648:
1553:
1448:
1107:
1037:
1027:
685:
262:
1347:
1302:
1297:
1287:
1237:
1232:
1212:
1137:
894:
198:
at the controls, and was accepted for Navy service with the serial number T.5 ("T" signifying "
2140:
2089:
2064:
2059:
2024:
1794:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1618:
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1583:
1533:
1387:
1327:
178:
2009:
1925:
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1122:
1910:
1890:
1638:
1613:
1543:
1453:
1092:
1057:
1022:
1017:
1012:
150:
133:
by Shorts) delivered to the Royal Navy and Royal Flying Corps during 1912 and 1913. The
2104:
2099:
2049:
1961:
1920:
1905:
1900:
1862:
1779:
1763:
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162:
118:
57:
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1222:
1217:
1207:
1067:
1052:
1047:
1042:
339:
17:
2054:
2039:
1999:
1966:
1880:
1846:
1743:
1738:
1678:
1623:
1573:
1558:
1523:
1518:
1478:
1473:
1458:
1443:
1438:
1362:
1337:
1247:
1227:
1162:
1147:
1112:
1082:
1032:
1002:
730:
215:
2029:
1748:
1598:
1578:
1548:
1072:
889:
335:
121:
in 1912. It was the forerunner of another three identical aircraft (designated
2014:
2004:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1885:
1804:
1799:
1789:
1673:
1663:
1498:
1483:
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1357:
1332:
1312:
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1127:
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828:
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803:
798:
793:
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778:
773:
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763:
758:
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710:
540:
203:
167:
146:
114:
97:
75:
202:"). Together with the S.41, the aircraft participated in the Naval Review at
1989:
1984:
1417:
1412:
705:
113:
after its naval serial number — was a training biplane built for
Britain's
639:
223:
182:
194:
The S.45 flew for the first time on 24 May 1912 as a landplane with Lt
227:
211:
230:, where it suffered a landing accident and capsized on 4 October.
572:"The Short Seaplanes: Historical Military Aircraft No. 14 Part I"
137:
was still operating the type when World War I broke out in 1914.
643:
455:(p.455) treat the S.36 and S.45 types as one and the same.
447:
indeed, so similar that at least some sources such as
2082:
1975:
1939:
1871:
1855:
1839:
1823:
1772:
1731:
1699:
1692:
1426:
1256:
993:
913:
882:
749:
678:
630:British Naval Aircraft since 1912, sixth edition
526:
524:
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
415:
413:
411:
409:
407:
405:
403:
401:
399:
397:
655:
596:. London: Aerospace Publishing. p. 2912.
8:
504:
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496:
494:
492:
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471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
1696:
746:
662:
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563:Shorts Aircraft since 1900, second edition
214:on 10 October. Although evaluated by Capt
594:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft
436:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft
284:, p.55 and Barnes & James 1989, p.87
2126:1910s British military trainer aircraft
621:Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War I
614:. London: Studio Editions. p. 801.
449:Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War I
375:
561:Barnes, C. H.; Derek N. James (1989).
357:60 mph (97 km/h, 52 kn)
145:The design was similar to that of the
24:
431:
429:
427:
425:
387:
385:
383:
381:
379:
7:
603:Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1913
282:Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1913
310:42 ft 0 in (12.80 m)
304:35 ft 6 in (10.82 m)
14:
570:Bruce, J. M. (14 December 1956).
530:Barnes & James 1989, pp.86–87
453:British Naval Aircraft Since 1912
419:Barnes & James 1989, pp.80–85
248:
612:Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation
316:450 sq ft (42 m)
149:, a sporting biplane built for
610:Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989).
155:Navy Flying School, Eastchurch
1:
605:. London: Samson Low Marston.
484:Barnes & James 1989, p.80
236:Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.8s
177:The S.45 was an unequal-span
2151:Aircraft first flown in 1912
619:Taylor, John W. R. (2001).
601:Jane, Frederick T. (1913).
328:1,500 lb (680 kg)
322:1,080 lb (490 kg)
2167:
623:. London: Studio Editions.
15:
2095:English Electric Canberra
342:, 70 hp (52 kW)
298:two, pilot and instructor
27:
2146:Rotary-engined aircraft
2131:Short Brothers aircraft
628:Thetford, Owen (1991).
289:General characteristics
268:Royal Naval Air Service
135:Royal Naval Air Service
451:(p.78) and Thetford's
141:Design and development
1872:Maritime patrol &
274:Specifications (S.45)
208:Central Flying School
159:Charles Rumney Samson
153:which he lent to the
2020:Short-Mayo Composite
701:Short-Wright biplane
109:— also known as the
190:Operational history
508:Bruce 1956, p.923.
475:Bruce 1956, p.922.
391:Taylor 1989, p.801
263:Royal Flying Corps
72:Primary user
2113:
2112:
2090:Bristol Britannia
2078:
2077:
1780:M4 scale Stirling
989:
988:
632:. London: Putnam.
565:. London: Putnam.
103:
102:
2158:
1978:& airliners:
1881:Empire/'C-Class'
1785:Gnosspelius Gull
1697:
1489:Gnosspelius Gull
914:Admiralty Types:
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38:Type of aircraft
36:Seaplane trainer
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1874:reconnaissance:
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45:National origin
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5:
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1669:Triple-Tractor
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726:Triple-Tractor
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
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688:
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671:Short Brothers
669:
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510:
486:
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421:
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374:
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371:
368:
365:
364:
358:
355:Maximum speed:
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343:
329:
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317:
311:
305:
299:
275:
272:
271:
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265:
259:
258:
256:United Kingdom
243:
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163:Eugene Gerrard
142:
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119:Short Brothers
101:
100:
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93:Developed from
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58:Short Brothers
55:
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50:
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41:
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13:
10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
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2106:
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2083:Under licence
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1952:Improved S.27
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1654:Sturgeon (II)
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1634:Sporting Type
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1609:Silver Streak
1607:
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1589:Sherpa (C-23)
1587:
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1584:Sherpa (SB.4)
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1234:
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1199:
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1191:
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1089:
1086:
1084:
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1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
998:
992:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
918:
916:
912:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
887:
885:
883:'N' sequence:
881:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
756:
754:
748:
742:
741:Silver Streak
739:
737:
736:Sporting Type
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
711:Improved S.27
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
683:
681:
677:
672:
665:
660:
658:
653:
651:
646:
645:
642:
638:
631:
626:
622:
617:
613:
608:
604:
599:
595:
591:
579:
578:
573:
568:
564:
559:
558:
554:
546:
545:Colonel Seely
542:
536:
533:
527:
525:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
511:
505:
503:
501:
499:
497:
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410:
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388:
386:
384:
382:
380:
376:
369:
367:
362:
359:
356:
353:
352:
351:
349:
341:
340:rotary engine
337:
333:
330:
327:
326:Gross weight:
324:
321:
320:Empty weight:
318:
315:
312:
309:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
293:
292:
290:
285:
283:
280:
273:
269:
266:
264:
261:
260:
257:
246:
245:
241:
239:
237:
231:
229:
225:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
189:
187:
184:
180:
175:
173:
169:
164:
160:
156:
152:
151:Frank McClean
148:
140:
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
99:
96:
91:
90:
86:
81:
80:
77:
74:
71:
70:
66:
64:First flight
63:
62:
59:
56:
54:Manufacturer
53:
52:
48:
43:
42:
35:
32:
31:
26:
23:
19:
18:Short Seaford
2035:Scion Senior
2000:Short Empire
1916:Sturgeon (I)
1721:
1714:
1707:
1649:Sturgeon (I)
1554:Scion Senior
843:
838:
833:
696:Biplane No.3
691:Biplane No.2
686:Biplane No.1
636:
629:
620:
611:
602:
593:
582:. Retrieved
575:
562:
535:
480:
452:
448:
443:
435:
366:
360:
354:
347:
345:
331:
325:
319:
313:
307:
301:
295:
288:
286:
281:
278:
277:
232:
220:
216:John Salmond
196:Spencer Grey
193:
176:
171:
144:
130:
126:
122:
110:
106:
104:
83:Number built
67:24 May 1912
22:
2136:Floatplanes
2025:Sandringham
1795:SB.4 Sherpa
1674:Triple-Twin
1664:Tandem-Twin
1534:Sandringham
1418:SD.3-60/360
1413:SD.3-30/330
721:Tandem-Twin
716:Triple-Twin
584:13 February
348:Performance
338:7-cylinder
336:Gnome Gamma
332:Powerplant:
2120:Categories
1976:Transports
1926:Sunderland
1659:Sunderland
1579:'Shamrock'
555:References
541:War Office
361:Endurance:
314:Wing area:
204:Portsmouth
147:Short S.36
115:Royal Navy
107:Short S.45
98:Short S.36
76:Royal Navy
1940:Trainers:
1911:Springbok
1891:Singapore
1886:'G-Class'
1824:Fighters:
1700:Airships:
1639:Springbok
1614:Singapore
1544:Satellite
1484:'G-Class'
1444:'C-Class'
1228:S.45 (II)
994:Post-1921
752:sequence:
750:Early 'S'
706:Dunne D.5
308:Wingspan:
279:Data from
242:Operators
161:and Capt
111:Short T.5
2141:Biplanes
2050:Shetland
1962:Sturgeon
1906:Shetland
1901:Sarafand
1863:Crusader
1840:Gliders:
1764:Sturgeon
1759:Stirling
1732:Bombers:
1644:Stirling
1604:'Shrimp'
1594:Shetland
1539:Sarafand
1479:'Folder'
1469:Crusader
1464:Cromarty
1449:Calcutta
1261:sequence
1223:S.45 (I)
996:sequence
679:Pre-1921
673:aircraft
580:: 921–26
438:, p.2912
224:kingpost
183:Ailerons
170:and the
2070:Valetta
2045:Sealand
2005:G-Class
1995:Belfast
1931:Seaford
1896:Rangoon
1856:Racers:
1831:Gurnard
1754:Sperrin
1693:By type
1684:Valetta
1629:Sperrin
1569:Sealand
1564:Seaford
1529:Rangoon
1509:Mercury
1494:Gurnard
1454:Chamois
1434:Belfast
1258:S.B.A.C
302:Length:
200:tractor
179:two-bay
2065:Skyvan
2060:Sherpa
2055:Solent
2040:Scylla
1967:Tucano
1847:Nimbus
1744:Seamew
1739:Bomber
1679:Tucano
1624:Solent
1619:Skyvan
1574:Seamew
1559:Scylla
1524:Nimbus
1519:Mussel
1474:Empire
1459:Cockle
1439:Bomber
731:Bomber
577:Flight
253:
228:Rosyth
212:Upavon
157:. Cdr
129:, and
2030:Scion
2010:Hythe
1749:Shirl
1599:Shirl
1549:Scion
1427:Names
1248:S.312
1043:S.8/8
370:Notes
296:Crew:
33:Role
28:S.45
2015:Kent
1957:S.38
1947:S.27
1810:SC.9
1805:SC.1
1800:SB.5
1790:SB.1
1514:Maia
1499:Kent
1408:SD.2
1403:SD.1
1398:SC.9
1393:SC.8
1388:SC.7
1383:SC.6
1378:SC.5
1373:SC.4
1368:SC.3
1363:SC.2
1358:SC.1
1353:SB.9
1348:SB.8
1343:SB.7
1338:SB.6
1333:SB.5
1328:SB.4
1323:SB.3
1318:SB.2
1313:SB.1
1308:SA.9
1303:SA.8
1298:SA.7
1293:SA.6
1288:SA.5
1283:SA.4
1278:SA.3
1273:SA.2
1268:SA.1
1243:S.48
1238:S.47
1233:S.46
1218:S.44
1213:S.43
1208:S.42
1203:S.41
1198:S.40
1193:S.39
1188:S.38
1183:S.37
1178:S.36
1173:S.35
1168:S.34
1163:S.33
1158:S.32
1153:S.31
1148:S.30
1143:S.29
1138:S.28
1133:S.27
1128:S.26
1123:S.25
1118:S.24
1113:S.23
1108:S.22
1103:S.21
1098:S.20
1093:S.19
1088:S.18
1083:L.17
1078:S.17
1073:S.16
1068:S.15
1063:S.14
1058:S.12
1053:S.11
1048:S.10
900:N.2B
895:N.2A
890:N.1B
874:S.81
869:S.80
864:S.62
859:S.53
854:S.52
849:S.51
844:S.50
839:S.49
834:S.48
829:S.45
824:S.44
819:S.43
814:S.41
809:S.39
804:S.38
799:S.36
794:S.35
789:S.34
784:S.33
779:S.32
774:S.29
769:S.28
764:S.27
759:S.26
586:2010
363:5 hr
334:1 ×
234:two
172:S.45
168:S.41
131:S.50
127:S.49
123:S.48
105:The
1990:360
1985:330
1722:R38
1715:R32
1708:R31
1038:S.8
1033:S.7
1028:S.6
1023:S.5
1018:S.4
1013:S.3
1008:S.2
1003:S.1
981:830
976:827
971:320
966:310
961:301
956:184
951:166
946:136
941:135
905:N.3
210:at
117:by
2122::
936:81
931:74
926:42
574:.
513:^
489:^
460:^
424:^
396:^
378:^
174:.
125:,
87:4
921:3
663:e
656:t
649:v
588:.
20:.
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