1466:
to refuse either to give or take
Quarter: I now took them at their Word, and bid them yield to Mercy. That Night I heard no more of them; but the next Morning the Drummer came to me again with another Letter, wherein they disavowed that Answer to my Trumpet, laying the Fault upon One (who they said had no more Soldiery than Civility) that without their Assent or Knowledge had given that Language. I sent them Answer, That I was very much satisfied, that, in this Disavowing that Harshness, they had made room for Courtesy; and that I was contented to give them fair Quarter; and that, according to their Desire formerly expressed, if they would send out to me Three Officers of Quality, I would employ Three of equal Condition to them, to treat with them about the Particulars of the Surrender: Within a short Time after, there came out unto me Colonel Bamfeild, Major Bovill, and Captain Hodgido, who pressed very much that they might have Liberty to march away like Soldiers, otherwise they should chuse Death rather than Life; and so broke off: About Two Hours after, they sent out to me Lieutenant Colonel Rawlins and Major Moulin, who, after some Debate, came to Agreement with me, that this Morning they would deliver the Castle into my Hands, by Ten of the Clock, with Colours, Arms, &c. undefaced and unspoiled; and that the Gentlemen and Officers should have fair Quarter and civil Usage, the ordinary Soldiers Quarter: For Performance of Covenants, Sir Edward Ford and Sir Edward Bishopp were immediately to be yielded to me; which was accordingly done. This Morning we entered; and are now, blessed be God, in Possession of the Place. We have taken Seventeen Colours of Foot, and Two of Horse; we have taken One Thousand Prisoners one with another, besides One Hundred and Sixty which we took at the first entering of the Town, and such as came from the Enemy to us during the Siege. I humbly desire the London Regiments may be speedily sent hither, to secure this important Place, whilst I advance with that Strength I have towards the Enemy, who lies still at Havant. I humbly rest, “Your Excellency's Most humble Servant, Wm. Waller.” Arundell, 6 Januarii, 1643/4.
36:
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108:
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1250:. Throughout the war, both sides relied on these militia, whose service was normally limited to 30 days, within their home area. As the largest and best equipped, London units were often used to fill gaps and Waller's army included several regiments originally mustered in early September. After an attack on
1465:
On
Thursday the Enemy sent a Drummer to me, with a Letter, signifying their Willingness to surrender the Castle, if they might have Honourable Conditions: I returned Answer, That when I first possessed myself of the Town, I summoned them in the Castle to yield upon fair Quarter; but they were pleased
1352:
Colonel Sir
William Springett was appointed commander of the Parliamentarian garrison but died of fever on 3 February and was succeeded by Captain William Morley. Bampfield later wrote an account of the siege, in which he claimed sickness and casualties had reduced the garrison to less than 200
899:
Hopton's policy of trying to hold as many towns as possible left individual garrisons isolated, while the
Royalists lacked a mobile field army, capable of quickly supporting threatened positions. Arundel was attacked by a large Parliamentarian force on 19 December; although strongly held, severe
1328:
Despite being six miles inland, Arundel was an important inland port and the only
Royalist position strong enough to resist attack. Waller arrived on 19 December, with around 5,000 men from the South-Eastern trained bands, most of whom were of limited quality. He immediately assaulted the outer
1381:
ordered Hopton to withdraw into
Wiltshire to ensure he remained in contact with Bristol. However, he was able to persuade Charles that he should remain in Hampshire and prevent Waller's cavalry raiding Royalist areas in the west. On 12 January 1644, Waller advised Essex he was fortifying and
1231:. In late October, he discovered the Parliamentarian garrison had been withdrawn and occupied the town, forcing Hopton to advance before he was ready. On reaching Winchester in early November, his troops promptly mutinied and a number were executed before order was restored.
1412:
A detailed description of the impact of the siege on
Arundel was provided by the wife of Sir William Springett, Lady Mary, who describes it as 'depopulated, all the windows broke with the guns, and the soldiers making stables of all the shops and lower rooms.' Her daughter
1215:
However, Hopton was short of money and supplies, while his infantry consisted mostly of half-trained Irish conscripts, which delayed him until mid-October. By then, Prince Rupert had failed at
Gloucester, and his advance on London was checked at the inconclusive battle of
1400:
Waller installed a permanent garrison, and the castle was used to store military supplies and hold prisoners. In May 1645, Captain Morley was appointed governor, a position he retained until 1653, when 'the walls and works' of the castle were demolished, or
1312:
on 13 December. When he asked for their help with
Arundel, they refused, and were dismissed on 15 December. The Royalist garrison originally contained 800 infantry, and four troops of horse, withdrawn by Hopton prior to the siege. The governor, Colonel
1341:, but he was now desperately short of infantry, having lost another 600 at Alton. On 27 December, he advanced from Winchester with 2,000 horse, and 1,500 infantry; leaving a skeleton force to continue the siege, Waller intercepted him at
1336:
The garrison retreated into the castle, but lost their supplies, which had been stored in the town, while the besiegers drained the lake that was their main water supply. Oxford sent Hopton an additional 1,000 horse under
212:
1317:, was an experienced soldier, who constructed additional earthwork defences to the north and south-west of the town, while bringing in provisions from the surrounding countryside. An attack on
1257:
Hopton marched on
Farnham, but was unable to tempt Waller into giving battle, and retreated. The Royalists established winter quarters at various points in West Sussex and Hampshire, including
205:
1353:
effectives. This account was corroborated by Waller who attested to his stubborn defence, but Hopton blamed him for the defeat and it was his version that appeared in
198:
1345:, 15 miles from Arundel. Outnumbered, Hopton withdrew, allowing Waller to bring up heavy guns from Portsmouth, which opened fire on 4 January. Weakened by
1220:
on 20 September. This would prove the highpoint of Royalist success and by the time Hopton was ready to move their chances of military victory had passed.
2012:
1414:
1017:
1357:'s "History of the Rebellion". He was held prisoner for six months, before being exchanged for two Parliamentarian officers held in Oxford.
35:
971:
on 26 July. Capturing the second largest city in Britain was a significant achievement, and allowed the Royalists to transfer troops from
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1349:, and short of supplies, the Royalists surrendered on 6th; about 100 re-enlisted in the Parliamentary army, the rest sent to London.
1305:
688:
1852:
1269:, although senior officers warned they were too far apart for mutual support. On 2 December, a small Parliamentarian garrison at
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1224:
984:
614:
1293:
1297:
999:, the last major Parliamentarian position in the west, then march on the capital. Hopton would support him by advancing into
945:
885:
425:
1397:
on 29 March. Ogle retained Winchester until October 1645 but this ended any significant Royalist threat to the south-east.
799:
665:
516:
332:
234:
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510:
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944:, preventing the Royalists from importing arms and men from Europe. This situation changed on 13 July 1643 when Sir
2027:
992:
964:
817:
788:
350:
296:
286:
1456:
Sometimes given as 9 December, but this seems more likely, since Waller was advised of its surrender on 5 December
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Waller reported taking '1,000 prisoners', which included civilians suspected of being Royalist sympathisers
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was shot in the stomach, allegedly surviving only because the cold weather stemmed the flow of blood.
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150:
1898:
Parliament in crisis; the disintegration of the Parliamentarian war effort during the summer of 1643
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1389:
and he was ordered to slip past Hopton and retake the west. Although one of his commanders,
1325:, and when Hopton learned of the loss of Alton, he immediately ordered him back to Arundel.
1314:
1262:
758:
723:
718:
644:
574:
539:
380:
139:
129:
124:
1382:
re-provisioning Arundel, before a heavy snow fall ended operations for the next few weeks.
1322:
1309:
822:
793:
708:
584:
579:
559:
495:
345:
43:, 2006; the Norman keep (shown here) is the only survivor from 1643, the rest 19th century
1406:
1370:
1270:
1235:
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893:
866:
146:
40:
1393:, deserted to Hopton in early March with this information, Waller defeated him at the
2006:
1896:
1422:
1258:
1239:
900:
weather and poor roads meant it could not be relieved, and surrendered on 6 January.
569:
1418:
1342:
1869:
1266:
917:
68:
1784:
Colonel Joseph Bamfield's Apologie written by himself and printed at his desire
1984:
1861:
1793:
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925:
1308:
to retake Alton, then Arundel, Waller persuaded the London Bands to help him
1000:
913:
877:
862:
713:
112:
948:, Royalist commander in the south-west, inflicted a serious defeat on Sir
876:
was largely controlled by Parliament, with pockets of Royalist support in
190:
1402:
937:
858:
100:
1385:
By the end of February, Waller's army had been increased to over 8,000
1329:
defences on 20 December, which were captured after an initial repulse;
972:
957:
64:
1814:
Going to the Wars: The Experience of the British Civil Wars 1638-1651
1346:
1282:
1247:
1004:
988:
980:
889:
1910:
963:
Parliamentarian garrisons in the west were left isolated, enabling
1364:
1292:
921:
1833:
Gloucester & Newbury 1643: The Turning Point of the Civil War
1763:
A History of the County of Sussex Volume 5, Part 1; Arundel Rape
1405:'. This was part of a wider programme to reduce the size of the
1243:
916:
forces secured most of southern England, including the ports of
881:
1417:
was born a few days after her father's death and later married
194:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1254:
in November failed, these now demanded they be sent home.
1941:
A Military History of the English Civil War: 1642-1649
979:
secured, it also provided an opportunity to threaten
1475:
Also spelt 'Springate' in some contemporary sources
1922:Civil War: The War of the Three Kingdoms 1638-1660
1879:Bampfield's Later Career; a biographical companion
1759:Baggs, A.P; Warne, H.R (1977). T.P, Hudson (ed.).
857:, from 19 December 1643 to 6 January 1644, when a
1246:, Sussex and Hampshire, bolstered by others from
1227:, who had been serving in Ireland, but came from
20:
1670:
1409:by limiting the number of garrisons required.
1234:Meanwhile, Waller had assembled a new army at
1850:Donagan, Barbara (2008). "Ford, Sir Edward".
987:to negotiate peace. At a strategy meeting in
206:
8:
1856:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1706:
1694:
1586:
1373:, commander of the South-Eastern Association
896:surrendered without fighting on 2 December.
1011:was Parliament's main source of armaments.
1766:(1997 ed.). Victoria County History.
1718:
213:
199:
191:
34:
17:
1682:
155:
1646:
1555:
1543:
1495:
1321:further to the east was repulsed by Sir
1853:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1730:
1658:
1610:
1567:
1488:
1440:
1281:, after 36 men blew in the gate with a
1939:Wanklyn, Frank; Jones, Robert (2005).
1242:from the South-Eastern Association of
884:. In an October 1643 offensive led by
1877:Hardacre, Paul; Loftis, John (1993).
1742:
1622:
1598:
1531:
7:
1210:Southern England; key locations 1643
1962:(2001 ed.). Penguin Classics.
1519:
1507:
1421:. This anecdote was used by author
1150:
1108:
1038:
14:
1300:, Royalist commander in the south
936:controlled every major port from
55:19 December 1643 - 6 January 1644
2013:Sieges of the English Civil Wars
1912:The militia of London, 1641-1649
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1377:Following the loss of Arundel,
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1136:
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1024:
1888:Gulielma: Wife of William Penn
1080:
1052:
888:, the Royalists advanced into
1:
1122:
1094:
924:, as well as the bulk of the
1909:Nagel, Lawson Chase (1982).
1870:UK public library membership
1835:. Pen & Sword Military.
983:and persuade moderates like
892:, where a small garrison at
2049:
2018:Military history of Sussex
1781:Bampfield, Joseph (1685).
1671:Hardacre & Loftis 1993
861:garrison surrendered to a
1960:The King's War, 1641-1647
1812:Carlton, Charles (1992).
232:
176:
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47:
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25:
1707:Wanklyn & Jones 2005
1695:Wanklyn & Jones 2005
1587:Wanklyn & Jones 2005
1223:One of his officers was
1915:. University of London.
1904:(PHD). York University.
1895:Johnson, David (2012).
954:Battle of Roundway Down
910:First English Civil War
855:First English Civil War
224:First English Civil War
79:Parliamentarian victory
28:First English Civil War
21:Siege of Arundel (1643)
2033:17th century in Sussex
1920:Royle, Trevor (2004).
1886:Hodgkin, Lucy (1947).
1881:. Bucknell Publishing.
1719:Baggs & Warne 1977
1374:
1301:
930:Portsmouth surrendered
912:began in August 1642,
853:took place during the
119:Commanders and leaders
1958:Wedgwood, CV (1958).
1862:10.1093/ref:odnb/9855
1391:Sir Richard Grenville
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1009:Wealden iron industry
615:Gunnislake New Bridge
177:Casualties and losses
1207:class=notpageimage|
872:At the end of 1642,
1943:. Pearson Longman.
1709:, pp. 142–143.
1649:, pp. 288–289.
1601:, pp. 145–148.
1570:, pp. 172–174.
1558:, pp. 252–254.
1498:, pp. 119–120.
1673:, pp. 99–100.
1425:in her 1969 novel
1395:Battle of Cheriton
1375:
1304:Instructed by the
1302:
977:South West England
874:South-East England
689:Scarborough Castle
491:2nd Wardour Castle
391:1st Wardour Castle
2028:Conflicts in 1643
1924:. Brown, Little.
1890:. Longmans Green.
1868:(Subscription or
1831:Day, Jon (2007).
1721:, pp. 17–19.
1279:Sheriff of Sussex
846:
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550:Stourbridge Heath
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259:
254:
249:
247:Marshall's Elm
244:
233:
230:
229:
220:
218:
217:
210:
203:
195:
187:
186:
183:
179:
178:
174:
173:
170:
166:
165:
161:
160:
147:William Waller
143:
121:
120:
116:
115:
103:
90:
89:
85:
84:
81:
80:
77:
73:
72:
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
41:Arundel Castle
31:
30:
23:
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2045:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1971:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1946:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1907:
1900:
1899:
1893:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1844:
1838:
1834:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1816:. Routledge.
1815:
1810:
1799:
1795:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1765:
1762:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1744:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1715:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1688:
1685:, p. 13.
1684:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1661:, p. 14.
1660:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1647:Wedgwood 1958
1643:
1640:
1636:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1556:Wedgwood 1958
1552:
1549:
1545:
1544:Wedgwood 1958
1540:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1496:Wedgwood 1958
1492:
1489:
1482:
1472:
1469:
1462:
1459:
1453:
1450:
1444:
1441:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1423:Hester Burton
1420:
1416:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1372:
1367:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1332:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1310:capture Alton
1307:
1306:Earl of Essex
1299:
1295:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1240:Trained Bands
1237:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1218:First Newbury
1208:
1019:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
993:Prince Rupert
990:
986:
985:Denzil Holles
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
965:Prince Rupert
961:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
903:
901:
897:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
870:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
839:
838:2nd Worcester
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
805:
804:
803:
802:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
784:Denbigh Green
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
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730:
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623:
621:
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598:
596:
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591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
522:
521:
520:
519:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
436:Roundway Down
434:
432:
429:
427:
426:Burton Bridge
424:
422:
419:
417:
416:Adwalton Moor
414:
412:
409:
407:
406:1st Worcester
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
361:Seacroft Moor
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
341:Braddock Down
339:
338:
337:
336:
335:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
292:Turnham Green
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
267:Powick Bridge
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
239:
238:
237:
231:
226:
216:
211:
209:
204:
202:
197:
196:
193:
184:
181:
180:
175:
171:
168:
167:
162:
158:
152:
148:
144:
141:
136:
131:
126:
123:
122:
117:
114:
109:
104:
102:
92:
91:
86:
78:
75:
74:
70:
66:
62:
59:
58:
54:
51:
50:
46:
42:
37:
32:
29:
24:
19:
16:
1992:. Retrieved
1988:
1985:"John Birch"
1959:
1940:
1921:
1911:
1897:
1887:
1878:
1851:
1832:
1813:
1801:. Retrieved
1797:
1794:"John Birch"
1783:
1764:
1760:
1738:
1731:Carlton 1992
1726:
1714:
1702:
1690:
1678:
1666:
1659:Hodgkin 1947
1654:
1642:
1630:
1618:
1611:Donagan 2008
1606:
1594:
1568:Johnson 2012
1563:
1551:
1539:
1527:
1522:, p. 3.
1515:
1510:, p. 2.
1503:
1491:
1471:
1461:
1452:
1443:
1426:
1419:William Penn
1411:
1399:
1387:
1384:
1376:
1351:
1343:North Marden
1335:
1327:
1303:
1298:Ralph Hopton
1256:
1252:Basing House
1233:
1222:
1214:
962:
946:Ralph Hopton
907:
898:
871:
850:
848:
828:2nd Aberdeen
800:
798:
764:Rowton Heath
666:
664:
635:1st Aberdeen
610:Marston Moor
595:Tipton Green
517:
515:
505:
476:Olney Bridge
446:Gainsborough
421:2nd Bradford
386:Sourton Down
376:Ripple Field
356:Hopton Heath
333:
331:
322:1st Bradford
317:Muster Green
302:Piercebridge
272:Kings Norton
262:Babylon Hill
235:
88:Belligerents
15:
1989:BCW Project
1798:BCW Project
1761:Arundel in
1339:Lord Wilmot
1275:Edward Ford
1267:Petersfield
918:Southampton
808:Bovey Heath
759:2nd Chester
754:Philiphaugh
749:2nd Bristol
704:3rd Taunton
694:2nd Taunton
660:2nd Newbury
650:1st Taunton
645:1st Chester
625:Lostwithiel
545:Boldon Hill
486:Heptonstall
466:1st Newbury
441:1st Bristol
69:West Sussex
2007:Categories
1872:required.)
1743:Royle 2004
1623:Nagel 1982
1599:Nagel 1982
1532:Royle 2004
1483:References
1229:Winchester
1157:Gloucester
1115:Portsmouth
1045:Winchester
934:Parliament
926:Royal Navy
904:Background
833:Lagganmore
823:3rd Oxford
813:Torrington
779:Annan Moor
709:2nd Oxford
674:Inverlochy
630:Tippermuir
580:1st Oxford
565:Lyme Regis
451:Gloucester
327:Chichester
312:1st Exeter
252:Portsmouth
151:John Birch
1435:Footnotes
1379:Charles I
1361:Aftermath
1355:Clarendon
1289:The siege
1277:, former
1259:Alresford
1001:Hampshire
967:to storm
908:When the
878:Hampshire
714:Leicester
530:Newcastle
431:Lansdowne
401:Wakefield
371:Lichfield
366:Camp Hill
307:Tadcaster
287:Brentford
282:Aylesbury
101:Royalists
1520:Day 2007
1508:Day 2007
1403:slighted
1199:Plymouth
1007:, whose
956:outside
938:Plymouth
928:. After
859:Royalist
739:Hereford
734:Langport
699:Auldearn
684:Weymouth
655:Carlisle
620:Ormskirk
600:Oswestry
555:Cheriton
525:Nantwich
456:2nd Hull
396:Stratton
277:Edgehill
257:Plymouth
242:1st Hull
164:Strength
60:Location
26:Part of
1994:8 March
1803:8 March
1753:Sources
1415:Guielma
1319:Bramber
1185:Farnham
1171:Newbury
1143:Devizes
1073:Bristol
1031:Arundel
975:. With
973:Ireland
969:Bristol
958:Devizes
952:at the
744:Kilsyth
575:Lincoln
506:Arundel
471:Winceby
381:Reading
185:Unknown
182:Unknown
153: (
65:Arundel
1966:
1947:
1928:
1866:
1839:
1820:
1770:
1428:Thomas
1347:typhus
1283:petard
1248:London
1087:Oxford
1059:London
1005:Sussex
995:would
989:Oxford
981:London
890:Sussex
794:Newark
724:Alford
719:Naseby
585:Bolton
540:Newark
137:
127:
76:Result
1902:(PDF)
1792:BCW.
1263:Alton
1129:Dover
1101:Alton
922:Dover
849:The
560:Selby
496:Alton
346:Leeds
172:5,000
1996:2020
1964:ISBN
1945:ISBN
1926:ISBN
1837:ISBN
1818:ISBN
1805:2020
1768:ISBN
1369:Sir
1265:and
1244:Kent
1003:and
942:Hull
920:and
882:Kent
880:and
801:1646
667:1645
570:York
518:1644
334:1643
236:1642
169:800
145:Sir
52:Date
1858:doi
1635:BCW
940:to
156:WIA
2009::
1987:.
1796:.
1575:^
1431:.
1285:.
1261:,
960:.
869:.
67:,
1998:.
1972:.
1953:.
1934:.
1864:.
1860::
1845:.
1826:.
1807:.
1787:.
1776:.
1637:.
1613:.
1401:'
214:e
207:t
200:v
159:)
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