658:
supported an even larger crest of softer, fibrous tissue that extends back along the skull. Tapejarids are also characterized by their large nasoantorbital fenestra, the main opening in the skull in front of the eyes, which spans at least half the length of the entire skull in this family. Their eye sockets were small and pear-shaped. Studies of tapejarid brain cases show that they had extremely good vision, more so than in other pterosaur groups, and probably relied nearly exclusively on vision when hunting or interacting with other members of their species. Tapejarids had unusually reduced shoulder girdles that would have been slung low on the torso, resulting in wings that protruded from near the belly rather than near the back, a "bottom decker" arrangement reminiscent of some planes.
7210:
739:
5977:
4779:
124:
179:
4785:
632:
4162:
5993:
7217:
4167:
3621:
7223:
3629:
878:, all of them within the group Neoazhdarchia. Their cladogram is shown on the left. Later however, a number of studies had begun to favor Kellner's defition of the group, meaning that the members of the Thalassodrominae were reclassified within this group. An example of one of these studies is the one by Kellner and colleagues in 2019. The cladogram on the right shows their
3636:
5985:
722:
832:, and do not form a natural group, but instead represent sequential branches of the tree leading. In light of this discovery, several of the traditional names associated with the group have been re-defined. Martill and Naish proposed a revised definition for Tapejaridae, as all species more closely related to
657:
Tapejarids were small to medium-sized pterosaurs with several unique, shared characteristics, mainly relating to the skull. Most tapejarids possessed a bony crest arising from the snout (formed mostly by the premaxillary bones of the upper jaw tip). In some species, this bony crest is known to have
2412:
Borja
Holgado, Rodrigo V. Pêgas, José Ignacio Canudo, Josep Fortuny, Taissa Rodrigues, Julio Company & Alexander W.A. Kellner, 2019, "On a new crested pterodactyloid from the Early Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula and the radiation of the clade Anhangueria",
812:(family trees). It is also unclear exactly which pterosaurs belong to the Tapejaridae; some researchers have found the thalassodromines and chaoyangopterines to be members of this family, while other studies have found them to be more closely related to the
666:
Tapejarids appear to have been arboreal, having more curved claws than other azhdarchoid pterosaurs and occurring more commonly in fossil sites with other arboreal flying vertebrates such as early birds. Tapejarids have long been speculated as having been
1769:
797:, often found to be closer to azhdarchids, represent a lineage within the Tapejaridae, more closely related to the tapejarines than to the thalassodromines. Felipe Pinheiro and colleagues (2011) reclassified the group as a subfamily of Tapejaridae,
873:
Below are two alternate cladograms: the first, presented by Andres and colleagues in 2014, found the a grouping of tapejarids at the base of the clade, with thalassodromines more closely related to azhdarchids, chaoyangopterids, and
792:
proper than to the tapejarids, and have placed them in their own family (which has sometimes been referred to as
Tupuxuaridae, though Thalassodrominae was named first). At least one study has also found that the
1807:
Pêgas, Rodrigo V. (2024-06-10). "A taxonomic note on the tapejarid pterosaurs from the
Pterosaur Graveyard site (Caiuá Group, ?Early Cretaceous of Southern Brazil): evidence for the presence of two species".
2243:
Lü, J., Unwin, D.M., Xu, L., and Zhang, X. (2008). "A new azhdarchoid pterosaur from the Lower
Cretaceous of China and its implications for pterosaur phylogeny and evolution."
2256:
Martill, D.M., Bechly, G., and Heads, S.W. (2007). "Appendix: species list for the Crato
Formation." In: Martill, D.M., Bechly, G., and Loveridge, R.F. (eds.), 2007.
7315:
7374:
2087:"The toothless pterosaur Jidapterus edentus (Pterodactyloidea: Azhdarchoidea) from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota and its paleoecological implications"
7302:
1876:
Vullo, R.; Marugán-Lobón, J. S.; Kellner, A. W. A.; Buscalioni, A. D.; Gomez, B.; De La Fuente, M.; Moratalla, J. J. (2012). Claessens, Leon (ed.).
2437:
Kellner, Alexander W. A.; Caldwell, Michael W.; Holgado, Borja; Vecchia, Fabio M. Dalla; Nohra, Roy; Sayão, Juliana M.; Currie, Philip J. (2019).
2143:
Meng, X. (2008). "A New
Species of Sinopterus from Jehol Biota and Reconstraction of Stratigraphic Sequence of the Jiufotang Formation". Thesis,
1966:(Pterosauria: Pterodactyloidea) from the Lower Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China with comments on the systematics of tapejarid pterosaurs".
2162:
angiosperm? A preliminary case of study of zoocory
Flaviana J. Lima 1*, Renan A. M. Bantim1,2, Antônio A. F. Saraiva1 & Juliana M. Sayão3
2622:
7379:
7209:
2547:"Osteology of an exceptionally well-preserved tapejarid skeleton from Brazil: Revealing the anatomy of a curious pterodactyloid clade"
2356:"Osteology of an exceptionally well-preserved tapejarid skeleton from Brazil: Revealing the anatomy of a curious pterodactyloid clade"
2545:
Beccari, Victor; Pinheiro, Felipe Lima; Nunes, Ivan; Anelli, Luiz
Eduardo; Mateus, Octávio; Costa, Fabiana Rodrigues (2021-08-25).
2354:
Beccari, Victor; Pinheiro, Felipe Lima; Nunes, Ivan; Anelli, Luiz
Eduardo; Mateus, Octávio; Costa, Fabiana Rodrigues (2021-08-25).
2225:
Kellner, A.W.A.; Campos, D.A. (2007). "Short note on the ingroup relationships of the
Tapejaridae (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea".
1937:"Tapejarine pterosaur from the late Albian Paw Paw Formation of Texas, USA, with extensive feeding traces of multiple scavengers"
820:). Several studies have shown that the "tapejarids" as traditionally thought of (that is, including the classic examples of both
2050:
KELLNER 1989 and the first occurrence of a multiple specimen assemblage from the Santana Formation, Araripe Basin, NE-Brazil".
2498:"A new toothless pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea) from Southern Brazil with insights into the paleoecology of a Cretaceous desert"
2181:
Pêgas, R. V.; Costa, F. R.; Kellner, A. W. A. (2018). "New Information on the osteology and a taxonomic revision of the genus
759:, plus all descendants of their most recent common ancestor. As originally conceived, it was composed of two subfamilies: the
788:
Some studies, such as one by Lü and colleagues in 2008, have found that the thalassodromines are more closely related to the
1878:"A New Crested Pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Spain: The First European Tapejarid (Pterodactyloidea: Azhdarchoidea)"
5976:
4784:
2171:
Mark P. Witton (2013), Pterosaurs: Natural History, Evolution, Anatomy, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-15061-1
4778:
2496:
Kellner, Alexander W. A.; Weinschütz, Luiz C.; Holgado, Borja; Bantim, Renan A. M.; Sayão, Juliana M. (19 August 2019).
1770:"First tapejarid pterosaur from the Wessex Formation (Wealden Group: Lower Cretaceous, Barremian) of the United Kingdom"
7384:
708:
are tapejarids, this clade also included raptorial, macropredatory species adapted to hunt proportionally large prey.
178:
4161:
2615:
2719:
1018:
738:
3620:
7369:
4197:
1198:
649:
146:
4166:
3628:
7242:
7117:
5275:
1255:
1181:
643:
420:
7216:
842:. Andres and colleagues did not follow this proposal, instead formally defining Tapejaridae as the clade
7341:
7222:
2158:
879:
694:
689:
distribution of some tapejarids may even be partially associated with the first radiation phase of the
5992:
7289:
5370:
3809:
3719:
3635:
2608:
2450:
2098:
1936:
1889:
1660:
1272:
765:
637:
480:
287:
152:
131:
Collection of various tapejarid skulls to scale with one another. From left to right, top to bottom:
5984:
6874:
6563:
6250:
5549:
5476:
3244:
2964:
1231:
808:
pterosaurs has historically been unclear, with different studies producing significantly different
140:
134:
6403:
4877:
4720:
3863:
3666:
3653:
3567:
3409:
3040:
3015:
2439:"First complete pterosaur from the Afro-Arabian continent: insight into pterodactyloid diversity"
2202:
2067:
1983:
1858:
1810:
1789:
623:. The most primitive genera were found in China, indicating that the family has an Asian origin.
546:
173:
7346:
675:, based on their parrot-like beaks. Direct evidence for plant-eating is known in a specimen of
123:
7328:
6829:
5644:
5573:
4815:
4802:
4745:
4508:
4406:
4308:
4226:
4004:
3981:
3947:
3877:
3418:
3334:
3286:
3260:
2973:
2878:
2586:
2568:
2527:
2519:
2478:
2395:
2377:
2336:
2126:
1917:
1823:
798:
794:
7333:
7320:
7280:
1841:
Peter Wellnhofer, Eric Buffetaut (1999). "Pterosaur remains from the Cretaceous of Morocco".
7058:
6941:
6933:
6725:
6654:
6579:
6121:
6024:
6011:
5943:
5823:
5812:
5062:
4919:
4856:
4631:
4613:
4451:
4275:
4091:
4077:
4035:
3541:
3527:
3459:
3138:
2688:
2576:
2558:
2509:
2468:
2458:
2421:
2385:
2367:
2326:
2290:
2194:
2116:
2106:
2059:
2023:
1975:
1944:
1907:
1897:
1850:
1815:
1781:
1417:
1087:
1060:
977:
875:
770:
705:
592:
578:
236:
164:
39:
2006:
Pinheiro, F.L.; Fortier, D.C.; Schultz, C.L.; De Andrade, J.A.F.G.; Bantim, R.A.M. (2011).
7147:
6990:
6839:
6624:
6528:
6503:
6496:
6483:
6416:
6302:
6200:
6166:
6062:
6042:
5896:
5754:
5695:
5682:
5653:
5529:
5440:
5299:
5172:
5127:
4999:
4928:
4907:
4733:
4394:
4374:
4346:
4322:
4258:
4250:
4243:
4235:
3990:
3970:
3800:
3776:
3726:
3534:
3517:
3507:
3484:
3440:
3432:
3400:
3389:
3368:
3322:
3314:
3253:
3169:
3109:
3028:
2997:
2887:
2866:
2819:
2704:
2679:
1508:
1431:
775:
744:
Hind leg of an indeterminate tapejarid, with preserved foot pads, scales, and claw sheaths
329:
43:
2454:
2102:
1893:
7124:
7097:
7075:
6899:
6813:
6798:
6750:
6689:
6674:
6640:
6465:
6449:
6437:
6423:
6376:
6333:
6293:
6207:
6153:
5881:
5874:
5867:
5839:
5746:
5667:
5594:
5505:
5261:
5153:
5088:
5029:
4969:
4935:
4655:
4582:
4554:
4473:
4423:
4362:
4331:
3931:
3907:
3885:
3831:
3789:
3733:
3701:
3382:
3299:
3276:
3155:
3081:
3049:
2902:
2851:
2799:
2581:
2546:
2473:
2438:
2390:
2355:
2121:
2086:
1979:
1912:
1877:
1380:
932:
838:
631:
582:
400:
252:
7363:
7161:
7132:
7108:
7089:
7047:
7032:
6981:
6970:
6863:
6855:
6805:
6742:
6713:
6697:
6681:
6667:
6608:
6586:
6537:
6430:
6191:
6134:
6053:
5888:
5860:
5832:
5703:
5586:
5377:
5307:
5179:
5162:
5018:
4955:
4899:
4664:
4620:
4501:
4494:
4487:
4480:
4465:
4415:
4339:
4296:
4289:
4215:
4062:
4055:
4048:
3897:
3839:
3824:
3817:
3765:
3548:
3217:
3177:
3127:
3096:
3057:
2952:
2944:
2922:
2826:
2810:
2295:
2274:
1987:
1862:
1793:
1677:
1484:
920:
907:
817:
805:
616:
574:
490:
319:
81:
2206:
2071:
1962:
Lü, J.; Jin, X.; Unwin, D.M.; Zhao, L.; Azuma, Y.; Ji, Q. (2006). "A new species of
7154:
7082:
6953:
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6734:
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6318:
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5853:
5781:
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5617:
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5239:
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5214:
5203:
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5006:
4892:
4842:
4685:
4598:
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4571:
4543:
4536:
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4515:
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4387:
4354:
4070:
4012:
3955:
3940:
3920:
3745:
3476:
3468:
3448:
3375:
3354:
3347:
3202:
2990:
2936:
2895:
1573:
1556:
1539:
1138:
1121:
946:
829:
813:
789:
440:
379:
357:
276:
2514:
2497:
2198:
1948:
1819:
1785:
751:
Tapejaridae was defined by Alexander Kellner in 1989 as the clade containing both
2563:
2372:
2111:
1902:
7274:
7040:
7000:
6919:
6883:
6617:
6392:
6325:
6268:
6214:
6071:
5739:
5610:
5602:
5562:
5521:
5513:
5388:
5355:
5323:
5315:
5286:
5247:
5231:
5119:
5111:
5104:
5050:
4991:
4983:
4644:
4606:
4529:
4184:
4117:
4084:
4020:
3361:
3230:
3185:
3162:
2837:
1394:
690:
459:
390:
368:
158:
56:
2463:
2425:
7008:
6963:
6891:
6766:
6758:
6593:
6572:
6517:
6385:
6360:
6310:
6275:
6221:
6109:
6101:
6094:
5846:
5769:
5761:
5660:
5624:
5462:
5363:
5342:
5331:
5268:
4885:
4678:
4671:
4106:
3997:
3004:
2661:
2331:
2314:
2063:
1626:
1590:
1001:
698:
677:
589:
585:
500:
470:
410:
101:
66:
7265:
2572:
2523:
2381:
1827:
7068:
6510:
6458:
6180:
6173:
6141:
6079:
5805:
5798:
5790:
5710:
5488:
5454:
5404:
5397:
5134:
5072:
4976:
4564:
3963:
3680:
3307:
3147:
2982:
2859:
2781:
2768:
2731:
2670:
2631:
1643:
1448:
809:
781:
682:
668:
528:
518:
223:
190:
106:
50:
17:
2590:
2531:
2482:
2399:
2340:
2130:
1921:
2028:
2007:
1768:
David M. Martill; Mick Green; Roy Smith; Megan Jacobs; John Winch (2020).
7259:
7140:
7024:
7016:
6790:
6774:
6705:
6282:
5632:
5537:
5469:
5141:
5096:
4869:
4098:
3758:
2655:
882:. In 2021 a new study focus on the most complete Tapejaridae, a skeleton
727:
672:
210:
96:
91:
76:
71:
61:
7307:
1854:
721:
635:
Reconstructed profiles of three Brazilian species; from top to bottom,
608:
604:
600:
111:
86:
5731:
5498:
5080:
3688:
3555:
2649:
686:
596:
200:
7236:
4829:
3425:
2012:, with comments on the relationships of Tapejaridae (Pterosauria)"
804:
The exact relationships of tapejarids to one another and to other
630:
620:
612:
7294:
850:. They also re-defined the Tapejarinae as all species closer to
7240:
6009:
4800:
4182:
3651:
2766:
2642:
2604:
2600:
2258:
The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: Window into an Ancient World.
2046:
Eck, K.; Elgin, R.A.; Frey, E. (2011). "On the osteology of
892:
862:, to include all descendants of the last common ancestor of
27:
Family of azhdarchoid pterosaurs from the Cretaceous period
2315:"The Earliest Pterodactyloid and the Origin of the Group"
2275:"Cranial crest development in the azhdarchoid pterosaur
2268:
2266:
1935:
Mull, Olivia K.; Bennett, S. Christopher (2023-07-31).
2279:, with a review of the genus and tapejarid monophyly"
2185:(Pterodactyloidea, Tapejaridae, Thalassodrominae)".
524:
514:
506:
496:
486:
476:
466:
455:
447:
436:
428:
416:
406:
396:
386:
375:
364:
353:
345:
337:
325:
315:
306:
283:
7249:
7107:
7057:
6989:
6980:
6952:
6917:
6873:
6838:
6828:
6724:
6653:
6638:
6607:
6562:
6527:
6482:
6448:
6402:
6375:
6348:
6292:
6248:
6190:
6152:
6120:
6061:
6052:
6022:
5942:
5822:
5780:
5721:
5681:
5643:
5572:
5548:
5487:
5438:
5387:
5341:
5285:
5213:
5189:
5161:
5152:
5061:
5027:
5016:
4953:
4918:
4855:
4840:
4813:
4744:
4719:
4654:
4630:
4581:
4553:
4449:
4405:
4373:
4321:
4306:
4273:
4225:
4195:
4116:
4034:
3980:
3930:
3906:
3895:
3861:
3799:
3775:
3744:
3699:
3664:
3566:
3516:
3506:
3458:
3408:
3399:
3333:
3285:
3274:
3243:
3228:
3200:
3137:
3107:
3079:
3039:
3014:
2972:
2963:
2920:
2877:
2836:
2809:
2779:
2730:
2703:
2260:
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Pp. 582–607.
2085:Wu, Wen-Hao; Zhou, Chang-Fu; Andres, Brian (2017).
2001:
1999:
1997:
681:that preserves seeds in the abdominal cavity. The
2156:Could Tapejarid Pterosaurs be the dispersers of
2308:
2306:
2616:
2041:
2039:
8:
577:word meaning "the lord of the ways") are a
7237:
6986:
6925:
6835:
6659:
6650:
6646:
6604:
6600:
6488:
6408:
6372:
6368:
6260:
6256:
6158:
6126:
6058:
6034:
6030:
6019:
6006:
5939:
5777:
5718:
5687:
5578:
5554:
5446:
5347:
5291:
5210:
5195:
5158:
5035:
5024:
4961:
4861:
4852:
4848:
4821:
4810:
4797:
4725:
4716:
4636:
4457:
4379:
4318:
4314:
4281:
4207:
4203:
4192:
4179:
4040:
3912:
3903:
3869:
3781:
3750:
3711:
3707:
3672:
3661:
3648:
3513:
3405:
3339:
3291:
3282:
3240:
3236:
3209:
3119:
3115:
3088:
3020:
2969:
2928:
2843:
2791:
2787:
2776:
2763:
2709:
2700:
2639:
2623:
2609:
2601:
122:
31:
2580:
2562:
2513:
2472:
2462:
2389:
2371:
2330:
2294:
2120:
2110:
2027:
1911:
1901:
2502:Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
2220:
2218:
2216:
1760:
2313:Andres, B.; Clark, J.; Xu, X. (2014).
730:of various members of the Tapejaridae
7:
1618:
1531:
1524:
1500:
1476:
1423:
1413:
1386:
1376:
1247:
1223:
1173:
1166:
1113:
1106:
1079:
1052:
993:
969:
962:
938:
913:
903:
595:. Members are currently known from
7375:Early Cretaceous first appearances
2187:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1980:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2006.tb00251.x
25:
2273:Martill, D.M.; Naish, D. (2006).
1373:: Kellner and colleagues (2019).
769:and its close relatives, and the
7221:
7215:
7208:
5991:
5983:
5975:
4783:
4777:
4165:
4160:
3634:
3627:
3619:
2296:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00575.x
900:: Andres and colleagues (2014).
737:
720:
177:
2052:Swiss Journal of Palaeontology
886:, confirmed the 2019 topology
697:which represents a more basal
1:
2515:10.1590/0001-3765201920190768
2199:10.1080/02724634.2018.1443273
2016:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
1949:10.1080/08912963.2023.2241044
1820:10.1080/08912963.2024.2355664
1786:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104487
2564:10.1371/journal.pone.0254789
2373:10.1371/journal.pone.0254789
2112:10.1371/journal.pone.0185486
1903:10.1371/journal.pone.0038900
1843:Paläontologische Zeitschrift
7380:Late Cretaceous extinctions
2145:Chinese Academy of Sciences
7401:
2464:10.1038/s41598-019-54042-z
2426:10.1038/s41598-019-41280-4
693:, especially of the genus
7205:
6928:
6662:
6649:
6603:
6491:
6411:
6371:
6263:
6259:
6161:
6129:
6037:
6033:
6018:
6005:
5972:
5938:
5690:
5581:
5557:
5449:
5350:
5294:
5198:
5038:
4964:
4864:
4851:
4824:
4809:
4796:
4774:
4728:
4715:
4639:
4460:
4382:
4317:
4284:
4210:
4206:
4191:
4178:
4158:
4043:
3915:
3872:
3784:
3753:
3714:
3710:
3675:
3660:
3647:
3616:
3342:
3294:
3239:
3212:
3122:
3118:
3091:
3023:
2931:
2846:
2794:
2790:
2775:
2762:
2712:
2699:
2638:
2332:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.030
2227:Boletim do Museu Nacional
2064:10.1007/s13358-011-0024-5
1674:
1657:
1640:
1623:
1616:
1587:
1574:"Huaxiapterus" corollatus
1570:
1557:"Huaxiapterus" benxiensis
1553:
1536:
1529:
1522:
1505:
1498:
1481:
1474:
1445:
1428:
1421:
1411:
1391:
1384:
1269:
1252:
1245:
1228:
1221:
1195:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1139:"Huaxiapterus" corollatus
1135:
1122:"Huaxiapterus" benxiensis
1118:
1111:
1104:
1084:
1077:
1057:
1050:
1015:
998:
991:
974:
967:
960:
943:
936:
918:
911:
858:, and added a new clade,
552:
545:
303:
298:
282:
275:
174:Scientific classification
172:
130:
121:
34:
1019:Nemicolopterus crypticus
4198:Archaeopterodactyloidea
2010:Tupandactylus imperator
1199:Tupandactylus imperator
650:Tupandactylus imperator
147:Tupandactylus imperator
2508:(suppl 2): e20190768.
1256:Europejara olcadesorum
1182:Tupandactylus navigans
884:Tupandactylus navigans
654:
644:Tupandactylus navigans
159:Huaxiadraco corollatus
7342:Paleobiology Database
2029:10.4202/app.2010.0057
1968:Acta Geologica Sinica
880:phylogenetic analysis
634:
3810:Archaeoistiodactylus
3720:Archaeoistiodactylus
2048:Tapejara wellnhoferi
2008:"New information on
1273:Tapejara wellnhoferi
638:Tapejara wellnhoferi
561:(Pêgas et al., 2023)
288:Tapejara wellnhoferi
153:Tapejara wellnhoferi
6875:Targaryendraconidae
6564:Ornithocheiriformes
6251:Ornithocheiromorpha
5550:Neopterodactyloidea
5477:Dsungaripteromorpha
3245:Campylognathoididae
2965:Eudimorphodontoidea
2455:2019NatSR...917875K
2245:Naturwissenschaften
2103:2017PLoSO..1285486W
1894:2012PLoSO...738900V
1774:Cretaceous Research
1232:Bakonydraco galaczi
801:, for this reason.
141:Caiuajara dobruskii
135:Torukjara bandeirae
7385:Pterosaur families
6404:Istiodactyliformes
4878:Lonchognathosaurus
4721:Eupterodactyloidea
3864:Pterodactyliformes
3667:Pterodactylomorpha
3654:Pterodactylomorpha
3568:Pterodactylomorpha
3410:Angustinaripterini
3041:Eudimorphodontinae
3016:Eudimorphodontidae
2443:Scientific Reports
2415:Scientific Reports
2159:Klitzschophyllites
1941:Historical Biology
1855:10.1007/BF02987987
1811:Historical Biology
1780:: Article 104487.
695:Klitzschophyllites
655:
7357:
7356:
7329:Open Tree of Life
7243:Taxon identifiers
7234:
7233:
7230:
7229:
7203:
7202:
7199:
7198:
7195:
7194:
7191:
7190:
7187:
7186:
7183:
7182:
7179:
7178:
7175:
7174:
7171:
7170:
6913:
6912:
6909:
6908:
6830:Targaryendraconia
6824:
6823:
6634:
6633:
6558:
6557:
6554:
6553:
6344:
6343:
6244:
6243:
6240:
6239:
6236:
6235:
6232:
6231:
6001:
6000:
5970:
5969:
5966:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5934:
5933:
5930:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5922:
5921:
5918:
5917:
5914:
5913:
5910:
5909:
5906:
5905:
5677:
5676:
5645:Chaoyangopterinae
5574:Chaoyangopteridae
5434:
5433:
5430:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5422:
5421:
5418:
5417:
5414:
5413:
4949:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4816:Ornithocheiroidea
4803:Ornithocheiroidea
4792:
4791:
4772:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4764:
4763:
4746:Ornithocheiroidea
4711:
4710:
4707:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4509:Gladocephaloideus
4445:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4407:Aurorazhdarchidae
4309:Ctenochasmatoidea
4269:
4268:
4227:Germanodactylidae
4174:
4173:
4156:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4030:
4029:
4005:Dendrorhynchoides
3982:Batrachognathinae
3948:Dendrorhynchoides
3878:Changchengopterus
3857:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3643:
3642:
3614:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3494:
3493:
3419:Angustinaripterus
3335:Rhamphorhynchinae
3287:Rhamphorhynchidae
3270:
3269:
3261:Campylognathoides
3196:
3195:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3067:
3066:
2974:Raeticodactylidae
2916:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2879:Austriadraconidae
2758:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2749:
1751:
1750:
1743:
1742:
1734:
1733:
1725:
1724:
1716:
1715:
1707:
1706:
1698:
1697:
1689:
1688:
1602:
1601:
1460:
1459:
1365:
1364:
1356:
1355:
1347:
1346:
1338:
1337:
1329:
1328:
1320:
1319:
1311:
1310:
1302:
1301:
1293:
1292:
1284:
1283:
1210:
1209:
1150:
1149:
1039:
1038:
1030:
1029:
799:Chaoyangopterinae
795:Chaoyangopteridae
728:Life restorations
568:
567:
271:
16:(Redirected from
7392:
7350:
7349:
7337:
7336:
7324:
7323:
7311:
7310:
7298:
7297:
7285:
7284:
7283:
7270:
7269:
7268:
7238:
7225:
7219:
7213:
7212:
7059:Coloborhynchinae
6987:
6942:Ornithocheiridae
6934:Brasileodactylus
6926:
6836:
6726:Ornithocheirinae
6660:
6655:Ornithocheiridae
6651:
6647:
6605:
6601:
6580:Brasileodactylus
6489:
6409:
6377:Lonchodraconidae
6373:
6369:
6261:
6257:
6159:
6127:
6122:Nyctosauromorpha
6059:
6035:
6031:
6025:Pteranodontoidea
6020:
6012:Pteranodontoidea
6007:
5996:
5995:
5988:
5987:
5980:
5979:
5944:Pteranodontoidea
5940:
5824:Quetzalcoatlinae
5813:Mistralazhdarcho
5778:
5719:
5688:
5579:
5555:
5447:
5348:
5292:
5211:
5196:
5159:
5063:Thalassodromidae
5036:
5025:
4962:
4920:Dsungaripterinae
4862:
4857:Dsungaripteridae
4853:
4849:
4822:
4811:
4798:
4787:
4782:
4781:
4726:
4717:
4637:
4632:Ctenochasmatinae
4614:Plataleorhynchus
4458:
4452:Ctenochasmatidae
4380:
4319:
4315:
4282:
4276:Euctenochasmatia
4208:
4204:
4193:
4180:
4169:
4164:
4092:Propterodactylus
4078:Ningchengopterus
4041:
4036:Pterodactyloidea
3913:
3904:
3870:
3782:
3751:
3712:
3708:
3673:
3662:
3649:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3624:
3623:
3542:Jianchangopterus
3528:Fenghuangopterus
3514:
3460:Rhamphorhynchini
3406:
3340:
3292:
3283:
3241:
3237:
3210:
3139:Dimorphodontidae
3120:
3116:
3089:
3021:
2970:
2929:
2844:
2792:
2788:
2777:
2764:
2710:
2701:
2694:
2693:
2689:Pterosauromorpha
2640:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2602:
2595:
2594:
2584:
2566:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2517:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2476:
2466:
2434:
2428:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2393:
2375:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2334:
2310:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2270:
2261:
2254:
2248:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2222:
2211:
2210:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2163:
2154:
2148:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2124:
2114:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2043:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2003:
1992:
1991:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1915:
1905:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1849:(1–2): 133–142.
1838:
1832:
1831:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1765:
1619:
1532:
1525:
1501:
1477:
1424:
1418:Thalassodrominae
1414:
1387:
1377:
1248:
1224:
1174:
1167:
1114:
1107:
1088:Sinopterus dongi
1080:
1061:Huaxiapterus jii
1053:
1002:"Sinopterus" gui
994:
978:Eopteranodon lii
970:
963:
939:
914:
904:
893:
773:, consisting of
771:Thalassodrominae
763:, consisting of
741:
724:
706:thalassodromines
562:
526:
516:
508:
498:
488:
478:
468:
457:
449:
438:
430:
418:
408:
398:
388:
377:
366:
355:
347:
339:
327:
317:
308:
285:
269:
264:
251:
237:Pterodactyloidea
235:
222:
182:
181:
165:Sinopterus dongi
126:
116:
53:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
7400:
7399:
7395:
7394:
7393:
7391:
7390:
7389:
7360:
7359:
7358:
7353:
7345:
7340:
7332:
7327:
7319:
7314:
7306:
7301:
7293:
7288:
7279:
7278:
7273:
7264:
7263:
7258:
7245:
7235:
7226:
7207:
7167:
7148:Liaoningopterus
7103:
7053:
6991:Tropeognathinae
6976:
6948:
6922:
6905:
6869:
6840:Cimoliopteridae
6820:
6720:
6643:
6630:
6625:Zhenyuanopterus
6599:
6550:
6529:Istiodactylinae
6523:
6504:Longchengpterus
6497:Lingyuanopterus
6484:Istiodactylidae
6478:
6444:
6417:Hongshanopterus
6398:
6367:
6353:
6340:
6303:Hongshanopterus
6288:
6253:
6228:
6201:Barbaridactylus
6186:
6148:
6116:
6063:Pteranodontidae
6048:
6043:Santanadactylus
6027:
6014:
5997:
5990:
5982:
5974:
5958:
5902:
5897:Zhejiangopterus
5818:
5776:
5755:Palaeocursornis
5717:
5696:Montanazhdarcho
5683:Azhdarchiformes
5673:
5654:Chaoyangopterus
5639:
5568:
5544:
5530:Montanazhdarcho
5483:
5443:
5441:Azhdarchomorpha
5410:
5383:
5337:
5300:Aymberedactylus
5281:
5209:
5185:
5173:Aymberedactylus
5148:
5128:Thalassodromeus
5057:
5032:
5021:
5012:
5000:Montanazhdarcho
4958:
4941:
4929:Domeykodactylus
4914:
4908:Tendaguripterus
4845:
4836:
4818:
4805:
4788:
4776:
4760:
4740:
4734:Altmuehlopterus
4691:
4650:
4626:
4577:
4549:
4454:
4437:
4401:
4395:Gallodactylidae
4375:Aurorazhdarchia
4369:
4347:Normannognathus
4323:Gallodactylidae
4311:
4302:
4278:
4265:
4259:Tendaguripterus
4251:Normannognathus
4244:Germanodactylus
4236:Altmuehlopterus
4221:
4200:
4187:
4170:
4132:
4112:
4026:
3991:Batrachognathus
3976:
3971:Vesperopterylus
3926:
3900:
3891:
3866:
3845:
3801:Wukongopterinae
3795:
3777:Wukongopteridae
3771:
3740:
3727:Normannognathus
3704:
3695:
3669:
3656:
3639:
3626:
3618:
3582:
3562:
3535:Jianchangnathus
3518:Scaphognathidae
3508:Digibrevisauria
3490:
3485:Rhamphorhynchus
3454:
3441:Qinglongopterus
3433:Harpactognathus
3401:Rhamphorhynchae
3395:
3390:Qinglongopterus
3369:Harpactognathus
3329:
3323:Scaphognathinae
3315:Parapsicephalus
3279:
3266:
3254:Bergamodactylus
3233:
3224:
3206:
3192:
3170:Parapsicephalus
3133:
3112:
3110:Macronychoptera
3103:
3085:
3063:
3035:
3029:Arcticodactylus
3010:
2998:Raeticodactylus
2959:
2925:
2908:
2888:Arcticodactylus
2873:
2867:Raeticodactylus
2832:
2820:Austriadactylus
2805:
2784:
2771:
2746:
2726:
2720:Avemetatarsalia
2705:Avemetatarsalia
2695:
2680:Avemetatarsalia
2645:
2644:
2634:
2629:
2599:
2598:
2557:(8): e0254789.
2544:
2543:
2539:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2411:
2407:
2366:(8): e0254789.
2353:
2352:
2348:
2319:Current Biology
2312:
2311:
2304:
2272:
2271:
2264:
2255:
2251:
2242:
2238:
2224:
2223:
2214:
2193:(2): e1443273.
2183:Thalassodromeus
2180:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2155:
2151:
2142:
2138:
2097:(9): e0185486.
2084:
2083:
2079:
2045:
2044:
2037:
2005:
2004:
1995:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1603:
1509:Aymberedactylus
1461:
1432:Thalassodromeus
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1294:
1285:
1211:
1151:
1040:
1031:
876:dsungaripterids
776:Thalassodromeus
749:
748:
747:
746:
745:
742:
733:
732:
731:
725:
714:
664:
629:
560:
559:
330:Aymberedactylus
294:
291:
268:
262:
249:
233:
220:
176:
117:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
48:
47:
44:Late Cretaceous
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7398:
7396:
7388:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7370:Tapejaromorphs
7362:
7361:
7355:
7354:
7352:
7351:
7338:
7325:
7312:
7299:
7286:
7271:
7255:
7253:
7247:
7246:
7241:
7232:
7231:
7228:
7227:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7200:
7197:
7196:
7193:
7192:
7189:
7188:
7185:
7184:
7181:
7180:
7177:
7176:
7173:
7172:
7169:
7168:
7166:
7165:
7158:
7151:
7144:
7137:
7129:
7125:Caulkicephalus
7121:
7113:
7111:
7105:
7104:
7102:
7101:
7098:Uktenadactylus
7094:
7086:
7079:
7076:Coloborhynchus
7072:
7064:
7062:
7055:
7054:
7052:
7051:
7044:
7037:
7029:
7021:
7013:
7005:
6996:
6994:
6984:
6978:
6977:
6975:
6974:
6967:
6959:
6957:
6950:
6949:
6947:
6946:
6938:
6929:
6923:
6918:
6915:
6914:
6911:
6910:
6907:
6906:
6904:
6903:
6900:Targaryendraco
6896:
6888:
6879:
6877:
6871:
6870:
6868:
6867:
6860:
6852:
6844:
6842:
6833:
6826:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6819:
6818:
6814:Uktenadactylus
6810:
6802:
6799:Ornithocheirus
6795:
6787:
6779:
6771:
6763:
6755:
6751:Coloborhynchus
6747:
6739:
6730:
6728:
6722:
6721:
6719:
6718:
6710:
6702:
6694:
6690:Caulkicephalus
6686:
6678:
6675:Arthurdactylus
6671:
6663:
6657:
6644:
6641:Ornithocheirae
6639:
6636:
6635:
6632:
6631:
6629:
6628:
6621:
6613:
6611:
6598:
6597:
6590:
6583:
6576:
6568:
6566:
6560:
6559:
6556:
6555:
6552:
6551:
6549:
6548:
6541:
6533:
6531:
6525:
6524:
6522:
6521:
6514:
6507:
6500:
6492:
6486:
6480:
6479:
6477:
6476:
6469:
6466:Linlongopterus
6462:
6454:
6452:
6450:Mimodactylidae
6446:
6445:
6443:
6442:
6438:Lonchodectidae
6434:
6427:
6424:Linlongopterus
6420:
6412:
6406:
6400:
6399:
6397:
6396:
6389:
6381:
6379:
6366:
6365:
6356:
6354:
6349:
6346:
6345:
6342:
6341:
6339:
6338:
6334:Targaryendraco
6330:
6322:
6315:
6307:
6298:
6296:
6294:Lonchodectidae
6290:
6289:
6287:
6286:
6279:
6272:
6264:
6254:
6249:
6246:
6245:
6242:
6241:
6238:
6237:
6234:
6233:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6226:
6218:
6211:
6208:Muzquizopteryx
6204:
6196:
6194:
6188:
6187:
6185:
6184:
6177:
6170:
6162:
6156:
6154:Aponyctosauria
6150:
6149:
6147:
6146:
6138:
6130:
6124:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6114:
6106:
6098:
6091:
6083:
6076:
6067:
6065:
6056:
6050:
6049:
6047:
6046:
6038:
6028:
6023:
6016:
6015:
6010:
6003:
6002:
5999:
5998:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5967:
5964:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5956:
5955:
5954:
5948:
5946:
5936:
5935:
5932:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5920:
5919:
5916:
5915:
5912:
5911:
5908:
5907:
5904:
5903:
5901:
5900:
5893:
5885:
5882:Thanatosdrakon
5878:
5875:Quetzalcoatlus
5871:
5868:Phosphatodraco
5864:
5857:
5850:
5843:
5840:Arambourgiania
5836:
5828:
5826:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5816:
5809:
5802:
5795:
5786:
5784:
5775:
5774:
5766:
5758:
5751:
5747:Navajodactylus
5743:
5736:
5727:
5725:
5716:
5715:
5707:
5700:
5691:
5685:
5679:
5678:
5675:
5674:
5672:
5671:
5668:Shenzhoupterus
5664:
5657:
5649:
5647:
5641:
5640:
5638:
5637:
5629:
5621:
5614:
5607:
5599:
5595:Argentinadraco
5591:
5582:
5576:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5566:
5558:
5552:
5546:
5545:
5543:
5542:
5534:
5526:
5518:
5510:
5506:Argentinadraco
5502:
5494:
5492:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5481:
5473:
5466:
5459:
5450:
5444:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5432:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5424:
5423:
5420:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5412:
5411:
5409:
5408:
5401:
5393:
5391:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5374:
5367:
5360:
5351:
5345:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5328:
5320:
5312:
5304:
5295:
5289:
5283:
5282:
5280:
5279:
5272:
5265:
5262:Nemicolopterus
5258:
5251:
5244:
5236:
5228:
5219:
5217:
5208:
5207:
5199:
5193:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5183:
5176:
5168:
5166:
5156:
5154:Tapejariformes
5150:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5138:
5131:
5124:
5116:
5108:
5101:
5093:
5089:Argentinadraco
5085:
5077:
5068:
5066:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5055:
5047:
5039:
5033:
5030:Tapejaromorpha
5028:
5022:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4988:
4980:
4973:
4970:Argentinadraco
4965:
4959:
4954:
4951:
4950:
4947:
4946:
4943:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4936:Dsungaripterus
4932:
4924:
4922:
4916:
4915:
4913:
4912:
4904:
4896:
4889:
4882:
4874:
4865:
4859:
4846:
4841:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4834:
4825:
4819:
4814:
4807:
4806:
4801:
4794:
4793:
4790:
4789:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4762:
4761:
4759:
4758:
4757:
4756:
4750:
4748:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4729:
4723:
4713:
4712:
4709:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4682:
4675:
4668:
4660:
4658:
4656:Pterodaustrini
4652:
4651:
4649:
4648:
4640:
4634:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4624:
4617:
4610:
4603:
4595:
4587:
4585:
4583:Gnathosaurinae
4579:
4578:
4576:
4575:
4568:
4560:
4558:
4555:Moganopterinae
4551:
4550:
4548:
4547:
4540:
4533:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4505:
4498:
4491:
4484:
4477:
4474:Balaenognathus
4470:
4461:
4455:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4443:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4436:
4435:
4427:
4424:Aurorazhdarcho
4420:
4411:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4399:
4391:
4383:
4377:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4363:Moganopterinae
4359:
4351:
4343:
4336:
4332:Aurorazhdarcho
4327:
4325:
4312:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4293:
4285:
4279:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4255:
4247:
4240:
4231:
4229:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4219:
4211:
4201:
4196:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4122:
4120:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4103:
4095:
4088:
4081:
4074:
4067:
4059:
4052:
4044:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4017:
4009:
4001:
3994:
3986:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3952:
3944:
3936:
3934:
3932:Anurognathinae
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3916:
3910:
3908:Anurognathidae
3901:
3896:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3886:Douzhanopterus
3882:
3873:
3867:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3836:
3832:Douzhanopterus
3828:
3821:
3814:
3805:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3790:Kunpengopterus
3785:
3779:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3762:
3754:
3748:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3738:
3734:Anurognathidae
3730:
3723:
3715:
3705:
3702:Monofenestrata
3700:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3685:
3676:
3670:
3665:
3658:
3657:
3652:
3645:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3572:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3552:
3545:
3538:
3531:
3523:
3521:
3511:
3504:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3481:
3473:
3464:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3445:
3437:
3429:
3422:
3414:
3412:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3386:
3383:Orientognathus
3379:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3351:
3343:
3337:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3319:
3311:
3304:
3300:Dolicorhamphus
3295:
3289:
3280:
3277:Breviquartossa
3275:
3272:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3257:
3249:
3247:
3234:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3213:
3207:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3182:
3174:
3166:
3159:
3156:Caelestiventus
3152:
3143:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3123:
3113:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3092:
3086:
3082:Zambellisauria
3080:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3054:
3050:Carniadactylus
3045:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2978:
2976:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2949:
2941:
2932:
2926:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2903:Seazzadactylus
2899:
2892:
2883:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2863:
2856:
2852:Carniadactylus
2847:
2841:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2823:
2815:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2800:Daohugoupterus
2795:
2785:
2780:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2736:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2713:
2707:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2691:
2682:
2673:
2664:
2658:
2652:
2643:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2605:
2597:
2596:
2537:
2488:
2429:
2405:
2346:
2302:
2289:(4): 925–941.
2262:
2249:
2236:
2212:
2173:
2164:
2149:
2136:
2077:
2058:(2): 277–296.
2035:
1993:
1974:(3): 315–326.
1954:
1927:
1868:
1833:
1799:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1622:
1617:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1535:
1530:
1528:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1504:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1412:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1390:
1385:
1383:
1381:Tapejaromorpha
1375:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1177:
1172:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1105:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1083:
1078:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1006:
997:
992:
990:
987:
986:
983:
982:
973:
968:
966:
961:
959:
956:
955:
952:
951:
942:
937:
935:
933:Tapejaromorpha
929:
928:
925:
924:
917:
912:
910:
902:
891:
839:Quetzalcoatlus
816:(in the clade
743:
736:
735:
734:
726:
719:
718:
717:
716:
715:
713:
712:Classification
710:
663:
660:
628:
625:
583:pterodactyloid
566:
565:
564:
563:
550:
549:
543:
542:
541:
540:
539:
538:
537:
536:
535:
534:
533:
532:
522:
504:
494:
484:
474:
464:
445:
426:
425:
424:
414:
404:
401:Nemicolopterus
394:
384:
373:
362:
335:
334:
333:
323:
301:
300:
296:
295:
292:
280:
279:
273:
272:
260:
256:
255:
253:Tapejaromorpha
247:
240:
239:
231:
227:
226:
218:
214:
213:
208:
204:
203:
198:
194:
193:
188:
184:
183:
170:
169:
128:
127:
119:
118:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
54:
37:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7397:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7367:
7365:
7348:
7343:
7339:
7335:
7330:
7326:
7322:
7317:
7313:
7309:
7304:
7300:
7296:
7291:
7287:
7282:
7276:
7272:
7267:
7261:
7257:
7256:
7254:
7252:
7248:
7244:
7239:
7224:
7220:
7218:
7211:
7164:
7163:
7162:Maaradactylus
7159:
7157:
7156:
7152:
7150:
7149:
7145:
7143:
7142:
7138:
7135:
7134:
7133:Cearadactylus
7130:
7127:
7126:
7122:
7120:
7119:
7115:
7114:
7112:
7110:
7109:Anhanguerinae
7106:
7100:
7099:
7095:
7092:
7091:
7090:Siroccopteryx
7087:
7085:
7084:
7080:
7078:
7077:
7073:
7071:
7070:
7066:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7056:
7050:
7049:
7048:Tropeognathus
7045:
7043:
7042:
7038:
7035:
7034:
7033:Siroccopteryx
7030:
7027:
7026:
7022:
7019:
7018:
7014:
7011:
7010:
7006:
7003:
7002:
6998:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6982:Anhangueridae
6979:
6973:
6972:
6971:Iberodactylus
6968:
6966:
6965:
6961:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6951:
6944:
6943:
6939:
6936:
6935:
6931:
6930:
6927:
6924:
6921:
6916:
6902:
6901:
6897:
6894:
6893:
6889:
6886:
6885:
6881:
6880:
6878:
6876:
6872:
6866:
6865:
6864:Cimoliopterus
6861:
6858:
6857:
6856:Camposipterus
6853:
6851:
6850:
6846:
6845:
6843:
6841:
6837:
6834:
6831:
6827:
6816:
6815:
6811:
6808:
6807:
6806:Siroccopteryx
6803:
6801:
6800:
6796:
6793:
6792:
6788:
6785:
6784:
6780:
6777:
6776:
6772:
6769:
6768:
6764:
6761:
6760:
6756:
6753:
6752:
6748:
6745:
6744:
6743:Camposipterus
6740:
6737:
6736:
6732:
6731:
6729:
6727:
6723:
6716:
6715:
6714:Tropeognathus
6711:
6708:
6707:
6703:
6700:
6699:
6698:Cimoliopterus
6695:
6692:
6691:
6687:
6684:
6683:
6682:Camposipterus
6679:
6677:
6676:
6672:
6670:
6669:
6668:Araripesaurus
6665:
6664:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6652:
6648:
6645:
6642:
6637:
6627:
6626:
6622:
6620:
6619:
6615:
6614:
6612:
6610:
6609:Boreopteridae
6606:
6602:
6596:
6595:
6591:
6589:
6588:
6587:Cearadactylus
6584:
6582:
6581:
6577:
6575:
6574:
6570:
6569:
6567:
6565:
6561:
6547:
6546:
6542:
6540:
6539:
6538:Istiodactylus
6535:
6534:
6532:
6530:
6526:
6520:
6519:
6515:
6513:
6512:
6508:
6506:
6505:
6501:
6499:
6498:
6494:
6493:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6481:
6475:
6474:
6470:
6468:
6467:
6463:
6461:
6460:
6456:
6455:
6453:
6451:
6447:
6440:
6439:
6435:
6433:
6432:
6431:Yixianopterus
6428:
6426:
6425:
6421:
6419:
6418:
6414:
6413:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6401:
6395:
6394:
6390:
6388:
6387:
6383:
6382:
6380:
6378:
6374:
6370:
6363:
6362:
6358:
6357:
6355:
6352:
6347:
6336:
6335:
6331:
6328:
6327:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6316:
6313:
6312:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6300:
6299:
6297:
6295:
6291:
6285:
6284:
6280:
6278:
6277:
6273:
6271:
6270:
6266:
6265:
6262:
6258:
6255:
6252:
6247:
6224:
6223:
6219:
6217:
6216:
6212:
6210:
6209:
6205:
6203:
6202:
6198:
6197:
6195:
6193:
6192:Nyctosauridae
6189:
6183:
6182:
6178:
6176:
6175:
6171:
6169:
6168:
6164:
6163:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6151:
6144:
6143:
6139:
6137:
6136:
6135:Alamodactylus
6132:
6131:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6119:
6112:
6111:
6107:
6104:
6103:
6099:
6097:
6096:
6092:
6089:
6088:
6084:
6082:
6081:
6077:
6074:
6073:
6069:
6068:
6066:
6064:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6054:Pteranodontia
6051:
6045:
6044:
6040:
6039:
6036:
6032:
6029:
6026:
6021:
6017:
6013:
6008:
6004:
5994:
5989:
5986:
5978:
5952:
5951:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5945:
5941:
5937:
5899:
5898:
5894:
5891:
5890:
5889:Wellnhopterus
5886:
5884:
5883:
5879:
5877:
5876:
5872:
5870:
5869:
5865:
5863:
5862:
5861:Hatzegopteryx
5858:
5856:
5855:
5851:
5849:
5848:
5844:
5842:
5841:
5837:
5835:
5834:
5833:Aralazhdarcho
5830:
5829:
5827:
5825:
5821:
5815:
5814:
5810:
5808:
5807:
5803:
5801:
5800:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5788:
5787:
5785:
5783:
5779:
5772:
5771:
5767:
5764:
5763:
5759:
5757:
5756:
5752:
5749:
5748:
5744:
5742:
5741:
5737:
5734:
5733:
5729:
5728:
5726:
5724:
5720:
5713:
5712:
5708:
5706:
5705:
5704:Radiodactylus
5701:
5698:
5697:
5693:
5692:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5680:
5670:
5669:
5665:
5663:
5662:
5658:
5656:
5655:
5651:
5650:
5648:
5646:
5642:
5635:
5634:
5630:
5627:
5626:
5622:
5620:
5619:
5615:
5613:
5612:
5608:
5605:
5604:
5600:
5597:
5596:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5587:Apatorhamphus
5584:
5583:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5571:
5565:
5564:
5560:
5559:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5547:
5540:
5539:
5535:
5532:
5531:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5519:
5516:
5515:
5511:
5508:
5507:
5503:
5501:
5500:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5486:
5479:
5478:
5474:
5472:
5471:
5467:
5465:
5464:
5460:
5457:
5456:
5452:
5451:
5448:
5445:
5442:
5437:
5407:
5406:
5402:
5400:
5399:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5390:
5386:
5380:
5379:
5378:Tupandactylus
5375:
5373:
5372:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5361:
5358:
5357:
5353:
5352:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5321:
5318:
5317:
5313:
5310:
5309:
5308:Caupedactylus
5305:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5296:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5284:
5278:
5277:
5273:
5271:
5270:
5266:
5264:
5263:
5259:
5257:
5256:
5252:
5250:
5249:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5229:
5226:
5225:
5221:
5220:
5218:
5216:
5212:
5206:
5205:
5201:
5200:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5180:Caupedactylus
5177:
5175:
5174:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5163:Caupedactylia
5160:
5157:
5155:
5151:
5144:
5143:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5132:
5130:
5129:
5125:
5122:
5121:
5117:
5114:
5113:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5094:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5078:
5075:
5074:
5070:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5060:
5053:
5052:
5048:
5046:
5045:
5041:
5040:
5037:
5034:
5031:
5026:
5023:
5020:
5019:Neoazhdarchia
5015:
5009:
5008:
5004:
5002:
5001:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4989:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4979:
4978:
4974:
4972:
4971:
4967:
4966:
4963:
4960:
4957:
4956:Azhdarchoidea
4952:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4931:
4930:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4921:
4917:
4910:
4909:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4900:Puntanipterus
4897:
4895:
4894:
4890:
4888:
4887:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4875:
4872:
4871:
4867:
4866:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4839:
4832:
4831:
4827:
4826:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4812:
4808:
4804:
4799:
4795:
4786:
4780:
4754:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4743:
4736:
4735:
4731:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4688:
4687:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4665:Beipiaopterus
4662:
4661:
4659:
4657:
4653:
4647:
4646:
4642:
4641:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4629:
4623:
4622:
4621:Tacuadactylus
4618:
4616:
4615:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4584:
4580:
4574:
4573:
4569:
4567:
4566:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4552:
4546:
4545:
4541:
4539:
4538:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4504:
4503:
4502:Forfexopterus
4499:
4497:
4496:
4495:Elanodactylus
4492:
4490:
4489:
4488:Cratonopterus
4485:
4483:
4482:
4481:Cathayopterus
4478:
4476:
4475:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4466:Ardeadactylus
4463:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4448:
4433:
4432:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4416:Ardeadactylus
4413:
4412:
4410:
4408:
4404:
4397:
4396:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4384:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4365:
4364:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4340:Cycnorhamphus
4337:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4297:Pterodactylus
4294:
4292:
4291:
4290:Diopecephalus
4287:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4272:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4241:
4238:
4237:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4224:
4218:
4217:
4216:Prejanopterus
4213:
4212:
4209:
4205:
4202:
4199:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4181:
4177:
4168:
4163:
4126:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4082:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4063:Herbstosaurus
4060:
4058:
4057:
4056:Eurolimnornis
4053:
4051:
4050:
4049:Dermodactylus
4046:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3943:
3942:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3918:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3898:Caelidracones
3894:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3860:
3842:
3841:
3840:Wukongopterus
3837:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3825:Darwinopterus
3822:
3820:
3819:
3818:Cuspicephalus
3815:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3792:
3791:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3766:Pterorhynchus
3763:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3736:
3735:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3716:
3713:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3698:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3650:
3646:
3637:
3633:
3630:
3622:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3551:
3550:
3549:Scaphognathus
3546:
3544:
3543:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3532:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3505:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3273:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3227:
3220:
3219:
3218:Eudimorphodon
3215:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3204:
3199:
3188:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3178:Peteinosaurus
3175:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3128:Herbstosaurus
3125:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3106:
3099:
3098:
3097:Peteinosaurus
3094:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3078:
3060:
3059:
3058:Eudimorphodon
3055:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3007:
3006:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2955:
2954:
2953:Preondactylia
2950:
2947:
2946:
2945:Peteinosaurus
2942:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2923:Eopterosauria
2919:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2827:Preondactylus
2824:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2811:Preondactylia
2808:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2765:
2761:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2721:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2621:
2619:
2614:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2592:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2541:
2538:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2492:
2489:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2409:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2350:
2347:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2325:(9): 1011–6.
2324:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2283:Palaeontology
2280:
2278:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2232:
2228:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2177:
2174:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2011:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1958:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1931:
1928:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1888:(7): e38900.
1887:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1803:
1800:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1764:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1739:
1738:
1730:
1729:
1721:
1720:
1712:
1711:
1703:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1678:Tupandactylus
1672:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1621:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1503:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1485:Caupedactylus
1479:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1426:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1389:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1361:
1360:
1352:
1351:
1343:
1342:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1324:
1316:
1315:
1307:
1306:
1298:
1297:
1289:
1288:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1176:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1003:
996:
995:
989:
988:
985:
984:
981:
980:
979:
972:
971:
965:
964:
958:
957:
954:
953:
950:
949:
948:
941:
940:
934:
931:
930:
927:
926:
923:
922:
921:Neoazhdarchia
916:
915:
909:
908:Azhdarchoidea
906:
905:
901:
899:
895:
894:
890:
889:
885:
881:
877:
871:
869:
868:Tupandactylus
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
840:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
818:Neoazhdarchia
815:
811:
807:
802:
800:
796:
791:
786:
784:
783:
778:
777:
772:
768:
767:
762:
758:
754:
740:
729:
723:
711:
709:
707:
702:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
679:
674:
670:
661:
659:
652:
651:
646:
645:
640:
639:
633:
626:
624:
622:
618:
617:United States
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
591:
587:
584:
580:
576:
572:
557:
554:
553:
551:
548:
544:
531:
530:
523:
521:
520:
513:
512:
511:
505:
503:
502:
495:
493:
492:
491:Tupandactylus
485:
483:
482:
475:
473:
472:
465:
462:
461:
454:
453:
452:
446:
443:
442:
435:
434:
433:
427:
423:
422:
415:
413:
412:
405:
403:
402:
395:
393:
392:
385:
382:
381:
374:
371:
370:
363:
360:
359:
352:
351:
350:
344:
343:
342:
336:
332:
331:
324:
322:
321:
320:Caupedactylus
314:
313:
311:
310:Caupedactylia
305:
304:
302:
297:
293:Kellner, 1989
290:
289:
281:
278:
274:
270:Kellner, 1989
267:
261:
258:
257:
254:
248:
245:
242:
241:
238:
232:
229:
228:
225:
219:
216:
215:
212:
209:
206:
205:
202:
199:
196:
195:
192:
189:
186:
185:
180:
175:
171:
168:
167:
166:
161:
160:
155:
154:
149:
148:
143:
142:
137:
136:
129:
125:
120:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
52:
45:
41:
33:
30:
19:
7250:
7214:
7160:
7155:Ludodactylus
7153:
7146:
7139:
7131:
7123:
7116:
7096:
7088:
7083:Nicorhynchus
7081:
7074:
7067:
7046:
7039:
7031:
7023:
7015:
7007:
6999:
6969:
6962:
6954:Hamipteridae
6940:
6932:
6898:
6890:
6882:
6862:
6854:
6849:Aetodactylus
6847:
6812:
6804:
6797:
6789:
6783:Ludodactylus
6781:
6773:
6765:
6757:
6749:
6741:
6735:Aetodactylus
6733:
6712:
6704:
6696:
6688:
6680:
6673:
6666:
6623:
6616:
6592:
6585:
6578:
6571:
6545:Liaoxipterus
6543:
6536:
6516:
6509:
6502:
6495:
6473:Mimodactylus
6471:
6464:
6457:
6436:
6429:
6422:
6415:
6391:
6384:
6359:
6351:Lanceodontia
6332:
6324:
6319:Lonchodectes
6317:
6309:
6301:
6281:
6274:
6267:
6220:
6213:
6206:
6199:
6179:
6172:
6165:
6140:
6133:
6108:
6100:
6093:
6087:Ornithostoma
6085:
6078:
6070:
6041:
5981:
5895:
5887:
5880:
5873:
5866:
5859:
5854:Eurazhdarcho
5852:
5845:
5838:
5831:
5811:
5804:
5797:
5789:
5782:Azhdarchinae
5768:
5760:
5753:
5745:
5738:
5730:
5723:Azhdarchidae
5709:
5702:
5694:
5666:
5659:
5652:
5631:
5623:
5618:Meilifeilong
5616:
5609:
5601:
5593:
5585:
5561:
5536:
5528:
5520:
5512:
5504:
5497:
5475:
5468:
5461:
5453:
5403:
5396:
5376:
5369:
5362:
5354:
5330:
5322:
5314:
5306:
5298:
5274:
5267:
5260:
5255:Huaxiapterus
5253:
5246:
5240:Eopteranodon
5238:
5230:
5224:Afrotapejara
5222:
5215:Sinopterinae
5204:Afrotapejara
5202:
5190:
5178:
5171:
5140:
5133:
5126:
5118:
5110:
5103:
5095:
5087:
5079:
5071:
5049:
5044:Bennettazhia
5042:
5007:Ornithostoma
5005:
4998:
4990:
4982:
4975:
4968:
4934:
4927:
4906:
4898:
4893:Ordosipterus
4891:
4884:
4876:
4868:
4843:Tapejaroidea
4828:
4732:
4686:Pterodaustro
4684:
4677:
4670:
4663:
4643:
4619:
4612:
4605:
4599:Huanhepterus
4597:
4592:Gnathosaurus
4590:
4572:Moganopterus
4570:
4563:
4544:Pterofiltrus
4542:
4537:Petrodactyle
4535:
4528:
4523:Liaodactylus
4521:
4516:Kepodactylus
4514:
4507:
4500:
4493:
4486:
4479:
4472:
4464:
4431:Huanhepterus
4429:
4422:
4414:
4393:
4388:Aerodactylus
4386:
4361:
4355:Petrodactyle
4353:
4345:
4338:
4330:
4295:
4288:
4257:
4249:
4242:
4234:
4214:
4105:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4071:Kryptodrakon
4069:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4019:
4013:Jeholopterus
4011:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3969:
3962:
3956:Jeholopterus
3954:
3946:
3941:Anurognathus
3939:
3921:Mesadactylus
3919:
3884:
3876:
3838:
3830:
3823:
3816:
3808:
3788:
3764:
3757:
3746:Darwinoptera
3732:
3725:
3718:
3687:
3679:
3625:
3554:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3526:
3483:
3477:Nesodactylus
3475:
3469:Cacibupteryx
3467:
3449:Sericipterus
3447:
3439:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3388:
3381:
3376:Nesodactylus
3374:
3367:
3360:
3355:Cacibupteryx
3353:
3348:Bellubrunnus
3346:
3321:
3313:
3306:
3298:
3259:
3252:
3216:
3203:Lonchognatha
3184:
3176:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3146:
3126:
3095:
3056:
3048:
3027:
3003:
2996:
2991:Pachagnathus
2989:
2981:
2951:
2943:
2937:Austriadraco
2935:
2901:
2896:Austriadraco
2894:
2886:
2865:
2858:
2850:
2825:
2818:
2798:
2684:
2675:
2666:
2554:
2550:
2540:
2505:
2501:
2491:
2449:(1): 17875.
2446:
2442:
2432:
2417:
2414:
2408:
2363:
2359:
2349:
2322:
2318:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2257:
2252:
2244:
2239:
2230:
2226:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2167:
2157:
2152:
2144:
2139:
2094:
2090:
2080:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2019:
2015:
2009:
1971:
1967:
1964:Huaxiapterus
1963:
1957:
1940:
1930:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1846:
1842:
1836:
1809:
1802:
1777:
1773:
1763:
1745:
1676:
1675:
1659:
1658:
1642:
1641:
1625:
1624:
1612:
1589:
1588:
1572:
1571:
1555:
1554:
1540:Eopteranodon
1538:
1537:
1507:
1506:
1483:
1482:
1470:
1447:
1446:
1430:
1429:
1407:
1393:
1392:
1370:
1369:
1271:
1270:
1254:
1253:
1230:
1229:
1197:
1196:
1180:
1179:
1160:
1137:
1136:
1120:
1119:
1100:
1086:
1085:
1073:
1059:
1058:
1017:
1016:
1000:
999:
976:
975:
947:Bennettazhia
945:
944:
919:
897:
896:
887:
883:
872:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
837:
833:
830:paraphyletic
825:
821:
803:
787:
780:
774:
764:
760:
756:
752:
750:
703:
676:
665:
656:
648:
642:
636:
570:
569:
555:
527:
517:
509:
499:
489:
479:
469:
458:
450:
441:Eopteranodon
439:
431:
419:
409:
399:
389:
380:Eopteranodon
378:
367:
358:Afrotapejara
356:
349:Sinopterinae
348:
340:
328:
318:
309:
286:
277:Type species
265:
243:
163:
157:
151:
145:
139:
133:
132:
49:125–85
29:
18:Sinopterinae
7281:Tapejaridae
7275:Wikispecies
7251:Tapejaridae
7041:Thapunngaka
7001:Amblydectes
6920:Anhangueria
6884:Aussiedraco
6618:Boreopterus
6393:Lonchodraco
6326:Lonchodraco
6269:Aussiedraco
6215:Nyctosaurus
6072:Bogolubovia
5740:Bogolubovia
5611:Lacusovagus
5603:Eoazhdarcho
5563:Eoazhdarcho
5522:Leptostomia
5514:Keresdrakon
5389:Caiuajarina
5356:Bakonydraco
5324:Lacusovagus
5316:Keresdrakon
5287:Tapejarinae
5248:Huaxiadraco
5232:Bakonydraco
5191:Tapejaridae
5120:Leptostomia
5112:Lacusovagus
5105:Kariridraco
5051:Keresdrakon
4992:Leptostomia
4984:Keresdrakon
4645:Ctenochasma
4607:Lusognathus
4530:Otogopterus
4185:Lophocratia
4118:Lophocratia
4085:Pangupterus
4021:Sinomacrops
3362:Dorygnathus
3231:Novialoidea
3186:Rhamphinion
3163:Dimorphodon
2838:Caviramidae
2782:Pterosauria
2769:Pterosauria
2732:Pterosauria
2671:Archosauria
2632:Pterosauria
2022:: 567–580.
1471:Tapejarinae
1408:Tapejaridae
1395:Keresdrakon
1101:Tapejarinae
1074:Tapejaridae
814:azhdarchids
806:azhdarchoid
790:azhdarchids
761:Tapejarinae
691:angiosperms
627:Description
571:Tapejaridae
556:Eutapejaria
510:Caiuajarina
460:Bakonydraco
432:Tapejarinae
391:Huaxiadraco
369:Bakonydraco
341:Eutapejaria
266:Tapejaridae
224:Pterosauria
35:Tapejaridae
7364:Categories
7118:Anhanguera
7009:Ferrodraco
6964:Hamipterus
6892:Barbosania
6767:Ferrodraco
6759:Draigwenia
6594:Hamipterus
6573:Barbosania
6518:Nurhachius
6386:Ikrandraco
6361:Draigwenia
6311:Ikrandraco
6276:Serradraco
6222:Volgadraco
6110:Volgadraco
6102:Tethydraco
6095:Pteranodon
5953:see below↓
5847:Cryodrakon
5770:Volgadraco
5762:Tethydraco
5661:Jidapterus
5625:Microtuban
5463:Microtuban
5364:Europejara
5343:Tapejarini
5332:Vectidraco
5269:Sinopterus
4886:Noripterus
4755:see below↓
4679:Gegepterus
4672:Eosipterus
4127:see below↓
4107:Wenupteryx
3998:Cascocauda
3577:see below↓
3005:Yelaphomte
2741:see below↓
2662:Sauropsida
1755:References
1627:Europejara
1613:Tapejarini
1591:Sinopterus
1371:Topology 2
1161:Tapejarini
898:Topology 1
860:Tapejarini
856:Sinopterus
848:Sinopterus
810:cladograms
699:angiosperm
678:Sinopterus
669:frugivores
590:Cretaceous
586:pterosaurs
501:Vectidraco
471:Europejara
451:Tapejarini
411:Sinopterus
230:Suborder:
7069:Aerodraco
6511:Luchibang
6459:Haopterus
6181:Simurghia
6174:Epapatelo
6142:Cretornis
6080:Dawndraco
5806:Azhdarcho
5799:Albadraco
5791:Aerotitan
5711:Alanqidae
5489:Alanqidae
5455:Cretornis
5405:Torukjara
5398:Caiuajara
5135:Tupuxuara
5073:Aerotitan
4977:Inabtanin
4565:Feilongus
3964:Luopterus
3681:Allkaruen
3308:Klobiodon
3148:Allkaruen
2983:Caviramus
2860:Caviramus
2648:Kingdom:
2573:1932-6203
2524:0001-3765
2382:1932-6203
2277:Tupuxuara
1988:129851866
1863:129032233
1828:0891-2963
1794:219099220
1644:Caiuajara
1449:Tupuxuara
826:Tupuxuara
782:Tupuxuara
757:Tupuxuara
704:Assuming
683:Barremian
673:omnivores
647:(B), and
588:from the
529:Torukjara
519:Caiuajara
197:Kingdom:
191:Eukaryota
7295:47449630
7260:Wikidata
7141:Guidraco
7025:Mythunga
7017:Haliskia
6791:Mythunga
6775:Guidraco
6706:Haliskia
6283:Unwindia
5633:Xericeps
5538:Xericeps
5470:Xericeps
5371:Tapejara
5142:Xericeps
5097:Banguela
4870:Banguela
4099:Samrukia
3759:Ceoptera
2656:Chordata
2654:Phylum:
2650:Animalia
2591:34432814
2551:PLOS ONE
2532:31432888
2483:31784545
2400:34432814
2360:PLOS ONE
2341:24768054
2207:90477315
2131:28950013
2091:PLOS ONE
2072:84883165
1922:22802931
1882:PLOS ONE
1814:: 1–22.
1661:Tapejara
864:Tapejara
854:than to
852:Tapejara
844:Tapejara
836:than to
834:Tapejara
822:Tapejara
766:Tapejara
753:Tapejara
573:(from a
547:Synonyms
481:Tapejara
259:Family:
211:Chordata
207:Phylum:
201:Animalia
187:Domain:
7334:4128923
7308:4818529
7266:Q134383
6167:Alcione
5276:Wightia
2660:Class:
2582:8386889
2474:6884559
2451:Bibcode
2420:: 4940
2391:8386889
2233:: 1–14.
2122:5614613
2099:Bibcode
1913:3389002
1890:Bibcode
662:Biology
609:Morocco
605:Hungary
601:England
421:Wightia
299:Genera
217:Order:
7347:156766
7321:117036
5732:Alanqa
5499:Alanqa
5081:Alanqa
3689:Sordes
3556:Sordes
2589:
2579:
2571:
2530:
2522:
2481:
2471:
2398:
2388:
2380:
2339:
2205:
2129:
2119:
2070:
1986:
1920:
1910:
1861:
1826:
1792:
1746:
828:) are
687:Aptian
619:, and
615:, the
597:Brazil
593:period
579:family
162:, and
7316:IRMNG
4830:Piksi
3426:Dearc
2685:Clade
2676:Clade
2667:Clade
2203:S2CID
2068:S2CID
1984:S2CID
1859:S2CID
1790:S2CID
641:(A),
621:China
613:Spain
244:Clade
40:Early
7303:GBIF
2718:see
2587:PMID
2569:ISSN
2528:PMID
2520:ISSN
2479:PMID
2396:PMID
2378:ISSN
2337:PMID
2127:PMID
1918:PMID
1824:ISSN
866:and
824:and
779:and
755:and
575:Tupi
57:PreꞒ
7290:EoL
2577:PMC
2559:doi
2510:doi
2469:PMC
2459:doi
2422:doi
2386:PMC
2368:doi
2327:doi
2291:doi
2195:doi
2117:PMC
2107:doi
2060:doi
2056:130
2024:doi
1976:doi
1945:doi
1908:PMC
1898:doi
1851:doi
1816:doi
1782:doi
1778:113
671:or
653:(C)
581:of
42:to
7366::
7344::
7331::
7318::
7305::
7292::
7277::
7262::
2687::
2678::
2669::
2585:.
2575:.
2567:.
2555:16
2553:.
2549:.
2526:.
2518:.
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