647:
supported an even larger crest of softer, fibrous tissue that extends back along the skull. Tapejarids are also characterized by their large nasoantorbital fenestra, the main opening in the skull in front of the eyes, which spans at least half the length of the entire skull in this family. Their eye sockets were small and pear-shaped. Studies of tapejarid brain cases show that they had extremely good vision, more so than in other pterosaur groups, and probably relied nearly exclusively on vision when hunting or interacting with other members of their species. Tapejarids had unusually reduced shoulder girdles that would have been slung low on the torso, resulting in wings that protruded from near the belly rather than near the back, a "bottom decker" arrangement reminiscent of some planes.
7199:
728:
5966:
4768:
113:
168:
4774:
621:
4151:
5982:
7206:
4156:
3610:
7212:
3618:
867:, all of them within the group Neoazhdarchia. Their cladogram is shown on the left. Later however, a number of studies had begun to favor Kellner's defition of the group, meaning that the members of the Thalassodrominae were reclassified within this group. An example of one of these studies is the one by Kellner and colleagues in 2019. The cladogram on the right shows their
3625:
5974:
711:
821:, and do not form a natural group, but instead represent sequential branches of the tree leading. In light of this discovery, several of the traditional names associated with the group have been re-defined. Martill and Naish proposed a revised definition for Tapejaridae, as all species more closely related to
646:
Tapejarids were small to medium-sized pterosaurs with several unique, shared characteristics, mainly relating to the skull. Most tapejarids possessed a bony crest arising from the snout (formed mostly by the premaxillary bones of the upper jaw tip). In some species, this bony crest is known to have
2401:
Borja
Holgado, Rodrigo V. Pêgas, José Ignacio Canudo, Josep Fortuny, Taissa Rodrigues, Julio Company & Alexander W.A. Kellner, 2019, "On a new crested pterodactyloid from the Early Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula and the radiation of the clade Anhangueria",
801:(family trees). It is also unclear exactly which pterosaurs belong to the Tapejaridae; some researchers have found the thalassodromines and chaoyangopterines to be members of this family, while other studies have found them to be more closely related to the
655:
Tapejarids appear to have been arboreal, having more curved claws than other azhdarchoid pterosaurs and occurring more commonly in fossil sites with other arboreal flying vertebrates such as early birds. Tapejarids have long been speculated as having been
1758:
786:, often found to be closer to azhdarchids, represent a lineage within the Tapejaridae, more closely related to the tapejarines than to the thalassodromines. Felipe Pinheiro and colleagues (2011) reclassified the group as a subfamily of Tapejaridae,
862:
Below are two alternate cladograms: the first, presented by Andres and colleagues in 2014, found the a grouping of tapejarids at the base of the clade, with thalassodromines more closely related to azhdarchids, chaoyangopterids, and
781:
proper than to the tapejarids, and have placed them in their own family (which has sometimes been referred to as
Tupuxuaridae, though Thalassodrominae was named first). At least one study has also found that the
1796:
Pêgas, Rodrigo V. (2024-06-10). "A taxonomic note on the tapejarid pterosaurs from the
Pterosaur Graveyard site (Caiuá Group, ?Early Cretaceous of Southern Brazil): evidence for the presence of two species".
2232:
Lü, J., Unwin, D.M., Xu, L., and Zhang, X. (2008). "A new azhdarchoid pterosaur from the Lower
Cretaceous of China and its implications for pterosaur phylogeny and evolution."
2245:
Martill, D.M., Bechly, G., and Heads, S.W. (2007). "Appendix: species list for the Crato
Formation." In: Martill, D.M., Bechly, G., and Loveridge, R.F. (eds.), 2007.
7304:
7363:
2076:"The toothless pterosaur Jidapterus edentus (Pterodactyloidea: Azhdarchoidea) from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota and its paleoecological implications"
7291:
1865:
Vullo, R.; Marugán-Lobón, J. S.; Kellner, A. W. A.; Buscalioni, A. D.; Gomez, B.; De La Fuente, M.; Moratalla, J. J. (2012). Claessens, Leon (ed.).
2426:
Kellner, Alexander W. A.; Caldwell, Michael W.; Holgado, Borja; Vecchia, Fabio M. Dalla; Nohra, Roy; Sayão, Juliana M.; Currie, Philip J. (2019).
2132:
Meng, X. (2008). "A New
Species of Sinopterus from Jehol Biota and Reconstraction of Stratigraphic Sequence of the Jiufotang Formation". Thesis,
1955:(Pterosauria: Pterodactyloidea) from the Lower Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China with comments on the systematics of tapejarid pterosaurs".
2151:
angiosperm? A preliminary case of study of zoocory
Flaviana J. Lima 1*, Renan A. M. Bantim1,2, Antônio A. F. Saraiva1 & Juliana M. Sayão3
2611:
7368:
7198:
2536:"Osteology of an exceptionally well-preserved tapejarid skeleton from Brazil: Revealing the anatomy of a curious pterodactyloid clade"
2345:"Osteology of an exceptionally well-preserved tapejarid skeleton from Brazil: Revealing the anatomy of a curious pterodactyloid clade"
2534:
Beccari, Victor; Pinheiro, Felipe Lima; Nunes, Ivan; Anelli, Luiz
Eduardo; Mateus, Octávio; Costa, Fabiana Rodrigues (2021-08-25).
2343:
Beccari, Victor; Pinheiro, Felipe Lima; Nunes, Ivan; Anelli, Luiz
Eduardo; Mateus, Octávio; Costa, Fabiana Rodrigues (2021-08-25).
2214:
Kellner, A.W.A.; Campos, D.A. (2007). "Short note on the ingroup relationships of the
Tapejaridae (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea".
1926:"Tapejarine pterosaur from the late Albian Paw Paw Formation of Texas, USA, with extensive feeding traces of multiple scavengers"
809:). Several studies have shown that the "tapejarids" as traditionally thought of (that is, including the classic examples of both
2039:
KELLNER 1989 and the first occurrence of a multiple specimen assemblage from the Santana Formation, Araripe Basin, NE-Brazil".
2487:"A new toothless pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea) from Southern Brazil with insights into the paleoecology of a Cretaceous desert"
2170:
Pêgas, R. V.; Costa, F. R.; Kellner, A. W. A. (2018). "New Information on the osteology and a taxonomic revision of the genus
748:, plus all descendants of their most recent common ancestor. As originally conceived, it was composed of two subfamilies: the
777:
Some studies, such as one by Lü and colleagues in 2008, have found that the thalassodromines are more closely related to the
1867:"A New Crested Pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Spain: The First European Tapejarid (Pterodactyloidea: Azhdarchoidea)"
5965:
4773:
2160:
Mark P. Witton (2013), Pterosaurs: Natural History, Evolution, Anatomy, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-15061-1
4767:
2485:
Kellner, Alexander W. A.; Weinschütz, Luiz C.; Holgado, Borja; Bantim, Renan A. M.; Sayão, Juliana M. (19 August 2019).
1759:"First tapejarid pterosaur from the Wessex Formation (Wealden Group: Lower Cretaceous, Barremian) of the United Kingdom"
7373:
697:
are tapejarids, this clade also included raptorial, macropredatory species adapted to hunt proportionally large prey.
167:
4150:
2604:
2708:
1007:
727:
3609:
7358:
4186:
1187:
638:
135:
4155:
3617:
7231:
7106:
5264:
1244:
1170:
632:
409:
7205:
831:. Andres and colleagues did not follow this proposal, instead formally defining Tapejaridae as the clade
7330:
7211:
2147:
868:
683:
678:
distribution of some tapejarids may even be partially associated with the first radiation phase of the
5981:
7278:
5359:
3798:
3708:
3624:
2597:
2439:
2087:
1925:
1878:
1649:
1261:
754:
626:
469:
276:
141:
120:
Collection of various tapejarid skulls to scale with one another. From left to right, top to bottom:
5973:
6863:
6552:
6239:
5538:
5465:
3233:
2953:
1220:
797:
pterosaurs has historically been unclear, with different studies producing significantly different
129:
123:
6392:
4866:
4709:
3852:
3655:
3642:
3556:
3398:
3029:
3004:
2428:"First complete pterosaur from the Afro-Arabian continent: insight into pterodactyloid diversity"
2191:
2056:
1972:
1847:
1799:
1778:
612:. The most primitive genera were found in China, indicating that the family has an Asian origin.
535:
162:
7335:
664:, based on their parrot-like beaks. Direct evidence for plant-eating is known in a specimen of
112:
7317:
6818:
5633:
5562:
4804:
4791:
4734:
4497:
4395:
4297:
4215:
3993:
3970:
3936:
3866:
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3323:
3275:
3249:
2962:
2867:
2575:
2557:
2516:
2508:
2467:
2384:
2366:
2325:
2115:
1906:
1812:
787:
783:
7322:
7309:
7269:
1830:
Peter Wellnhofer, Eric Buffetaut (1999). "Pterosaur remains from the Cretaceous of Morocco".
7047:
6930:
6922:
6714:
6643:
6568:
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6000:
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5812:
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4908:
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4620:
4602:
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4264:
4080:
4066:
4024:
3530:
3516:
3448:
3127:
2677:
2565:
2547:
2498:
2457:
2447:
2410:
2374:
2356:
2315:
2279:
2183:
2105:
2095:
2048:
2012:
1964:
1933:
1896:
1886:
1839:
1804:
1770:
1406:
1076:
1049:
966:
864:
759:
694:
581:
567:
225:
153:
28:
1995:
Pinheiro, F.L.; Fortier, D.C.; Schultz, C.L.; De Andrade, J.A.F.G.; Bantim, R.A.M. (2011).
7136:
6979:
6828:
6613:
6517:
6492:
6485:
6472:
6405:
6291:
6189:
6155:
6051:
6031:
5885:
5743:
5684:
5671:
5642:
5518:
5429:
5288:
5161:
5116:
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4722:
4383:
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4311:
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4239:
4232:
4224:
3979:
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3789:
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3158:
3098:
3017:
2986:
2876:
2855:
2808:
2693:
2668:
1497:
1420:
764:
733:
Hind leg of an indeterminate tapejarid, with preserved foot pads, scales, and claw sheaths
318:
32:
2443:
2091:
1882:
7113:
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6888:
6802:
6787:
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6282:
6196:
6142:
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5828:
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5250:
5142:
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5018:
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4924:
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4571:
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4412:
4351:
4320:
3920:
3896:
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3820:
3778:
3722:
3690:
3371:
3288:
3265:
3144:
3070:
3038:
2891:
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2788:
2570:
2535:
2462:
2427:
2379:
2344:
2110:
2075:
1968:
1901:
1866:
1369:
921:
827:
620:
571:
389:
241:
7352:
7150:
7121:
7097:
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7036:
7021:
6970:
6959:
6852:
6844:
6794:
6731:
6702:
6686:
6670:
6656:
6597:
6575:
6526:
6419:
6180:
6123:
6042:
5877:
5849:
5821:
5692:
5575:
5366:
5296:
5168:
5151:
5007:
4944:
4888:
4653:
4609:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4469:
4454:
4404:
4328:
4285:
4278:
4204:
4051:
4044:
4037:
3886:
3828:
3813:
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3754:
3537:
3206:
3166:
3116:
3085:
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2911:
2815:
2799:
2284:
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1976:
1851:
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1473:
909:
896:
806:
794:
605:
563:
479:
308:
70:
2195:
2060:
1951:
Lü, J.; Jin, X.; Unwin, D.M.; Zhao, L.; Azuma, Y.; Ji, Q. (2006). "A new species of
7143:
7071:
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6837:
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6723:
6533:
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5842:
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4831:
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4059:
4001:
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3909:
3734:
3465:
3457:
3437:
3364:
3343:
3336:
3191:
2979:
2925:
2884:
1562:
1545:
1528:
1127:
1110:
935:
818:
802:
778:
429:
368:
346:
265:
2503:
2486:
2187:
1937:
1808:
1774:
740:
Tapejaridae was defined by Alexander Kellner in 1989 as the clade containing both
2552:
2361:
2100:
1891:
7263:
7029:
6989:
6908:
6872:
6606:
6381:
6314:
6257:
6203:
6060:
5728:
5599:
5591:
5551:
5510:
5502:
5377:
5344:
5312:
5304:
5275:
5236:
5220:
5108:
5100:
5093:
5039:
4980:
4972:
4633:
4595:
4518:
4173:
4106:
4073:
4009:
3350:
3219:
3174:
3151:
2826:
1383:
679:
448:
379:
357:
147:
45:
2452:
2414:
6997:
6952:
6880:
6755:
6747:
6582:
6561:
6506:
6374:
6349:
6299:
6264:
6210:
6098:
6090:
6083:
5835:
5758:
5750:
5649:
5613:
5451:
5352:
5331:
5320:
5257:
4874:
4667:
4660:
4095:
3986:
2993:
2650:
2320:
2303:
2052:
1615:
1579:
990:
687:
666:
578:
574:
489:
459:
399:
90:
55:
7254:
2561:
2512:
2370:
1816:
7057:
6499:
6447:
6169:
6162:
6130:
6068:
5794:
5787:
5779:
5699:
5477:
5443:
5393:
5386:
5123:
5061:
4965:
4553:
3952:
3669:
3296:
3136:
2971:
2848:
2770:
2757:
2720:
2659:
2620:
1632:
1437:
798:
770:
671:
657:
517:
507:
212:
179:
95:
39:
2579:
2520:
2471:
2388:
2329:
2119:
1910:
2017:
1996:
1757:
David M. Martill; Mick Green; Roy Smith; Megan Jacobs; John Winch (2020).
7248:
7129:
7013:
7005:
6779:
6763:
6694:
6271:
5621:
5526:
5458:
5130:
5085:
4858:
4087:
3747:
2644:
871:. In 2021 a new study focus on the most complete Tapejaridae, a skeleton
716:
661:
199:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
7296:
1843:
710:
624:
Reconstructed profiles of three Brazilian species; from top to bottom,
597:
593:
589:
100:
75:
5720:
5487:
5069:
3677:
3544:
2638:
675:
585:
189:
7225:
4818:
3414:
2001:, with comments on the relationships of Tapejaridae (Pterosauria)"
793:
The exact relationships of tapejarids to one another and to other
619:
609:
601:
7283:
839:. They also re-defined the Tapejarinae as all species closer to
7229:
5998:
4789:
4171:
3640:
2755:
2631:
2593:
2589:
2247:
The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: Window into an Ancient World.
2035:
Eck, K.; Elgin, R.A.; Frey, E. (2011). "On the osteology of
881:
851:, to include all descendants of the last common ancestor of
16:
Family of azhdarchoid pterosaurs from the Cretaceous period
2304:"The Earliest Pterodactyloid and the Origin of the Group"
2264:"Cranial crest development in the azhdarchoid pterosaur
2257:
2255:
1924:
Mull, Olivia K.; Bennett, S. Christopher (2023-07-31).
2268:, with a review of the genus and tapejarid monophyly"
2174:(Pterodactyloidea, Tapejaridae, Thalassodrominae)".
513:
503:
495:
485:
475:
465:
455:
444:
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425:
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405:
395:
385:
375:
364:
353:
342:
334:
326:
314:
304:
295:
272:
7238:
7096:
7046:
6978:
6969:
6941:
6906:
6862:
6827:
6817:
6713:
6642:
6627:
6596:
6551:
6516:
6471:
6437:
6391:
6364:
6337:
6281:
6237:
6179:
6141:
6109:
6050:
6041:
6011:
5931:
5811:
5769:
5710:
5670:
5632:
5561:
5537:
5476:
5427:
5376:
5330:
5274:
5202:
5178:
5150:
5141:
5050:
5016:
5005:
4942:
4907:
4844:
4829:
4802:
4733:
4708:
4643:
4619:
4570:
4542:
4438:
4394:
4362:
4310:
4295:
4262:
4214:
4184:
4105:
4023:
3969:
3919:
3895:
3884:
3850:
3788:
3764:
3733:
3688:
3653:
3555:
3505:
3495:
3447:
3397:
3388:
3322:
3274:
3263:
3232:
3217:
3189:
3126:
3096:
3068:
3028:
3003:
2961:
2952:
2909:
2866:
2825:
2798:
2768:
2719:
2692:
2249:
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Pp. 582–607.
2074:Wu, Wen-Hao; Zhou, Chang-Fu; Andres, Brian (2017).
1990:
1988:
1986:
670:that preserves seeds in the abdominal cavity. The
2145:Could Tapejarid Pterosaurs be the dispersers of
2297:
2295:
2605:
2030:
2028:
8:
566:word meaning "the lord of the ways") are a
7226:
6975:
6914:
6824:
6648:
6639:
6635:
6593:
6589:
6477:
6397:
6361:
6357:
6249:
6245:
6147:
6115:
6047:
6023:
6019:
6008:
5995:
5928:
5766:
5707:
5676:
5567:
5543:
5435:
5336:
5280:
5199:
5184:
5147:
5024:
5013:
4950:
4850:
4841:
4837:
4810:
4799:
4786:
4714:
4705:
4625:
4446:
4368:
4307:
4303:
4270:
4196:
4192:
4181:
4168:
4029:
3901:
3892:
3858:
3770:
3739:
3700:
3696:
3661:
3650:
3637:
3502:
3394:
3328:
3280:
3271:
3229:
3225:
3198:
3108:
3104:
3077:
3009:
2958:
2917:
2832:
2780:
2776:
2765:
2752:
2698:
2689:
2628:
2612:
2598:
2590:
111:
20:
2569:
2551:
2502:
2461:
2451:
2378:
2360:
2319:
2283:
2109:
2099:
2016:
1900:
1890:
2491:Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
2209:
2207:
2205:
1749:
2302:Andres, B.; Clark, J.; Xu, X. (2014).
719:of various members of the Tapejaridae
7:
1607:
1520:
1513:
1489:
1465:
1412:
1402:
1375:
1365:
1236:
1212:
1162:
1155:
1102:
1095:
1068:
1041:
982:
958:
951:
927:
902:
892:
584:. Members are currently known from
7364:Early Cretaceous first appearances
2176:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1969:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2006.tb00251.x
14:
2262:Martill, D.M.; Naish, D. (2006).
1362:: Kellner and colleagues (2019).
758:and its close relatives, and the
7210:
7204:
7197:
5980:
5972:
5964:
4772:
4766:
4154:
4149:
3623:
3616:
3608:
2285:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00575.x
889:: Andres and colleagues (2014).
726:
709:
166:
2041:Swiss Journal of Palaeontology
875:, confirmed the 2019 topology
686:which represents a more basal
1:
2504:10.1590/0001-3765201920190768
2188:10.1080/02724634.2018.1443273
2005:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
1938:10.1080/08912963.2023.2241044
1809:10.1080/08912963.2024.2355664
1775:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104487
2553:10.1371/journal.pone.0254789
2362:10.1371/journal.pone.0254789
2101:10.1371/journal.pone.0185486
1892:10.1371/journal.pone.0038900
1832:Paläontologische Zeitschrift
7369:Late Cretaceous extinctions
2134:Chinese Academy of Sciences
7390:
2453:10.1038/s41598-019-54042-z
2415:10.1038/s41598-019-41280-4
682:, especially of the genus
7194:
6917:
6651:
6638:
6592:
6480:
6400:
6360:
6252:
6248:
6150:
6118:
6026:
6022:
6007:
5994:
5961:
5927:
5679:
5570:
5546:
5438:
5339:
5283:
5187:
5027:
4953:
4853:
4840:
4813:
4798:
4785:
4763:
4717:
4704:
4628:
4449:
4371:
4306:
4273:
4199:
4195:
4180:
4167:
4147:
4032:
3904:
3861:
3773:
3742:
3703:
3699:
3664:
3649:
3636:
3605:
3331:
3283:
3228:
3201:
3111:
3107:
3080:
3012:
2920:
2835:
2783:
2779:
2764:
2751:
2701:
2688:
2627:
2321:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.030
2216:Boletim do Museu Nacional
2053:10.1007/s13358-011-0024-5
1663:
1646:
1629:
1612:
1605:
1576:
1563:"Huaxiapterus" corollatus
1559:
1546:"Huaxiapterus" benxiensis
1542:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1494:
1487:
1470:
1463:
1434:
1417:
1410:
1400:
1380:
1373:
1258:
1241:
1234:
1217:
1210:
1184:
1167:
1160:
1153:
1128:"Huaxiapterus" corollatus
1124:
1111:"Huaxiapterus" benxiensis
1107:
1100:
1093:
1073:
1066:
1046:
1039:
1004:
987:
980:
963:
956:
949:
932:
925:
907:
900:
847:, and added a new clade,
541:
534:
292:
287:
271:
264:
163:Scientific classification
161:
119:
110:
23:
1008:Nemicolopterus crypticus
4187:Archaeopterodactyloidea
1999:Tupandactylus imperator
1188:Tupandactylus imperator
639:Tupandactylus imperator
136:Tupandactylus imperator
2497:(suppl 2): e20190768.
1245:Europejara olcadesorum
1171:Tupandactylus navigans
873:Tupandactylus navigans
643:
633:Tupandactylus navigans
148:Huaxiadraco corollatus
7331:Paleobiology Database
2018:10.4202/app.2010.0057
1957:Acta Geologica Sinica
869:phylogenetic analysis
623:
3799:Archaeoistiodactylus
3709:Archaeoistiodactylus
2037:Tapejara wellnhoferi
1997:"New information on
1262:Tapejara wellnhoferi
627:Tapejara wellnhoferi
550:(Pêgas et al., 2023)
277:Tapejara wellnhoferi
142:Tapejara wellnhoferi
6864:Targaryendraconidae
6553:Ornithocheiriformes
6240:Ornithocheiromorpha
5539:Neopterodactyloidea
5466:Dsungaripteromorpha
3234:Campylognathoididae
2954:Eudimorphodontoidea
2444:2019NatSR...917875K
2234:Naturwissenschaften
2092:2017PLoSO..1285486W
1883:2012PLoSO...738900V
1763:Cretaceous Research
1221:Bakonydraco galaczi
790:, for this reason.
130:Caiuajara dobruskii
124:Torukjara bandeirae
7374:Pterosaur families
6393:Istiodactyliformes
4867:Lonchognathosaurus
4710:Eupterodactyloidea
3853:Pterodactyliformes
3656:Pterodactylomorpha
3643:Pterodactylomorpha
3557:Pterodactylomorpha
3399:Angustinaripterini
3030:Eudimorphodontinae
3005:Eudimorphodontidae
2432:Scientific Reports
2404:Scientific Reports
2148:Klitzschophyllites
1930:Historical Biology
1844:10.1007/BF02987987
1800:Historical Biology
1769:: Article 104487.
684:Klitzschophyllites
644:
7346:
7345:
7318:Open Tree of Life
7232:Taxon identifiers
7223:
7222:
7219:
7218:
7192:
7191:
7188:
7187:
7184:
7183:
7180:
7179:
7176:
7175:
7172:
7171:
7168:
7167:
7164:
7163:
7160:
7159:
6902:
6901:
6898:
6897:
6819:Targaryendraconia
6813:
6812:
6623:
6622:
6547:
6546:
6543:
6542:
6333:
6332:
6233:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6225:
6224:
6221:
6220:
5990:
5989:
5959:
5958:
5955:
5954:
5951:
5950:
5923:
5922:
5919:
5918:
5915:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5907:
5906:
5903:
5902:
5899:
5898:
5895:
5894:
5666:
5665:
5634:Chaoyangopterinae
5563:Chaoyangopteridae
5423:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5415:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5407:
5406:
5403:
5402:
4938:
4937:
4934:
4933:
4805:Ornithocheiroidea
4792:Ornithocheiroidea
4781:
4780:
4761:
4760:
4757:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4735:Ornithocheiroidea
4700:
4699:
4696:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4498:Gladocephaloideus
4434:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4396:Aurorazhdarchidae
4298:Ctenochasmatoidea
4258:
4257:
4216:Germanodactylidae
4163:
4162:
4145:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4019:
4018:
3994:Dendrorhynchoides
3971:Batrachognathinae
3937:Dendrorhynchoides
3867:Changchengopterus
3846:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3632:
3631:
3603:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3491:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3408:Angustinaripterus
3324:Rhamphorhynchinae
3276:Rhamphorhynchidae
3259:
3258:
3250:Campylognathoides
3185:
3184:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3055:
2963:Raeticodactylidae
2905:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2868:Austriadraconidae
2747:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2739:
2738:
1740:
1739:
1732:
1731:
1723:
1722:
1714:
1713:
1705:
1704:
1696:
1695:
1687:
1686:
1678:
1677:
1591:
1590:
1449:
1448:
1354:
1353:
1345:
1344:
1336:
1335:
1327:
1326:
1318:
1317:
1309:
1308:
1300:
1299:
1291:
1290:
1282:
1281:
1273:
1272:
1199:
1198:
1139:
1138:
1028:
1027:
1019:
1018:
788:Chaoyangopterinae
784:Chaoyangopteridae
717:Life restorations
557:
556:
260:
7381:
7339:
7338:
7326:
7325:
7313:
7312:
7300:
7299:
7287:
7286:
7274:
7273:
7272:
7259:
7258:
7257:
7227:
7214:
7208:
7202:
7201:
7048:Coloborhynchinae
6976:
6931:Ornithocheiridae
6923:Brasileodactylus
6915:
6825:
6715:Ornithocheirinae
6649:
6644:Ornithocheiridae
6640:
6636:
6594:
6590:
6569:Brasileodactylus
6478:
6398:
6366:Lonchodraconidae
6362:
6358:
6250:
6246:
6148:
6116:
6111:Nyctosauromorpha
6048:
6024:
6020:
6014:Pteranodontoidea
6009:
6001:Pteranodontoidea
5996:
5985:
5984:
5977:
5976:
5969:
5968:
5933:Pteranodontoidea
5929:
5813:Quetzalcoatlinae
5802:Mistralazhdarcho
5767:
5708:
5677:
5568:
5544:
5436:
5337:
5281:
5200:
5185:
5148:
5052:Thalassodromidae
5025:
5014:
4951:
4909:Dsungaripterinae
4851:
4846:Dsungaripteridae
4842:
4838:
4811:
4800:
4787:
4776:
4771:
4770:
4715:
4706:
4626:
4621:Ctenochasmatinae
4603:Plataleorhynchus
4447:
4441:Ctenochasmatidae
4369:
4308:
4304:
4271:
4265:Euctenochasmatia
4197:
4193:
4182:
4169:
4158:
4153:
4081:Propterodactylus
4067:Ningchengopterus
4030:
4025:Pterodactyloidea
3902:
3893:
3859:
3771:
3740:
3701:
3697:
3662:
3651:
3638:
3627:
3621:
3620:
3613:
3612:
3531:Jianchangopterus
3517:Fenghuangopterus
3503:
3449:Rhamphorhynchini
3395:
3329:
3281:
3272:
3230:
3226:
3199:
3128:Dimorphodontidae
3109:
3105:
3078:
3010:
2959:
2918:
2833:
2781:
2777:
2766:
2753:
2699:
2690:
2683:
2682:
2678:Pterosauromorpha
2629:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2591:
2584:
2583:
2573:
2555:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2506:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2465:
2455:
2423:
2417:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2382:
2364:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2323:
2299:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2259:
2250:
2243:
2237:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2211:
2200:
2199:
2167:
2161:
2158:
2152:
2143:
2137:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2113:
2103:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2032:
2023:
2022:
2020:
1992:
1981:
1980:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1904:
1894:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1838:(1–2): 133–142.
1827:
1821:
1820:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1754:
1608:
1521:
1514:
1490:
1466:
1413:
1407:Thalassodrominae
1403:
1376:
1366:
1237:
1213:
1163:
1156:
1103:
1096:
1077:Sinopterus dongi
1069:
1050:Huaxiapterus jii
1042:
991:"Sinopterus" gui
983:
967:Eopteranodon lii
959:
952:
928:
903:
893:
882:
762:, consisting of
760:Thalassodrominae
752:, consisting of
730:
713:
695:thalassodromines
551:
515:
505:
497:
487:
477:
467:
457:
446:
438:
427:
419:
407:
397:
387:
377:
366:
355:
344:
336:
328:
316:
306:
297:
274:
258:
253:
240:
226:Pterodactyloidea
224:
211:
171:
170:
154:Sinopterus dongi
115:
105:
42:
27:Temporal range:
21:
7389:
7388:
7384:
7383:
7382:
7380:
7379:
7378:
7349:
7348:
7347:
7342:
7334:
7329:
7321:
7316:
7308:
7303:
7295:
7290:
7282:
7277:
7268:
7267:
7262:
7253:
7252:
7247:
7234:
7224:
7215:
7196:
7156:
7137:Liaoningopterus
7092:
7042:
6980:Tropeognathinae
6965:
6937:
6911:
6894:
6858:
6829:Cimoliopteridae
6809:
6709:
6632:
6619:
6614:Zhenyuanopterus
6588:
6539:
6518:Istiodactylinae
6512:
6493:Longchengpterus
6486:Lingyuanopterus
6473:Istiodactylidae
6467:
6433:
6406:Hongshanopterus
6387:
6356:
6342:
6329:
6292:Hongshanopterus
6277:
6242:
6217:
6190:Barbaridactylus
6175:
6137:
6105:
6052:Pteranodontidae
6037:
6032:Santanadactylus
6016:
6003:
5986:
5979:
5971:
5963:
5947:
5891:
5886:Zhejiangopterus
5807:
5765:
5744:Palaeocursornis
5706:
5685:Montanazhdarcho
5672:Azhdarchiformes
5662:
5643:Chaoyangopterus
5628:
5557:
5533:
5519:Montanazhdarcho
5472:
5432:
5430:Azhdarchomorpha
5399:
5372:
5326:
5289:Aymberedactylus
5270:
5198:
5174:
5162:Aymberedactylus
5137:
5117:Thalassodromeus
5046:
5021:
5010:
5001:
4989:Montanazhdarcho
4947:
4930:
4918:Domeykodactylus
4903:
4897:Tendaguripterus
4834:
4825:
4807:
4794:
4777:
4765:
4749:
4729:
4723:Altmuehlopterus
4680:
4639:
4615:
4566:
4538:
4443:
4426:
4390:
4384:Gallodactylidae
4364:Aurorazhdarchia
4358:
4336:Normannognathus
4312:Gallodactylidae
4300:
4291:
4267:
4254:
4248:Tendaguripterus
4240:Normannognathus
4233:Germanodactylus
4225:Altmuehlopterus
4210:
4189:
4176:
4159:
4121:
4101:
4015:
3980:Batrachognathus
3965:
3960:Vesperopterylus
3915:
3889:
3880:
3855:
3834:
3790:Wukongopterinae
3784:
3766:Wukongopteridae
3760:
3729:
3716:Normannognathus
3693:
3684:
3658:
3645:
3628:
3615:
3607:
3571:
3551:
3524:Jianchangnathus
3507:Scaphognathidae
3497:Digibrevisauria
3479:
3474:Rhamphorhynchus
3443:
3430:Qinglongopterus
3422:Harpactognathus
3390:Rhamphorhynchae
3384:
3379:Qinglongopterus
3358:Harpactognathus
3318:
3312:Scaphognathinae
3304:Parapsicephalus
3268:
3255:
3243:Bergamodactylus
3222:
3213:
3195:
3181:
3159:Parapsicephalus
3122:
3101:
3099:Macronychoptera
3092:
3074:
3052:
3024:
3018:Arcticodactylus
2999:
2987:Raeticodactylus
2948:
2914:
2897:
2877:Arcticodactylus
2862:
2856:Raeticodactylus
2821:
2809:Austriadactylus
2794:
2773:
2760:
2735:
2715:
2709:Avemetatarsalia
2694:Avemetatarsalia
2684:
2669:Avemetatarsalia
2634:
2633:
2623:
2618:
2588:
2587:
2546:(8): e0254789.
2533:
2532:
2528:
2484:
2483:
2479:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2400:
2396:
2355:(8): e0254789.
2342:
2341:
2337:
2308:Current Biology
2301:
2300:
2293:
2261:
2260:
2253:
2244:
2240:
2231:
2227:
2213:
2212:
2203:
2182:(2): e1443273.
2172:Thalassodromeus
2169:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2144:
2140:
2131:
2127:
2086:(9): e0185486.
2073:
2072:
2068:
2034:
2033:
2026:
1994:
1993:
1984:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1592:
1498:Aymberedactylus
1450:
1421:Thalassodromeus
1355:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1310:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1274:
1200:
1140:
1029:
1020:
865:dsungaripterids
765:Thalassodromeus
738:
737:
736:
735:
734:
731:
722:
721:
720:
714:
703:
653:
618:
549:
548:
319:Aymberedactylus
283:
280:
257:
251:
238:
222:
209:
165:
106:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
37:
36:
33:Late Cretaceous
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7387:
7385:
7377:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7359:Tapejaromorphs
7351:
7350:
7344:
7343:
7341:
7340:
7327:
7314:
7301:
7288:
7275:
7260:
7244:
7242:
7236:
7235:
7230:
7221:
7220:
7217:
7216:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7189:
7186:
7185:
7182:
7181:
7178:
7177:
7174:
7173:
7170:
7169:
7166:
7165:
7162:
7161:
7158:
7157:
7155:
7154:
7147:
7140:
7133:
7126:
7118:
7114:Caulkicephalus
7110:
7102:
7100:
7094:
7093:
7091:
7090:
7087:Uktenadactylus
7083:
7075:
7068:
7065:Coloborhynchus
7061:
7053:
7051:
7044:
7043:
7041:
7040:
7033:
7026:
7018:
7010:
7002:
6994:
6985:
6983:
6973:
6967:
6966:
6964:
6963:
6956:
6948:
6946:
6939:
6938:
6936:
6935:
6927:
6918:
6912:
6907:
6904:
6903:
6900:
6899:
6896:
6895:
6893:
6892:
6889:Targaryendraco
6885:
6877:
6868:
6866:
6860:
6859:
6857:
6856:
6849:
6841:
6833:
6831:
6822:
6815:
6814:
6811:
6810:
6808:
6807:
6803:Uktenadactylus
6799:
6791:
6788:Ornithocheirus
6784:
6776:
6768:
6760:
6752:
6744:
6740:Coloborhynchus
6736:
6728:
6719:
6717:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6707:
6699:
6691:
6683:
6679:Caulkicephalus
6675:
6667:
6664:Arthurdactylus
6660:
6652:
6646:
6633:
6630:Ornithocheirae
6628:
6625:
6624:
6621:
6620:
6618:
6617:
6610:
6602:
6600:
6587:
6586:
6579:
6572:
6565:
6557:
6555:
6549:
6548:
6545:
6544:
6541:
6540:
6538:
6537:
6530:
6522:
6520:
6514:
6513:
6511:
6510:
6503:
6496:
6489:
6481:
6475:
6469:
6468:
6466:
6465:
6458:
6455:Linlongopterus
6451:
6443:
6441:
6439:Mimodactylidae
6435:
6434:
6432:
6431:
6427:Lonchodectidae
6423:
6416:
6413:Linlongopterus
6409:
6401:
6395:
6389:
6388:
6386:
6385:
6378:
6370:
6368:
6355:
6354:
6345:
6343:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6327:
6323:Targaryendraco
6319:
6311:
6304:
6296:
6287:
6285:
6283:Lonchodectidae
6279:
6278:
6276:
6275:
6268:
6261:
6253:
6243:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6231:
6230:
6227:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6215:
6207:
6200:
6197:Muzquizopteryx
6193:
6185:
6183:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6173:
6166:
6159:
6151:
6145:
6143:Aponyctosauria
6139:
6138:
6136:
6135:
6127:
6119:
6113:
6107:
6106:
6104:
6103:
6095:
6087:
6080:
6072:
6065:
6056:
6054:
6045:
6039:
6038:
6036:
6035:
6027:
6017:
6012:
6005:
6004:
5999:
5992:
5991:
5988:
5987:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5956:
5953:
5952:
5949:
5948:
5946:
5945:
5944:
5943:
5937:
5935:
5925:
5924:
5921:
5920:
5917:
5916:
5913:
5912:
5909:
5908:
5905:
5904:
5901:
5900:
5897:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5890:
5889:
5882:
5874:
5871:Thanatosdrakon
5867:
5864:Quetzalcoatlus
5860:
5857:Phosphatodraco
5853:
5846:
5839:
5832:
5829:Arambourgiania
5825:
5817:
5815:
5809:
5808:
5806:
5805:
5798:
5791:
5784:
5775:
5773:
5764:
5763:
5755:
5747:
5740:
5736:Navajodactylus
5732:
5725:
5716:
5714:
5705:
5704:
5696:
5689:
5680:
5674:
5668:
5667:
5664:
5663:
5661:
5660:
5657:Shenzhoupterus
5653:
5646:
5638:
5636:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5626:
5618:
5610:
5603:
5596:
5588:
5584:Argentinadraco
5580:
5571:
5565:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5555:
5547:
5541:
5535:
5534:
5532:
5531:
5523:
5515:
5507:
5499:
5495:Argentinadraco
5491:
5483:
5481:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5462:
5455:
5448:
5439:
5433:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5417:
5416:
5413:
5412:
5409:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5397:
5390:
5382:
5380:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5370:
5363:
5356:
5349:
5340:
5334:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5324:
5317:
5309:
5301:
5293:
5284:
5278:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5261:
5254:
5251:Nemicolopterus
5247:
5240:
5233:
5225:
5217:
5208:
5206:
5197:
5196:
5188:
5182:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5172:
5165:
5157:
5155:
5145:
5143:Tapejariformes
5139:
5138:
5136:
5135:
5127:
5120:
5113:
5105:
5097:
5090:
5082:
5078:Argentinadraco
5074:
5066:
5057:
5055:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5044:
5036:
5028:
5022:
5019:Tapejaromorpha
5017:
5011:
5006:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4999:
4992:
4985:
4977:
4969:
4962:
4959:Argentinadraco
4954:
4948:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4936:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4928:
4925:Dsungaripterus
4921:
4913:
4911:
4905:
4904:
4902:
4901:
4893:
4885:
4878:
4871:
4863:
4854:
4848:
4835:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4823:
4814:
4808:
4803:
4796:
4795:
4790:
4783:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4739:
4737:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4727:
4718:
4712:
4702:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4694:
4693:
4690:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4679:
4678:
4671:
4664:
4657:
4649:
4647:
4645:Pterodaustrini
4641:
4640:
4638:
4637:
4629:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4606:
4599:
4592:
4584:
4576:
4574:
4572:Gnathosaurinae
4568:
4567:
4565:
4564:
4557:
4549:
4547:
4544:Moganopterinae
4540:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4529:
4522:
4515:
4508:
4501:
4494:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4463:Balaenognathus
4459:
4450:
4444:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4416:
4413:Aurorazhdarcho
4409:
4400:
4398:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4380:
4372:
4366:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4352:Moganopterinae
4348:
4340:
4332:
4325:
4321:Aurorazhdarcho
4316:
4314:
4301:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4282:
4274:
4268:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4252:
4244:
4236:
4229:
4220:
4218:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4208:
4200:
4190:
4185:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4165:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4111:
4109:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4092:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4048:
4041:
4033:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4006:
3998:
3990:
3983:
3975:
3973:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3941:
3933:
3925:
3923:
3921:Anurognathinae
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3905:
3899:
3897:Anurognathidae
3890:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3875:Douzhanopterus
3871:
3862:
3856:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3832:
3825:
3821:Douzhanopterus
3817:
3810:
3803:
3794:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3779:Kunpengopterus
3774:
3768:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3751:
3743:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3723:Anurognathidae
3719:
3712:
3704:
3694:
3691:Monofenestrata
3689:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3674:
3665:
3659:
3654:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3634:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3561:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3512:
3510:
3500:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3481:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3470:
3462:
3453:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3434:
3426:
3418:
3411:
3403:
3401:
3392:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3382:
3375:
3372:Orientognathus
3368:
3361:
3354:
3347:
3340:
3332:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3308:
3300:
3293:
3289:Dolicorhamphus
3284:
3278:
3269:
3266:Breviquartossa
3264:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3246:
3238:
3236:
3223:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3202:
3196:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3171:
3163:
3155:
3148:
3145:Caelestiventus
3141:
3132:
3130:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3112:
3102:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3081:
3075:
3071:Zambellisauria
3069:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3043:
3039:Carniadactylus
3034:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3013:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2976:
2967:
2965:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2938:
2930:
2921:
2915:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2892:Seazzadactylus
2888:
2881:
2872:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2852:
2845:
2841:Carniadactylus
2836:
2830:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2812:
2804:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2789:Daohugoupterus
2784:
2774:
2769:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2702:
2696:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2671:
2662:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2632:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2594:
2586:
2585:
2526:
2477:
2418:
2394:
2335:
2291:
2278:(4): 925–941.
2251:
2238:
2225:
2201:
2162:
2153:
2138:
2125:
2066:
2047:(2): 277–296.
2024:
1982:
1963:(3): 315–326.
1943:
1916:
1857:
1822:
1788:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1524:
1519:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1493:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1416:
1411:
1409:
1401:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1370:Tapejaromorpha
1364:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1154:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1072:
1067:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1045:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1003:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
986:
981:
979:
976:
975:
972:
971:
962:
957:
955:
950:
948:
945:
944:
941:
940:
931:
926:
924:
922:Tapejaromorpha
918:
917:
914:
913:
906:
901:
899:
891:
880:
828:Quetzalcoatlus
805:(in the clade
732:
725:
724:
723:
715:
708:
707:
706:
705:
704:
702:
701:Classification
699:
652:
649:
617:
614:
572:pterodactyloid
555:
554:
553:
552:
539:
538:
532:
531:
530:
529:
528:
527:
526:
525:
524:
523:
522:
521:
511:
493:
483:
473:
463:
453:
434:
415:
414:
413:
403:
393:
390:Nemicolopterus
383:
373:
362:
351:
324:
323:
322:
312:
290:
289:
285:
284:
281:
269:
268:
262:
261:
249:
245:
244:
242:Tapejaromorpha
236:
229:
228:
220:
216:
215:
207:
203:
202:
197:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
159:
158:
117:
116:
108:
107:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
43:
26:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7386:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7356:
7354:
7337:
7332:
7328:
7324:
7319:
7315:
7311:
7306:
7302:
7298:
7293:
7289:
7285:
7280:
7276:
7271:
7265:
7261:
7256:
7250:
7246:
7245:
7243:
7241:
7237:
7233:
7228:
7213:
7209:
7207:
7200:
7153:
7152:
7151:Maaradactylus
7148:
7146:
7145:
7141:
7139:
7138:
7134:
7132:
7131:
7127:
7124:
7123:
7122:Cearadactylus
7119:
7116:
7115:
7111:
7109:
7108:
7104:
7103:
7101:
7099:
7098:Anhanguerinae
7095:
7089:
7088:
7084:
7081:
7080:
7079:Siroccopteryx
7076:
7074:
7073:
7069:
7067:
7066:
7062:
7060:
7059:
7055:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7045:
7039:
7038:
7037:Tropeognathus
7034:
7032:
7031:
7027:
7024:
7023:
7022:Siroccopteryx
7019:
7016:
7015:
7011:
7008:
7007:
7003:
7000:
6999:
6995:
6992:
6991:
6987:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6971:Anhangueridae
6968:
6962:
6961:
6960:Iberodactylus
6957:
6955:
6954:
6950:
6949:
6947:
6944:
6940:
6933:
6932:
6928:
6925:
6924:
6920:
6919:
6916:
6913:
6910:
6905:
6891:
6890:
6886:
6883:
6882:
6878:
6875:
6874:
6870:
6869:
6867:
6865:
6861:
6855:
6854:
6853:Cimoliopterus
6850:
6847:
6846:
6845:Camposipterus
6842:
6840:
6839:
6835:
6834:
6832:
6830:
6826:
6823:
6820:
6816:
6805:
6804:
6800:
6797:
6796:
6795:Siroccopteryx
6792:
6790:
6789:
6785:
6782:
6781:
6777:
6774:
6773:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6761:
6758:
6757:
6753:
6750:
6749:
6745:
6742:
6741:
6737:
6734:
6733:
6732:Camposipterus
6729:
6726:
6725:
6721:
6720:
6718:
6716:
6712:
6705:
6704:
6703:Tropeognathus
6700:
6697:
6696:
6692:
6689:
6688:
6687:Cimoliopterus
6684:
6681:
6680:
6676:
6673:
6672:
6671:Camposipterus
6668:
6666:
6665:
6661:
6659:
6658:
6657:Araripesaurus
6654:
6653:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6641:
6637:
6634:
6631:
6626:
6616:
6615:
6611:
6609:
6608:
6604:
6603:
6601:
6599:
6598:Boreopteridae
6595:
6591:
6585:
6584:
6580:
6578:
6577:
6576:Cearadactylus
6573:
6571:
6570:
6566:
6564:
6563:
6559:
6558:
6556:
6554:
6550:
6536:
6535:
6531:
6529:
6528:
6527:Istiodactylus
6524:
6523:
6521:
6519:
6515:
6509:
6508:
6504:
6502:
6501:
6497:
6495:
6494:
6490:
6488:
6487:
6483:
6482:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6470:
6464:
6463:
6459:
6457:
6456:
6452:
6450:
6449:
6445:
6444:
6442:
6440:
6436:
6429:
6428:
6424:
6422:
6421:
6420:Yixianopterus
6417:
6415:
6414:
6410:
6408:
6407:
6403:
6402:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6390:
6384:
6383:
6379:
6377:
6376:
6372:
6371:
6369:
6367:
6363:
6359:
6352:
6351:
6347:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6336:
6325:
6324:
6320:
6317:
6316:
6312:
6310:
6309:
6305:
6302:
6301:
6297:
6294:
6293:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6284:
6280:
6274:
6273:
6269:
6267:
6266:
6262:
6260:
6259:
6255:
6254:
6251:
6247:
6244:
6241:
6236:
6213:
6212:
6208:
6206:
6205:
6201:
6199:
6198:
6194:
6192:
6191:
6187:
6186:
6184:
6182:
6181:Nyctosauridae
6178:
6172:
6171:
6167:
6165:
6164:
6160:
6158:
6157:
6153:
6152:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6140:
6133:
6132:
6128:
6126:
6125:
6124:Alamodactylus
6121:
6120:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6108:
6101:
6100:
6096:
6093:
6092:
6088:
6086:
6085:
6081:
6078:
6077:
6073:
6071:
6070:
6066:
6063:
6062:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6053:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6043:Pteranodontia
6040:
6034:
6033:
6029:
6028:
6025:
6021:
6018:
6015:
6010:
6006:
6002:
5997:
5993:
5983:
5978:
5975:
5967:
5941:
5940:
5939:
5938:
5936:
5934:
5930:
5926:
5888:
5887:
5883:
5880:
5879:
5878:Wellnhopterus
5875:
5873:
5872:
5868:
5866:
5865:
5861:
5859:
5858:
5854:
5852:
5851:
5850:Hatzegopteryx
5847:
5845:
5844:
5840:
5838:
5837:
5833:
5831:
5830:
5826:
5824:
5823:
5822:Aralazhdarcho
5819:
5818:
5816:
5814:
5810:
5804:
5803:
5799:
5797:
5796:
5792:
5790:
5789:
5785:
5782:
5781:
5777:
5776:
5774:
5772:
5768:
5761:
5760:
5756:
5753:
5752:
5748:
5746:
5745:
5741:
5738:
5737:
5733:
5731:
5730:
5726:
5723:
5722:
5718:
5717:
5715:
5713:
5709:
5702:
5701:
5697:
5695:
5694:
5693:Radiodactylus
5690:
5687:
5686:
5682:
5681:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5669:
5659:
5658:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5647:
5645:
5644:
5640:
5639:
5637:
5635:
5631:
5624:
5623:
5619:
5616:
5615:
5611:
5609:
5608:
5604:
5602:
5601:
5597:
5594:
5593:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5581:
5578:
5577:
5576:Apatorhamphus
5573:
5572:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5560:
5554:
5553:
5549:
5548:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5536:
5529:
5528:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5508:
5505:
5504:
5500:
5497:
5496:
5492:
5490:
5489:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5475:
5468:
5467:
5463:
5461:
5460:
5456:
5454:
5453:
5449:
5446:
5445:
5441:
5440:
5437:
5434:
5431:
5426:
5396:
5395:
5391:
5389:
5388:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5379:
5375:
5369:
5368:
5367:Tupandactylus
5364:
5362:
5361:
5357:
5355:
5354:
5350:
5347:
5346:
5342:
5341:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5329:
5323:
5322:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5310:
5307:
5306:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5297:Caupedactylus
5294:
5291:
5290:
5286:
5285:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5273:
5267:
5266:
5262:
5260:
5259:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5248:
5246:
5245:
5241:
5239:
5238:
5234:
5231:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5209:
5207:
5205:
5201:
5195:
5194:
5190:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5177:
5171:
5170:
5169:Caupedactylus
5166:
5164:
5163:
5159:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5152:Caupedactylia
5149:
5146:
5144:
5140:
5133:
5132:
5128:
5126:
5125:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5102:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5091:
5088:
5087:
5083:
5080:
5079:
5075:
5072:
5071:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5049:
5042:
5041:
5037:
5035:
5034:
5030:
5029:
5026:
5023:
5020:
5015:
5012:
5009:
5008:Neoazhdarchia
5004:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4991:
4990:
4986:
4983:
4982:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4963:
4961:
4960:
4956:
4955:
4952:
4949:
4946:
4945:Azhdarchoidea
4941:
4927:
4926:
4922:
4920:
4919:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4910:
4906:
4899:
4898:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4889:Puntanipterus
4886:
4884:
4883:
4879:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4869:
4868:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4856:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4828:
4821:
4820:
4816:
4815:
4812:
4809:
4806:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4788:
4784:
4775:
4769:
4743:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4732:
4725:
4724:
4720:
4719:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4707:
4703:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4670:
4669:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4658:
4656:
4655:
4654:Beipiaopterus
4651:
4650:
4648:
4646:
4642:
4636:
4635:
4631:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4618:
4612:
4611:
4610:Tacuadactylus
4607:
4605:
4604:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4590:
4589:
4585:
4583:
4582:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4573:
4569:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4541:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4521:
4520:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4507:
4506:
4502:
4500:
4499:
4495:
4493:
4492:
4491:Forfexopterus
4488:
4486:
4485:
4484:Elanodactylus
4481:
4479:
4478:
4477:Cratonopterus
4474:
4472:
4471:
4470:Cathayopterus
4467:
4465:
4464:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4455:Ardeadactylus
4452:
4451:
4448:
4445:
4442:
4437:
4422:
4421:
4417:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4405:Ardeadactylus
4402:
4401:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4379:
4378:
4374:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4329:Cycnorhamphus
4326:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4313:
4309:
4305:
4302:
4299:
4294:
4288:
4287:
4286:Pterodactylus
4283:
4281:
4280:
4279:Diopecephalus
4276:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4261:
4250:
4249:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4235:
4234:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4213:
4207:
4206:
4205:Prejanopterus
4202:
4201:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4170:
4166:
4157:
4152:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4085:
4083:
4082:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4052:Herbstosaurus
4049:
4047:
4046:
4045:Eurolimnornis
4042:
4040:
4039:
4038:Dermodactylus
4035:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4022:
4012:
4011:
4007:
4004:
4003:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3982:
3981:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3968:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3887:Caelidracones
3883:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3849:
3831:
3830:
3829:Wukongopterus
3826:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3814:Darwinopterus
3811:
3809:
3808:
3807:Cuspicephalus
3804:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3763:
3757:
3756:
3755:Pterorhynchus
3752:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3732:
3725:
3724:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3687:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3639:
3635:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3611:
3565:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3554:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3538:Scaphognathus
3535:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3494:
3476:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3321:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3262:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3216:
3209:
3208:
3207:Eudimorphodon
3204:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3193:
3188:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3167:Peteinosaurus
3164:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3117:Herbstosaurus
3114:
3113:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3095:
3088:
3087:
3086:Peteinosaurus
3083:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3067:
3049:
3048:
3047:Eudimorphodon
3044:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3027:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2944:
2943:
2942:Preondactylia
2939:
2936:
2935:
2934:Peteinosaurus
2931:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2912:Eopterosauria
2908:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2816:Preondactylus
2813:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2800:Preondactylia
2797:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2754:
2750:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2710:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2581:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2530:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2481:
2478:
2473:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2398:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2336:
2331:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2314:(9): 1011–6.
2313:
2309:
2305:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2286:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2272:Palaeontology
2269:
2267:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2229:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2202:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2166:
2163:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
2000:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1877:(7): e38900.
1876:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1792:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1753:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1728:
1727:
1719:
1718:
1710:
1709:
1701:
1700:
1692:
1691:
1683:
1682:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1667:Tupandactylus
1661:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1610:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1523:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1492:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1474:Caupedactylus
1468:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1415:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1378:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1350:
1349:
1341:
1340:
1332:
1331:
1323:
1322:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1287:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1239:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1165:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1071:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1044:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1024:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1002:
1001:
998:
997:
994:
993:
992:
985:
984:
978:
977:
974:
973:
970:
969:
968:
961:
960:
954:
953:
947:
946:
943:
942:
939:
938:
937:
930:
929:
923:
920:
919:
916:
915:
912:
911:
910:Neoazhdarchia
905:
904:
898:
897:Azhdarchoidea
895:
894:
890:
888:
884:
883:
879:
878:
874:
870:
866:
860:
858:
857:Tupandactylus
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
829:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
807:Neoazhdarchia
804:
800:
796:
791:
789:
785:
780:
775:
773:
772:
767:
766:
761:
757:
756:
751:
747:
743:
729:
718:
712:
700:
698:
696:
691:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
668:
663:
659:
650:
648:
641:
640:
635:
634:
629:
628:
622:
615:
613:
611:
607:
606:United States
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
580:
576:
573:
569:
565:
561:
546:
543:
542:
540:
537:
533:
520:
519:
512:
510:
509:
502:
501:
500:
494:
492:
491:
484:
482:
481:
480:Tupandactylus
474:
472:
471:
464:
462:
461:
454:
451:
450:
443:
442:
441:
435:
432:
431:
424:
423:
422:
416:
412:
411:
404:
402:
401:
394:
392:
391:
384:
382:
381:
374:
371:
370:
363:
360:
359:
352:
349:
348:
341:
340:
339:
333:
332:
331:
325:
321:
320:
313:
311:
310:
309:Caupedactylus
303:
302:
300:
299:Caupedactylia
294:
293:
291:
286:
282:Kellner, 1989
279:
278:
270:
267:
263:
259:Kellner, 1989
256:
250:
247:
246:
243:
237:
234:
231:
230:
227:
221:
218:
217:
214:
208:
205:
204:
201:
198:
195:
194:
191:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:
169:
164:
160:
157:
156:
155:
150:
149:
144:
143:
138:
137:
132:
131:
126:
125:
118:
114:
109:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
41:
34:
30:
22:
19:
7239:
7203:
7149:
7144:Ludodactylus
7142:
7135:
7128:
7120:
7112:
7105:
7085:
7077:
7072:Nicorhynchus
7070:
7063:
7056:
7035:
7028:
7020:
7012:
7004:
6996:
6988:
6958:
6951:
6943:Hamipteridae
6929:
6921:
6887:
6879:
6871:
6851:
6843:
6838:Aetodactylus
6836:
6801:
6793:
6786:
6778:
6772:Ludodactylus
6770:
6762:
6754:
6746:
6738:
6730:
6724:Aetodactylus
6722:
6701:
6693:
6685:
6677:
6669:
6662:
6655:
6612:
6605:
6581:
6574:
6567:
6560:
6534:Liaoxipterus
6532:
6525:
6505:
6498:
6491:
6484:
6462:Mimodactylus
6460:
6453:
6446:
6425:
6418:
6411:
6404:
6380:
6373:
6348:
6340:Lanceodontia
6321:
6313:
6308:Lonchodectes
6306:
6298:
6290:
6270:
6263:
6256:
6209:
6202:
6195:
6188:
6168:
6161:
6154:
6129:
6122:
6097:
6089:
6082:
6076:Ornithostoma
6074:
6067:
6059:
6030:
5970:
5884:
5876:
5869:
5862:
5855:
5848:
5843:Eurazhdarcho
5841:
5834:
5827:
5820:
5800:
5793:
5786:
5778:
5771:Azhdarchinae
5757:
5749:
5742:
5734:
5727:
5719:
5712:Azhdarchidae
5698:
5691:
5683:
5655:
5648:
5641:
5620:
5612:
5607:Meilifeilong
5605:
5598:
5590:
5582:
5574:
5550:
5525:
5517:
5509:
5501:
5493:
5486:
5464:
5457:
5450:
5442:
5392:
5385:
5365:
5358:
5351:
5343:
5319:
5311:
5303:
5295:
5287:
5263:
5256:
5249:
5244:Huaxiapterus
5242:
5235:
5229:Eopteranodon
5227:
5219:
5213:Afrotapejara
5211:
5204:Sinopterinae
5193:Afrotapejara
5191:
5179:
5167:
5160:
5129:
5122:
5115:
5107:
5099:
5092:
5084:
5076:
5068:
5060:
5038:
5033:Bennettazhia
5031:
4996:Ornithostoma
4994:
4987:
4979:
4971:
4964:
4957:
4923:
4916:
4895:
4887:
4882:Ordosipterus
4880:
4873:
4865:
4857:
4832:Tapejaroidea
4817:
4721:
4675:Pterodaustro
4673:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4632:
4608:
4601:
4594:
4588:Huanhepterus
4586:
4581:Gnathosaurus
4579:
4561:Moganopterus
4559:
4552:
4533:Pterofiltrus
4531:
4526:Petrodactyle
4524:
4517:
4512:Liaodactylus
4510:
4505:Kepodactylus
4503:
4496:
4489:
4482:
4475:
4468:
4461:
4453:
4420:Huanhepterus
4418:
4411:
4403:
4382:
4377:Aerodactylus
4375:
4350:
4344:Petrodactyle
4342:
4334:
4327:
4319:
4284:
4277:
4246:
4238:
4231:
4223:
4203:
4094:
4086:
4079:
4072:
4065:
4060:Kryptodrakon
4058:
4050:
4043:
4036:
4008:
4002:Jeholopterus
4000:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3958:
3951:
3945:Jeholopterus
3943:
3935:
3930:Anurognathus
3928:
3910:Mesadactylus
3908:
3873:
3865:
3827:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3797:
3777:
3753:
3746:
3735:Darwinoptera
3721:
3714:
3707:
3676:
3668:
3614:
3543:
3536:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3472:
3466:Nesodactylus
3464:
3458:Cacibupteryx
3456:
3438:Sericipterus
3436:
3428:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3377:
3370:
3365:Nesodactylus
3363:
3356:
3349:
3344:Cacibupteryx
3342:
3337:Bellubrunnus
3335:
3310:
3302:
3295:
3287:
3248:
3241:
3205:
3192:Lonchognatha
3173:
3165:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3135:
3115:
3084:
3045:
3037:
3016:
2992:
2985:
2980:Pachagnathus
2978:
2970:
2940:
2932:
2926:Austriadraco
2924:
2890:
2885:Austriadraco
2883:
2875:
2854:
2847:
2839:
2814:
2807:
2787:
2673:
2664:
2655:
2543:
2539:
2529:
2494:
2490:
2480:
2438:(1): 17875.
2435:
2431:
2421:
2406:
2403:
2397:
2352:
2348:
2338:
2311:
2307:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2246:
2241:
2233:
2228:
2219:
2215:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2165:
2156:
2146:
2141:
2133:
2128:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1960:
1956:
1953:Huaxiapterus
1952:
1946:
1929:
1919:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1798:
1791:
1766:
1762:
1752:
1734:
1665:
1664:
1648:
1647:
1631:
1630:
1614:
1613:
1601:
1578:
1577:
1561:
1560:
1544:
1543:
1529:Eopteranodon
1527:
1526:
1496:
1495:
1472:
1471:
1459:
1436:
1435:
1419:
1418:
1396:
1382:
1381:
1359:
1358:
1260:
1259:
1243:
1242:
1219:
1218:
1186:
1185:
1169:
1168:
1149:
1126:
1125:
1109:
1108:
1089:
1075:
1074:
1062:
1048:
1047:
1006:
1005:
989:
988:
965:
964:
936:Bennettazhia
934:
933:
908:
886:
885:
876:
872:
861:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
826:
822:
819:paraphyletic
814:
810:
792:
776:
769:
763:
753:
749:
745:
741:
739:
692:
665:
654:
645:
637:
631:
625:
559:
558:
544:
516:
506:
498:
488:
478:
468:
458:
447:
439:
430:Eopteranodon
428:
420:
408:
398:
388:
378:
369:Eopteranodon
367:
356:
347:Afrotapejara
345:
338:Sinopterinae
337:
329:
317:
307:
298:
275:
266:Type species
254:
232:
152:
146:
140:
134:
128:
122:
121:
38:125–85
18:
7270:Tapejaridae
7264:Wikispecies
7240:Tapejaridae
7030:Thapunngaka
6990:Amblydectes
6909:Anhangueria
6873:Aussiedraco
6607:Boreopterus
6382:Lonchodraco
6315:Lonchodraco
6258:Aussiedraco
6204:Nyctosaurus
6061:Bogolubovia
5729:Bogolubovia
5600:Lacusovagus
5592:Eoazhdarcho
5552:Eoazhdarcho
5511:Leptostomia
5503:Keresdrakon
5378:Caiuajarina
5345:Bakonydraco
5313:Lacusovagus
5305:Keresdrakon
5276:Tapejarinae
5237:Huaxiadraco
5221:Bakonydraco
5180:Tapejaridae
5109:Leptostomia
5101:Lacusovagus
5094:Kariridraco
5040:Keresdrakon
4981:Leptostomia
4973:Keresdrakon
4634:Ctenochasma
4596:Lusognathus
4519:Otogopterus
4174:Lophocratia
4107:Lophocratia
4074:Pangupterus
4010:Sinomacrops
3351:Dorygnathus
3220:Novialoidea
3175:Rhamphinion
3152:Dimorphodon
2827:Caviramidae
2771:Pterosauria
2758:Pterosauria
2721:Pterosauria
2660:Archosauria
2621:Pterosauria
2011:: 567–580.
1460:Tapejarinae
1397:Tapejaridae
1384:Keresdrakon
1090:Tapejarinae
1063:Tapejaridae
803:azhdarchids
795:azhdarchoid
779:azhdarchids
750:Tapejarinae
680:angiosperms
616:Description
560:Tapejaridae
545:Eutapejaria
499:Caiuajarina
449:Bakonydraco
421:Tapejarinae
380:Huaxiadraco
358:Bakonydraco
330:Eutapejaria
255:Tapejaridae
213:Pterosauria
24:Tapejaridae
7353:Categories
7107:Anhanguera
6998:Ferrodraco
6953:Hamipterus
6881:Barbosania
6756:Ferrodraco
6748:Draigwenia
6583:Hamipterus
6562:Barbosania
6507:Nurhachius
6375:Ikrandraco
6350:Draigwenia
6300:Ikrandraco
6265:Serradraco
6211:Volgadraco
6099:Volgadraco
6091:Tethydraco
6084:Pteranodon
5942:see below↓
5836:Cryodrakon
5759:Volgadraco
5751:Tethydraco
5650:Jidapterus
5614:Microtuban
5452:Microtuban
5353:Europejara
5332:Tapejarini
5321:Vectidraco
5258:Sinopterus
4875:Noripterus
4744:see below↓
4668:Gegepterus
4661:Eosipterus
4116:see below↓
4096:Wenupteryx
3987:Cascocauda
3566:see below↓
2994:Yelaphomte
2730:see below↓
2651:Sauropsida
1744:References
1616:Europejara
1602:Tapejarini
1580:Sinopterus
1360:Topology 2
1150:Tapejarini
887:Topology 1
849:Tapejarini
845:Sinopterus
837:Sinopterus
799:cladograms
688:angiosperm
667:Sinopterus
658:frugivores
579:Cretaceous
575:pterosaurs
490:Vectidraco
460:Europejara
440:Tapejarini
400:Sinopterus
219:Suborder:
7058:Aerodraco
6500:Luchibang
6448:Haopterus
6170:Simurghia
6163:Epapatelo
6131:Cretornis
6069:Dawndraco
5795:Azhdarcho
5788:Albadraco
5780:Aerotitan
5700:Alanqidae
5478:Alanqidae
5444:Cretornis
5394:Torukjara
5387:Caiuajara
5124:Tupuxuara
5062:Aerotitan
4966:Inabtanin
4554:Feilongus
3953:Luopterus
3670:Allkaruen
3297:Klobiodon
3137:Allkaruen
2972:Caviramus
2849:Caviramus
2637:Kingdom:
2562:1932-6203
2513:0001-3765
2371:1932-6203
2266:Tupuxuara
1977:129851866
1852:129032233
1817:0891-2963
1783:219099220
1633:Caiuajara
1438:Tupuxuara
815:Tupuxuara
771:Tupuxuara
746:Tupuxuara
693:Assuming
672:Barremian
662:omnivores
636:(B), and
577:from the
518:Torukjara
508:Caiuajara
186:Kingdom:
180:Eukaryota
7284:47449630
7249:Wikidata
7130:Guidraco
7014:Mythunga
7006:Haliskia
6780:Mythunga
6764:Guidraco
6695:Haliskia
6272:Unwindia
5622:Xericeps
5527:Xericeps
5459:Xericeps
5360:Tapejara
5131:Xericeps
5086:Banguela
4859:Banguela
4088:Samrukia
3748:Ceoptera
2645:Chordata
2643:Phylum:
2639:Animalia
2580:34432814
2540:PLOS ONE
2521:31432888
2472:31784545
2389:34432814
2349:PLOS ONE
2330:24768054
2196:90477315
2120:28950013
2080:PLOS ONE
2061:84883165
1911:22802931
1871:PLOS ONE
1803:: 1–22.
1650:Tapejara
853:Tapejara
843:than to
841:Tapejara
833:Tapejara
825:than to
823:Tapejara
811:Tapejara
755:Tapejara
742:Tapejara
562:(from a
536:Synonyms
470:Tapejara
248:Family:
200:Chordata
196:Phylum:
190:Animalia
176:Domain:
7323:4128923
7297:4818529
7255:Q134383
6156:Alcione
5265:Wightia
2649:Class:
2571:8386889
2463:6884559
2440:Bibcode
2409:: 4940
2380:8386889
2222:: 1–14.
2111:5614613
2088:Bibcode
1902:3389002
1879:Bibcode
651:Biology
598:Morocco
594:Hungary
590:England
410:Wightia
288:Genera
206:Order:
7336:156766
7310:117036
5721:Alanqa
5488:Alanqa
5070:Alanqa
3678:Sordes
3545:Sordes
2578:
2568:
2560:
2519:
2511:
2470:
2460:
2387:
2377:
2369:
2328:
2194:
2118:
2108:
2059:
1975:
1909:
1899:
1850:
1815:
1781:
1735:
817:) are
676:Aptian
608:, and
604:, the
586:Brazil
582:period
568:family
151:, and
7305:IRMNG
4819:Piksi
3415:Dearc
2674:Clade
2665:Clade
2656:Clade
2192:S2CID
2057:S2CID
1973:S2CID
1848:S2CID
1779:S2CID
630:(A),
610:China
602:Spain
233:Clade
29:Early
7292:GBIF
2707:see
2576:PMID
2558:ISSN
2517:PMID
2509:ISSN
2468:PMID
2385:PMID
2367:ISSN
2326:PMID
2116:PMID
1907:PMID
1813:ISSN
855:and
813:and
768:and
744:and
564:Tupi
46:PreꞒ
7279:EoL
2566:PMC
2548:doi
2499:doi
2458:PMC
2448:doi
2411:doi
2375:PMC
2357:doi
2316:doi
2280:doi
2184:doi
2106:PMC
2096:doi
2049:doi
2045:130
2013:doi
1965:doi
1934:doi
1897:PMC
1887:doi
1840:doi
1805:doi
1771:doi
1767:113
660:or
642:(C)
570:of
31:to
7355::
7333::
7320::
7307::
7294::
7281::
7266::
7251::
2676::
2667::
2658::
2574:.
2564:.
2556:.
2544:16
2542:.
2538:.
2515:.
2507:.
2495:91
2493:.
2489:.
2466:.
2456:.
2446:.
2434:.
2430:.
2383:.
2373:.
2365:.
2353:16
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