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widespread awareness of the issue. Families of
Sisters in Spirit pursues these goals through hosting events and discussions, establishing connections between communities, and offering direct support to Indigenous families. The program "is led by and for families of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls."
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Spirit research initiative has lived on by continuing to generate discussions and spur action on
Indigenous issues. This has been greatly due to the partnership with the NWAC, through which resources have been established to promote education and awareness of Canada’s missing and murdered Indigenous women.
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released "Stolen
Sisters: A Human Rights Response to Discrimination and Violence Against Indigenous Women in Canada," a report created in partnership with NWAC. The document asserted that the Canadian government had not done enough to protect Indigenous women, estimating that more than 500 Indigenous
24:
and funded by Status of Women Canada. Beginning in 2005, the initiative was an effort to research and document the statistics of violence against
Indigenous women in Canada. It also sought to heighten awareness and education regarding the treatment of Indigenous women, and ultimately influence policy
91:
In
November 2008, Sisters in Spirit released its initial report, titled “Voices of Our Sisters in Spirit: A Report to Families and Communities,” followed by a second edition published in 2009. The methodology and framework utilized for the Sisters in Spirit research was a combination of quantitative
66:
The report identified systemic oppression and economic marginalization of
Indigenous communities, female members in particular, as causes for the violence. Such conditions were fostered and reinforced by government policies and indifference from police and society as a whole. As a result, Indigenous
103:
When the initial five year funding allotment for
Sisters in Spirit ended in 2010, the federal government opted not to allocate new funds to the project. As a result, the Sisters in Spirit research initiative "officially ended on 31 March 2010." In February 2011, the federal government reached a new
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The aims of
Sisters in Spirit were to establish a reliable estimate of the total number of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls in Canada, share some of the victim’s life stories, determine the root causes of the violence, and identify measures to increase the safety of Indigenous women.
83:
In March 2004, the NWAC launched a one-year “Sisters in Spirit” campaign to not only draw more public attention to the issue of violence toward
Indigenous women, but secure government funding for a multi-year project to study the problem. In 2005, the Canadian federal government announced it would
136:
Sisters In Spirit Vigils raise public awareness about missing and murdered
Aboriginal women and girls in Canada. Vigils ensure that everyone, regardless of their cultural background, is aware of this crisis of violence. They also support communities by showing women and girls are loved and missed
95:
The report included policy recommendations to implement culturally appropriate services for Indigenous female police officers, enhanced protection for the rights of sex trade workers, and education programs on the history and impact of colonialism and marginalization. Sisters in Spirit focused on
140:
The first Sisters In Spirit Vigil was organized by NWAC, Amnesty International Canada and KAIROS Canada. NWAC was surprised and encouraged when eleven Canadian communities embraced the concept and hosted simultaneous vigils, attracting hundreds of participants, on the same date: October 4, 2006.
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Despite the federal defunding of its research, the Sisters in Spirit project inspired numerous community-based events and offshoot groups that continue to champion its causes and support the families of victims. In addition to the annual events and vigils, the original purpose of the Sisters in
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statistical research analysis and qualitative “community based research framework” focusing on stories shared by victim’s families and friends. It also included community educational tool kits and safety measures for Indigenous women, and outreach support for victim’s families and communities.
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quilter and advocate of the NWAC, wanted to create an artistic and therapeutic way for Indigenous peoples to express their anger and heartbreak over the injustice of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls. Hoping to both increase awareness of the issue and begin a process of healing,
168:
in 2011. It is funded through community donations and a handful of small fundraising events. Recognizing the lack of support for families of missing and murdered Indigenous women, the program is intended to provide them with a network of financial and emotional support while also increasing
104:
funding agreement with the NWAC, providing just under two million dollars over three years for a new project called "Evidence to Action." Critics of the changes highlighted the funding shortfall and a watering down of the Sisters in Spirit initiative's breadth of work.
187:
Williams issued a “Call for Quilt Squares,” inviting quilters across the country to share their stories by creating their own unique squares. She would go on to collect the squares and patch them together, ultimately forming the “Sisters in Spirit Traveling Quilt.”
99:
In March 2010, Sisters in Spirit released a second report titled “What Their Stories Tell Us,” which further detailed the history and impact of colonization on Indigenous women and identified 582 women or girls had been missing or murdered in Canada.
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on Valentine's Day and Winnipeg’s Mother’s Day Walk. Like the vigils, the marches serve to honour the memory of Indigenous women and promote solidarity among Indigenous community.
552:"The Sisters in Spirit Initiative: Native Women's Association of Canada," in Torn from Our Midst: Voices of Grief, Healing and Action from the Missing Indigenous Women Conference
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policy recommendations for four key areas: Reduction of violence, increased accessible housing options, improved education and employment opportunities and access to justice.
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203:. Part of the group's "Days of Awareness," the event serves as an opportunity for poets to artistically express their thoughts and emotions about their fallen sisters.
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In addition to the vigils, a number of Sisters in Spirit events involve walks or marches on October 4, as well as during other notable times of the year, such as the
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Indigenous groups and organizations, including the families and friends of victims, increasingly began making public calls for action to address the issue of
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575:
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Kubik, Wendee, Carrie Bourassa, and Mary Hampton (2009). "Stolen Sisters, Second Class Citizens, Poor Health: The Legacy of Colonization in Canada".
266:
Kubik, Wendee, Carrie Bourassa, and Mary Hampton (2009). "Stolen Sisters, Second Class Citizens, Poor Health: The Legacy of Colonization in Canada".
59:
and Indigenous women’s interests that were not being addressed by other Aboriginal organizations. In 2002, the NWAC submitted a report to the
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to address these issues through documenting the lived experience of Indigenous women and highlighting the underlying causes of this violence.
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The NWAC is a non-profit organization run by Indigenous women. It was established in 1974 to focus on sex discrimination resulting from the
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provide funding for the research initiative, with five million dollars to be allocated from Status of Women Canada over five years.
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Sisters in Spirit vigils are held annually every October 4th in the memory of Canada’s murdered and missing Indigenous women.
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describing the devaluation of Indigenous women in Canada, noting cases where Indigenous women were victims of violence.
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45:" after more than thirty-two Indigenous women and girls had been reported either missing or dead.
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791:"Voices of Out Sisters in Spirit: A Report to Families and Communities (2nd Edition - March 2009)"
766:"Voices of Out Sisters in Spirit: A Report to Families and Communities (2nd Edition - March 2009)"
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459:"Sisters in Spirit," in Restoring the Balance: First Nations Women, Community, and Culture
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In October 2016, the Wolastoqiyik Sisters in Spirit inaugurated an annual Poetry Slam in
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576:"What Their Stories Tell Us: Research findings from the Sisters In Spirit initiative"
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Between 1978 and 2002, nearly seventy sex-trade workers disappeared from Vancouver’s
627:"Warrior Women: Indigenous Women's Anti-Violence Engagement with the Canadian State"
605:"Warrior Women: Indigenous Women's Anti-Violence Engagement with the Canadian State"
530:"Warrior Women: Indigenous Women's Anti-Violence Engagement with the Canadian State"
437:"Warrior Women: Indigenous Women's Anti-Violence Engagement with the Canadian State"
415:"Warrior Women: Indigenous Women's Anti-Violence Engagement with the Canadian State"
393:"Warrior Women: Indigenous Women's Anti-Violence Engagement with the Canadian State"
371:"Warrior Women: Indigenous Women's Anti-Violence Engagement with the Canadian State"
243:"Warrior Women: Indigenous Women's Anti-Violence Engagement with the Canadian State"
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women are more likely to live in poverty and resort to working in the sex trade.
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women and girls were either missing or murdered over the previous twenty years.
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873:"Department of Justice - COMPENDIUM ANNEX: DETAILED PRACTICE DESCRIPTIONS"
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121:
In 2019, October 4th was officially declared as Sisters in Spirit Day in
694:"MMIWG & Violence Prevention • Native Women's Association of Canada"
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722:"Photos: Sisters in Spirit Day declared as hundreds take part in vigil"
501:"Voices of Our Sisters In Spirit: A Report to Families and Communities"
473:"Voices of Our Sisters In Spirit: A Report to Families and Communities"
122:
897:
52:
in Canada. One of the organizations leading those calls was the NWAC.
1529:
796:. Native Women's Association of Canada (NWAC). March 2009. p. 82
771:. Native Women's Association of Canada (NWAC). March 2009. p. 81
164:
The Families of Sisters in Spirit is a grassroots program founded by
1536:
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act
1057:
987:
963:
554:. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Center. pp. 208–218.
1506:
National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women
871:
Government of Canada, Department of Justice (2012-08-09).
1821:
Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls movement
964:"Wolastoqiyik Sisters in Spirit 2018 Days of Awareness"
461:. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press. p. 186.
144:
The vigils are held by independent Indigenous groups.
220:"Violence Prevention and Safety – Sisters in Spirit"
1726:
Richard Cardinal: Cry from a Diary of a MĂ©tis Child
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946:"Sisters in Spirit hold second annual poetry slam"
37:, many of whom were Indigenous. During the 1990s,
1785:Index of articles related to Indigenous Canadians
847:Within the Confines: Women and the Law in Canada
50:Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls
816:"WINNIPEG: Sisters In Spirit 11th Annual Walk"
999:
8:
354:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
300:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1816:Violence against Indigenous women in Canada
1663:Portrayals of the residential school system
22:Native Women's Association of Canada (NWAC)
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1180:
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1006:
992:
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508:Native Women’s Association of Canada, p. 4
634:University of Toronto TSpace, pp. 238-244
537:University of Toronto TSpace, pp. 207-208
1353:Violence against WetĘĽsuwetĘĽen protesters
839:
837:
835:
211:
747:
737:
645:
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347:
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944:Lavoie, Sophie M. (October 3, 2017).
715:
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250:University of Toronto, TSpace, p. 180
7:
1434:Justice for our Stolen Children Camp
1014:Violence and discrimination against
698:Native Women's Association of Canada
612:University of Toronto TSpace, p. 235
583:Native Women’s Association of Canada
480:Native Women’s Association of Canada
444:University of Toronto TSpace, p. 193
422:University of Toronto TSpace, p. 190
400:University of Toronto TSpace, p. 189
378:University of Toronto TSpace, p. 183
315:
313:
311:
261:
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224:Native Women’s Association of Canada
20:initiative was a program led by the
1494:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
1102:First Nations nutrition experiments
923:"Sisters in Spirit Traveling Quilt"
1762:The Unnatural and Accidental Women
720:Newsroom Staff (October 4, 2019).
14:
1523:An Act to amend the Criminal Code
1382:Death of Regis Korchinski-Paquet
974:from the original on 2018-10-06.
592:from the original on 2015-12-18.
517:from the original on 2015-12-18.
489:from the original on 2015-12-18.
230:from the original on 2015-12-18.
41:Highway 16 became known as the "
1577:British Columbia Treaty Process
674:YourAlberta (October 4, 2019).
968:Wolastoqiyik Sisters in Spirit
125:by the provincial government.
1:
160:Families of Sisters in Spirit
1016:Indigenous peoples in Canada
850:. Canadian Scholars’ Press.
676:"Sisters in Spirit Day 2019"
457:Olsen Harper, Anita (2009).
137:terribly by their families.
1637:Old-growth logging protests
844:Kilty, Jennifer M. (2014).
1837:
1404:Judge David William Ramsay
898:"Community Quilt Projects"
334:10.1177/016059760903300103
280:10.1177/016059760903300103
1775:
1525:for trafficking of minors
1392:Saskatoon freezing deaths
1076:Residential school system
625:Bourgeois, Robyn (2014).
603:Bourgeois, Robyn (2014).
528:Bourgeois, Robyn (2014).
435:Bourgeois, Robyn (2014).
413:Bourgeois, Robyn (2014).
391:Bourgeois, Robyn (2014).
369:Bourgeois, Robyn (2014).
241:Bourgeois, Robyn (2014).
1466:Walking With Our Sisters
1387:Killing of Chantel Moore
1281:Winnipeg serial killings
1040:Gradual Civilization Act
129:Sisters in Spirit Vigils
1642:Trans Mountain pipeline
1365:Gustafsen Lake standoff
896:Olsen Williams, Alice.
148:Sisters in Spirit Walks
1617:Caledonia land dispute
1471:Women's Memorial March
1231:Healthcare inequality
1119:High Arctic relocation
927:Canadian Woman Studies
322:Humanity & Society
268:Humanity & Society
182:Alice Olsen Williams,
154:Women's Memorial March
1316:Jean Virginia Sampare
1301:Tammy Lamondin-Gagnon
933:(3–4): 122–127. 2008.
655:Government of Alberta
550:Hughes, Judy (2010).
117:Sisters in Spirit Day
72:Amnesty International
1697:Missing and Murdered
1257:Missing and Murdered
1097:Forced sterilization
1811:First Nations women
1612:Burnt Church Crisis
1439:Moose Hide campaign
1311:Helen Betty Osborne
1210:Criminal sentencing
1184:Structural violence
1031:Settler colonialism
970:. October 6, 2018.
902:Pimaatisiwin Quilts
651:"Sisters in Spirit"
173:Artistic Expression
79:Campaign/Initiative
1622:Clayoquot protests
1215:Mass incarceration
1188:and discrimination
750:has generic name (
39:British Columbia’s
1793:
1792:
1780:Indigenous rights
1771:
1770:
1627:Keystone Pipeline
1582:Yukon Land Claims
1545:
1544:
1461:Sisters in Spirit
1412:
1411:
1296:Pamela Holopainen
1170:
1169:
1124:RCMP dog killings
1046:Numbered Treaties
877:www.justice.gc.ca
70:In October 2004,
35:Downtown Eastside
18:Sisters in Spirit
1828:
1728:
1690:Highway of Tears
1647:UnistĘĽotĘĽen Camp
1604:Water protection
1602:
1563:
1556:
1477:
1370:Ipperwash Crisis
1344:
1341:Police brutality
1331:Lisa Marie Young
1321:Loretta Saunders
1286:Immaculate Basil
1269:Highway of Tears
1261:Indigenous Women
1260:
1187:
1181:
1162:Indian hospitals
1058:Role of the RCMP
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561:978-0889772236
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1195:Birth alerts
1152:Potlatch ban
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1564:land claims
1480:Commissions
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748:|last=
328:(1–2): 28.
274:(1–2): 29.
197:Fredericton
184:Anishinaabe
1800:Categories
1748:This River
1632:Oka Crisis
1560:Indigenous
1081:gravesites
1052:Indian Act
1023:Background
882:2020-02-28
825:2020-02-28
800:17 January
775:17 January
731:2020-02-28
703:2020-02-28
660:2020-02-28
207:References
57:Indian Act
29:Background
1587:Land Back
1417:Responses
907:March 17,
342:143448608
288:143448608
1711:Pig Girl
1175:Specific
1068:Genocide
972:Archived
740:cite web
587:Archived
585:. 2010.
512:Archived
510:. 2009.
484:Archived
482:. 2009.
228:Archived
178:Quilting
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1499:Holiday
1424:AmINext
1375:Inquiry
680:YouTube
123:Alberta
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246:(PDF)
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909:2020
852:ISBN
802:2021
777:2021
752:help
556:ISBN
356:link
302:link
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330:doi
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