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269:) and to give limited secular education. These early mission boarding schools never recruited more than a small percentage of the number of school-aged children in the region. Though often at odds, the Canadian government and the various religious organizations operating residential schools agreed that Indigenous cultural practices had to be suppressed.
401:
her colleagues adopted the particular black and beige dress of their religious institute in 1755: despite a lack of grey colour, they kept the nickname. When a Grey Nun worked as a nurse in a hospital, she usually exchanged her taupe habit for a white one. They wore a bonnet instead of a veil, as that was more practical for everyday work.
216:
founder as the Frères Charon. At that time they also took over the work of the bankrupt Frères Charon at the Hôpital Général de Montréal located outside the city walls. (In the seventeenth century, a "general hospital" was an institution that took in old people, the ill, and the poor. Medical care was dispensed at the Hôtel Dieu.)
553:
They once operated a number of major hospitals in Canada; as provincial governments and church, authorities moved to standardize both ownership and operation of hospitals, many of these hospitals passed into the hands of Church corporations (or, in some cases, governmental organizations) and the Grey
466:
In 1888 the sisters founded the first hospital in
Lewiston, Maine, called variously "the Sisters' Hospital", "the French Hospital", or "the Catholic Hospital". In 1902 the Sisters moved to a larger building that came to be called L'Hopital Generale Ste. Marie - St. Mary's General Hospital. St. Mary's
458:
The congregation was founded by Marie-Michel-Archange Thuot (Mother Thuot). She joined the Grey nuns in 1803. She served in the infirmary and pharmacy, and later became mistress of novices. In 1840, Thuot and three other sisters left
Montreal to establish a community in the rural farming community of
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The city residents mocked the nuns by calling them "les grises" – a phrase meaning both "the grey women" and "the drunken women", in reference to the color of their attire and d'Youville's late husband, François-Magdeleine You d’Youville (1700–1730), a notorious bootlegger. Marguerite d'Youville and
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In response to increased industrialization of the area, in 1864 they founded the workhouse of Saint Geneviève to " procure work for the poor women when they are unable to find any on the outside." The workhouse produced woollen fabric and soap, and provided employment for ten women, fifteen girls,
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was founded in 1906 in Nashua, by the parish of St. Louis de
Gonzague primarily to serve Nashua's French Canadian community. The Sisters of Charity of Montreal began to staff it in 1907. The hospital was dedicated on 1 May 1908, the Feast of St. Joseph the Worker. The sister also started a nursing
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The rule given to
Marguerite d'Youville and her companions by the Sulpician priest, Father Louis Normant de Faradon, P.S.S, in 1745 received episcopal sanction in 1754, when Monseigneur de Pontbriant formed the society into an official religious community. This rule forms the basis of the present
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on 30 October 1738, taking in a small number of destitute persons. On 3 June 1753 the society received royal sanction, which also transferred to them the rights and privileges previously granted by letters patent in 1694 to the Frères
Hospitaliers de la Croix et de Saint-Joseph, known after their
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After 1840, the order rapidly expanded, and over the next 100 years became a major provider of health care and other social services throughout Quebec, Western and
Northern Canada, and the northern United States. In 1855, the Grey Nuns were called to Toledo, Ohio, to care for many suffering from
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In 1755 the sisters cared for those stricken during a smallpox epidemic. As the sisters were not cloistered, they could go out to visit the sick. Those assisted included the First
Nations people in Oka, who were among the benefactors who later helped rebuild the hospital after a fire in 1765.
262:, who were not allowed to teach girls. The Oblates paid parents to allow their children to attend boarding schools. At the schools, they participated in the effort to remove children from their traditional Indigenous ways of life, in order to "civilize" them.
242:, a non-profit Catholic regional health care system, to direct, support and conduct their health care, elder care and social service systems throughout New England. In 1996, sponsorship of St. Joseph Hospital in Nashua was transferred from the Grey Nuns to
544:
As of 2008 the various Grey Nun branches operate in Canada, the United States, Colombia, Brazil, Japan, Haiti, Central
African Republic, South Africa, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay, Bahamas, and the Dominican Republic.
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The only
American congregation of Grey Nuns, the Grey Nuns of the Sacred Heart branched off from the Ottawa congregation in 1921, to establish an independent English-speaking congregation to minister in the United States. They founded
770:
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They now operate shelters for battered women (with and without children), shelters for women in need, clothing and food dispensaries, centres for the disabled, and some health care facilities. St. Boniface
General Hospital in
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Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, and soon founded the Hotel-Dieu for their health care ministry. As a way to raise funds to support themselves and their ministry, they also took in female pensionnaires.
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392:. As of 2021, the Catholic Church as a whole had not issued a formal apology for its role in the residential school system, although some dioceses and orders had issued their own apologies.
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Canada, the United States, Colombia, Brazil, Japan, Haiti, Central African Republic, South Africa, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay, Bahamas, and the Dominican Republic
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The sisters undertook the first mission by a female religious institute to Western Canada in 1844, when a colony of Grey Nuns left their convent in Montreal and travelled to
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investigation; two nuns were eventually convicted of assault for their actions at St Anne's. The Sisters also worked at the Holy Angels Residential School in
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496:. The sisters serve in a variety of ministries in the East Coast states New York, Pennsylvania and Massachusetts as well as in Georgia and Alaska.
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was founded when Marguerite d'Youville and three of her friends formed a religious association to care for the poor. They rented a small house in
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874:"Canada's Residential Schools: The History, Part 1 Origins to 1939: Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada Volume 1"
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was reportedly used on the children for the amusement of the staff, among other severe abuses. Survivor testimony later sparked a long-running
280:; insufficient food; and being forbidden to speak their native languages or engage in their cultural practices. This treatment has been deemed
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is still owned by the Grey Nuns; hospitals previously owned, operated, or enlarged by the institute include the former Holy Cross Hospital in
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962:"Canada's Residential Schools: The Inuit and Northern Experience: Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada Volume 2"
259:
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1046:"Canada's Residential Schools: The History, Part 1 1939 to 2000: Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada Volume 1"
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congregation has not recruited any new members since before 2000. Sister Bernadette said the nuns' legacy will live on in other ways.
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910:"Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the Future: Summary of the Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada"
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Although the institute's informal name contains the word "nuns", members are actually classified by the Roman Catholic Church as
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process, stating that they felt many students had positive experiences and that some of their members had been falsely accused.
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The main goal of the Oblates and the Grey Nuns was to provide a Catholic education (in competition with schools operated by
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Grey Nuns may work with the incarcerated. Some chapters are also dedicated to peace and justice; at least one chapter, the
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1107:"Canada's Residential Schools: Reconciliation: Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada Volume 6"
616:
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the Sisters of Charity of the HĂ´tel-Dieu of Nicolet (1886), branched off from Saint-Hyacinthe, united with Montreal (1941)
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As of 2018, the Sisters had not turned over several thousand photos and records which they had promised to return to the
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607:. Many of these health care institutions were founded by missionary nuns sent out from convents in Quebec and Ontario.
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to search the grounds of the school for unmarked graves reported by former students. The search began in March 2022.
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Ward, Sister Mary Elizabeth. "Grey Nuns." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910
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992:"Search for unmarked graves at residential school site in Fort Chipewyan beginning at the end of March"
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The Quiet Revolutionaries: How the Grey Nuns Changed the Social Welfare Paradigm of Lewiston, Maine
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The Quiet Revolutionaries: How the Grey Nuns Changed the Social Welfare Paradigm of Lewiston, Maine
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771:""160 years after its founding, Mercy St. Vincent Medical Center is still mission-focused",
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422:, the sisters pledge themselves to devote their lives to the service of suffering humanity.
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University of Calgary Library Special Collection article on Holy Cross School of Nursing.
1160:"'Disgrace': Indigenous leaders blast Catholic Church for silence on residential schools"
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In 1993 it was estimated that there were just under 3,000 Grey Nuns in Canada, mainly in
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The Sisters and the Oblates objected to the characterization of their actions during the
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by Albertine-Ferland Angers. Montreal: Sisters of Charity of Montreal, Grey Nuns, 2000.
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1078:"The Survivors Speak: A Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada"
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450:. Several sister communities branched off from the Sisters of Charity of Montreal:
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one man, and three boys. They became a separate pontifical congregation in 1896.
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753:"Dwindling Grey Nuns leave downtown Montreal convent after more than a century"
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1137:"Some Catholic orders still withholding promised residential school records"
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639:. They no longer wear their distinctive habit and now wear street clothes.
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was vacated by its remaining Grey Nuns, after having sold the property to
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Manitoba Historical Society – The Grey Nuns and the Red River Settlement
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and Fort Chipewyan MĂ©tis Community have hired archaeologists from the
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school. In 1938, the parish transferred ownership to the "Grey Nuns".
47:
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Marie–Marguerite d'Youville at the Vatican Liturgy of Saints Project
1017:"Assiniboia Residential School Display Opens at Millennium Library"
1517:
CBC: Grey Nuns leave motherhouse for Concordia University takeover
1500:"The fascinating history behind Concordia's new student residence"
55:
Saint Marguerite d'Youville, in the former habit of the institute
1563:
1607:
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178:
438:, held by Sisters of Charity of Quebec between 1861 and 1994
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Other residential schools where the sisters worked include
1182:"Our "Colorful" Name | Grey Nuns of the Sacred Heart"
336:
Lac la Biche (Notre Dame des Victoires) Residential School
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in Buffalo, New York. In 1966, the mother house moved to
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The Sisters worked at one of the most notorious schools,
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The Sisters worked as nurses and teachers in a number of
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The Sisters of Charity of the Hôpital Général of Montreal
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Christian organizations established in the 18th century
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by Dennis King. Toronto: Book Society of Canada, 1980.
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Saskatoon Health Region article on St. Paul's Hospital.
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In 1983 the Sisters of Charity of Montreal established
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in 2005. The building was subsequently renovated. The
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Koessler Administration Building at D'Youville College
1568:
1116:. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. 2015
1087:. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. 2015
1055:. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. 2015
971:. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. 2015
919:. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. 2015
883:. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. 2015
18:
Sisters of Charity of the Hôpital Général of Montreal
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building built in 1765 in Montreal was designated a
1903:
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Grey Sisters of the Immaculate Conception Home Page
619:, has declared its properties a nuclear-free zone.
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2149:Religious organizations established in the 1730s
574:, was also designated a National Historic Site.
1569:Sisters of Charity of Saint-Hyacinthe Home Page
1072:
1070:
562:in 1973 to commemorate the Grey Nuns. In 2011,
88:advocate and public voice, educator and network
258:, as the preferred missionary partners of the
250:Participation in the residential school system
1619:
1473:"Montreal nuns moving – with saint's remains"
801:"10 Things to Know About St. Joseph Hospital"
8:
1300:"Grey Nuns of the Sacred Heart - Who we are"
1114:National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
1085:National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
1053:National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
969:National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
917:National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
904:
902:
900:
898:
881:National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
390:National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
224:cholera. St. Vincent's later became part of
39:
1544:Mother d'Youville, First Canadian Foundress
1435:
1433:
833:"Covenant Health - Our Name is our Promise"
1626:
1612:
1604:
1531:The Grey Nuns and the Red River Settlement
1390:Directory of Federal Heritage Designations
570:of the Grey Nuns in Montreal, now part of
272:Students at the schools were subjected to
203:Grey Nuns Convent in Montreal (circa 1880)
38:
1831:1972 Montreal Museum of Fine Arts robbery
1386:Mother House of the Grey Nuns of Montreal
1223:
1221:
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714:
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512:Grey Sisters of the Immaculate Conception
1349:Grey Nuns of the Sacred Heart Ministries
535:
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503:the Sisters of Charity of Ottawa (1845)
478:
429:
198:
2154:Christian organizations based in Canada
1866:2011 Montreal Museum of Fine Arts theft
1584:Grey Nuns of the Sacred Heart Home Page
751:Everett-Green, Robert (29 March 2013).
720:""History", The Grey Nuns of Montreal""
687:
519:the Sisters of Charity of Quebec (1849)
1579:Sisters of Charity of Quebec Home Page
1574:Sisters of Charity of Ottawa Home Page
1452:Grey Nuns of the Sacred Heart mission.
1440:Alberta Heritage article on Grey Nuns.
1344:
1342:
1340:
356:Shubenacadie Indian Residential School
655:. In March 2013, the Mother House in
635:and belong to a congregation, not an
454:Sisters of Charity of Saint-Hyacinthe
378:(Turquetil Hall) Residential School.
260:Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate
7:
2164:Catholic female orders and societies
1373:Canadian Register of Historic Places
759:– via www.theglobeandmail.com.
532:Statue to the Grey Nuns, Quebec City
469:Saint Mary's Regional Medical Center
410:constitution, which was approved by
352:Assiniboia Indian Residential School
344:Qu'Appelle Indian Residential School
293:St. Anne's Indian Residential School
1886:National Historic Sites in Montreal
1871:Concordia University Netanyahu riot
1471:Peretz, Ingrid (24 December 2008).
1258:Hudson, Susan (13 September 2013).
1198:Hudson, Susan (13 September 2013).
623:Classification as religious sisters
414:on 30 July 1880. Besides the three
286:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
27:Canadian Roman Catholic institution
1247:, Fides Publishers, 1990, p. 67-68
1158:Dangerfield, Katie (1 June 2021).
332:ĂŽle-Ă -la-Crosse Residential School
163:The Sisters of Charity of Montreal
41:The Sisters of Charity of Montreal
25:
2159:History of Catholicism in Canada
1894:
1816:Montreal Metropolitan Commission
1796:Black Power movement in Montreal
938:Barrera, Jorge (29 March 2018).
560:national Historic Site of Canada
514:(1926), branched off from Ottawa
420:poverty, chastity, and obedience
321:Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation
2174:Organizations based in Montreal
1564:Grey Nuns of Montreal Home Page
1498:Peacock, Tom (27 August 2014).
374:Indian Residential School, and
342:(Youville) Residential School,
169:and more commonly known as the
1325:Grey Nuns ministries worldwide
1135:Barrera, Jorge (1 June 2018).
364:Blue Quills Residential School
1:
1396:. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
1351:. Retrieved 26 August 2008.
1304:Grey Nuns of the Sacred Heart
805:www.beckershospitalreview.com
617:Grey Nuns of the Sacred Heart
475:Grey Nuns of the Sacred Heart
1851:École Polytechnique massacre
601:Grey Nuns Community Hospital
1454:Retrieved 26 August 2008.
1334:. Retrieved 26 August 2008.
940:"The horrors of St. Anne's"
704:. Retrieved 26 August 2008.
507:the Grey Nuns of the Cross
284:by the final report of the
195:Marie-Marguerite d'Youville
2200:
2184:History of women in Canada
1801:Sir George Williams affair
1420:Retrieved 26 August 2008.
1376:. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
256:Indian Residential Schools
192:
32:Grey Nuns (disambiguation)
29:
1892:
1746:Burning of the Parliament
1504:Concordia University News
1442:Retrieved 26 August 2008.
1408:Retrieved 26 August 2008.
1274:– via Google Books.
1233:Retrieved 26 August 2008.
1214:– via Google Books.
554:Nuns changed focus. The
317:Mikisew Cree First Nation
46:
1821:Montreal Urban Community
1716:Capitulation of Montreal
226:Catholic Health Partners
1876:Dawson College shooting
1691:Great Peace of Montreal
677:Covenant Health Systems
244:Covenant Health Systems
240:Covenant Health Systems
72:Religious organizations
1676:Saint-Sulpice Seminary
1661:Notre-Dame de Montréal
1424:2 October 2013 at the
1243:Gagnon, Claude-Marie.
837:www.covenanthealth.net
700:27 August 2006 at the
541:
533:
484:
446:, on the shore of the
439:
204:
52:
1881:2012 student movement
1230:Canadian Encyclopedia
564:Grey Nuns Motherhouse
539:
531:
494:Yardley, Pennsylvania
482:
433:
325:University of Alberta
202:
193:Further information:
183:Marguerite d'Youville
181:, founded in 1737 by
171:Grey Nuns of Montreal
51:
1841:1976 Summer Olympics
1836:Gargantua bar attack
1681:Battle of Long Sault
1666:Governor of Montreal
1023:. The Canadian Press
990:McDermott, Vincent.
661:Concordia University
572:Concordia University
362:Residential School,
350:Residential School,
303:), where a homemade
30:For other uses, see
2169:History of Montreal
1913:Pre-European period
1826:Blue Bird Café fire
1786:St. Lawrence Seaway
1721:American occupation
1635:History of Montreal
1368:Grey Nuns' Hospital
1184:. 4 September 2014.
996:Fort McMurray Today
781:on 15 November 2015
773:Healthy Living News
593:St. Paul's Hospital
556:Grey Nuns' Hospital
366:, the residence at
232:St. Joseph Hospital
175:religious institute
43:
1856:Sex Garage protest
1766:Golden Square Mile
1751:Great Fire of 1852
1726:North West Company
1477:The Globe and Mail
1458:9 May 2008 at the
1355:9 May 2008 at the
1306:. 4 September 2014
757:The Globe and Mail
732:on 4 February 2017
631:, as they are not
542:
534:
490:D'Youville College
485:
440:
426:Sister communities
376:Chesterfield Inlet
205:
177:of Roman Catholic
165:, formerly called
132:Official language
53:
2131:
2130:
1539:978-0-7725-5294-5
1330:1 August 2012 at
657:downtown Montreal
629:religious sisters
282:cultural genocide
185:, a young widow.
179:religious sisters
160:
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16:(Redirected from
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1806:Murray-Hill riot
1771:Oldest buildings
1731:Bank of Montreal
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1139:. CBC News
942:. CBC News
736:2 February
683:References
633:cloistered
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368:Fort Smith
340:St. Albert
1701:Grey Nuns
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578:Shelters
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113:, Quebec
111:Montreal
104:Location
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315:. The
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