224:, divided in half between the hauler and carriage. This price was high compared to a normal truck (50,000–60,000 marks), but was cheaper than an AT-S tracked cannon hauler (130,000 marks). Nevertheless, only a small number of vehicles and cannons were ordered with the Nemo system - 13 Nemo-compatible Sisu AH-45 lorries in 1970. At the same time the Nemo transmission was mounted on howitzer 152 H 38, field cannon 130 K 54 and 122 K 60; the latter one was with a tandem axle. One artillery battalion was armed with Nemo-driven 130 K 54 cannons. In 1976 the Defence Forces took a delivery of 14 more Sisu AH-45's and next year followed a batch of 13 vehicles more. Eventually, the Defence Forces had three artillery battalions motorised by Nemo-compatible Sisu's.
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trailers. In addition to improved off-road performance the system had other benefits; a trailer with a driven front axle could be driven on the lorry platform for transition and set down when the place of loading was reached. When full laden, the Nemo could be used to assist on steep uphills: in case
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during summer 1967, with the KB-45 hauling an SAT-produced trailer. The KB-45 had a weight of 6,490 kg and traction of 48,000 Nm; the trailer weighed 5,220 kg and delivered 30,000 Nm; the combination produced 72,000 Nm. The effect of the tyre size was not considered. Later the system was
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coupled with a three-axle carriage powered by a separate aggregate-run pump. The test proved even these trucks, not designed for off-road use, could haul heavy cannons in rough terrain using the Nemo system. During the trials it was observed that the trailers even pushed their haulers forward.
73:. However, Louhio didn't give up and in 1959 a team was set up to develop the concept. The members were Louhio, Pentti Tarvainen, Antti Saarialho and Lasse Airola; in addition, dozens of people from different departments took part in the development work. A number of
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the driver had to gear down, he could switch on the hydraulic drive that was powered directly by the engine, and use clutch and change the gear without risk that the vehicle would stop going. Nemo systems were available for example for
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is generally not required. Due to the large number (40) of piston movements per rotation, the torque is also smooth. If the pistons are all withdrawn into the hub, the rollers are not in contact with the cam ring, and the wheel can
108:. As the pistons expand in turn, the rollers force the ring to rotate, a full rotation occurring after 8 strokes from each piston. The hub consists of a distribution valve that adjusts the flow in and out of each cylinder. A
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Corporation and the company was renamed Metso
Hydraulics in 2001. In 2003 Metso sold the unit to Sampo Rosenlew and it got again a new name, Sampo Hydraulics. The motors are currently produced under brand
267:. Serial production began in 1963. In 1973 the company made a decision to transfer the Nemo production to another organisation. SAT founded a separate company Nesco Oy jointly with
69:. The operating principle was so simple, that when Louhio presented his invention to the technical department and company management, he was not taken seriously; the answer was
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trailer prototype equipped with Nemo driven posterior axle; the brakes were built into the fore axle. The motors were built in a such manner that the trailer had an extra high
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cannons was equipped with a tandem axle driven by the Nemo transmission system. This was tested with single wheels at first but later double wheels were used. The hauler was a
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The system also contains a twin pump unit attached to the free end of the towing vehicle engine. One of the elements can be bypassed, which halves the transmission ratio.
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where it shared the premises with
Multilift demountable skip factory. Production was sold to Partek in 1977. Later the Nemo's were produced in
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were built and put through intense testing before the design was ready for production. The first field test took place in autumn 1960, with a
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transmission, mining train transmission, telescopic crane extractor motor, mobile portal crane transmission and a ferry wire winding motor.
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Equipping all the cannons and most of the haulers with Nemo was conceivable. In 1968 the price of Nemo was 30,000
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The first Nemo applications for vehicles to be used on roads came in 1963–1964. Nemo was successfully tested in
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pulling a hydraulically driven trailer. A patent was granted for the invention in
January 1961, which was named
104:, whose pistons end in rollers that in turn press outward against a ring whose inner profile consists of eight
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A number of applications were designed for machinery and industrial use; these include rear-wheel drive of an
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gear works from which it was moved on to Valmet
Hydraulics Oy in Jyskä. Valmet became later a part of
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435:. Ajoneuvot Suomessa (in Finnish). Vol. 4 (2. ed.). Tampere: Apali Oy. pp. 178–181.
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with a hydraulic system mounted on the front end and the oil container installed between the
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53:. A number of other applications have been designated for various industrial applications.
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Technical description about the Sisu Nemo system (US pat no 4 445 423); pdf
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may be integrated with the motor and the combined unit fitted into a 20-inch
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at low speed and it has been primarily used to power both civil and military
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Finnish Sisu since 1931 – From multi-industrial expert to lorry factory
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Suomalaista Sisua vuodesta 1931 – Monialaosaajasta kuorma-autotehtaaksi
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271:(40%) and investment fund Sponsor (20%). The production was moved to
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71:"if that would work, someone would have invented it for long ago"
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Operating principle of the further developed Black Bruin motor
333:] (in Finnish). Karis: Oy Sisu Auto Ab. pp. 319–324.
177:. The number of suitable haulers was so small that in case of
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Despite its small size, the system can deliver 8,000–10,000
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tested with a Sisu K-141 4Ă—2 together with a field cannon
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Mäkipirtti, Markku (2011). "Sisu nestemoottori (Nemo)".
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325:Blomberg, Olli (2006). "Vuosisadan keksintö...".
291:The Kelsey-Hayes Company produced the Nemo under
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403:Motor Vehicles of the Defence Forces 1960–2000
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399:Puolustusvoimien moottoriajoneuvot 1960–2000
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31:type developed and initially produced by
405:] (in Finnish). Tampere: Apali Oy.
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259:The first motors were produced in the
20:Schematic view on Sisu Nemo structure.
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65:Ilmari Louhio who worked in SAT as
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199:and platform. This was tested in
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61:The idea of the motor came from
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728:(tracked articulated vehicle)
29:hydraulic radial piston motor
465:Sectional view on Sisu Nemo
397:Mäkipirtti, Markku (2006).
186:Tampella 122 K 60
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161:and K-142 logging trucks.
42:The motor produces a high
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263:that was located then in
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239:Industrial applications
171:Finnish Defence Forces
35:(SAT). The system was
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808:Sisu Terminal Systems
33:Suomen Autoteollisuus
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832:at Wikimedia Commons
855:Hydraulic actuators
184:In 1965 one of new
102:hydraulic cylinders
96:Operating principle
813:Vanajan Autotehdas
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368:. Sampo Hydraulics
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366:Black Bruin
295:in the US.
286:Black Bruin
201:Santahamina
155:Sisu KB-117
57:Development
844:Categories
803:Sisu Axles
611:Karia HM V
372:2014-04-22
299:References
255:Production
229:ammunition
190:Sisu KB-45
173:had 1,800
110:drum brake
75:prototypes
850:Sisu Auto
830:Sisu Auto
732:RA-140 DS
506:Sisu Auto
362:"History"
269:Multilift
249:excavator
212:KK-69 ET
130:freewheel
39:in 1961.
25:Sisu Nemo
657:variants
631:Military
520:Civilian
513:Vehicles
265:Helsinki
51:trailers
37:patented
619:(motor)
293:licence
273:Iisalmi
88:, from
82:tractor
710:SA-240
705:SA-150
700:SA-110
668:Trucks
613:(tram)
570:KB-124
565:KB-112
560:K-50SS
548:Trucks
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277:Valmet
210:Vanaja
44:torque
719:Other
695:KB-46
690:KB-45
685:E13TP
675:A2045
604:Other
590:R-141
585:Polar
580:M-161
575:KB-24
534:S-321
527:Buses
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281:Metso
197:cabin
159:M-162
48:lorry
27:is a
726:Nasu
680:A-45
652:Pasi
639:APCs
617:Nemo
595:S-21
555:K-44
437:ISBN
433:Sisu
407:ISBN
335:ISBN
208:and
106:cams
86:Nemo
647:GTP
539:SWS
214:6Ă—6
114:rim
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
