130:
20:
147:
Some individual three-toed sloths have been recorded carrying more than 120 moths in their fur. Two-toed sloths are recorded as harbouring lower populations. Several different moth species may coexist on the same host animal.
129:
122:
spp., spend their lives as adults in the fur of sloths, particularly the three-toed species, except when the sloths descend to defecate and females fly to the sloth dung to
109:. Adult female moths leave the fur of the sloth to lay eggs in the sloth droppings when the sloth descends, once a week, to the forest floor to defecate. The larvae of
144:
Sloth moths are thought to get nutrients from the secretions of the sloths' skin and the algae present on the fur, as well as protection from avian predators.
126:. An imbalance in population sex ratios favouring males has been noticed and surmised as female moths not making it back to host sloths after ovipositing.
245:"Two new species of moths (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Chrysauginae) associated with the three-toed sloth (Bradypus spp.) in South America"
157:
427:
432:
368:
Pauli, Jonathan N.; Mendoza, Jorge E.; Steffan, Shawn A.; Carey, Cayelan C.; Weimer, Paul J.; Peery, M. Zachariah (2014).
188:"Sloth biology: an update on their physiological ecology, behavior and role as vectors of arthropods and arboviruses"
93:) have evolved to inhabit sloth fur exclusively. Typically, sloth moths follow a life-style broadly on the lines of
113:
live in the dung and newly emerged moths later fly from the dung pile into the forest canopy to find a host sloth.
313:
Waage, Jeffrey K.; Montgomery, G. Gene (1976). "Cryptoses choloepi: A Coprophagous Moth That Lives on a Sloth".
47:
286:
Rau, P (1941). "Observations on certain lepidopterous and hymenopterous parasites of
Polistes wasps".
322:
65:
422:
133:
105:
71:
23:
346:
95:
53:
45:
and to use sloth dung as a substrate for the early stages of reproduction. Sloth moths include
401:
338:
220:
212:
391:
381:
330:
295:
259:
202:
59:
244:
437:
326:
396:
369:
416:
350:
207:
90:
35:
19:
334:
187:
264:
79:
216:
299:
118:
100:
87:
83:
405:
386:
342:
224:
123:
103:
family that lives exclusively in the fur of the brown three-toed sloth
128:
42:
18:
38:
370:"A syndrome of mutualism reinforces the lifestyle of a sloth"
186:
Gilmore, D. P.; Da Costa, C. P.; Duarte, D. P. F. (2001).
181:
179:
177:
175:
173:
195:
Brazilian
Journal of Medical and Biological Research
41:
which has evolved to exclusively inhabit the fur of
288:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
8:
395:
385:
263:
238:
236:
234:
206:
169:
7:
374:Proceedings of the Royal Society B
78:Certain lepidopteran moths of the
14:
158:Arthropods associated with sloths
208:10.1590/S0100-879X2001000100002
106:Bradypus variegatus infuscatus
1:
335:10.1126/science.193.4248.157
265:10.1590/1809-43921982123649
201:(1). Ribeirão Preto: 9–25.
116:Chrysaugine moths, such as
454:
26:, a species of sloth moth.
243:Bradley, J. D. (1982).
428:Moths of South America
387:10.1098/rspb.2013.3006
141:
27:
300:10.1093/aesa/34.2.355
132:
48:Bradypodicola hahneli
22:
433:Coprophagous insects
138:Bradypus tridactylus
66:Cryptoses rufipictus
327:1976Sci...193..157W
134:Pale-throated sloth
72:Bradypophila garbei
24:Bradypophila garbei
380:(1778): 20133006.
294:(2): 355–366(12).
142:
111:Cryptoses choloepi
96:Cryptoses choloepi
54:Cryptoses choloepi
28:
321:(4248): 157–158.
445:
409:
399:
389:
355:
354:
310:
304:
303:
283:
277:
276:
274:
272:
267:
249:
240:
229:
228:
210:
192:
183:
99:, a moth in the
60:Cryptoses waagei
453:
452:
448:
447:
446:
444:
443:
442:
413:
412:
367:
364:
362:Further reading
359:
358:
312:
311:
307:
285:
284:
280:
270:
268:
247:
242:
241:
232:
190:
185:
184:
171:
166:
154:
17:
12:
11:
5:
451:
449:
441:
440:
435:
430:
425:
415:
414:
411:
410:
363:
360:
357:
356:
305:
278:
258:(3): 649–656.
252:Acta Amazonica
230:
168:
167:
165:
162:
161:
160:
153:
150:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
450:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
420:
418:
407:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
365:
361:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
309:
306:
301:
297:
293:
289:
282:
279:
266:
261:
257:
253:
246:
239:
237:
235:
231:
226:
222:
218:
214:
209:
204:
200:
196:
189:
182:
180:
178:
176:
174:
170:
163:
159:
156:
155:
151:
149:
145:
139:
135:
131:
127:
125:
121:
120:
114:
112:
108:
107:
102:
98:
97:
92:
89:
85:
81:
76:
74:
73:
68:
67:
62:
61:
56:
55:
50:
49:
44:
40:
37:
33:
25:
21:
377:
373:
318:
314:
308:
291:
287:
281:
269:. Retrieved
255:
251:
198:
194:
146:
143:
137:
117:
115:
110:
104:
94:
91:Chrysauginae
77:
70:
64:
58:
52:
46:
36:coprophagous
31:
29:
16:Type of moth
271:15 February
423:Pyraloidea
417:Categories
164:References
101:snout moth
80:snout moth
32:sloth moth
217:1678-4510
119:Cryptoses
88:subfamily
84:Pyralidae
406:24452028
351:32766454
343:17759254
225:11151024
152:See also
124:oviposit
86:(namely
397:3906947
323:Bibcode
315:Science
82:family
438:Sloths
404:
394:
349:
341:
223:
215:
69:, and
43:sloths
347:S2CID
248:(PDF)
191:(PDF)
34:is a
402:PMID
339:PMID
273:2011
221:PMID
213:ISSN
39:moth
392:PMC
382:doi
378:281
331:doi
319:193
296:doi
260:doi
203:doi
419::
400:.
390:.
376:.
372:.
345:.
337:.
329:.
317:.
292:34
290:.
256:12
254:.
250:.
233:^
219:.
211:.
199:34
197:.
193:.
172:^
75:.
63:,
57:,
51:,
30:A
408:.
384::
353:.
333::
325::
302:.
298::
275:.
262::
227:.
205::
140:)
136:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
