52:). This perspective assumes the development of identities through psychological commitments to social institutions in the form of social roles, which offer rewards (and foster expectations of rewards) for displaying "adult" personality traits, which - through reinforcement - promote durable changes in personality traits. Since the emergence of social investment theory, it has received support through cross-cultural studies and studies of first long-term romantic relationships, although e.g. studies on parenthood have rejected it.
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over time are driven by changes in persons' commitments to social roles and institutions. For instance, young adults may undertake efforts to be "more socially dominant, agreeable, conscientious, and less neurotic" in order to establish their careers or families; in so far as society rewards these
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Since the late 1990s, there has been substantial scientific evidence that personality traits continue to change after childhood, especially during young adulthood. Generally, personality traits converge towards more
48:, etc. – have emerged to explain these changes. Social investment theory argues that such changes in personality traits is due to the establishment of individuals' own social lives into which they invest (
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van
Scheppingen, Manon A.; Jackson, Joshua J.; Specht, Jule; Hutteman, Roos; Denissen, Jaap J. A.; Bleidorn, Wiebke (2016).
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Bleidorn, Wiebke; Klimstra, Theo A.; Denissen, Jaap J. A.; Rentfrow, Peter J.; Potter, Jeff; Gosling, Samuel D. (2013).
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95:"The growing evidence for personality change in adulthood: Findings from research with personality inventories"
220:"Personality Trait Development During the Transition to Parenthood: A Test of Social Investment Theory"
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263:"Evaluating Five Factor Theory and social investment perspectives on personality trait development"
134:"Personality Maturation Around the World: A Cross-Cultural Examination of Social-Investment Theory"
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181:"Long-Term Effects of Social Investment: The Case of Partnering in Young Adulthood"
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Helson, Ravenna; Kwan, Virginia S.Y.; John, Oliver P.; Jones, Constance (2002).
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269:. Proceedings of the Association for Research in Personality.
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Lehnart, Judith; Neyer, Franz J.; Eccles, Jacquelynne (2010).
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Roberts, Brent W.; Wood, Dustin; Smith, Jennifer L. (2005).
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efforts, the related personality traits are reinforced.
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44:. Several theories – social investment theory,
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224:Social Psychological and Personality Science
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23:theory that claims that changes in
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99:Journal of Research in Personality
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197:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00629.x
81:Roberts, Wood & Smith 2005
69:Roberts, Wood & Smith 2005
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111:10.1016/s0092-6566(02)00010-7
50:social investment principle
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279:10.1016/j.jrp.2004.08.002
236:10.1177/1948550616630032
150:10.1177/0956797613498396
17:Social investment theory
304:Psychological theories
185:Journal of Personality
138:Psychological Science
42:emotional stability
46:Five Factor Theory
25:personality traits
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