Soft drink - Knowledge (XXG)

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competitive venues (a la carte cafeteria sales, vending machines, and stores/snack bars/carts), on the availability of unhealthy drinks at schools and student consumption. The study analyzed state- and school district-level policies mandating soda bans and found that state bans were associated with significantly lower school soda availability but district bans showed no significant associations. In addition, no significant correlation was observed between state policies and student consumption. Among student populations, state policy was directly associated with significantly lower school soda availability and indirectly associated with lower student consumption. The same was not observed for other student populations.

1509:, and that allowing soft drink sales in schools encourages children to believe they are safe to consume in moderate to large quantities. Opponents also argue that schools have a responsibility to look after the health of the children in their care, and that allowing children easy access to soft drinks violates that responsibility. Vending machine proponents believe that obesity is a complex issue and soft drinks are not the only cause. A 2011 bill to tax soft drinks in California failed, with some opposing lawmakers arguing that parents—not the government—should be responsible for children's drink choices. 589: 1582:(effective in 2014) that mandates schools that receive federal funding must offer healthy snacks and drinks to students. The act bans the selling of soft drinks to students and requires schools to provide healthier options such as water, unflavored low-fat milk, 100% fruit and vegetable drinks or sugar-free carbonated drinks. The portion sizes available to students will be based on age: eight ounces for elementary schools, twelve ounces for middle and high schools. Proponents of the act predict the new mandate it will make it easier for students to make healthy drink choices while at school. 1555:. Due to district budget cuts and loss in state funding, many school districts allow commercial businesses to market and advertise their product (including junk food and soda) to public school students for additional revenue. Junk food and soda companies have acquired exclusive rights to vending machines throughout many public school campuses. Opponents of corporate marketing and advertising on school grounds urge school officials to restrict or limit a corporation's power to promote, market, and sell their product to school students. In the 1970s, the Supreme Court ruled that 1093: 766: 1133: 891: 1668: 4917: 1004: 4675: 40: 4649: 6035: 6025: 4927: 1326: 496: 840: 4663: 1169: 1261: 4686: 644:"Within a decade, inventors in Britain and in Europe had taken Priestley's basic idea—get some "fixed air," mix it with water, shake—and created contraptions that could make carbonated water more quickly, in greater quantities. One of those inventors was named Johann Jacob Schweppe, who sold bottled soda water and whose business is still around today." 1575:", to some degree is protected under the First Amendment. To avoid a First Amendment challenge by corporations, public schools could create contracts that restrict the sale of certain product and advertising. Public schools can also ban the selling of all food and drink products on campus, while not infringing on a corporation's right to free speech. 1612:, and its harmful impact on overall health. Some speculate that higher taxes could help reduce soda consumption. Others say that taxes should help fund education to increase consumer awareness of the unhealthy effects of excessive soft drink consumption, and also help cover costs of caring for conditions resulting from overconsumption. The 512: 887:

from blocking the neck as the drink was poured. R. White's, by now the biggest soft drinks company in London and south-east England, featured a wide range of drinks on their price list in 1887, all of which were sold in Codd's glass bottles, with choices including strawberry soda, raspberry soda, cherryade and cream soda.

1074:. Modern drinks introduce carbon dioxide for carbonation, but there is some speculation that alcohol might result from fermentation of sugars in a non-sterile environment. A small amount of alcohol is introduced in some soft drinks where alcohol is used in the preparation of the flavoring extracts such as 1648:

proposed to ban the sale of non-diet soft drinks larger than 16 ounces, except in convenience stores and supermarkets. A lawsuit against the ban was upheld by a state judge, who voiced concerns that the ban was "fraught with arbitrary and capricious consequences". Bloomberg announced that he would be

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of New York City and John Lippincott of Philadelphia began manufacturing soda fountains. Both men were successful and built large factories for fabricating fountains. Due to problems in the U.S. glass industry, bottled drinks remained a small portion of the market throughout much of the 19th century.

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A 2006 study of several thousand men and women, found that women who regularly drank cola-based sodas (three or more a day) had significantly lower bone mineral density (BMD) of about 4% in the hip compared to women who did not consume colas. The study found that the effect of regular consumption of

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Per capita consumption of soda varies considerably around the world. As of 2014, the top consuming countries per capita were Argentina, the United States, Chile, and Mexico. Developed countries in Europe and elsewhere in the Americas had considerably lower consumption. Annual average consumption in

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Of most importance is that the ingredient meets the agreed specification on all major parameters. This is not only the functional parameter (in other words, the level of the major constituent), but the level of impurities, the microbiological status, and physical parameters such as color, particle

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In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the term "fizzy drink" is common. "Pop" and "fizzy pop" are used in Northern England, South Wales, and the Midlands while "mineral" is used in Ireland. In Scotland, "fizzy juice" or even simply "juice" is colloquially encountered, as is "ginger". In Australia and

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on regular soda policies and their effect on school drink availability and student consumption. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a program beginning in the 2014–2015 school year that requires schools participating in federally reimbursable meal programs to remove all

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in the neck. The bottles were filled upside down, and pressure of the gas in the bottle forced the marble against the washer, sealing in the carbonation. The bottle was pinched into a special shape to provide a chamber into which the marble was pushed to open the bottle. This prevented the marble

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Dialect Survey tracked the usage of the nine most common names. Over half of the survey respondents preferred the term "soda", which was dominant in the Northeastern United States, California, and the areas surrounding Milwaukee and St. Louis. The term "pop", which was preferred by 25% of the

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found that from 2003 to 2014 the proportion of Americans who drank a sugary beverage on a given day fell from approximately 62% to 50% for adults, and from 80% to 61% for children. The decrease has been attributed to, among other factors, an increased awareness of the dangers of obesity, and

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regarding the "First Amendment Implications of Restricting Food and Beverages Marketing in Schools". The article examines a school district's policy regarding limiting the sale and marketing of soda in public schools, and how certain policies can invoke a violation of the

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called for the price of sugary fizzy drinks to be increased, with the money raised (an estimated £1 billion at 20p per litre) to be put towards a "Children's Future Fund", overseen by an independent body, which would encourage children to eat healthily in school.

1539:, announced new minimum nutrition standards for school food. Among a wide range of measures, from September 2006, school lunches will be free from carbonated drinks. Schools will also end the sale of junk food (including carbonated drinks) in vending machines and 947:

In the early 20th century, sales of bottled soda increased greatly around the world, and in the second half of the 20th century, canned soft drinks became an important share of the market. During the 1920s, "Home-Paks" were invented. "Home-Paks" are the familiar

753:" appeared in the late 1870s. It became one of the most popular soda fountain drinks from 1900 through the 1930s, with the lemon or orange phosphate being the most basic. The drink consists of 1 US fl oz (30 ml) fruit syrup, 1/2 teaspoon of 569:

when the pressure is released. The process usually involves injecting carbon dioxide under high pressure. When the pressure is removed, the carbon dioxide is released from the solution as small bubbles, which causes the solution to become effervescent, or fizzy.

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Soft drinks soon outgrew their origins in the medical world and became a widely consumed product, available cheaply for the masses. By the 1840s, there were more than fifty soft drink manufacturers in London, an increase from just ten in the 1820s. Carbonated

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In 2017, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and the Kingdom of Bahrain imposed a 50% tax on soft drinks and a 100% tax on energy drinks to curb excess consumption of the commodity and for additional revenue.

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Some soft drinks contain measurable amounts of alcohol. In some older preparations, this resulted from natural fermentation used to build the carbonation. In the United States, soft drinks (as well as other products such as

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In recent years, soda consumption has generally declined in the West. According to one estimate, per capita consumption in the United States reached its peak in 1998 and has continually fallen since. A study in the journal

517: 2204: 1310:—a trend that was paralleled by doubling the prevalence of obesity. The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with weight and obesity, and changes in consumption can help predict changes in weight. 3200:"Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice and incidence of type 2 diabetes: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimation of population attributable fraction" 2128: 2575: 2789: 668:

invented a generating apparatus that made carbonated water from chalk by the use of sulfuric acid. Bergman's apparatus allowed imitation mineral water to be produced in large amounts. Swedish chemist

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are under great pressure from the gas, so inventors tried to find the best way to prevent the carbon dioxide or bubbles from escaping. The bottles could also explode if the pressure was too great.

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also began to appear in the 1920s. Since then, soft drink vending machines have become increasingly popular. Both hot and cold drinks are sold in these self-service machines throughout the world.

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and Africa. As the quinine powder was so bitter people began mixing the powder with soda and sugar, and a basic tonic water was created. The first commercial tonic water was produced in 1858. The

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machine for the automatic production of glass bottles. Earlier glass bottles had all been hand-blown. Four years later, the new bottle-blowing machine was in operation. It was first operated by

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from Manchester, was the first to sell artificial mineral water to the general public for medicinal purposes, beginning in the 1770s. His recipe for 'Bewley's Mephitic Julep' consisted of 3

2097: 1290:. A few experimental studies reported the role sugar-sweetened soft drinks potentially contribute to these ailments, though other studies show conflicting information. According to a 2013 2635: 2408: 2664: 4508: 4409: 485:

of Paris was granted a monopoly for the sale of lemonade soft drinks in 1676. Vendors carried tanks of lemonade on their backs and dispensed cups of the soft drink to Parisians.

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Soft drinks are made by mixing dry or fresh ingredients with water. Production of soft drinks can be done at factories or at home. Soft drinks can be made at home by mixing a

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Priestley found that water treated in this manner had a pleasant taste, and he offered it to his friends as a refreshing drink. In 1772, Priestley published a paper entitled

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first discovered a method of infusing water with carbon dioxide to make carbonated water when he suspended a bowl of distilled water above a beer vat at a local brewery in

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right after drinking soft drinks should be avoided as this can result in additional erosion to the teeth due to mechanical action of the toothbrush on weakened enamel.

933:. He used a Nooth apparatus to produce his waters. Businessmen in Philadelphia and New York City also began selling soda water in the early 19th century. In the 1830s, 2120: 906:, a Baltimore, Maryland machine shop operator. It was the first bottle top to successfully keep the bubbles in the bottle. In 1899, the first patent was issued for a 725:. published in 1809. The drinking of either natural or artificial mineral water was considered at the time to be a healthy practice, and was promoted by advocates of 3885: 4530: 1445:. As of 2006, the FDA stated its belief that "the levels of benzene found in soft drinks and other beverages to date do not pose a safety concern for consumers". 516: 3541: 2579: 1438: 711: 378:

In other languages, various names are used: descriptive names as "non-alcoholic beverages", equivalents of "soda water", or generalized names. For example, the

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Marshall TA, Levy SM, Broffitt B, Warren JJ, Eichenberger-Gilmore JM, Burns TL, Stumbo PJ (2003). "Dental caries and beverage consumption in young children".

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should be allowed in schools has been on the rise. Opponents of the soft drink vending machines believe that soft drinks are a significant contributor to

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Brown, Catronia J.; Smith, Gay; Shaw, Linda; Parry, Jason; Smith, Anthony J. (March 2007). "The erosive potential of flavoured sparkling water drinks".

2067: 4616: 4044: 4357: 2820: 914:, an employee of Libby Glass Company. Within a few years, glass bottle production increased from 1,400 bottles a day to about 58,000 bottles a day. 702:

in 1783 to sell carbonated water, and relocated his business to London in 1792. His drink soon gained in popularity; among his newfound patrons was

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The term "soft drink" is a category in the beverage industry, and is broadly used in product labeling and on restaurant menus, generally a

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Phosphates, in Smith, Andrew. The Oxford companion to American food and drink. Oxford University Press US, 2007, ISBN 0-19-530796-8, p.451

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In the English-speaking parts of Canada, the term "pop" is prevalent, but "soft drink" is the most common English term used in Montreal.

195:. Containers come in a variety of sizes, ranging from small bottles to large multi-liter containers. Soft drinks are widely available at 5671: 2660: 2553: 2475: 2433:

Crandall, Philip; Chen, Chin Shu; Nagy, Steven; Perras, Georges; Buchel, Johannes A.; Riha, William (2000). "Beverages, nonalcoholic".

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The syrup-like concentrate lacked sugar and was sold to franchisees in such glass containers to produce the soft drink for retail sale.

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Carbonated beverages are prepared by mixing flavored syrup with carbonated water. Carbonation levels range up to 5 volumes of CO

5885: 5614: 5567: 4119: 2629: 2450: 2363: 944:, published in 1848, the caddish Huntingdon, recovering from months of debauchery, wakes at noon and gulps a bottle of soda-water.) 4628: 360:"coke", used by 12% of the respondents, was most popular in the Southern United States. The term "tonic" is distinctive to eastern 4157: 2750: 1649:

appealing the verdict. The state appellate courts upheld the trial court decision, and the ban remains unenforceable as of 2021.

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In a 2019 study of 451,743 Europeans, those who had a consumption of soft drinks of two or more a day, had a greater chance of

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The consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks can also be associated with many weight-related diseases, including diabetes,

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in London, Schweppes was designated the official drink supplier and sold over a million bottles of lemonade, ginger beer,

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must be less than 0.5% of the total volume of the drink in many countries and localities if the drink is to be considered

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and produce acids that may dissolve tooth enamel and induce dental decay, then sweetened drinks may increase the risk of

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A persistent problem in the soft drinks industry was the lack of an effective sealing of the bottles. Carbonated drink

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or dry ingredients with carbonated water, or by Lacto-fermentation. Syrups are commercially sold by companies such as

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in 1783 and began selling the world's first bottled soft drink. Soft drink brands founded in the 19th century include

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holds considerable clout in Washington, DC, as it has contributed more than $ 50 million to legislators since 2000.

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Bes-Rastrollo, Maira; Schulze, Matthias B.; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A. (December 31, 2013).

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than those who drank less than one per month. People who drank artificially sweetened drinks had a higher risk of

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as are many fruits, sauces, and other foods. Drinking acidic drinks over a long period and continuous sipping may

1219: 1198: 1183: 6038: 4096: 3156:"Prospective association of sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened beverage intake with risk of hypertension" 2150: 1415: 673: 585:, and related drinks are carbonated with 3.5 volumes. Other drinks, often fruity ones, are carbonated less. 234:

in 1767, inventors in Europe had used his concept to produce the drink in greater quantities. One such inventor,

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and soda-water. There was a Schweppes soda water fountain, situated directly at the entrance to the exhibition.

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of water, and the manufacture had to 'throw in streams of fixed air until all the alkaline taste is destroyed'.

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or by dropping dry ice into water. Food-grade carbon dioxide, used for carbonating drinks, often comes from

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as soda manufacturers increasingly target these markets and consumers have increasing discretionary income.

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Graff, S. K. (2008). "First Amendment Implications of Restricting Food and Beverage Marketing in Schools".

3442: 1368:. A 2007 study determined that some flavored sparkling waters are as erosive or more so than orange juice. 1092: 921:

were initially more popular, and many Americans would frequent the soda fountain daily. Beginning in 1806,

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It was not long before flavoring was combined with carbonated water. The earliest reference to carbonated

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Bassiouny MA, Yang J (2005). "Influence of drinking patterns of carbonated beverages on dental erosion".

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concluded that sugar-sweetened soft drinks consumption could be a potential risk factor for weight gain.

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In the United States, legislators, health experts and consumer advocates are considering levying higher

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levels in soft drinks, which tested 150 products and found that four contained benzene levels above the

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the United States, at 153.5 liters, was about twice that in the United Kingdom (77.7) or Canada (85.3).

691: 372: 357: 235: 5242: 1208: 664:, improved Priestley's design and sold his apparatus for commercial use in pharmacies. Swedish chemist 3810:"US FDA/CFSAN – Questions and Answers on the Occurrence of Benzene in Soft Drinks and Other Beverages" 2932: 1528:

announced new guidelines that will voluntarily remove high-calorie soft drinks from all U.S. schools.

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in 2013 concluded that consumption of soft drinks was associated with a 23% higher risk of developing

757:, and enough carbonated water and ice to fill a glass. This drink was commonly served in pharmacies. 672:

started to add flavors (spices, juices, and wine) to carbonated water in the late eighteenth century.

588: 6064: 5297: 5212: 5100: 4931: 3659:(2). British Paedodontic Society and the International Association of Dentistry for Children: 86–91. 2723: 911: 196: 90: 3962:"Large European Study Links Soda Consumption to Greater Risk of Mortality, Including From Parkinson" 1949: 300:. However, in many countries such drinks are more commonly referred to by regional names, including 5704: 5589: 5546: 4955: 4704: 883: 765: 726: 390:

dialects) uses "limonáda" for all such beverages, not only those made from lemons. Similarly, the

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to produce carbon dioxide gas and encouraging the gas to dissolve into an agitated bowl of water.

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Schweppes was founded in 1783 the world's first ever soft drink, Schweppes soda water, was born.

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At the same time, soda consumption has increased in some low- or middle-income countries such as

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In the late 18th century, scientists made important progress in replicating naturally carbonated

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as the drink does not come into as much contact with the teeth. It has also been suggested that

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remain the two largest producers of soft drinks in most regions of the world. In North America,

2960:"Impact of sugars and sugar taxation on body weight control: A comprehensive literature review" 470:, 'water imperial' was widely drunk; it was a sweetened drink with lemon flavor and containing 5895: 5761: 5676: 5150: 4866: 4809: 4478: 4335: 4286: 3942: 3866: 3765: 3695: 3668: 3625: 3590: 3515: 3462: 3423: 3405: 3352: 3311: 3270: 3229: 3177: 3136: 3095: 3041: 2989: 2981: 2912: 2851: 2625: 2543: 2446: 2359: 2349: 2041: 2023: 1645: 1572: 1513: 1502: 1442: 1291: 1071: 984: 971: 926: 791: 661: 204: 137: 2537: 2467: 5959: 5801: 5723: 5357: 5155: 4830: 4804: 4621: 4468: 4458: 4448: 4325: 4317: 4276: 4268: 4188: 3932: 3924: 3916: 3856: 3848: 3755: 3660: 3617: 3580: 3505: 3454: 3413: 3395: 3342: 3301: 3260: 3219: 3211: 3167: 3126: 3085: 3077: 3031: 3023: 2971: 2692: 2438: 2202:"Coca-Cola Amatil admits cutting back on sugar as attitudes change on health and investment" 2031: 2013: 1752: 1599: 1112: 1067: 872: 844: 787: 605: 593: 536: 504: 231: 145: 106: 82: 4379: 4225: 3903:

Mullee, Amy; Romaguera, Dora; Pearson-Stuttard, Jonathan; et al. (September 3, 2019).

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invented in 1872 provided an effective seal, preventing the soft drinks from going 'flat'.

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uses "malinovka" ("raspberry water") for all such beverages, not only for raspberry ones.

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enacted a ban on sugary drinks, including notably Coca-Cola, but it was poorly enforced.

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Market control of the soft drink industry varies on a country-by-country basis. However,

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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

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in its commercial manufacture) is the major and defining component of most soft drinks.

481:, made of water and lemon juice sweetened with honey, but without carbonated water. The 474:. 'Manays Cryste' was a sweetened cordial flavored with rosewater, violets or cinnamon. 6028: 5952: 5947: 5905: 5869: 5664: 5639: 5531: 5521: 5489: 5352: 5322: 5257: 5140: 5054: 4995: 4981: 4948: 4678: 4330: 4305: 4281: 4256: 4149: 3937: 3861: 3836: 3418: 3383: 3306: 3289: 3224: 3199: 3198:

Imamura F, O'Connor L, Ye Z, Mursu J, Hayashino Y, Bhupathiraju SN, Forouhi NG (2015).

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New York in 1890. A street sign "SODA" is visible at the bottom left part of the image.

750: 738: 703: 632: 544: 500: 383: 263: 133: 4653: 4648: 3886:"It doesn't matter if it's sugary or diet: New study links all soda to an early death" 1023:; dry ingredients are often sold in pouches, in a style of the popular U.S. drink mix 6053: 5995: 5659: 5460: 5455: 5302: 5187: 5165: 5160: 5090: 4463: 4208: 3664: 1772: 1682: 1641: 1613: 1608:

on the sale of soft drinks and other sweetened products to help curb the epidemic of

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Bes-Rastrollo, M; Sayon-Orea, C; Ruiz-Canela, M; Martinez-Gonzalez, MA (July 2016).

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developed a process to manufacture bottled carbonated mineral water. He founded the

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The origins of soft drinks lie in the development of fruit-flavored drinks. In the

122: 4354:"USA Today, Experts: penny per ounce to fight obesity, health costs. Sept 18 2009" 1325: 495: 4272: 4257:"Regular soda policies, school availability, and high school student consumption" 3708:"Saved By A Straw? Sipping Soft Drinks And Other Beverages Reduces Risk Of Decay" 3458: 3400: 565:. Carbon dioxide is only weakly soluble in water; therefore, it separates into a 344:. Due to the high sugar content in typical soft drinks, they may also be called 6000: 5920: 5910: 5827: 5817: 5756: 5577: 5514: 5419: 5404: 5367: 5307: 5287: 5273: 5247: 5222: 5175: 5145: 5105: 5085: 5080: 5049: 4799: 4794: 4772: 4383: 4304:

Duffey KJ, Gordon-Larsen P, Shikany JM, Guilkey D, Jacobs DR, Popkin BM (2010).

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Terry-McElrath YM, Chriqui JF, O'Malley PM, Chaloupka FJ, Johnston LD (2015).

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respondents, was most popular in the Midwest and Pacific Northwest, while the

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In 2022, amidst soaring rates of obesity and diabetes, the Mexican state of

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and was consumed by British officials stationed in the tropical areas of

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was widely available in British refreshment stalls in 1833, and in 1845,

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of systematic reviews, 83.3% of the systematic reviews without reported

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The over-consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks is associated with

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if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and

1104: 1036: 992: 814: 806: 387: 379: 275: 259: 4088: 3215: 2976: 2959: 2158: 1569:

Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council

5937: 5925: 5397: 5342: 5015: 1942:"105. What is your generic term for a sweetened carbonated beverage?" 1653: 1357:. The risk would be greater if the frequency of consumption is high. 949: 880: 876: 852: 699: 552: 451: 439: 406:, a variety of fruit-flavored soft drinks were widely drunk, such as 4066: 3742:

Tucker KL, Morita K, Qiao N, Hannan MT, Cupples LA, Kiel DP (2006).

3330: 3563:

Yoo S, Nicklas T, Baranowski T, Zakeri IF, Yang SJ, Srinivasan SR,

2319:"soft drink | Definition, History, Production, & Health Issues" 5382: 5317: 5207: 5132: 4971: 4181:

The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

3005: 3003: 1324: 1091: 1051: 1016: 1002: 988: 889: 838: 764: 685: 636: 609: 587: 510: 494: 443: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 267: 255: 94: 78: 63: 53: 38: 4015:"Issue 17: Debates from four states over selling soda in schools" 1567:

which should be regulated by the government. In the 1976 case of

524:

Carbonation moving through a drink, disturbing the ice in a glass

371:

New Zealand, "soft drink" or "fizzy drink" is typically used. In

4767: 4017:. Berkeley Media Studies Group. November 1, 2008. Archived from 3494:"Prevalence and trends in overweight among US adults, 1999–2000" 3492:

Flegal, K.M.; Carroll, M.D.; Ogden, C.L.; Johnson, C.L. (2002).

1585:

In 2015, Terry-McElarth and colleagues published a study in the

1425:

released its own test results of several soft drinks containing

1361: 1008: 582: 447: 311: 271: 153: 44: 4944: 4700: 4557:"A Look Back at Mike Bloomberg's Failed New York City Soda Ban" 4018: 2786:"Guess Which Country Has The Biggest Increase In Soda Drinking" 1497:

Since at least 2006, debate on whether high-calorie soft drink

801:

Mixer drinks became popular in the second half of the century.

5450: 4696: 4150:"Va. Pharmacy Bd. v. Va. Consumer Council 425 U.S. 748 (1976)" 1605: 1548:

Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

1162: 1126: 833: 566: 455: 113:), or some combination of these. Soft drinks may also contain 2813:"The epic collapse of American soda consumption in one chart" 1826:"What Is Meant By Alcohol-Free? | The Alcohol-Free Community" 612:, England. His invention of carbonated water (later known as 4497:"New York Soda Ban Struck Down, Bloomberg Promises Appeal – 2181:"Dictionaries of the Scots Language:: SND :: sndns1727" 863:

machine while working at a small mineral water works in the

710:

at the Holywell Spring in the Malvern Hills, and received a

4226:"Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act – Food and Nutrition Service" 2624:. Great Britain: Shire Publications Ltd. p. 8 and 11. 3534:"Get the Facts: Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Consumption" 1306:

From 1977 to 2002, Americans doubled their consumption of

183:. They are available in many container formats, including 2882:"CO2 shortage: Food industry calls for government action" 1512:

On May 3, 2006, the Alliance for a Healthier Generation,

3837:"Soda and other beverages and the risk of kidney stones" 2501:"Priestley 1772: Impregnating water with fixed air" 1437:. Five tested drinks contained benzene levels above the 596:

in his experiments on gases and the carbonation of water

230:

Within a decade of the invention of carbonated water by

4220: 4218: 2661:"Chester homeless charity teams up with lemonade brand" 1333:

Most soft drinks contain high concentrations of simple

1194: 3841:

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

3290:"Soft drinks and weight gain: how strong is the link?" 1546:

In 2008, Samantha K Graff published an article in the

128:

Soft drinks are called "soft" in contrast with "hard"

3835:

Ferraro PM, Taylor EN, Gambaro G, Curhan GC (2013).

410:, and were often sweetened with ingredients such as 5988: 5878: 5810: 5722: 5692: 5560: 5497: 5488: 5428: 5266: 5131: 5124: 5063: 4988: 4880: 4849: 4823: 4760: 4734: 4617:"After soda ban nutritionists say more can be done" 2933:"[myMasjid.com.my] Alcohol: In soft drinks" 2215:, September 11, 2015. Retrieved September 12, 2015. 1480:, and people who drank sugar-sweetened drinks with 4412:. Govtoday.co.uk. January 29, 2013. Archived from 3443:"Changes in beverage intake between 1977 and 2001" 2779: 2777: 1349:and other simple sugars. If oral bacteria ferment 4629:"Critics Say Soda Policy for Schools Lacks Teeth" 2090:"In Boston, the word 'tonic' gives way to 'soda'" 1578:On December 13, 2010, President Obama signed the 4605:"Beverage group: Pull soda from primary schools" 4410:"61 organisations call for a sugary drinks duty" 1571:, the Supreme Court ruled that advertising, or " 1119:also hold a significant amount of market share. 706:. In 1843, the Schweppes company commercialized 3064:Vartanian LR, Schwartz MB, Brownell KD (2007). 1007:A mid-20th century jug of bottler's flavor for 749:A variant of soda in the United States called " 649:"The great soda-water shake up" (October 2014) 642: 30:"Soda pop" redirects here. For other uses, see 27:Sweetened non-alcoholic drink, often carbonated 2495: 2493: 2468:"The discovery of oxygen and Joseph Priestley" 2435:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2351:Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia 1193:Please review the contents of the section and 4956: 4712: 4435:Backholer K, Blake M, Vandevijvere S (2017). 3786:. Food.gov.uk. March 31, 2006. Archived from 3653:International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2313: 2311: 1468:Mortality, circulatory and digestive diseases 1392:cola sodas was not significant on men's BMD. 77:for other names) is any water-based flavored 8: 4067:"Soda tax nixed in state assembly committee" 5777:Slavery in the British and French Caribbean 3498:Journal of the American Medical Association 3113:Woodward-Lopez G, Kao J, Ritchie L (2011). 2726:. Barking and District Historical Society. 2226:"Fizzy Drinks: Everything you need to know" 1070:) are allowed by law to contain up to 0.5% 5494: 5128: 4963: 4949: 4941: 4719: 4705: 4697: 3989:"Non-diet sodas to be pulled from schools" 3748:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 3573:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 3538:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 3016:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2909:Soft drink and fruit juice problems solved 2610: 2608: 2606: 1898: 1896: 1894: 1801:. United States Government. Archived from 462:, where the word "syrup" was derived from 288:Names for soft drinks in the United States 4472: 4462: 4452: 4329: 4280: 3936: 3860: 3759: 3737: 3735: 3584: 3509: 3417: 3399: 3346: 3305: 3264: 3223: 3171: 3130: 3089: 3035: 2975: 2844:"Americans Are Putting Down the Soda Pop" 2395: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2064:Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health 2035: 2017: 1935: 1933: 1931: 1329:Chilled soft drinks in a cooler in Brazil 938:(However, they were known in England. In 2539:Bar Book: Elements of cocktail technique 2286:"The Interesting History of Soft Drinks" 1799:"Electronic Code of Federal Regulations" 741:, fruit extracts, and other substances. 136:may be present in a soft drink, but the 4261:American Journal of Preventive Medicine 3995:from the original on September 15, 2020 3473:from the original on September 26, 2022 3447:American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2842:Bakalar, Nicholas (November 14, 2017). 2618:SOFT DRINKS – Their origins and history 2402:"SOFT DRINKS Their origins and history" 2236:from the original on September 11, 2021 1969: 1967: 1790: 1587:American Journal of Preventive Medicine 1410:published the results of its survey of 4742:List of brand name soft drink products 4236:from the original on February 15, 2017 4099:from the original on September 1, 2010 4077:from the original on October 10, 2012. 3960:Inserro, Allison (September 3, 2019). 3193: 3191: 2935:. Mail-archive.com. November 8, 2004. 2372:from the original on November 13, 2021 1828:. Alcoholfree.co.uk. January 8, 2012. 1733:List of brand name soft drink products 4360:from the original on October 17, 2009 4160:from the original on January 31, 2017 4089:"Alliance for a Healthier Generation" 3718:from the original on December 1, 2017 2730:from the original on October 26, 2021 2131:from the original on October 16, 2015 1876:from the original on October 29, 2021 1418:(WHO) guidelines for drinking water. 976:government efforts to improve diets. 535:are beverages that consist mainly of 477:Another early type of soft drink was 458:. Middle Eastern drinks later became 175:Soft drinks may be served cold, over 7: 4380:"Food and Beverage industry profile" 3967:The American Journal of Managed Care 3010:Malik VS, Schulze MB, Hu FB (2006). 2704:from the original on August 28, 2013 2667:from the original on October 8, 2017 2266:from the original on October 1, 2015 2000:Kregiel, Dorota (January 28, 2015). 1580:Healthy Hunger Free Kids Act of 2010 422:. Other common ingredients included 4511:from the original on March 27, 2013 4390:from the original on August 8, 2009 3884:Laura, Reiley (September 4, 2019). 3363:from the original on April 16, 2021 3160:Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases 2939:from the original on April 28, 2021 2862:from the original on March 26, 2021 2823:from the original on April 16, 2021 2792:from the original on April 27, 2019 2762:from the original on April 15, 2021 2478:from the original on March 28, 2020 2296:from the original on April 20, 2021 2100:from the original on August 1, 2015 1832:from the original on March 26, 2021 1317:, and cardiovascular risk factors. 1302:Obesity and weight-related diseases 1027:. Carbonated water is made using a 375:, "cool drink" is any soft drink. 254:in 1886. Subsequent brands include 4582:Busby, Mattha (November 4, 2022). 4563:from the original on July 22, 2021 4047:from the original on July 28, 2020 4041:"State's soda tax plan falls flat" 3784:"of benzene levels in soft drinks" 3544:from the original on June 23, 2021 2686:Raustiala, Kal (August 28, 2013). 2663:. Cheshire Live. October 8, 2017. 2641:from the original on March 4, 2016 2414:from the original on March 4, 2016 2070:from the original on July 10, 2022 1981:from the original on April 3, 2013 1916:from the original on June 24, 2022 1815:See §7.71, paragraphs (e) and (f). 25: 5886:Australian Aboriginal sweet foods 4982:List of sugars and sugar products 3991:. Associated Press. May 5, 2006. 3070:American Journal of Public Health 2888:from the original on May 23, 2021 2556:from the original on May 13, 2022 2329:from the original on June 2, 2021 1439:Environmental Protection Agency's 761:Mass market and industrialization 625:Impregnating Water with Fixed Air 364:, although its use is declining. 89:. Flavors used can be natural or 6034: 6033: 6024: 6023: 4926: 4925: 4915: 4684: 4673: 4661: 4647: 4043:. Daily Democrat. May 29, 2013. 3714:(Press release). June 17, 2005. 3665:10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00784.x 3441:Nielsen, S.; Popkin, B. (2004). 1666: 1360:A large number of soda pops are 1259: 1167: 1131: 786:went on sale in the UK. For the 316:. Other less-used terms include 85:, and typically including added 74: 3921:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2478 2911:. Woodhead Publishing Limited. 2576:"Heritage: Meet Jacob Schweppe" 2542:. Chronicle Books. p. 54. 1975:"Funny Irish Words and Phrases" 1904:"The great soda-water shake up" 627:in which he describes dripping 351:In the United States, the 2003 144:. Types of soft drinks include 4752:List of soft drinks by country 4322:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.545 3288:Wolff E, Dansinger ML (2008). 2784:Silver, Marc (June 19, 2015). 2536:Morgenthaler, Jeffrey (2014). 2466:Bellis, Mary (March 6, 2009). 2119:Hannay, Chris (May 18, 2012). 1743:List of soft drinks by country 1457:American Society of Nephrology 1195:add the appropriate references 81:, usually but not necessarily 1: 4652:The dictionary definition of 4310:Archives of Internal Medicine 3329:Trumbo PR, Rivers CR (2014). 2006:BioMed Research International 1693:Diet Coke and Mentos eruption 1531:On May 19, 2006, the British 1526:American Beverage Association 723:Practical Treatise on Brewing 4903:List of soft drink producers 4681:travel guide from Wikivoyage 4499:U.S. News & World Report 4273:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.10.022 3459:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.05.005 3401:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001578 3294:Medscape Journal of Medicine 3154:Kim, Y; Je, Y (April 2016). 2256:"Definition of "cool drink"" 1866:"Schweppes Holdings Limited" 1423:Food and Drug Administration 1406:In 2006, the United Kingdom 1088:List of soft drink producers 1623:In January 2013, a British 1180:reliable medical references 941:The Tenant of Wildfell Hall 6081: 5772:Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 5752:Demerara rebellion of 1823 5732:1811 German Coast uprising 5338:Non-centrifugal cane sugar 4747:List of soft drink flavors 3253:Nutrition Research Reviews 3173:10.1016/j.acvd.2015.10.005 2260:Collins English Dictionary 1977:. Grammar YourDictionary. 1738:List of soft drink flavors 1597: 1441:recommended standard of 5 1399: 1387:Bone density and bone loss 1085: 875:was designed to enclose a 769:An 1883 advertisement for 635:as it is now called) onto 503:float to the surface of a 460:popular in medieval Europe 285: 29: 6019: 4979: 4911: 4454:10.1017/s1368980017003329 3266:10.1017/S0954422408110976 3132:10.1017/S1368980010002375 2788:. National Public Radio. 2213:The Sydney Morning Herald 2207:October 16, 2015, at the 1453:A study published in the 1416:World Health Organization 1186:or relies too heavily on 1140:This section needs to be 871:, in London in 1870. His 483:Compagnie des Limonadiers 209:casual-dining restaurants 93:. The sweetener may be a 32:Soda pop (disambiguation) 5198:High-fructose corn syrup 4193:10.1177/0002716207308398 3511:10.1001/jama.288.14.1723 3082:10.2105/AJPH.2005.083782 2443:10.1002/14356007.a04_035 2230:www.lifeeducation.org.au 1455:Clinical Journal of the 99:high-fructose corn syrup 5747:Colonial molasses trade 5203:High-maltose corn syrup 4862:Dr Pepper Snapple Group 4441:Public Health Nutrition 4124:HealthierGeneration.org 4093:HealthierGeneration.org 3622:10.1542/peds.112.3.e184 3119:Public Health Nutrition 2688:"The Imperial Cocktail" 2348:Meri, Josef W. (2005). 1610:obesity among Americans 1478:cardiovascular diseases 1050:are often brewed using 1033:home carbonation system 125:and other ingredients. 6007:Pure, White and Deadly 5787:Sugar Duties Acts 1846 5693:By region (historical) 4666:Quotations related to 4356:. September 18, 2009. 3909:JAMA Internal Medicine 2884:. BBC. June 21, 2018. 2615:Emmins, Colin (1991). 1946:Harvard Dialect Survey 1402:Benzene in soft drinks 1366:erode the tooth enamel 1330: 1100: 1012: 931:New Haven, Connecticut 900:Crown Cork Bottle Seal 895: 848: 830:British colonial India 774: 714:from King William IV. 684:of fossil alkali to a 646: 604:. In 1767, Englishman 597: 525: 508: 66: 51: 5797:Taiwan Sugar Railways 5737:Amelioration Act 1798 4932:Category: Soft drinks 4857:The Coca-Cola Company 4559:. February 19, 2020. 4464:10536/DRO/DU:30105615 4386:. February 18, 2013. 3761:10.1093/ajcn/84.4.936 3586:10.1093/ajcn/80.4.841 3540:. February 27, 2017. 3028:10.1093/ajcn/84.2.274 2749:Brontë, Anne (1922). 2151:"The Best of British" 2066:. September 4, 2013. 1518:the Coca-Cola Company 1488:Government regulation 1408:Food Standards Agency 1328: 1109:the Coca-Cola Company 1095: 1086:Further information: 1006: 952:made from cardboard. 893: 842: 768: 692:Johann Jacob Schweppe 591: 523: 498: 373:South African English 358:genericized trademark 197:fast food restaurants 57: 42: 5476:Unrefined sweeteners 5298:Crystalline fructose 5213:Inverted sugar syrup 4693:at Wikimedia Commons 4416:on February 16, 2013 4130:on September 1, 2010 4071:ABC News Los Angeles 3853:10.2215/CJN.11661112 2907:Ashurst, P. (2009). 1375:is often advised by 1296:conflict of interest 929:sold soda waters in 925:chemistry professor 809:added to water as a 670:Jöns Jacob Berzelius 660:Another Englishman, 404:medieval Middle East 5561:By region (current) 5461:Sugar confectionery 4021:on October 12, 2013 3890:The Washington Post 3616:(3 Pt 1): e184–91. 2582:on October 12, 2018 2019:10.1155/2015/128697 1940:Vaux, Bert (2003). 1533:education secretary 1474:all-cause mortality 1308:sweetened beverages 1288:low nutrient levels 859:devised a patented 828:also originated in 784:R. White's Lemonade 577:per liquid volume. 314:, soda, or soda pop 244:R. White's Lemonade 132:. Small amounts of 5965:Sweetened beverage 5792:Sugar Intervention 5700:Danish West Indies 5682:U.S. Sugar Program 5441:Cotton candy floss 5348:Plantation Reserve 5243:Steen's cane syrup 4634:The New York Times 4507:. March 11, 2013. 4073:. April 25, 2011. 3790:on October 6, 2008 3348:10.1111/nure.12128 2848:The New York Times 2161:on August 29, 2015 2125:The Globe and Mail 2096:. March 25, 2012. 1768:Premix and postmix 1565:business practices 1559:was not a form of 1482:digestive diseases 1421:The United States 1331: 1315:metabolic syndrome 1101: 1068:non-alcoholic beer 1013: 902:" was patented by 896: 849: 775: 598: 592:Equipment used by 526: 509: 205:convenience stores 67: 52: 6060:Convenience foods 6047: 6046: 5896:Blood sugar level 5762:Leith Sugar House 5718: 5717: 5677:Sugar Association 5484: 5483: 5446:Maple sugar foods 5151:Barley malt syrup 4974:as food commodity 4938: 4937: 4867:National Beverage 4689:Media related to 4637:, August 22, 2006 4613:, August 17, 2005 4447:(18): 3219–3224. 3915:(11): 1479–1490. 3816:on March 26, 2008 3688:General Dentistry 3504:(14): 1723–1727. 3335:Nutrition Reviews 3247:Gibson S (2008). 3216:10.1136/bmj.h3576 2977:10.1002/oby.21535 2918:978-1-84569-326-8 2549:978-1-4521-3027-9 2517:on April 21, 2017 1852:Bangor Daily News 1646:Michael Bloomberg 1573:commercial speech 1514:Cadbury Schweppes 1503:childhood obesity 1292:systematic review 1268: 1267: 1244: 1161: 1160: 1072:alcohol by volume 927:Benjamin Silliman 739:sarsaparilla root 662:John Mervin Nooth 616:, for the use of 529:Carbonated drinks 521: 490:Carbonated drinks 146:lemon-lime drinks 16:(Redirected from 6072: 6037: 6036: 6027: 6026: 5960:Sugar substitute 5802:Triangular trade 5495: 5156:Brown rice syrup 5129: 4965: 4958: 4951: 4942: 4929: 4928: 4922:Drink portal 4920: 4919: 4918: 4831:Sugary drink tax 4805:Lemon-lime drink 4721: 4714: 4707: 4698: 4688: 4677: 4665: 4651: 4622:The Boston Globe 4592: 4591: 4579: 4573: 4572: 4570: 4568: 4553: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4537:on July 22, 2021 4533:. 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Archived from 2572: 2566: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2533: 2527: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2516: 2510:. Archived from 2505: 2497: 2488: 2487: 2485: 2483: 2463: 2457: 2456: 2430: 2424: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2413: 2406: 2397: 2382: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2345: 2339: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2315: 2306: 2305: 2303: 2301: 2282: 2276: 2275: 2273: 2271: 2252: 2246: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2222: 2216: 2200:For example, in 2198: 2192: 2191: 2189: 2187: 2177: 2171: 2170: 2168: 2166: 2157:. Archived from 2147: 2141: 2140: 2138: 2136: 2116: 2110: 2109: 2107: 2105: 2086: 2080: 2079: 2077: 2075: 2056: 2050: 2049: 2039: 2021: 1997: 1991: 1990: 1988: 1986: 1971: 1962: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1948:. Archived from 1937: 1926: 1925: 1923: 1921: 1912:. October 2014. 1900: 1889: 1888: 1883: 1881: 1870:Royalwarrant.org 1862: 1856: 1848: 1842: 1841: 1839: 1837: 1822: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1805:on June 13, 2011 1795: 1753:Low-alcohol beer 1676: 1671: 1670: 1669: 1600:Sugary drink tax 1563:, but a form of 1499:vending machines 1263: 1262: 1254: 1251: 1245: 1243: 1202: 1171: 1170: 1163: 1156: 1153: 1147: 1135: 1134: 1127: 1113:Keurig Dr Pepper 954:Vending machines 950:six-pack cartons 873:Codd-neck bottle 845:Codd-neck bottle 790:of 1851 held at 788:Great Exhibition 656: 606:Joseph Priestley 594:Joseph Priestley 555:, gives rise to 537:carbonated water 522: 491: 318:carbonated drink 294:euphemistic term 232:Joseph Priestley 217:vending machines 130:alcoholic drinks 109:(in the case of 107:sugar substitute 21: 6080: 6079: 6075: 6074: 6073: 6071: 6070: 6069: 6050: 6049: 6048: 6043: 6015: 5984: 5943:Sugar addiction 5874: 5865:Sugar sculpture 5806: 5714: 5688: 5665:Tate & Lyle 5656:United Kingdom 5573:Bundaberg Sugar 5556: 5552:Sugar marketing 5480: 5466:Sugarcane juice 5424: 5262: 5120: 5059: 4984: 4975: 4969: 4939: 4934: 4916: 4914: 4907: 4893:Space Cola Wars 4876: 4845: 4819: 4756: 4730: 4725: 4644: 4601: 4599:Further reading 4596: 4595: 4581: 4580: 4576: 4566: 4564: 4555: 4554: 4550: 4540: 4538: 4529: 4528: 4524: 4514: 4512: 4495: 4494: 4490: 4434: 4433: 4429: 4419: 4417: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4393: 4391: 4378: 4377: 4373: 4363: 4361: 4352: 4351: 4347: 4303: 4302: 4298: 4254: 4253: 4249: 4239: 4237: 4224: 4223: 4216: 4178: 4177: 4173: 4163: 4161: 4148: 4147: 4143: 4133: 4131: 4118:Clockwork.net. 4117: 4116: 4112: 4102: 4100: 4087: 4086: 4082: 4065: 4064: 4060: 4050: 4048: 4039: 4038: 4034: 4024: 4022: 4013: 4012: 4008: 3998: 3996: 3987: 3986: 3982: 3972: 3970: 3959: 3958: 3954: 3902: 3901: 3897: 3883: 3882: 3878: 3834: 3833: 3829: 3819: 3817: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3793: 3791: 3782: 3781: 3777: 3741: 3740: 3733: 3721: 3719: 3706: 3685: 3684: 3680: 3650: 3649: 3645: 3607: 3606: 3602: 3562: 3561: 3557: 3547: 3545: 3532: 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2219: 2209:Wayback Machine 2199: 2195: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2178: 2174: 2164: 2162: 2149: 2148: 2144: 2134: 2132: 2118: 2117: 2113: 2103: 2101: 2094:BostonGlobe.com 2088: 2087: 2083: 2073: 2071: 2060:"Sugary Drinks" 2058: 2057: 2053: 1999: 1998: 1994: 1984: 1982: 1973: 1972: 1965: 1955: 1953: 1952:on May 24, 2011 1939: 1938: 1929: 1919: 1917: 1902: 1901: 1892: 1879: 1877: 1864: 1863: 1859: 1854:, April 8, 2010 1849: 1845: 1835: 1833: 1824: 1823: 1819: 1808: 1806: 1797: 1796: 1792: 1787: 1782: 1672: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1640:In March 2013, 1638: 1602: 1596: 1561:free expression 1553:First Amendment 1495: 1490: 1470: 1451: 1435:erythorbic acid 1404: 1398: 1389: 1323: 1304: 1280:type 2 diabetes 1264: 1260: 1255: 1249: 1246: 1203: 1192: 1188:primary sources 1172: 1168: 1157: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1136: 1132: 1125: 1123:Health concerns 1090: 1084: 1076:vanilla extract 1001: 962: 923:Yale University 904:William Painter 865:Caledonian Road 805:was originally 763: 755:phosphoric acid 747: 666:Torbern Bergman 658: 648: 576: 550: 511: 493: 489: 472:cream of tartar 400: 392:Slovak language 382:variant of the 290: 284: 193:plastic bottles 138:alcohol content 60:vending machine 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6078: 6076: 6068: 6067: 6062: 6052: 6051: 6045: 6044: 6042: 6041: 6031: 6020: 6017: 6016: 6014: 6013: 6012: 6011: 5998: 5992: 5990: 5986: 5985: 5983: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5957: 5956: 5955: 5953:Residual sugar 5948:Sugars in wine 5945: 5940: 5935: 5933:Health effects 5930: 5929: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5908: 5906:Flavored syrup 5903: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5882: 5880: 5876: 5875: 5873: 5872: 5870:Treacle mining 5867: 5862: 5857: 5852: 5851: 5850: 5840: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5814: 5812: 5808: 5807: 5805: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5728: 5726: 5720: 5719: 5716: 5715: 5713: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5696: 5694: 5690: 5689: 5687: 5686: 5685: 5684: 5679: 5669: 5668: 5667: 5662: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5643: 5642: 5640:Tongaat Hulett 5637: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5586: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5564: 5562: 5558: 5557: 5555: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5532:Sugarcane mill 5529: 5524: 5519: 5518: 5517: 5507: 5501: 5499: 5492: 5486: 5485: 5482: 5481: 5479: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5432: 5430: 5426: 5425: 5423: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5401: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5323:Molasses sugar 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5284: 5283: 5270: 5268: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5179: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5141:List of syrups 5137: 5135: 5126: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5067: 5065: 5061: 5060: 5058: 5057: 5055:Reducing sugar 5052: 5047: 5046: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5020: 5019: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4996:Monosaccharide 4992: 4990: 4986: 4985: 4980: 4977: 4976: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4960: 4953: 4945: 4936: 4935: 4912: 4909: 4908: 4906: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4884: 4882: 4878: 4877: 4875: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4853: 4851: 4847: 4846: 4844: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4827: 4825: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4776: 4775: 4764: 4762: 4758: 4757: 4755: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4738: 4736: 4732: 4731: 4726: 4724: 4723: 4716: 4709: 4701: 4695: 4694: 4682: 4671: 4659: 4643: 4642:External links 4640: 4639: 4638: 4626: 4614: 4600: 4597: 4594: 4593: 4574: 4548: 4522: 4488: 4427: 4401: 4371: 4345: 4296: 4247: 4214: 4171: 4141: 4110: 4080: 4058: 4032: 4006: 3980: 3952: 3895: 3876: 3847:(8): 1389–95. 3827: 3801: 3775: 3731: 3729: 3728: 3678: 3643: 3600: 3555: 3525: 3484: 3453:(3): 205–210. 3433: 3374: 3321: 3280: 3239: 3187: 3146: 3125:(3): 499–509. 3105: 3051: 2999: 2970:(7): 1410–26. 2950: 2924: 2917: 2899: 2873: 2834: 2803: 2773: 2741: 2715: 2678: 2652: 2630: 2602: 2593: 2567: 2548: 2528: 2489: 2458: 2451: 2425: 2400:Colin Emmins. 2383: 2364: 2340: 2307: 2277: 2247: 2217: 2193: 2172: 2142: 2111: 2081: 2051: 1992: 1963: 1927: 1890: 1857: 1843: 1817: 1789: 1788: 1786: 1783: 1781: 1780: 1778:Squash (drink) 1775: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1755: 1750: 1748:List of drinks 1745: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1723:Industrial gas 1720: 1715: 1710: 1708:Phosphate soda 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1679: 1678: 1677: 1661: 1658: 1637: 1634: 1618:drink industry 1598:Main article: 1595: 1592: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1469: 1466: 1450: 1447: 1400:Main article: 1397: 1394: 1388: 1385: 1381:brushing teeth 1373:drinking straw 1322: 1319: 1303: 1300: 1266: 1265: 1258: 1256: 1175: 1173: 1166: 1159: 1158: 1139: 1137: 1130: 1124: 1121: 1097:Hartwall Jaffa 1083: 1080: 1000: 997: 961: 958: 919:soda fountains 898:In 1892, the " 773:Mineral-Waters 762: 759: 751:phosphate soda 746: 745:Phosphate soda 743: 704:Erasmus Darwin 641: 629:oil of vitriol 602:mineral waters 574: 548: 545:carbon dioxide 501:carbon dioxide 492: 487: 399: 396: 384:Czech language 283: 280: 236:J. J. Schweppe 201:movie theaters 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6077: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6040: 6032: 6030: 6022: 6021: 6018: 6009: 6008: 6004: 6003: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5996:Robert Lustig 5994: 5993: 5991: 5987: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5954: 5951: 5950: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5913: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5883: 5881: 5877: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5849: 5846: 5845: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5815: 5813: 5809: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5725: 5721: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5691: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5674: 5673: 5672:United States 5670: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5660:British Sugar 5658: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5632: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5570: 5569: 5566: 5565: 5563: 5559: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5502: 5500: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5487: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5456:Sugar alcohol 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5427: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5370: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5276: 5275: 5272: 5271: 5269: 5265: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5188:Glucose syrup 5186: 5184: 5181: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5166:Maesil-cheong 5164: 5163: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5130: 5127: 5123: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5068: 5066: 5062: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5025: 5024: 5021: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4998: 4997: 4994: 4993: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4966: 4961: 4959: 4954: 4952: 4947: 4946: 4943: 4933: 4924: 4923: 4910: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4885: 4883: 4879: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4855: 4854: 4852: 4848: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4828: 4826: 4822: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4774: 4771: 4770: 4769: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4759: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4739: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4722: 4717: 4715: 4710: 4708: 4703: 4702: 4699: 4692: 4687: 4683: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4669: 4664: 4660: 4658:at Wiktionary 4657: 4656: 4650: 4646: 4645: 4641: 4636: 4635: 4630: 4627: 4625:, May 4, 2006 4624: 4623: 4618: 4615: 4612: 4611: 4606: 4603: 4602: 4598: 4589: 4585: 4578: 4575: 4562: 4558: 4552: 4549: 4536: 4532: 4526: 4523: 4510: 4506: 4502: 4500: 4492: 4489: 4484: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4431: 4428: 4415: 4411: 4405: 4402: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4375: 4372: 4359: 4355: 4349: 4346: 4341: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4300: 4297: 4292: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4267:(4): 436–44. 4266: 4262: 4258: 4251: 4248: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4221: 4219: 4215: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4187:(1): 157–77. 4186: 4182: 4175: 4172: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4145: 4142: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4114: 4111: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4084: 4081: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4062: 4059: 4046: 4042: 4036: 4033: 4020: 4016: 4010: 4007: 3994: 3990: 3984: 3981: 3969: 3968: 3963: 3956: 3953: 3948: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3899: 3896: 3891: 3887: 3880: 3877: 3872: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3831: 3828: 3815: 3811: 3805: 3802: 3789: 3785: 3779: 3776: 3771: 3767: 3762: 3757: 3754:(4): 936–42. 3753: 3749: 3745: 3738: 3736: 3732: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3705: 3704: 3701: 3697: 3694:(3): 205–10. 3693: 3689: 3682: 3679: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3647: 3644: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3604: 3601: 3596: 3592: 3587: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3559: 3556: 3548:September 11, 3543: 3539: 3535: 3529: 3526: 3521: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3503: 3499: 3495: 3488: 3485: 3477:September 29, 3472: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3437: 3434: 3429: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3402: 3397: 3393: 3389: 3388:PLOS Medicine 3385: 3378: 3375: 3367:September 29, 3362: 3358: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3341:(9): 566–74. 3340: 3336: 3332: 3325: 3322: 3317: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3284: 3281: 3276: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3259:(2): 134–47. 3258: 3254: 3250: 3243: 3240: 3235: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3194: 3192: 3188: 3183: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3166:(4): 242–53. 3165: 3161: 3157: 3150: 3147: 3142: 3138: 3133: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3109: 3106: 3101: 3097: 3092: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3076:(4): 667–75. 3075: 3071: 3067: 3060: 3058: 3056: 3052: 3047: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3022:(2): 274–88. 3021: 3017: 3013: 3006: 3004: 3000: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2954: 2951: 2938: 2934: 2928: 2925: 2920: 2914: 2910: 2903: 2900: 2887: 2883: 2877: 2874: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2838: 2835: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2807: 2804: 2791: 2787: 2780: 2778: 2774: 2761: 2757: 2756: 2753:Wildfell Hall 2752: 2745: 2742: 2729: 2725: 2719: 2716: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2694: 2689: 2682: 2679: 2666: 2662: 2656: 2653: 2637: 2633: 2631:0-7478-0125-8 2627: 2620: 2619: 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1818: 1804: 1800: 1794: 1791: 1784: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1773:Soda fountain 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1758:Nitrogenation 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1680: 1675: 1664: 1659: 1657: 1655: 1650: 1647: 1643: 1642:New York City 1636:Attempted ban 1635: 1633: 1629: 1626: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1601: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1583: 1581: 1576: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1529: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1492: 1487: 1485: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1467: 1465: 1463: 1462:kidney stones 1459: 1458: 1449:Kidney stones 1448: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1419: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1403: 1395: 1393: 1386: 1384: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1358: 1356: 1355:dental caries 1352: 1351:carbohydrates 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1335:carbohydrates 1327: 1320: 1318: 1316: 1311: 1309: 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