37:
211:
As there is no central regulation of the language, there is some variation in orthography, the endings -ay and -ey being particularly interchangeable.
1306:
1279:
1193:
842:
1127:
713:
641:
208:
are represented using Y or W as the second element (AY, AW, EY, OY and OW) and long diphthongs are shown with the first vowel doubled.
1372:
1248:
1097:
473:
1167:
1149:
1057:
807:
780:
569:
98:
80:
1203:
1175:
1077:
934:
861:
815:
353:
204:. Long vowels are written by doubling the vowel. However, the distinction between tense and lax vowels is not represented.
1067:
329:
121:
972:
449:
1377:
1221:
1211:
1185:
1117:
953:
888:
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834:
737:
521:
1138:
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761:
377:
305:
1157:
915:
788:
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1107:
991:
896:
593:
497:
617:
401:
281:
129:
94:
90:
76:
1298:
A Pastoral
Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa
689:
665:
425:
169:
36:
1227:
1219:
1209:
1201:
1191:
1183:
1173:
1165:
1155:
1147:
1136:
1125:
1115:
1105:
1095:
1085:
1075:
1065:
989:
970:
951:
932:
913:
894:
886:
867:
859:
840:
832:
813:
805:
786:
778:
759:
735:
711:
687:
663:
639:
615:
591:
567:
545:
543:
519:
495:
471:
447:
423:
399:
375:
351:
327:
303:
279:
255:
1050:
133:
1302:
1275:
1296:
1269:
1243:
201:
189:
137:
20:
176:
is also not shown. Capital letters are used for names and at the beginning of a sentence.
219:
215:
141:
125:
66:
113:
1060:
symbols in their lower case versions, or else have values divergent from IPA symbols:
1361:
257:
173:
145:
1336:
185:
42:
205:
165:
1352:
218:-based order, is seen in the following table. The letters' names (with their
197:
193:
149:
86:
55:
117:
152:
uses all letters of the
English Latin alphabet with the exception of
1001:
The Somali alphabet lacks equivalents of the Arabic letters thāʼ (
168:
or other special characters, although it includes three consonant
1053:, these letters are retained for writing of Arabic loanwords.
41:
Sign including instructions written with the Somali alphabet,
1056:
The following elements of the Somali alphabet either are not
1353:
Osmanya, Borama, Wadaad's writing and the Somali language
172:: DH, KH and SH. Tone is not marked and a word-initial
124:. It was developed by a number of leading scholars of
85:. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
222:equivalents) are spelt out in the following table.
62:
50:
28:
99:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
8:
1044:
1038:
1032:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1008:
1002:
752:
728:
704:
680:
656:
632:
608:
584:
560:
536:
512:
488:
464:
440:
416:
392:
368:
344:
320:
296:
272:
248:
214:The Somali Latin alphabet, which follows an
224:
1260:
25:
184:The Somali Latin alphabet is largely
7:
1143:or the second element in a diphthong
1132:or the second element in a diphthong
89:. For the distinction between ,
1045:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1009:
1003:
753:
729:
705:
681:
657:
633:
609:
585:
561:
537:
513:
489:
465:
441:
417:
393:
369:
345:
321:
297:
273:
249:
1268:Abdullahi, Mohamed Diriye (2001).
140:specifically for transcribing the
14:
1249:Regional Somali Language Academy
35:
19:For other Somali alphabets, see
81:International Phonetic Alphabet
1274:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
1271:Culture and Customs of Somalia
16:Official Somali writing system
1:
1049:). However, when writing in
74: This article contains
1301:. James Currey Publishers.
118:Federal Republic of Somalia
1394:
1341:. Oxford University Press.
1335:H.I. Galaal, Musa (1956).
18:
1373:Writing systems of Africa
72:
34:
77:phonetic transcriptions
144:, and is based on the
130:Musa Haji Ismail Galal
1321:H.I. Galaal, pp. 4-11
1295:Lewis, I. M. (1999).
122:Federal Member States
110:Somali Latin alphabet
192:having a one-to-one
120:and its constituent
148:. The Somali Latin
1378:Somali orthography
234:Arabic equivalent
134:B. W. Andrzejewski
1308:978-0-85255-280-3
1281:978-0-313-31333-2
999:
998:
106:
105:
1385:
1342:
1338:Hikmaad Soomaali
1322:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1265:
1244:Somali alphabets
1233:
1225:
1215:
1207:
1197:
1189:
1179:
1171:
1161:
1153:
1142:
1131:
1121:
1111:
1101:
1091:
1081:
1071:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1005:
995:
976:
957:
938:
919:
900:
892:
873:
865:
846:
838:
819:
811:
792:
784:
765:
756:
755:
741:
732:
731:
717:
708:
707:
693:
684:
683:
669:
660:
659:
645:
636:
635:
621:
612:
611:
597:
588:
587:
573:
564:
563:
549:
540:
539:
525:
516:
515:
501:
492:
491:
477:
468:
467:
453:
444:
443:
429:
420:
419:
405:
396:
395:
381:
372:
371:
357:
348:
347:
333:
324:
323:
309:
300:
299:
285:
276:
275:
261:
252:
251:
225:
138:Shire Jama Ahmed
102:
96:
92:
39:
26:
21:Somali alphabets
1393:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1368:Latin alphabets
1358:
1357:
1349:
1334:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1309:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1282:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1240:
1051:Wadaad's Script
182:
164:. There are no
142:Somali language
112:is an official
73:
67:Somali language
58:
46:
30:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1391:
1389:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1348:
1347:External links
1345:
1344:
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1043:), and ghayn (
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237:Pronunciation
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194:correspondence
181:
178:
114:writing system
104:
103:
97:⟩, see
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790:
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748:
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739:
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727:
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571:
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556:
553:
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547:
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532:
529:
528:
523:
518:
511:
508:
505:
504:
499:
494:
487:
484:
481:
480:
475:
470:
463:
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451:
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436:
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412:
409:
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403:
398:
391:
388:
385:
384:
379:
374:
367:
364:
361:
360:
355:
350:
343:
340:
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336:
331:
326:
319:
316:
313:
312:
307:
302:
295:
292:
289:
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283:
278:
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268:
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241:
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236:
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226:
223:
221:
217:
212:
209:
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203:
199:
195:
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171:
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163:
159:
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147:
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139:
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119:
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78:
71:
68:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
44:
38:
33:
27:
22:
1337:
1317:
1297:
1290:
1270:
1263:
1055:
1000:
213:
210:
183:
174:glottal stop
161:
157:
153:
146:Latin script
128:, including
109:
107:
93:and ⟨
75:
51:Script type
43:Minneapolis
1362:Categories
1329:References
206:Diphthongs
190:consonants
166:diacritics
1007:), dhal (
198:graphemes
63:Languages
1238:See also
1037:), ẓāʾ (
1031:), ṭāʾ (
1025:), ḍād (
1019:), ṣād (
1013:), zāy (
202:phonemes
196:between
186:phonemic
170:digraphs
150:alphabet
91:/ /
87:Help:IPA
56:Alphabet
228:Letter
188:, with
116:in the
79:in the
1305:
1278:
220:Arabic
216:Arabic
126:Somali
95:
29:Somali
1255:Notes
1104:DH –
1094:SH –
1084:KH –
231:Name
83:(IPA)
1303:ISBN
1276:ISBN
1218:U –
1200:O –
1182:I –
1164:E –
1146:A –
1135:Y –
1124:W –
1114:C –
1074:X –
245:alef
200:and
180:Form
160:and
136:and
108:The
1226:or
1208:or
1190:or
1172:or
1154:or
1068:d͡ʒ
1064:J –
1058:IPA
893:or
866:or
839:or
812:or
785:or
485:dha
461:sha
365:kha
330:d͡ʒ
1364::
992:uː
984:uu
981:UU
973:oː
965:oo
962:OO
954:iː
946:ii
943:II
935:ɛː
927:ee
924:EE
916:ɑː
908:aa
905:AA
749:ya
725:ha
701:wa
677:na
653:ma
629:la
605:ka
581:qa
557:fa
533:ga
509:ca
482:DH
458:SH
437:sa
413:ra
389:da
362:KH
341:xa
317:ja
293:ta
269:ba
156:,
132:,
1311:.
1284:.
1232:/
1230:u
1228:/
1224:/
1222:ʉ
1220:/
1214:/
1212:ɔ
1210:/
1206:/
1204:ɞ
1202:/
1196:/
1194:ɪ
1192:/
1188:/
1186:i
1184:/
1178:/
1176:ɛ
1174:/
1170:/
1168:e
1166:/
1160:/
1158:ɑ
1156:/
1152:/
1150:æ
1148:/
1141:/
1139:j
1137:/
1130:/
1128:w
1126:/
1120:/
1118:ʕ
1116:/
1110:/
1108:ɖ
1106:/
1100:/
1098:ʃ
1096:/
1090:/
1088:χ
1086:/
1080:/
1078:ħ
1076:/
1070:/
1066:/
1046:غ
1040:ظ
1034:ط
1028:ض
1022:ص
1016:ز
1010:ذ
1004:ث
994:/
990:/
975:/
971:/
956:/
952:/
937:/
933:/
918:/
914:/
899:/
897:u
895:/
891:/
889:ʉ
887:/
881:u
878:U
872:/
870:ɔ
868:/
864:/
862:ɞ
860:/
854:o
851:O
845:/
843:ɪ
841:/
837:/
835:i
833:/
827:i
824:I
818:/
816:ɛ
814:/
810:/
808:e
806:/
800:e
797:E
791:/
789:ɑ
787:/
783:/
781:æ
779:/
773:a
770:A
764:/
762:j
760:/
754:ﻱ
746:Y
740:/
738:h
736:/
730:ه
722:H
716:/
714:w
712:/
706:و
698:W
692:/
690:n
688:/
682:ن
674:N
668:/
666:m
664:/
658:ﻡ
650:M
644:/
642:l
640:/
634:ﻝ
626:L
620:/
618:k
616:/
610:ﻙ
602:K
596:/
594:q
592:/
586:ﻕ
578:Q
572:/
570:f
568:/
562:ف
554:F
548:/
546:ɡ
544:/
538:گ
530:G
524:/
522:ʕ
520:/
514:ﻉ
506:C
500:/
498:ɖ
496:/
490:ط
476:/
474:ʃ
472:/
466:ﺵ
452:/
450:s
448:/
442:ﺱ
434:S
428:/
426:r
424:/
418:ر
410:R
404:/
402:d
400:/
394:د
386:D
380:/
378:χ
376:/
370:ﺥ
356:/
354:ħ
352:/
346:ﺡ
338:X
332:/
328:/
322:ﺝ
314:J
308:/
306:t
304:/
298:ﺕ
290:T
284:/
282:b
280:/
274:ﺏ
266:B
260:/
258:ʔ
256:/
250:ء
242:ʼ
162:z
158:v
154:p
101:.
45:.
23:.
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