577:'s ideas of the whole world as composition, soundscape researchers investigate people's attitudes to soundscapes as a whole rather than individual aspects – and look at how the entire environment can be changed to be more pleasing to the ear. This body of knowledge approaches the sonic environment subjectively as well, as in how some sounds are tolerated while others disdained, with still others preferred, as seen in Fong's 2016 research comparing the soundscapes of Bangkok, Thailand and Los Angeles, California. To respond to unwanted sounds, however, a typical application of this is the use of masking strategies, as in the use of water features to cover unwanted white noise from traffic. It has been shown that masking can work in some cases, but that the successful outcome is dependent on several factors, like sound pressure levels, orientation of the sources, and character of the water sound.
240:
3003:
293:, who indeed led much of the groundbreaking work on the subject from the 1960s and onwards. According to an interview with Schafer published in 2013, Schafer himself attributes the term to city planner Michael Southworth. Southworth, a former student of Kevin Lynch, led a project in Boston in the 1960s, and reported the findings in a paper entitled "The Sonic Environment of Cities", in 1969, where the term is used.
40:
557:) and WHO (Burden of noise disease), the positive effects have as yet received less attention. The positive effects of nature sounds can be acknowledged in everyday planning of urban and rural environments, as well as in specific health treatment situations, like nature-based sound therapy and nature-based rehabilitation.
549:. Noise has been shown to correlate with health-related problems like stress, reduced sleep and cardiovascular disease. More recently however, it has also been shown that some sounds, like sounds of nature and music, can have positive effects on health, some of which might be explained by natural sounds increasing
609:
is the combination of all the acoustic resources within a given area – natural sounds and human-caused sounds – as modified by the environment. The acoustic environment includes sound vibrations made by geological processes, biological activity, and even sounds that are inaudible to most humans, such
459:
of a piece, not always audible ... the key might stray from the original, but it will return. The keynote sounds may not always be heard consciously, but they "outline the character of the people living there" (Schafer). They are created by nature (geography and climate): wind, water, forests,
428:
creates an opportunity to hear incidences from near and afar. In a lo-fi soundscape, signals are obscured by too many sounds, and perspective is lost within the broad-band of noises. In lo-fi soundscapes everything is very close and compact. A person can only listen to immediate encounters; in most
592:
Soundscaping as a method to reduce noise pollution incorporates natural elements rather than just man made elements. Soundscapes can be designed by urban planners and landscape architects. By incorporating knowledge of soundscapes in their work, certain sounds can be enhanced, while others can be
511:
Consisting of the prefix, geo (gr. earth), and phon (gr. sound), this refers to the soundscape sources that are generated by non-biological natural sources such as wind in the trees, water in a stream or waves at the ocean, and earth movement, the first sounds heard on earth by any sound-sentient
593:
reduced or controlled. It has been argued that there are three main ways in which soundscapes can be designed: localization of functions, reduction of unwanted sounds and introduction of wanted sounds, each of which should be considered to ensure a comprehensive approach to soundscape design.
304:
and
Hildegard Westerkamp. Schafer subsequently collected the findings from the world soundscape project and fleshed out the soundscape concept in more detail in his seminal work about the sound environment, "Tuning of the World". Schafer has also used the concept in music education.
1505:
Saadatmand, V., Rejeh, N., Heravi-Karimooi, M., Tadrisi, S.D., Zayeri, F., Vaismoradi, M. & Jasper, M. (2013). "Effect of nature-based sounds' intervention on agitation, anxiety, and stress in patients under mechanical ventilator support: A randomised controlled trial".
572:
Papers on noise pollution are increasingly taking a holistic, soundscape approach to noise control. Whereas acoustics tends to rely on lab measurements and individual acoustic characteristics of cars and so on, soundscape takes a top-down approach. Drawing on
1652:
Smalley, A. J., White, M. P., Sandiford, R., Desai, N., Watson, C., Smalley, N., Tuppen, J., Sakka, L., Fleming, L. E. (1 August 2023). "Soundscapes, music, and memories: Exploring the factors that influence emotional responses to virtual nature content".
614:
is the component of the acoustic environment that can be perceived and comprehended by the humans. The character and quality of the soundscape influence human perceptions of an area, providing a sense of place that differentiates it from other regions.
580:
Research has shown that variation is an important factor to consider, as a varied soundscape give people the possibility to seek out their favorite environment depending on preference, mood and other factors. One way to ensure variation is to work with
1444:
Annerstedt, M., Jonsson, P., Wallergard, M., Johansson, G., Karlson, B., Grahn, P., Hansen, A.M. & Wahrborg, P.. (2013). "Inducing physiological stress recovery with sounds of nature in a virtual reality forest - Results from a pilot study".
1557:
Biological mechanisms and neurophysiological responses to sensory impact from nature.In: Van den Bosch & M.Bird, W. (eds.) Oxford
Textbook of Nature and Public Health. Oxford: Oxford University Press
2301:
2016 Fong, Jack "Making
Operative Concepts from Murray Schafer's Soundscapes Typology: A Qualitative and Comparative Analysis of Noise Pollution in Bangkok, Thailand and Los Angeles, California."
201:
of sounds heard as an environment: "how that environment is understood by those living within it" and therefore mediates their relations. The disruption of these acoustic environments results in
605:
are physical sound sources, including both natural sounds (wind, water, wildlife, vegetation) and cultural and historic sounds (battle reenactments, tribal ceremonies, quiet reverence). The
1783:
Irvine, K. N.; Devine-Wright, P.; Payne, S. R.; Fuller, R. A.; Painter, B.; Gaston, K. J. (2009). "Green space, soundscape and urban sustainability: An interdisciplinary, empirical study".
389:
Music soundscapes can also be generated by automated software methods, such as the experimental TAPESTREA application, a framework for sound design and soundscape composition, and others.
623:
include opportunities for appropriate transmission of cultural and historic sounds that are fundamental components of the purposes and values for which the parks were established.
2171:
2006, "Gebiete, Schichten und
Klanglandschaften in den Alpen. Zum Gebrauch einiger historischer Begriffe aus der Musikethnologie", Marcello Sorce Keller, in T. Nussbaumer (ed.),
1701:"Making Operative Concepts from Murray Schafer's Soundscapes Typology: A Qualitative and Comparative Analysis of Noise Pollution in Bangkok, Thailand and Los Angeles, California"
2406:
585:" in urban situations. It has been suggested that people's opportunity to access quiet, natural places in urban areas can be enhanced by improving the ecological quality of
1283:
Pijanowski, Bryan C.; Villanueva-Rivera, Luis J.; Dumyahn, Sarah L.; Farina, Almo; Krause, Bernie; Napoletano, Brian M.; Gage, Stuart H.; Pieretti, Nadia (March 2011).
3084:
1638:
1570:
1541:
1488:
1430:
1365:
1038:
601:
The
National Park Service Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division actively protects the soundscapes and acoustic environments in national parks across the country.
132:
524:
Consisting of the prefix, bio (gr. life) and the suffix for sound, this term refers to all of the non-human, non-domestic biological soundscape sources of sound.
619:
refers to sound which is unwanted, either because of its effects on humans and wildlife, or its interference with the perception or detection of other sounds.
197:, and language, work, and sounds of mechanical origin resulting from use of industrial technology. Crucially, the term soundscape also includes the listener's
3059:
220:(sounds derived from objects not standardly used for music) of an acoustic environment, either exclusively or in conjunction with musical performances.
1700:
3049:
500:, naturalist and soundscape ecologist, redefined the sources of sound in terms of their three main components: geophony, biophony, and anthropophony.
2892:
2399:
490:, Schafer wrote, "Once a Soundmark has been identified, it deserves to be protected, for soundmarks make the acoustic life of a community unique."
400:
is used to interpret the timbre of the soundscape. This timbre is mimicked and reproduced using the voice or rich harmonic producing instruments.
408:
In
Schafer's analysis, there are two distinct soundscapes, "hi-fi" and "lo-fi", created by the environment. A hi-fi system possesses a positive
3099:
2977:
2335:
2296:
2281:
2263:
2249:
2231:
2068:
1752:
1248:
1109:
992:
967:
931:
289:
The origin of the term soundscape is somewhat ambiguous. It is often miscredited as having been coined by
Canadian composer and naturalist,
258:
2849:
906:
1217:
436:
All sounds are unique in nature. They occur at one time in one place and cannot be replicated. In fact, it is physically impossible for
470:
These are foreground sounds, which are listened to consciously; examples would be warning devices, bells, whistles, horns, sirens, etc.
2854:
2392:
257:
3094:
3029:
2202:
2100:
2058:
1990:
1971:
1950:
1938:
1923:
881:
233:, defined the term "soundscape" as "All of the waveforms faithfully transmitted to our audio cortex by the ear and its mechanisms".
83:
50:
386:(1969–79) consisted of 30-minute, uninterrupted environmental soundscapes and synthesized or processed versions of natural sound.
131:
is the combination of all the acoustic resources, natural and artificial, within a given area as modified by the environment. The
2788:
2207:
2008 "Soundscape, postcolonial and music education: Experiencing the earliest grain of the body and music" - Tadahiko Imada in
2061:
553:
and feelings of calm, for example. While the negative effects of sound has been widely acknowledged by organizations like EU (
3034:
2859:
2019:
2190:
2833:
554:
265:
216:
of sounds that create the sensation of experiencing a particular acoustic environment, or compositions created using the
2885:
2425:
550:
3229:
560:
Soundscapes from a computerized acoustic device with a camera may also offer synthetic vision to the blind, utilizing
382:
65:
2106:
2005 "Acoustic
Ecology Considered as a Connotation: Semiotic, Post-Colonial and Educational Views of Soundscape" in
3117:
1911:
1974 Soundscape studies: An introduction to the World
Soundscape Project. Truax, B. Numus-West, 5, pp. 36–39.
536:
Consisting of the prefix, anthro (gr. human), this term refers to all of the sound signatures generated by humans.
61:
3054:
2352:
2141:
3157:
2982:
2321:. Luca Maria Aiello, Rossano Schifanella, Daniele Quercia, Francesco Aletta (2016). Royal Society Open Science.
1982:
297:
545:
Research has traditionally focused mostly on the negative effects of sound on human beings, as in exposure to
2026:
3039:
3011:
2878:
2609:
101:
116:. There is a varied history of the use of soundscape depending on discipline, ranging from urban design to
2957:
3137:
2947:
2942:
2459:
2442:
1632:
1535:
1482:
1424:
1359:
658:
409:
325:
2000:
1555:
Hägerhäll, C., Taylor, R., Cerwén, G., Watts, G., Van den Bosch, M., Press, D. & Minta, S. (2018).
2216:
2212:
2134:
3089:
3079:
3074:
2992:
2937:
2793:
2368:
2032:
820:
723:
393:
370:
337:
249:
230:
217:
2183:
2111:
3198:
3147:
3127:
2922:
2700:
2220:
2194:
673:
546:
190:
28:
1316:
Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., Janssen, S. & Stansfeld, S. (2014).
873:
3193:
3178:
2818:
2714:
2665:
2557:
2415:
1869:
1800:
1720:
1564:
1470:
1032:
774:
713:
698:
561:
349:
329:
158:
20:
2119:
2082:
2051:
1240:
1234:
959:
951:
127:. An important distinction is to separate soundscape from the broader acoustic environment. The
2241:
2987:
2952:
2803:
2783:
2567:
2525:
2449:
2331:
2292:
2277:
2259:
2245:
2227:
2198:
2149:
2115:
2096:
2078:
2064:
2054:
2047:
2041:
2015:
1986:
1967:
1946:
1934:
1919:
1906:
1748:
1670:
1620:
1523:
1462:
1412:
1347:
1244:
1213:
1105:
988:
963:
927:
902:
877:
846:
688:
586:
425:
397:
290:
150:
136:
113:
2289:
Acoustic
Competence: Investigating sonic empowerment in urban cultures. Berlin / Johannesburg
1101:
3239:
3109:
3024:
3019:
2917:
2690:
2685:
2562:
2520:
2481:
2464:
2364:
2316:
2312:. Kang, J. & Schulte-Fortkamp, B. (eds.) (2016). Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis Group.
1859:
1851:
1792:
1712:
1662:
1610:
1600:
1515:
1454:
1402:
1392:
1337:
1329:
1296:
1093:
865:
836:
828:
808:
764:
756:
460:
plains, birds, insects, animals. In many urban areas, traffic has become the keynote sound.
417:
321:
223:
154:
124:
2962:
2823:
2742:
2727:
2437:
708:
663:
353:
209:
202:
2326:
866:
824:
3234:
3002:
2927:
2901:
2747:
2737:
2732:
2675:
1615:
1588:
1407:
1380:
1342:
1317:
1067:
841:
368:. The work landed on the ground of Titan in 2005 after traveling inside the spacecraft
357:
166:
112:, in context. The term was originally coined by Michael Southworth, and popularized by
1333:
1126:
807:
Aiello, Luca Maria; Schifanella, Rossano; Quercia, Daniele; Aletta, Francesco (2016).
3223:
3152:
3132:
3069:
2932:
2813:
2655:
2476:
2273:
2270:
Voices of the Wild: Animal Songs, Human Din, and the Call to Save Natural Soundscapes
2011:
778:
683:
638:
633:
529:
497:
447:
186:
2256:
The Great Animal Orchestra: Finding the Origins of Music in the World's Wild Places,
1873:
1804:
1724:
173:
vocalizations, the collective habitat expression of which is now referred to as the
3183:
3122:
2491:
2092:
1519:
1474:
1236:
The Great Animal Orchestra: Finding the Origins of Music in the World's Wild Places
1094:
653:
365:
309:
227:
194:
1458:
589:
through targeted planning and design and that in turn has psychological benefits.
256:
3162:
2967:
2757:
2660:
2486:
2454:
2073:
2004 "Voicescapes: The (en)chanting voice & its performance soundscapes" in
1963:
1855:
1666:
718:
582:
456:
421:
392:
The soundscape is often the subject of mimicry in timbre-centered music such as
341:
333:
301:
213:
760:
420:
to obstruct even the smallest disturbance. A rural landscape offers more hi-fi
3142:
3064:
3044:
2752:
2722:
2650:
2619:
2592:
2547:
2542:
2530:
2469:
2360:
2223:
1796:
1687:
1589:"The role of soundscape in nature-based rehabilitation: A patient perspective"
1161:
377:
296:
Around the same time as Southworth's project in Boston, Schafer initiated the
276:
147:
2153:
1716:
1674:
1175:
Where Rivers and Mountains Sing, Sound, Music and Nomadism in Tuva and Beyond
3203:
2808:
2695:
2670:
2602:
2597:
2577:
2572:
2537:
2380:
SonorCities: Learning Culture through City Soundscapes – An Educational Tool
1818:
1301:
1284:
809:"Chatty maps: constructing sound maps of urban areas from social media data"
703:
693:
678:
574:
430:
162:
1624:
1605:
1527:
1466:
1416:
1351:
850:
2318:
Chatty maps: constructing sound maps of urban areas from social media data
1842:
Brown, Lex (2004). "An approach to the acoustic design of outdoor space".
1397:
3188:
2972:
2773:
2680:
2645:
2640:
2582:
2552:
1381:"Stress Recovery during Exposure to Nature Sound and Environmental Noise"
1197:. New York, NY: Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 29–38.
952:"Electroacoustic Music and the Soundscape: The inner and the Outer World"
769:
668:
648:
643:
517:
504:
482:
182:
174:
117:
832:
486:. A soundmark is a sound which is unique to an area. In his 1977 book,
2635:
2614:
2587:
1025:
The soundscape : our sonic environment and the tuning of the world
899:
Voices of the Wild: Human Din, and the Call to Save Natural Soundscapes
178:
120:
105:
24:
1864:
1150:
443:
According to Schafer there are three main elements of the soundscape:
2798:
2384:
2209:
Music Education Policy and Implementation: International Perspectives
2157:
437:
361:
170:
109:
352:
has created soundscape compositions from the sounds of sky dome and
68:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
2373:
2127:
Qualitative Judgements of Urban Soundscapes: Questionning [
2909:
1770:
Unwanted Wanted Sounds: Perception of Sounds from Water Structures
1264:
Krause, B (January–February 2008). "The Anatomy of a Soundscape".
413:
143:
2870:
2173:
Volksmusik in den Alpen: Interkulturelle Horizonte und Crossovers
2040:
Site Soundscapes: Landscape architecture in the light of sound -
1931:
The Soundscape: Our Sonic Environment and the Tuning of the World
1593:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
1385:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
1210:
The Soundscape: Our Sonic Environment and the Tuning of the World
794:
The Soundscape: Our Sonic Environment and the Tuning of the World
488:
The Soundscape: Our Sonic Environment and the Tuning of the World
2778:
494:
The elements have been further defined as to essential sources:
2874:
2388:
2327:
Sound in Landscape Architecture: A Soundscape Approach to Noise
1745:
Sound in Landscape Architecture: A Soundscape Approach to Noise
926:. Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 198, 214.
747:
Southworth, Michael (1969). "The Sonic Environment of Cities".
348:(1970) is an early soundscape composition. Soundscape composer
2379:
33:
16:
Audible characteristics, resonances of an acoustic environment
1887:
National Park Service Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division
2063:
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Diss. summary:
2008:
Wild Soundscapes: Discovering the Voice of the Natural World
1929:
These 2 works were adapted to become part of the 1993 book,
374:
over seven years and four billion kilometers through space.
238:
1886:
1285:"Soundscape Ecology: The Science of Sound in the Landscape"
1054:
The new soundscape: a handbook for the modern music teacher
440:
to reproduce any phoneme twice in exactly the same manner.
1943:
Five village soundscapes (Music of the environment series)
356:
and deep sea underwater recordings, and a work entitled "
2175:, Salzburg, Verlag Mueller-Speiser, 2006, pp. 9–18.
2347:
57:
2376:
Web archive of the audio mapping of the city of Naples
1379:
Alvarsson, J.J., Wiens, S. & Nilsson, M.E (2010).
1318:"Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health"
1151:
Boodler ambient soundscape generator written in Python
320:
In music, soundscape compositions are often a form of
146:
or combination of sounds that forms or arises from an
1188:
1186:
1184:
1068:"Soundscapes - Getting to Know Atish | Red Bull MEA"
161:. The idea of soundscape refers to both the natural
3171:
3108:
3010:
2908:
2842:
2766:
2713:
2628:
2513:
2502:
2422:
2137:, Acta Acustica united with Acustica 92(6), 929–937
2028:
Linking Soundscape Composition and Acoustic Ecology
1162:
fLOW ambient soundscape generator (Apple Macintosh)
564:, as is the goal of the seeing with sound project.
189:through a sub-set called controlled sound, such as
185:; and environmental sounds created by humans, the
181:and other natural elements, now referred to as the
1587:Cerwén, G., Pedersen, E. & Pálsdóttir (2016).
429:cases even ordinary sounds have to be exuberantly
328:. Composers who use soundscapes include real-time
19:For the study of the acoustic relationships, see
3085:Ultra-short baseline acoustic positioning system
2089:The Auditory Culture Reader (Sensory Formations)
1844:Journal of Environmental Planning and Management
360:" to be performed at the extreme environment of
412:. These settings make it possible for discrete
135:(ISO) standardized these definitions in 2014. (
1212:. Inner Traditions/Bear & Co. p. 10.
153:. The study of soundscape is the subject of
133:International Organization for Standardization
2886:
2400:
8:
2240:- R. Murray Schafer & Tadahiko Imada (
1979:Acoustic Communication : Second Edition
1637:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1569:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1540:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1487:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1429:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1364:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1037:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2354:Soundscape: The Journal of Acoustic Ecology
2180:The West Meets the East in Acoustic Ecology
2108:Soundscape: The Journal of Acoustic Ecology
2075:Soundscape: The Journal of Acoustic Ecology
985:Deep Listening: A Composer's Sound Practice
924:Background Noise: Perspectives on Sound Art
455:This is a musical term that identifies the
208:The term "soundscape" can also refer to an
3060:Short baseline acoustic positioning system
2893:
2879:
2871:
2510:
2407:
2393:
2385:
3050:Long baseline acoustic positioning system
1863:
1614:
1604:
1406:
1396:
1341:
1300:
956:Companion to Contemporary Musical Thought
945:
943:
872:. Ablex Publishing Corporation. pp.
840:
768:
84:Learn how and when to remove this message
2131:] Questionnaires and Semantic Scales
1508:International Journal of Nursing Studies
1266:Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
1177:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
2348:World Forum for Acoustic Ecology (WFAE)
2291:- Felix Urban (Marburg: Tectum Verlag)
2284:) - book & links to audio examples
1195:Audio Culture: Readings in Modern Music
901:. Yale University Press. pp. all.
736:
3100:Underwater acoustic positioning system
2978:Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System
2258:Bernie Krause, Little Brown New York,
2191:Japanese Association for Sound Ecology
1630:
1562:
1533:
1480:
1422:
1357:
1030:
416:to be heard clearly since there is no
274:
2374:Napolisoundscape Urban Space Research
1738:
1736:
1734:
1582:
1580:
1500:
1498:
1010:Avant-gardes Sonores en architecture
7:
2850:List of experimental music festivals
2310:Soundscape and the Built Environment
1997:Soundscapes: Essays on Vroom and Moo
1027:. Rochester, Vermont: Destiny Books.
742:
740:
1655:Journal of Environmental Psychology
308:One of Soundscape's co-founders is
177:, and, for instance, the sounds of
23:. For the PC sound card brand, see
2855:List of electronic music festivals
1772:. Stockholm: Stockholm University.
1559:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
27:. For the Cedar Walton album, see
14:
3095:Underwater acoustic communication
3030:Acoustic Doppler current profiler
2077:Vol.5 No.2 - Henry Johnson 26-29
3001:
2022:) - book & QR link to audio
1100:. Cambridge: MIT Press. p.
275:Problems playing this file? See
254:
38:
3153:Hearing range of marine mammals
2789:Experimental musical instrument
2142:"Soundscapes / Paesaggi sonori"
597:In United States National Parks
568:Soundscapes and noise pollution
3035:Acoustic seabed classification
2860:List of experimental musicians
2003:- Department of Folk Tradition
1819:"Soundscaping | Sound Control"
1520:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.11.018
480:This is derived from the term
300:together with colleagues like
1:
2834:Electroacoustic improvisation
1960:Handbook for Acoustic Ecology
1768:Rådsten Ekman, Maria (2015).
1459:10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.05.023
1334:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61613-X
1012:. Dijon: Les Presses du Réel.
250:"Soundscape from Puerto Rico"
1127:"Mother Nature Goes Digital"
1023:Schafer, Murray, R. (1977).
2197:International Music Centre
1856:10.1080/0964056042000284857
1667:10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102060
1208:Schafer, R. Murray (1993).
792:Schafer, R. Murray (1977).
610:as bat echolocation calls.
165:environment, consisting of
64:the claims made and adding
3258:
3118:Acoustic survey in fishing
1056:. Toronto: Berandol Music.
983:Oliveros, Pauline (2005).
954:. In Paynter, John (ed.).
813:Royal Society Open Science
761:10.1177/001391656900100104
18:
3055:Ocean acoustic tomography
2999:
2330:. Cerwén, G. Alnarp: SLU
1797:10.1080/13549830802522061
1447:Physiology & Behavior
987:. iUniverse. p. 18.
922:LaBelle, Brandon (2006).
25:Ensoniq § Soundscape
3158:Marine mammals and sonar
2983:Synthetic aperture sonar
2276:(Yale University Press,
2238:A Little Sound Education
2219:and Tadahiko Imada Eds,
2014:(Yale University Press,
1983:World Soundscape Project
1717:10.1177/0042098014562333
1239:. Little Brown. p.
1193:Schafer, Murray (2004).
1173:Levin, Theodore (2006).
749:Environment and Behavior
424:than a city because the
298:World Soundscape Project
3040:Acoustical oceanography
2610:Intelligent dance music
1945:- A.R.C. Publications (
1916:The Tuning of the World
1743:Cerwén, Gunnar (2017).
1302:10.1525/bio.2011.61.3.6
1233:Krause, Bernie (2012).
897:Krause, Bernie (2016).
2958:Scientific echosounder
1606:10.3390/ijerph13121229
1092:Roads, Curtis (2001).
958:. Routledge. pp.
868:Acoustic Communication
433:in order to be heard.
346:Presque rien, numéro 1
243:
3138:Deep scattering layer
2948:Multibeam echosounder
2943:GLORIA sidescan sonar
2148:(10). December 2008.
1933:- R. Murray Schafer (
1918:- R. Murray Schafer (
1398:10.3390/ijerph7031036
1052:Schafer, R.M (1969).
950:Truax, Barry (1992).
864:Truax, Barry (2001).
659:Environments (series)
551:cognitive restoration
410:signal-to-noise ratio
326:electroacoustic music
242:
3090:Underwater acoustics
3080:Sound velocity probe
3075:Sound speed gradient
2993:Upward looking sonar
2938:Fessenden oscillator
2794:Experimental luthier
2504:Experimental popular
2361:How Sound Affects Us
2046:Per Hedfors (Diss.:
2033:Hildegard Westerkamp
1981:- Barry Truax &
1823:soundcontroltech.com
724:Underwater acoustics
621:Cultural soundscapes
607:acoustic environment
394:Tuvan throat singing
338:Hildegard Westerkamp
231:electronic art music
129:acoustic environment
3199:Hydrographic survey
3148:Fisheries acoustics
3128:Animal echolocation
2923:Baffles (submarine)
2715:Extended techniques
2357:, published by WFAE
2221:Hirosaki University
2195:Hirosaki University
1699:Fong, Jack (2016).
1328:(9925): 1325–1332.
833:10.1098/rsos.150690
825:2016RSOS....350690A
547:environmental noise
383:Environments series
226:, composer of post-
191:musical composition
29:Soundscapes (album)
3230:Experimental music
3194:Geophysical MASINT
3179:Acoustic signature
2819:Sound installation
2666:Free improvisation
2558:Deconstructed club
2416:Experimental music
2044:Design Strategies,
1903:The New Soundscape
714:Soundscape ecology
699:Sound installation
603:Acoustic resources
587:urban green spaces
562:human echolocation
350:Petri Kuljuntausta
330:granular synthesis
285:Historical context
244:
159:soundscape ecology
142:A soundscape is a
49:possibly contains
21:Soundscape ecology
3217:
3216:
2988:Towed array sonar
2968:Sonar beamforming
2953:Passive acoustics
2868:
2867:
2804:Progressive music
2784:Data sonification
2709:
2708:
2568:Experimental rock
2526:Avant-garde metal
2336:978-91-7760-073-2
2297:978-3-8288-3683-9
2282:978-0-300-20631-9
2264:978-0-316-08687-5
2250:978-4-393-93539-2
2232:978-4-902774-39-9
2069:978-3-639-09413-8
2001:Jarviluoma, Helmi
1907:R. Murray Schafer
1785:Local Environment
1754:978-91-7760-073-2
1688:Seeing with Sound
1250:978-0-316-08687-5
1111:978-0-262-18215-7
994:978-0-595-34365-2
969:978-0-415-07225-0
933:978-0-8264-1845-6
689:Sharawadji effect
426:natural landscape
398:Timbral Listening
396:. The process of
291:R. Murray Schafer
259:
114:R. Murray Schafer
94:
93:
86:
51:original research
3247:
3110:Acoustic ecology
3025:Acoustic release
3020:Acoustic network
3005:
2918:Active acoustics
2895:
2888:
2881:
2872:
2843:Events and lists
2767:Related concepts
2691:Progressive jazz
2563:Experimental pop
2521:Avant-garde jazz
2511:
2482:Musique concrete
2465:Acousmatic music
2409:
2402:
2395:
2386:
2217:Lai Chi Rita Yip
2213:Chi Cheung Leung
2182:(Tadahiko Imada
2168:
2166:
2165:
2156:. Archived from
2135:Raimbault, Manon
1889:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1867:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1740:
1729:
1728:
1696:
1690:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1636:
1628:
1618:
1608:
1584:
1575:
1574:
1568:
1560:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1539:
1531:
1502:
1493:
1492:
1486:
1478:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1428:
1420:
1410:
1400:
1391:(3): 1036–1046.
1376:
1370:
1369:
1363:
1355:
1345:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1190:
1179:
1178:
1170:
1164:
1159:
1153:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1099:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1028:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1008:Darò, C (2013).
1005:
999:
998:
980:
974:
973:
947:
938:
937:
919:
913:
912:
908:978-0-30020631-9
894:
888:
887:
871:
861:
855:
854:
844:
804:
798:
797:
789:
783:
782:
772:
744:
674:Musique concrète
418:background noise
322:electronic music
261:
260:
241:
224:Pauline Oliveros
155:acoustic ecology
137:ISO 12913-1:2014
125:computer science
100:is the acoustic
89:
82:
78:
75:
69:
66:inline citations
42:
41:
34:
3257:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3213:
3167:
3104:
3012:Ocean acoustics
3006:
2997:
2963:Side-scan sonar
2904:
2899:
2869:
2864:
2838:
2824:Sound sculpture
2762:
2743:Prepared guitar
2728:Circuit bending
2705:
2624:
2507:
2505:
2498:
2460:Electroacoustic
2431:
2428:classical music
2427:
2418:
2413:
2369:Julian Treasure
2344:
2163:
2161:
2140:
1898:
1896:Further reading
1893:
1892:
1885:
1881:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1827:
1825:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1755:
1747:. Alnarp: SLU.
1742:
1741:
1732:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1686:
1682:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1629:
1586:
1585:
1578:
1561:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1532:
1504:
1503:
1496:
1479:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1421:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1356:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1251:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1220:
1219:978-089281455-8
1207:
1206:
1202:
1192:
1191:
1182:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1160:
1156:
1149:
1145:
1135:
1133:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1112:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1077:
1075:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1029:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1007:
1006:
1002:
995:
982:
981:
977:
970:
949:
948:
941:
934:
921:
920:
916:
909:
896:
895:
891:
884:
863:
862:
858:
806:
805:
801:
796:. Alfred Knopf.
791:
790:
786:
746:
745:
738:
733:
728:
709:Sound sculpture
664:Field recording
629:
599:
570:
543:
406:
404:The environment
354:Aurora Borealis
318:
287:
282:
281:
273:
271:
270:
269:
268:
262:
255:
252:
245:
239:
210:audio recording
203:noise pollution
90:
79:
73:
70:
55:
43:
39:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3255:
3254:
3251:
3243:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3222:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3175:
3173:
3172:Related topics
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3114:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3016:
3014:
3008:
3007:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2928:Bistatic sonar
2925:
2920:
2914:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2902:Hydroacoustics
2900:
2898:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2875:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2748:Prepared piano
2745:
2740:
2738:Plunderphonics
2735:
2733:Frippertronics
2730:
2725:
2719:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2523:
2517:
2515:
2508:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2467:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2434:
2432:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2404:
2397:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2371:
2358:
2350:
2343:
2342:External links
2340:
2339:
2338:
2322:
2313:
2306:
2305:53(1):173-192.
2299:
2285:
2266:
2252:
2234:
2205:
2184:Kozo Hiramatsu
2176:
2169:
2138:
2123:
2112:Tadahiko Imada
2104:
2085:
2071:
2036:
2023:
2004:
1993:
1975:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1912:
1909:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1879:
1850:(6): 827–842.
1834:
1810:
1775:
1760:
1753:
1730:
1711:(1): 173-192.
1691:
1680:
1644:
1576:
1547:
1514:(7): 895–904.
1494:
1436:
1371:
1308:
1295:(3): 203–216.
1275:
1256:
1249:
1225:
1218:
1200:
1180:
1165:
1154:
1143:
1131:Atari Archives
1117:
1110:
1084:
1059:
1044:
1015:
1000:
993:
975:
968:
939:
932:
914:
907:
889:
882:
856:
799:
784:
735:
734:
732:
729:
727:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
630:
628:
625:
598:
595:
569:
566:
542:
541:In health care
539:
538:
537:
533:
532:
526:
525:
521:
520:
514:
513:
508:
507:
492:
491:
477:
476:
472:
471:
467:
466:
462:
461:
452:
451:
405:
402:
358:Charm of Sound
317:
314:
286:
283:
272:
263:
253:
248:
247:
246:
237:
236:
235:
167:natural sounds
92:
91:
46:
44:
37:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3253:
3252:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3133:Beached whale
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3070:SOFAR channel
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3004:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2933:Echo sounding
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2896:
2891:
2889:
2884:
2882:
2877:
2876:
2873:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2814:Sound collage
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2501:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2443:indeterminacy
2441:
2440:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2421:
2417:
2410:
2405:
2403:
2398:
2396:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2303:Urban Studies
2300:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2274:Bernie Krause
2271:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2204:
2203:4-9903332-1-7
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2170:
2160:on 2009-07-26
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2110:Vol.6 No.2 -
2109:
2105:
2102:
2101:1-85973-618-1
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2059:91-576-6425-0
2056:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2043:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2012:Bernie Krause
2009:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1992:
1991:1-56750-537-6
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1972:0-88985-011-9
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1951:0-88985-005-4
1948:
1944:
1940:
1939:0-89281-455-1
1936:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:0-394-40966-3
1921:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1883:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1838:
1835:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1779:
1776:
1771:
1764:
1761:
1756:
1750:
1746:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1705:Urban Studies
1702:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1684:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1648:
1645:
1640:
1634:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1566:
1558:
1551:
1548:
1543:
1537:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1490:
1484:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1440:
1437:
1432:
1426:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1375:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1279:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1229:
1226:
1221:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1201:
1196:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1147:
1144:
1132:
1128:
1125:Teibel, Irv.
1121:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1088:
1085:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1055:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1034:
1026:
1019:
1016:
1011:
1004:
1001:
996:
990:
986:
979:
976:
971:
965:
961:
957:
953:
946:
944:
940:
935:
929:
925:
918:
915:
910:
904:
900:
893:
890:
885:
883:9781567505375
879:
875:
870:
869:
860:
857:
852:
848:
843:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
819:(3): 150690.
818:
814:
810:
803:
800:
795:
788:
785:
780:
776:
771:
770:1721.1/102214
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
743:
741:
737:
730:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
684:Program music
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
639:Anthropophony
637:
635:
634:Ambient music
632:
631:
626:
624:
622:
618:
613:
608:
604:
596:
594:
590:
588:
584:
578:
576:
567:
565:
563:
558:
556:
552:
548:
540:
535:
534:
531:
530:Anthropophony
528:
527:
523:
522:
519:
516:
515:
510:
509:
506:
503:
502:
501:
499:
498:Bernie Krause
495:
489:
485:
484:
479:
478:
474:
473:
469:
468:
465:Sound signals
464:
463:
458:
454:
453:
449:
446:
445:
444:
441:
439:
434:
432:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
403:
401:
399:
395:
390:
387:
385:
384:
379:
375:
373:
372:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
315:
313:
311:
306:
303:
299:
294:
292:
284:
280:
278:
267:
251:
234:
232:
229:
225:
221:
219:
215:
211:
206:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
187:anthropophony
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
149:
145:
140:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
88:
85:
77:
67:
63:
59:
53:
52:
47:This article
45:
36:
35:
30:
26:
22:
3208:
3184:Bioacoustics
3123:Acoustic tag
2828:
2506:music genres
2426:contemporary
2353:
2325:
2317:
2309:
2302:
2288:
2269:
2255:
2237:
2208:
2186:
2179:
2172:
2162:. Retrieved
2158:the original
2146:Lo Squaderno
2145:
2130:
2126:
2107:
2093:Michael Bull
2088:
2074:
2039:
2027:
2007:
1996:
1978:
1959:
1942:
1930:
1915:
1902:
1882:
1847:
1843:
1837:
1826:. Retrieved
1822:
1813:
1788:
1784:
1778:
1769:
1763:
1744:
1708:
1704:
1694:
1683:
1658:
1654:
1647:
1633:cite journal
1599:(12): 1229.
1596:
1592:
1556:
1550:
1536:cite journal
1511:
1507:
1483:cite journal
1450:
1446:
1439:
1425:cite journal
1388:
1384:
1374:
1360:cite journal
1325:
1321:
1311:
1292:
1288:
1278:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1235:
1228:
1209:
1203:
1194:
1174:
1168:
1157:
1146:
1134:. Retrieved
1130:
1120:
1095:
1087:
1076:. Retrieved
1074:. 2017-07-17
1071:
1062:
1053:
1047:
1024:
1018:
1009:
1003:
984:
978:
955:
923:
917:
898:
892:
867:
859:
816:
812:
802:
793:
787:
755:(1): 49–70.
752:
748:
654:Ecoacoustics
620:
616:
611:
606:
602:
600:
591:
579:
571:
559:
544:
496:
493:
487:
481:
442:
435:
407:
391:
388:
381:
376:
369:
345:
319:
310:Nezar Kadhem
307:
295:
288:
228:World War II
222:
218:found sounds
207:
198:
195:sound design
169:, including
141:
128:
97:
95:
80:
71:
48:
2758:Turntablism
2701:Witch house
2661:Drone metal
2450:Avant-garde
1964:Barry Truax
1453:: 240–250.
1136:18 November
719:Space music
583:quiet areas
555:END 2002/49
422:frequencies
342:Luc Ferrari
334:Barry Truax
302:Barry Truax
266:El Cloquido
214:performance
151:environment
102:environment
3224:Categories
3209:Soundscape
3163:Whale song
3143:Fishfinder
3065:Sofar bomb
3045:Hydrophone
2829:Soundscape
2753:Scordatura
2723:3rd bridge
2686:Industrial
2651:Avant-funk
2593:noise rock
2548:Avant-punk
2543:Avant-prog
2531:Post-metal
2470:Tape music
2164:2009-03-14
2020:0300218192
2006:2002/2016
1865:10072/5197
1828:2017-04-19
1791:(2): 155.
1661:: 102060.
1289:BioScience
1096:Microsound
1078:2024-08-07
731:References
612:Soundscape
378:Irv Teibel
277:media help
264:Shared by
199:perception
98:soundscape
58:improve it
3204:Noise map
2809:Sound art
2696:Punk jazz
2671:Free jazz
2603:post-rock
2598:post-punk
2578:math rock
2573:krautrock
2538:Avant-pop
2438:Aleatoric
2244:, Tokyo)
2242:Shunjusha
2154:1973-9141
2120:1607-3304
2083:1607-3304
2052:1401-6249
1675:0272-4944
1565:cite book
1033:cite book
779:130685505
704:Sound map
694:Sound art
679:Noise map
575:John Cage
512:organism.
475:Soundmark
431:amplified
148:immersive
106:perceived
74:July 2020
62:verifying
3189:Biophony
2973:Sonobuoy
2774:Cymatics
2681:Hyperpop
2646:Art rock
2641:Art punk
2583:neo-prog
2553:Biomusic
2514:By style
2424:Related
2367:talk by
2042:Sonotope
1941:) 1977
1874:55857646
1805:55692349
1725:30362727
1625:27973437
1528:23245705
1467:23688947
1417:20617017
1352:24183105
1072:Red Bull
851:27069661
669:Geophony
649:Biophony
644:Biomusic
627:See also
518:Biophony
505:Geophony
483:landmark
364:'s moon
344:, whose
332:pioneer
316:In music
183:geophony
175:biophony
163:acoustic
118:wildlife
3240:Hearing
2656:Ambient
2636:Art pop
2629:Related
2615:Neofolk
2588:no wave
2477:Minimal
2363:(8:18)—
2114:13-17 (
1999:, Eds:
1616:5201370
1475:4826491
1408:2872309
1343:3988259
960:374–398
842:4821272
821:Bibcode
448:Keynote
371:Huygens
179:weather
121:ecology
56:Please
2799:Fluxus
2676:Glitch
2492:Danger
2430:genres
2334:
2295:
2280:
2262:
2248:
2230:
2201:
2193:&
2189:Eds),
2187:et al.
2152:
2118:
2099:
2081:
2067:
2057:
2050:
2018:
1989:
1970:
1949:
1937:
1922:
1872:
1803:
1751:
1723:
1673:
1623:
1613:
1526:
1473:
1465:
1415:
1405:
1350:
1340:
1322:Lancet
1272:(1/2).
1247:
1216:
1108:
991:
966:
930:
905:
880:
849:
839:
777:
450:sounds
438:nature
414:sounds
362:Saturn
340:, and
171:animal
110:humans
3235:Sound
2910:Sonar
2487:Noise
2455:Drone
2324:2017
2315:2016
2308:2016
2287:2016
2268:2015
2254:2012
2236:2009
2224:Press
2178:2006
2125:2006
2087:2004
2038:2003
2025:2002
1995:1994
1977:1985
1958:1978
1914:1977
1901:1969
1870:S2CID
1801:S2CID
1721:S2CID
1471:S2CID
775:S2CID
617:Noise
366:Titan
324:, or
144:sound
2779:Dada
2620:Wave
2332:ISBN
2293:ISBN
2278:ISBN
2260:ISBN
2246:ISBN
2228:ISBN
2199:ISBN
2150:ISSN
2116:ISSN
2097:ISBN
2079:ISSN
2065:ISBN
2055:ISBN
2048:ISSN
2016:ISBN
1987:ISBN
1968:ISBN
1947:ISBN
1935:ISBN
1920:ISBN
1749:ISBN
1671:ISSN
1639:link
1621:PMID
1571:link
1542:link
1524:PMID
1489:link
1463:PMID
1431:link
1413:PMID
1366:link
1348:PMID
1245:ISBN
1214:ISBN
1138:2015
1106:ISBN
1039:link
989:ISBN
964:ISBN
928:ISBN
903:ISBN
878:ISBN
847:PMID
2365:TED
2129:sic
1860:hdl
1852:doi
1793:doi
1713:doi
1663:doi
1611:PMC
1601:doi
1516:doi
1455:doi
1451:118
1403:PMC
1393:doi
1338:PMC
1330:doi
1326:383
1297:doi
1241:278
1102:312
837:PMC
829:doi
765:hdl
757:doi
457:key
380:'s
212:or
157:or
123:to
108:by
104:as
60:by
3226::
2272:-
2226:)
2215:,
2144:.
2133:-
2091:-
2031:-
2010:-
1962:-
1926:)
1905:-
1868:.
1858:.
1848:47
1846:.
1821:.
1799:.
1789:14
1787:.
1733:^
1719:.
1709:53
1707:.
1703:.
1669:.
1659:89
1657:.
1635:}}
1631:{{
1619:.
1609:.
1597:13
1595:.
1591:.
1579:^
1567:}}
1563:{{
1538:}}
1534:{{
1522:.
1512:50
1510:.
1497:^
1485:}}
1481:{{
1469:.
1461:.
1449:.
1427:}}
1423:{{
1411:.
1401:.
1387:.
1383:.
1362:}}
1358:{{
1346:.
1336:.
1324:.
1320:.
1293:61
1291:.
1287:.
1270:56
1268:.
1243:.
1183:^
1129:.
1104:.
1070:.
1035:}}
1031:{{
962:.
942:^
876:.
874:11
845:.
835:.
827:.
815:.
811:.
773:.
763:.
751:.
739:^
336:,
312:.
205:.
193:,
139:)
96:A
2894:e
2887:t
2880:v
2408:e
2401:t
2394:v
2211:(
2167:.
2122:)
2103:)
2095:(
2035::
1985:(
1974:)
1966:(
1953:)
1876:.
1862::
1854::
1831:.
1807:.
1795::
1757:.
1727:.
1715::
1677:.
1665::
1641:)
1627:.
1603::
1573:)
1544:)
1530:.
1518::
1491:)
1477:.
1457::
1433:)
1419:.
1395::
1389:7
1368:)
1354:.
1332::
1305:.
1299::
1253:.
1222:.
1140:.
1114:.
1081:.
1041:)
997:.
972:.
936:.
911:.
886:.
853:.
831::
823::
817:3
781:.
767::
759::
753:1
581:"
279:.
87:)
81:(
76:)
72:(
54:.
31:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.