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110:. He was the earliest oil painter in Canton. He painted portraits of Chinese and Western merchants and sea captains in the Western style painting with oil on canvas rather than ink on paper or silk in the Chinese style. He created paintings of Chinese hong merchants Eshing (silk merchant) and
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Glimpses of China
Through the Export Watercolours of the 18th-19th Centuries: A Selection from the British Museum's Collection
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Corrigan, Karina. "A World of
Connections at the Peabody Essex Museum".
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Tokens of exchange: the problem of translation in global circulations
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provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject
263:"Rise & Fall of the Canton System: III Canton & Hong Kong"
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283:"Spoilum's Lord Macartney painting could make $ 175,000"
122:, and is said to have traveled extensively in the West.
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236:. Durham (N.C.): Duke University Press. p. 243.
301:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 33–34.
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299:The Reception of Chinese Art Across Cultures
59:Learn how and when to remove this message
269:. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
148:(Master thesis). University of London.
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41:providing more context for the reader
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212:Rise & Fall of the Canton System
106:between 1785 and 1810, during the
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139:Carbone, Iside (August 2002).
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75:Portrait of Eshing, by Spoilum
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316:18th-century Chinese painters
232:Liu, Lydia H., ed. (1999).
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341:19th-century male artists
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208:"Spoilum (Guan Zuolin)"
326:Artists from Guangzhou
169:Antiques and Fine Arts
116:reverse glass painting
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261:Perdue, Peter C.
243:978-0-8223-2424-9
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104:Guangzhou
49:May 2014
120:Lam Qua
85:Chinese
80:Spoilum
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