55:. 2SFCA is based on the accessibility measure developed by Shen (1998), who used it to compare accessibility to jobs among workers residing in different locations and traveling by different transportation means, and more generally, to measure accessibility to spatially distributed opportunities that have capacity limitations (i.e., rival goods). 2SFCA was inspired by the spatial decomposition idea first proposed by Radke and Mu (2000).
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is a method for combining a number of related types of information into a single, immediately meaningful, index that allows comparisons to be made across different locations. Its importance lies in the improvement over considering the individual sources of information separately, where none on its
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environment. In essence, applying the accessibility measure formulated by Shen (1998) the 2SFCA method is an automated procedure for measuring spatial accessibility as a ratio of primary-care physicians to population, combining two steps:
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The 2SFCA method not only has most of the advantages of a gravity model, but is also intuitive to interpret, as it uses essentially a special form of physician-to-population ratio. It is easy to implement in a
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it first assesses “physician availability” at the physicians' (supply) locations as the ratio of physicians to their surrounding population (i.e., within a threshold travel time from the physicians)
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McGrail, Matthew R.; Humphreys, John S. (2009). "Measuring spatial accessibility to primary care in rural areas: Improving the effectiveness of the two-step floating catchment area method".
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Furthermore, the use of capping certain services according to nearby population size, can improve the accuracy when analyzing across areas of different environments (i.e. rural and urban).
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Luo, W., Wang, F., 2003a. Spatial accessibility to primary care and physician shortage area designation: a case study in
Illinois with GIS approaches. In: Skinner, R., Khan, O. (Eds.),
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it sums up the ratios (i.e., physician availability derived in the first step) around (i.e., within the same threshold travel time from) each residential (demand) location.
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336:"Assessing spatial and nonspatial factors for healthcare access: towards an integrated approach to defining health professional shortage areas"
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265:"An enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method for measuring spatial accessibility to primary care physicians"
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Shen, Q. (1998). "Location characteristics of inner-city neighborhoods and employment accessibility of low-wage workers".
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219:"Measures of spatial accessibility to health care in a GIS environment: synthesis and a case study in the Chicago region"
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The method has been applied to other related public health issues, such as access to healthy food retailers.
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within catchments and called the enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method.
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Wang, F. 2006. Quantitative
Methods and Applications in GIS. London: CRC Press.
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Chen, X. (2017). "Take the edge off: A hybrid geographic food access measure".
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The two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method is a special case of a
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192:. Idea Group Publishing, Hershey, PA, pp. 260–278.
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that was developed to measure spatial accessibility to
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