25:
2152:
386:
2162:
378:. In Burge's words, anti-individualism is a theory that asserts the following: âindividuating many of a person or animalâs mental kinds ⊠is necessarily dependent on relations that the person bears to the physical, or in some cases social, environment". This view, and some variants, has been called "content externalism", or just "
438:
is a controversial thesis. It has been disputed on a number of grounds. For example, it has been claimed that the thesis undermines a person's authoritative knowledge of their own thought contents. (See, e.g., McKinsey 1991.) It has also been thought to cause problems for our understanding of the way
465:
heavily informed by empirical psychology. The book was described by one reviewer as "an absolutely terrific work, conceived and executed at a scale and level of ambition rarely seen in contemporary philosophy." Another reviewer described it as "imperious" and "poorly written", offering "broad but
530:
devoted mostly to Burge's work on anti-individualism, including extensive replies from Burge to the contributors, has also appeared (Hahn and
Ramberg 2003). Since 1978, four of Burge's articles have been chosen as among "the ten best" of the year by
382:." Burge favors "anti-individualism" over this terminology, in part because he considers the central issue to be what individuates content, rather than where contents may be located, as "externalism" may suggest. (Burge 2003, 435â6).
838:
416:
in the respective physical environments. As with the "arthritis" thought experiment, dependence of thought on the physical environment is a conclusion that is supposed to follow purely from
2920:
3015:
2955:
2925:
2990:
54:
3010:
1114:
2198:
486:. A collection of his writings on Frege, along with a substantial introduction and several postscripts by the author, has been published (Burge, 2005). In
2890:
2885:
2875:
2870:
2965:
2910:
2900:
2880:
2865:
2839:
2975:
2995:
2980:
816:
861:
2799:
2165:
1321:
924:
618:
603:
588:
346:
3005:
2970:
874:
3020:
2985:
2945:
2526:
1086:
2834:
1362:
2521:
1281:
333:
and John
Wallace. He joined the UCLA faculty that year (1971), and has taught there ever since, with visiting professorships also at
2940:
1107:
1058:
573:
558:
94:
2905:
2191:
443:
cause behavior. (See, e.g., Fodor 1991.) Burge (1988) has argued that anti-individualism is compatible with knowledge of our own
389:
The patient's belief that arthritis is in his thigh depends on conventional meaning as determined by the linguistic community.
2915:
2708:
2641:
2092:
354:
802:
2829:
2656:
2308:
2215:
1786:
1266:
330:
170:
70:
2474:
2248:
2155:
1667:
1589:
1306:
1100:
3000:
2930:
2824:
2184:
491:
427:, arguing that the contents of representations posited by a computational theory of vision, such as that pioneered by
46:
2573:
2563:
1367:
1261:
50:
2895:
2803:
2723:
2448:
2378:
2368:
1969:
1746:
1159:
428:
2807:
1539:
2681:
2506:
1821:
153:
862:
http://129.199.13.77/seminaires-colloques/conferences-et-prix-jean-nicod/archives/tyler-burge-2010/?lang=en
2950:
2758:
2753:
2661:
1405:
1377:
1352:
1154:
298:
210:
2743:
2501:
506:, as well as on self-reflection (Burge 2013). He is perhaps most well known for his contributions to the
35:
2733:
2671:
2621:
2595:
2496:
2383:
2358:
2233:
2048:
2004:
1503:
1316:
1164:
302:
39:
393:
Burge argues in a similar fashion that a person's beliefs are dependent on the physical world. In his
2960:
2935:
2860:
2778:
2511:
1226:
326:
136:
824:
2458:
2288:
1870:
1801:
1579:
1410:
1392:
1356:
1276:
1231:
1221:
1123:
334:
318:
290:
175:
131:
63:
2811:
2686:
2536:
2207:
2043:
1761:
1718:
1687:
1677:
1637:
1495:
1475:
1336:
1296:
1291:
1216:
515:
511:
507:
394:
375:
338:
286:
235:
215:
163:
2128:
956:
2748:
2605:
2318:
2223:
1880:
1857:
1847:
1781:
1662:
1597:
1331:
1236:
1054:
920:
614:
599:
584:
569:
554:
483:
74:
59:
461:
Burge published his first book-length monograph in 2010, offering a philosophical account of
431:, are dependent on the environment of the organism's evolutionary history. (See Burge 1986.)
2590:
2583:
2548:
2531:
2516:
2338:
1933:
1910:
1900:
1723:
1672:
1569:
1425:
968:
889:
788:
774:
667:
526:, the view that the content of one's thoughts depends partly on the external environment. A
424:
358:
314:
253:
2433:
2293:
2253:
2084:
2064:
2038:
2012:
1905:
1895:
1875:
1607:
1574:
1465:
1450:
1301:
1286:
1206:
1185:
417:
350:
195:
1071:
941:
2693:
2543:
2438:
2348:
2313:
2283:
2268:
2238:
2112:
1994:
1865:
1796:
1791:
1756:
1657:
1554:
1523:
1508:
1470:
1460:
1415:
1190:
519:
405:
914:
2854:
2773:
2698:
2651:
2568:
2558:
2463:
2418:
2413:
2388:
2363:
2353:
2333:
2258:
2133:
2102:
2097:
1989:
1984:
1964:
1954:
1920:
1890:
1885:
1816:
1811:
1741:
1733:
1710:
1617:
1564:
1455:
1420:
1382:
1311:
1211:
1180:
596:
Cognition
Through Understanding: Self-Knowledge, Interlocution, Reasoning, Reflection
479:
444:
440:
1076:
385:
2728:
2718:
2713:
2676:
2626:
2423:
2403:
2393:
2323:
2243:
2022:
1938:
1806:
1751:
1700:
1647:
1642:
1602:
1549:
1518:
1513:
1485:
1445:
1372:
1256:
1149:
495:
487:
401:
294:
220:
750:
2794:
2768:
2578:
2491:
2468:
2443:
2428:
2398:
2328:
2303:
2273:
2107:
2074:
2069:
2017:
1979:
1974:
1959:
1928:
1842:
1652:
1622:
1612:
1559:
1544:
1480:
1144:
527:
523:
379:
274:
2631:
2553:
2453:
2373:
2343:
2298:
1826:
1695:
1632:
1627:
1326:
972:
475:
466:
shallow surveys of the sensory and perceptual powers of animals and infants".
462:
397:
he attempted to demonstrate that all thoughts and beliefs have wide contents.
282:
1072:"Externalism about Mental Content" in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
2703:
2636:
2600:
2263:
2228:
1400:
1271:
893:
499:
448:
400:
In âThe
Meaning of Meaningâ (1975), Putnam had argued that the meaning of a
271:
694:
1990. "Frege on Sense and
Linguistic Meaning". in Bell & Cooper (1990).
447:. He has also argued that it presents no problems for our understanding of
423:
Burge has extended the thesis of anti-individualism into the realm of the
435:
409:
2646:
1092:
2763:
2176:
1042:
McKinsey, Michael. 1991. "Anti-Individualism and
Privileged Access".
993:
503:
413:
2408:
1081:
1077:"Narrow Mental Content" in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
384:
2738:
2666:
1037:
Reflections and
Replies: Essays on the Philosophy of Tyler Burge
278:
185:
2180:
1096:
1051:
Meaning, Basic Self-Knowledge, and Mind: Essays on Tyler Burge
342:
322:
18:
259:
1021:
Fodor, Jerry. 1991. "A Modal
Argument for Narrow Content".
957:"What do your senses say? On Burge's theory of perception"
262:
57:
and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
412:
is attributable to the difference between the nature of
1028:
Haaparanta, Leila & Hintikka, Jaakko (eds.). 1986.
673:
478:, Burge has published articles on the philosophy of
256:
2787:
2614:
2484:
2214:
2121:
2083:
2057:
2031:
2003:
1947:
1919:
1856:
1835:
1774:
1732:
1709:
1686:
1588:
1532:
1494:
1438:
1391:
1345:
1249:
1199:
1173:
1137:
1130:
803:"American Academy of Arts and Sciences | UCLA"
701:, Vol. 101, pp. 633â650.12, pp. 697â720.
687:1989. "Individuation and Causation in Psychology".
229:
201:
191:
181:
169:
159:
149:
124:
116:
109:
1049:Maria J. Frapolli and Esther Romero (eds.). 2003.
718:2003. "Reply to Loar". In Hahn and Ramberg (1991).
652:1982. "Other Bodies". In Woodfield, Andrew, ed.,
404:term such as âwaterâ depends on the nature of the
277:who is a Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at
281:. Burge has made contributions to many areas of
2921:American consciousness researchers and theorists
3016:University of California, Los Angeles faculty
2956:Members of the American Philosophical Society
2192:
1108:
1035:Hahn, Martin and BjĂžrn Ramberg (eds.). 2003.
1014:Bell, David & Cooper, Neil (eds.). 1990.
349:since 1993 and a Corresponding Fellow of the
8:
2926:Corresponding fellows of the British Academy
715:New Series, Vol. 96 (1996), pp. 91â116.
38:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
711:1996. "Our Entitlement to Self-Knowledge".
408:. Burge argues that the difference in the
353:since 1999. In 2007, he was elected to the
53:and maintains a consistent citation style.
2199:
2185:
2177:
1706:
1491:
1388:
1134:
1115:
1101:
1093:
919:. Oxford University Press. 30 April 2010.
697:1992. "Frege on Knowing the Third Realm".
680:1988. "Individualism and Self-Knowledge".
106:
95:Learn how and when to remove this message
723:Philosophy and Phenomenological Research
713:Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society,
420:on the cases in the thought experiment.
2991:American philosophers of social science
742:
645:1979. "Individualism and the Mental".
551:Truth, Thought, Reason: Essays on Frege
659:1986. "Individualism and Psychology."
3011:UCLA Department of Philosophy faculty
2800:Philosophy of artificial intelligence
677:, Vol. 83, No. 12, pp. 697â720.
347:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
732:, Vol. 112, No. 3, pp. 289â337.
708:, Vol. 102, No. 4, pp. 457â488.
1087:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
642:, Vol. 88, No. 3, pp. 398â432.
635:, Vol. 74, No. 6, pp. 338â362.
490:, he has written on such topics as
357:. He was the recipient of the 2010
45:Please consider converting them to
2891:21st-century American philosophers
2886:21st-century American male writers
2876:20th-century American philosophers
2871:20th-century American male writers
875:"Individuation and Self-Knowledge"
345:. He is an elected Fellow of the
14:
2966:American philosophers of language
2911:American male non-fiction writers
2901:American historians of philosophy
940:Begby, Endre (28 February 2011).
2160:
2151:
2150:
1025:, Vol. 88, No. 1, pp. 5â26.
721:2003. "Perceptual Entitlement".
252:
23:
2881:21st-century American essayists
2866:20th-century American essayists
755:Department of Philosophy - UCLA
689:Pacific Philosophical Quarterly
638:1979. "Sinning against Frege".
228:
2976:American philosophers of logic
1363:Analyticâsynthetic distinction
1009:References and further reading
873:Burge, Tyler (November 1988).
704:1993. "Content Preservation".
611:Perception: First Form of Mind
355:American Philosophical Society
49:to ensure the article remains
1:
2996:American philosophy academics
2981:American philosophers of mind
2657:Hard problem of consciousness
961:Grazer Philosophische Studien
647:Midwest Studies in Philosophy
329:in 1971 where he worked with
955:Gauker, Christopher (2012).
817:"Sections - British Academy"
728:2003. "Memory and Persons".
725:, Vol. 67, pp. 503â548.
313:In 1967, Burge received his
3006:Princeton University alumni
2971:Philosophers of linguistics
1039:. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
666:1986. "Frege on Truth". in
613:. Oxford University Press,
598:. Oxford University Press,
583:. Oxford University Press,
568:. Oxford University Press,
553:. Oxford University Press,
120:1946 (age 77–78)
3037:
3021:Wesleyan University alumni
2986:Philosophers of psychology
2946:Jean Nicod Prize laureates
1262:Causal theory of reference
2820:
2379:Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
2369:David Lewis (philosopher)
2146:
1023:The Journal of Philosophy
973:10.1163/9789401208338_016
882:The Journal of Philosophy
682:The Journal of Philosophy
675:The Journal of Philosophy
633:The Journal of Philosophy
522:, which is also known as
510:, including his views on
434:Anti-individualism about
241:
145:
2941:American epistemologists
1322:Scientific structuralism
942:"Origins of Objectivity"
730:The Philosophical Review
706:The Philosophical Review
640:The Philosophical Review
533:The Philosopher's Annual
470:Other philosophical work
2906:American male essayists
2507:Eliminative materialism
894:10.5840/jphil1988851112
789:"Tyler Burge - Faculty"
775:"Tyler Burge - Faculty"
751:"Tyler Burge - Faculty"
154:Contemporary philosophy
2759:Propositional attitude
2754:Problem of other minds
2662:Hypostatic abstraction
1378:Reflective equilibrium
1016:The Analytic Tradition
998:philosophersannual.org
916:Origins of Objectivity
670:& Hintikka (1986).
631:1977. "Belief De Re".
581:Origins of Objectivity
456:Origins of Objectivity
390:
299:philosophy of language
211:Philosophy of language
2916:Analytic philosophers
2830:Philosophers category
2734:Mental representation
2497:Biological naturalism
2384:Maurice Merleau-Ponty
2359:Frank Cameron Jackson
2049:Nicholas Wolterstorff
1504:David Malet Armstrong
1053:, CSLI Publications,
476:history of philosophy
388:
374:Burge has argued for
303:history of philosophy
2512:Emergent materialism
1032:. Boston: D. Reidel.
1018:, Oxford: Blackwell.
843:search.amphilsoc.org
839:"APS Member History"
661:Philosophical Review
656:. New York: Oxford.
451:. (See Burge 1989.)
327:Princeton University
309:Education and career
137:Princeton University
16:American philosopher
2709:Language of thought
2459:Ludwig Wittgenstein
2289:Patricia Churchland
1871:Patricia Churchland
1802:Christine Korsgaard
1688:Logical positivists
1580:Ludwig Wittgenstein
1357:paradox of analysis
1124:Analytic philosophy
626:Articles (selected)
566:Foundations of Mind
514:and, most notably,
335:Stanford University
325:in philosophy from
319:Wesleyan University
291:philosophy of logic
270:; born 1946) is an
132:Wesleyan University
3001:Philosophy writers
2931:Descartes scholars
2537:Neurophenomenology
2208:Philosophy of mind
2044:William Lane Craig
1762:Friedrich Waismann
1719:Carl Gustav Hempel
1678:Timothy Williamson
1638:Alasdair MacIntyre
1496:Australian realism
1476:Russ Shafer-Landau
1337:Analytical Thomism
1292:Logical positivism
654:Thought and Object
516:anti-individualism
508:philosophy of mind
395:thought experiment
391:
376:anti-individualism
370:Anti-individualism
365:Philosophical work
339:Harvard University
287:philosophy of mind
236:Anti-individualism
216:philosophy of mind
164:Western philosophy
2848:
2847:
2744:Mindâbody problem
2642:Cognitive closure
2606:Substance dualism
2224:G. E. M. Anscombe
2174:
2173:
2142:
2141:
1858:Pittsburgh School
1848:Peter van Inwagen
1782:Roderick Chisholm
1770:
1769:
1663:Richard Swinburne
1598:G. E. M. Anscombe
1434:
1433:
1332:Analytic theology
1307:Ordinary language
1245:
1244:
1030:Frege Synthesized
926:978-0-19-958140-5
619:978-0-19-887100-2
604:978-0-19-967203-5
589:978-0-19-958140-5
245:
244:
192:Doctoral students
105:
104:
97:
55:Several templates
3028:
2896:Action theorists
2596:Representational
2591:Property dualism
2584:Type physicalism
2549:New mysterianism
2517:Epiphenomenalism
2339:Martin Heidegger
2201:
2194:
2187:
2178:
2164:
2163:
2154:
2153:
2093:Nancy Cartwright
1934:Nicholas Rescher
1911:Bas van Fraassen
1901:Nicholas Rescher
1724:Hans Reichenbach
1707:
1673:Bernard Williams
1570:Bertrand Russell
1492:
1426:Rigid designator
1389:
1135:
1131:Related articles
1117:
1110:
1103:
1094:
1002:
1001:
990:
984:
983:
981:
979:
952:
946:
945:
937:
931:
930:
911:
905:
904:
902:
900:
879:
870:
864:
859:
853:
852:
850:
849:
835:
829:
828:
823:. Archived from
821:www.britac.ac.uk
813:
807:
806:
799:
793:
792:
785:
779:
778:
771:
765:
764:
762:
761:
747:
518:with respect to
425:theory of vision
359:Jean Nicod Prize
321:. He earned his
315:bachelor of arts
285:, including the
269:
268:
265:
264:
261:
258:
107:
100:
93:
89:
86:
80:
78:
67:
27:
26:
19:
3036:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3025:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2816:
2783:
2729:Mental property
2622:Abstract object
2610:
2480:
2434:Wilfrid Sellars
2309:Donald Davidson
2294:Paul Churchland
2254:George Berkeley
2210:
2205:
2175:
2170:
2161:
2138:
2129:Jan Ćukasiewicz
2117:
2085:Stanford School
2079:
2065:Paul Feyerabend
2053:
2039:Alvin Plantinga
2027:
2013:James F. Conant
1999:
1943:
1915:
1906:Wilfrid Sellars
1896:Alexander Pruss
1876:Paul Churchland
1852:
1831:
1787:Donald Davidson
1766:
1728:
1705:
1682:
1608:Michael Dummett
1584:
1575:Frank P. Ramsey
1528:
1490:
1466:Jaakko Hintikka
1451:Keith Donnellan
1430:
1387:
1341:
1302:Neurophilosophy
1287:Logical atomism
1241:
1195:
1169:
1126:
1121:
1068:
1011:
1006:
1005:
992:
991:
987:
977:
975:
954:
953:
949:
939:
938:
934:
927:
913:
912:
908:
898:
896:
877:
872:
871:
867:
860:
856:
847:
845:
837:
836:
832:
815:
814:
810:
801:
800:
796:
787:
786:
782:
773:
772:
768:
759:
757:
749:
748:
744:
739:
628:
546:
541:
472:
459:
372:
367:
351:British Academy
331:Donald Davidson
311:
255:
251:
232:
225:
204:
196:Linda Zagzebski
141:
125:Alma mater
112:
101:
90:
84:
81:
69:
58:
44:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3034:
3032:
3024:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2853:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2797:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2724:Mental process
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2694:Intentionality
2691:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2544:Neutral monism
2541:
2540:
2539:
2529:
2527:Interactionism
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2439:Baruch Spinoza
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2349:Edmund Husserl
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2319:René Descartes
2316:
2314:Daniel Dennett
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2284:David Chalmers
2281:
2276:
2271:
2269:Franz Brentano
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2249:Alexander Bain
2246:
2241:
2239:Thomas Aquinas
2236:
2231:
2226:
2220:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2181:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2158:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2113:Patrick Suppes
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2009:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1995:Michael Walzer
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1925:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1881:Adolf GrĂŒnbaum
1878:
1873:
1868:
1866:Robert Brandom
1862:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1839:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1822:W. V. O. Quine
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1797:Nelson Goodman
1794:
1792:Daniel Dennett
1789:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1757:Moritz Schlick
1754:
1749:
1744:
1738:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1715:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1692:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1668:Charles Taylor
1665:
1660:
1658:P. F. Strawson
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1594:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1555:Norman Malcolm
1552:
1547:
1542:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1524:J. J. C. Smart
1521:
1516:
1511:
1509:David Chalmers
1506:
1500:
1498:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1471:Giuseppe Peano
1468:
1463:
1461:Edmund Gettier
1458:
1453:
1448:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1416:Possible world
1413:
1408:
1403:
1397:
1395:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1368:Counterfactual
1365:
1360:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1227:Paraconsistent
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1141:
1139:
1138:Areas of focus
1132:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1112:
1105:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1082:"Tyler Burge"
1079:
1074:
1067:
1066:External links
1064:
1063:
1062:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1003:
985:
947:
932:
925:
906:
865:
854:
830:
827:on 2015-07-06.
808:
794:
780:
766:
741:
740:
738:
735:
734:
733:
726:
719:
716:
709:
702:
695:
692:
685:
678:
671:
664:
657:
650:
643:
636:
627:
624:
623:
622:
607:
592:
577:
562:
545:
542:
540:
537:
520:mental content
492:self-knowledge
484:René Descartes
471:
468:
458:
453:
406:physical world
371:
368:
366:
363:
310:
307:
243:
242:
239:
238:
233:
230:
227:
226:
224:
223:
218:
213:
207:
205:
203:Main interests
202:
199:
198:
193:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
173:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
143:
142:
140:
139:
134:
128:
126:
122:
121:
118:
114:
113:
110:
103:
102:
47:full citations
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3033:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2951:Living people
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2774:Understanding
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2699:Introspection
2697:
2695:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2652:Consciousness
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2574:Phenomenology
2572:
2570:
2569:Phenomenalism
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2559:Occasionalism
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2532:NaĂŻve realism
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2522:Functionalism
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2464:Stephen Yablo
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2419:Richard Rorty
2417:
2415:
2414:Hilary Putnam
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2389:Marvin Minsky
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2364:Immanuel Kant
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2354:William James
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2259:Henri Bergson
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2190:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2167:
2159:
2157:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2135:
2134:Alfred Tarski
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2103:Peter Galison
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1990:Nathan Salmon
1988:
1986:
1985:Richard Rorty
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1955:Alonzo Church
1953:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1891:Ruth Millikan
1889:
1887:
1886:John McDowell
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1817:Hilary Putnam
1815:
1813:
1812:Robert Nozick
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1742:Rudolf Carnap
1740:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1734:Vienna Circle
1731:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1711:Berlin Circle
1708:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1618:Philippa Foot
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1565:Graham Priest
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1545:Charlie Broad
1543:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1456:Gottlob Frege
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1383:Supervenience
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1282:Functionalism
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1267:Descriptivism
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1232:Philosophical
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1222:Non-classical
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1059:1-57586-346-4
1056:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1008:
999:
995:
989:
986:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
951:
948:
943:
936:
933:
928:
922:
918:
917:
910:
907:
895:
891:
887:
883:
876:
869:
866:
863:
858:
855:
844:
840:
834:
831:
826:
822:
818:
812:
809:
804:
798:
795:
790:
784:
781:
776:
770:
767:
756:
752:
746:
743:
736:
731:
727:
724:
720:
717:
714:
710:
707:
703:
700:
696:
693:
690:
686:
683:
679:
676:
672:
669:
665:
662:
658:
655:
651:
648:
644:
641:
637:
634:
630:
629:
625:
620:
616:
612:
608:
605:
601:
597:
593:
590:
586:
582:
578:
575:
574:0-19-921623-1
571:
567:
563:
560:
559:0-19-927853-9
556:
552:
548:
547:
543:
538:
536:
534:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
496:interlocution
493:
489:
485:
481:
480:Gottlob Frege
477:
469:
467:
464:
457:
454:
452:
450:
446:
445:mental states
442:
441:mental states
437:
432:
430:
426:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
398:
396:
387:
383:
381:
377:
369:
364:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
308:
306:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
273:
267:
249:
240:
237:
234:
231:Notable ideas
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
208:
206:
200:
197:
194:
190:
187:
184:
180:
177:
174:
172:
168:
165:
162:
158:
155:
152:
148:
144:
138:
135:
133:
130:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
108:
99:
96:
88:
76:
75:documentation
72:
65:
64:documentation
61:
56:
52:
48:
43:
41:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
2810: /
2806: /
2802: /
2719:Mental image
2714:Mental event
2677:Intelligence
2627:Chinese room
2473:
2424:Gilbert Ryle
2404:Derek Parfit
2394:Thomas Nagel
2324:Fred Dretske
2278:
2244:J. L. Austin
2216:Philosophers
2023:Cora Diamond
1939:Morton White
1807:Thomas Nagel
1752:Otto Neurath
1701:Ernest Nagel
1648:Gilbert Ryle
1643:Derek Parfit
1603:J. L. Austin
1550:Casimir Lewy
1519:Peter Singer
1514:J. L. Mackie
1486:Barry Stroud
1446:Noam Chomsky
1439:Philosophers
1373:Natural kind
1257:Anti-realism
1217:Mathematical
1191:Performative
1150:Epistemology
1085:
1050:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1015:
997:
988:
976:. Retrieved
964:
960:
950:
935:
915:
909:
897:. Retrieved
885:
881:
868:
857:
846:. Retrieved
842:
833:
825:the original
820:
811:
797:
783:
769:
758:. Retrieved
754:
745:
729:
722:
712:
705:
698:
691:70: 303â322.
688:
684:85: 649â663.
681:
674:
660:
653:
646:
639:
632:
610:
595:
580:
565:
550:
539:Bibliography
532:
512:de re belief
488:epistemology
473:
460:
455:
433:
422:
402:natural kind
399:
392:
373:
312:
295:epistemology
247:
246:
221:epistemology
182:Institutions
91:
82:
71:Citation bot
33:
2961:Ontologists
2936:Empiricists
2861:1946 births
2804:information
2795:Metaphysics
2769:Tabula rasa
2579:Physicalism
2564:Parallelism
2492:Behaviorism
2449:Michael Tye
2444:Alan Turing
2429:John Searle
2304:Dharmakirti
2279:Tyler Burge
2274:C. D. Broad
2122:Lwow-Warsaw
2108:Ian Hacking
2075:Karl Popper
2070:Thomas Kuhn
2018:Alice Crary
1980:Saul Kripke
1975:Jaegwon Kim
1970:David Lewis
1960:Jerry Fodor
1929:Susan Haack
1843:Robert Audi
1653:John Searle
1623:Peter Geach
1613:Antony Flew
1560:G. E. Moore
1481:Ernest Sosa
1411:Possibility
1160:Mathematics
1145:Metaphysics
978:12 November
967:: 311â323.
899:26 December
888:(11): 650.
528:festschrift
524:externalism
380:externalism
275:philosopher
248:Tyler Burge
111:Tyler Burge
85:August 2022
2855:Categories
2840:Task Force
2808:perception
2682:Artificial
2632:Creativity
2554:Nondualism
2454:Vasubandhu
2374:John Locke
2344:David Hume
2299:Andy Clark
2098:John Dupré
1965:Kurt Gödel
1921:Pragmatism
1836:Notre Dame
1827:John Rawls
1696:A. J. Ayer
1633:R. M. Hare
1628:Paul Grice
1540:Arif Ahmed
1327:Sense data
1312:Pragmatism
1186:Linguistic
848:2021-08-25
760:2021-08-25
668:Haaparanta
649:4: 73â121.
463:perception
429:David Marr
418:reflection
301:, and the
283:philosophy
51:verifiable
2704:Intuition
2637:Cognition
2601:Solipsism
2264:Ned Block
2234:Armstrong
2229:Aristotle
1948:Princeton
1747:Hans Hahn
1533:Cambridge
1406:Necessity
1401:Actualism
1272:Emotivism
1237:Predicate
1207:Classical
1046:51: 9â16.
663:45: 3-45.
500:reasoning
449:causation
36:bare URLs
2825:Category
2672:Identity
2615:Concepts
2485:Theories
2469:Zhuangzi
2399:Alva Noë
2156:Category
2032:Reformed
2005:Quietism
1393:Modality
1353:Analysis
1346:Concepts
1317:Quietism
1277:Feminism
1250:Theories
1155:Language
1044:Analysis
436:thoughts
410:thoughts
272:American
176:Analytic
40:link rot
2835:Project
2788:Related
2647:Concept
2502:Dualism
2475:more...
2334:Goldman
2058:Science
1775:Harvard
1421:Realism
1297:Marxism
1212:Deviant
1181:Aretaic
1165:Science
1084:in the
474:In the
2779:Zombie
2764:Qualia
1590:Oxford
1057:
994:"Home"
923:
617:
609:2022.
602:
594:2013.
587:
579:2010.
572:
564:2007.
557:
549:2005.
504:memory
414:stuffs
341:, and
171:School
160:Region
60:reFill
2687:Human
2409:Plato
2329:Fodor
2166:Index
1200:Logic
1174:Turns
878:(PDF)
737:Notes
544:Books
439:that
317:from
34:uses
2812:self
2749:Pain
2739:Mind
2667:Idea
1055:ISBN
980:2022
921:ISBN
901:2014
699:Mind
615:ISBN
600:ISBN
585:ISBN
570:ISBN
555:ISBN
502:and
482:and
279:UCLA
186:UCLA
117:Born
68:and
969:doi
890:doi
343:MIT
323:PhD
260:ÉËr
150:Era
2857::
996:.
965:85
963:.
959:.
886:85
884:.
880:.
841:.
819:.
753:.
535:.
498:,
494:,
361:.
337:,
305:.
297:,
293:,
289:,
263:dÊ
2200:e
2193:t
2186:v
1359:)
1355:(
1116:e
1109:t
1102:v
1061:.
1000:.
982:.
971::
944:.
929:.
903:.
892::
851:.
805:.
791:.
777:.
763:.
621:.
606:.
591:.
576:.
561:.
266:/
257:b
254:/
250:(
98:)
92:(
87:)
83:(
79:.
77:)
73:(
66:)
62:(
42:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.