46:
340:
352:
453:
492:
368:
1857:
591:
of THC is difficult due to high costs and low yields. Therefore, the use of THCA synthase for the production of THC has been explored, as CBGA is easy to synthesize and THCA readily decarboxylates to form THC. Biosynthesis of THCA by expressing THCA synthase in organisms has been attempted in
623:
Shoyama Y, Tamada T, Kurihara K, Takeuchi A, Taura F, Arai S, Blaber M, Shoyama Y, Morimoto S, Kuroki R (October 2012). "Structure and function of ∆1-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase, the enzyme controlling the psychoactivity of
Cannabis sativa".
1124:
Zirpel B, Stehle F, Kayser O (September 2015). "Production of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid from cannabigerolic acid by whole cells of Pichia (Komagataella) pastoris expressing Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase from
Cannabis sativa L".
339:
269:. Therefore, THCA synthase is considered to be a key enzyme controlling cannabis psychoactivity. Polymorphisms of THCA synthase result in varying levels of THC in Cannabis plants, resulting in
659:
Staginnus C, Zörntlein S, de Meijer E (July 2014). "A PCR marker linked to a THCA synthase polymorphism is a reliable tool to discriminate potentially THC-rich plants of
Cannabis sativa L".
702:
Kojoma M, Seki H, Yoshida S, Muranaka T (June 2006). "DNA polymorphisms in the tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase gene in "drug-type" and "fiber-type" Cannabis sativa L".
440:
1516:
1379:
1521:
351:
188:
530:. Because these products are toxic to the plant, THCA synthase is secreted into the trichome storage cavity. THCA also acts as a necrosis-inducing factor by opening
1269:
1217:
Lange K, Schmid A, Julsing MK (October 2015). "Δ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase production in Pichia pastoris enables chemical synthesis of cannabinoids".
774:"The gene controlling marijuana psychoactivity: molecular cloning and heterologous expression of Delta1-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase from Cannabis sativa L"
319:
and is covalently bound to FAD. Domain II comprises five alpha helices surrounded by eight beta sheets. Enzymes that share similar amino acid sequences include the
207:
531:
333:
with neighboring amino acid main chains and side chains. The co-crystallization of THCA synthase with substrate or product has not been accomplished yet.
864:"Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase, the enzyme controlling marijuana psychoactivity, is secreted into the storage cavity of the glandular trichomes"
1384:
745:
Taura F, Morimoto S, Shoyama Y, Mechoulam R (1995). "First direct evidence for the mechanism of Δ-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid biosynthesis".
545:, the principal psychoactive component of cannabis. Further degradation by temperature, auto-oxidation, and light forms cannabinol. THC and other
905:"Identification and characterization of cannabinoids that induce cell death through mitochondrial permeability transition in Cannabis leaf cells"
472:
group by a tyrosine residue. The monoterpene moiety in CBGA is then positioned to complete cyclization into THCA. Oxidation of reduced FAD by O
45:
1262:
345:
FAD cofactor (in green) is located between domain I and domain II of THCA synthase. Alpha helices are cyan and beta sheets are magenta.
1576:
1543:
200:
1350:
297:
1255:
592:
bacteria, insects, and tobacco plants with limited success. Production of THCA on a milligram scale has been demonstrated in
167:
143:
1732:
560:
is a flavoprotein that catalyzes a similar oxidative cyclization of CPGA into CBDA, the dominant cannabinoid constituent of
1170:"Synthesis of (-)-Delta9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol: stereocontrol via Mo-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation reaction"
1882:
329:
The FAD moiety is the location of enzymatic activity and is covalently bound to His114 and Cys176. FAD is also bound by
1538:
557:
457:
380:
308:
240:
31:
1847:
304:
1717:
1833:
1820:
1807:
1794:
1781:
1768:
1755:
1489:
1440:
1417:
1394:
1360:
1332:
1292:
1727:
161:
1681:
1624:
1498:
1430:
1374:
1283:
289:
66:
1398:
148:
1629:
383:
416:
group compared to CBGA, suggesting that the carboxyl group of CBGA is necessary for the reaction to occur.
300:
425:
212:
1650:
1569:
405:
248:
136:
1722:
549:
are well-known to reduce nausea and vomiting and stimulate hunger, particularly in patients undergoing
1305:
542:
252:
404:
of cannabigerolic acid (CBGA). Similar cyclization reactions occur in monoterpene biosynthesis from
1686:
1528:
1503:
813:
Shoyama Y, Takeuchi A, Taura F, Tamada T, Adachi M, Kuroki R, Shoyama Y, Morimoto S (August 2005).
244:
164:
772:
Sirikantaramas S, Morimoto S, Shoyama Y, Ishikawa Y, Wada Y, Shoyama Y, Taura F (September 2004).
88:
1877:
1619:
1508:
1150:
1082:"Cannabidiolic-acid synthase, the chemotype-determining enzyme in the fiber-type Cannabis sativa"
1062:
903:
Morimoto S, Tanaka Y, Sasaki K, Tanaka H, Fukamizu T, Shoyama Y, Shoyama Y, Taura F (July 2007).
727:
684:
588:
401:
1234:
1199:
1142:
1103:
1054:
1019:
967:
926:
885:
844:
795:
719:
676:
641:
523:
477:
293:
256:
155:
1665:
1660:
1634:
1562:
1369:
1226:
1189:
1181:
1134:
1093:
1046:
1009:
1001:
957:
916:
875:
834:
826:
815:"Crystallization of Delta1-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase from Cannabis sativa"
785:
754:
711:
668:
633:
580:
579:
Demand is high for pharmaceutical grade THC and other cannabinoids due to interest in their
556:
Similar enzymes to THCA synthase catalyze the formation of other cannabinoids. For example,
452:
124:
1712:
1696:
1609:
594:
538:
510:
413:
394:
270:
265:
260:
862:
Sirikantaramas S, Taura F, Tanaka Y, Ishikawa Y, Morimoto S, Shoyama Y (September 2005).
100:
491:
71:
1861:
1750:
1691:
1279:
1247:
1194:
1169:
1014:
989:
839:
814:
183:
326:(BBE), glucooligosaccharide oxidase (GOOX), and aclacinomycin oxidoreductase (AknOx).
1871:
1655:
1614:
1345:
1080:
Taura F, Sirikantaramas S, Shoyama Y, Yoshikai K, Shoyama Y, Morimoto S (June 2007).
515:
469:
465:
330:
1154:
731:
715:
688:
495:
Reaction mechanism of THCA synthase. Modified from
Shoyama et al. J. Mol. Bio. 2012.
1604:
1457:
1066:
550:
527:
409:
376:
367:
320:
1230:
1098:
1081:
534:, inhibiting mitochondrial viability and resulting in senescence in leaf tissues.
371:
Chemical structure of cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), the substrate for THCA synthase.
17:
1828:
1763:
1599:
1407:
568:
546:
398:
312:
1856:
357:
FAD (in green) is covalently bound to histidine 114 and cysteine 176 (in pink).
1444:
1421:
1296:
1138:
830:
637:
408:, but are not oxidative. THCA synthase exhibits no catalytic activity against
316:
1802:
1776:
672:
387:
323:
236:
1238:
1203:
1146:
1107:
1058:
1023:
930:
921:
904:
889:
848:
799:
790:
773:
723:
680:
645:
1005:
971:
946:"Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, a genuine substance of tetrahydrocannabinol"
880:
863:
505:
962:
945:
758:
112:
1448:
131:
1185:
1037:
Guzmán M (October 2003). "Cannabinoids: potential anticancer agents".
51:
1815:
1585:
232:
195:
107:
95:
83:
1050:
944:
Yamauchi T, Shoyama Y, Aramaki H, Azuma T, Nishioka I (July 1967).
1789:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1336:
490:
451:
391:
366:
1462:
1320:
1315:
1310:
561:
274:
119:
1558:
1251:
464:
A hydride is transferred from CBGA to reduce FAD, concerted by
311:
positioned between the two domains. Domain I comprises eight
1554:
429:
307:
is divided into two domains (domains I and II), with a
303:
increases the total mass to approximately 74 kDa. The
1845:
428:
1741:
1705:
1674:
1643:
1592:
1488:
1439:
1416:
1393:
1359:
1331:
1291:
983:
981:
567:. CBDA undergoes a similar decarboxylation to form
206:
194:
182:
177:
154:
142:
130:
118:
106:
94:
82:
77:
65:
60:
38:
1380:4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase
434:
1119:
1117:
618:
616:
614:
612:
610:
1570:
1263:
292:(~500 amino acids) monomeric enzyme with the
8:
504:THCA synthase is expressed in the glandular
263:, which is produced from various strains of
1492:: Acting on X-H and Y-H to form an X-Y bond
532:mitochondrial permeability transition pores
225:Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase
1577:
1563:
1555:
1270:
1256:
1248:
419:The overall chemical reaction is: CBGA + O
174:
44:
1193:
1097:
1013:
961:
920:
879:
838:
789:
583:, but is stymied by legal regulations of
427:
598:yeast cells in two independent studies.
541:of THCA during storage or smoking forms
1852:
1385:7-Hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase
606:
335:
950:Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
587:cultivation in many countries. Direct
514:. THCA synthase may contribute to the
229:Δ-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase
35:
7:
1534:Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase
39:Tetrahydrocannibinolic acid synthase
909:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
778:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
435:{\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }
558:cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) synthase
458:tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA)
25:
994:Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
990:"9-Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid A"
381:flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
309:flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
1855:
1544:Dichlorochromopyrrolate synthase
1168:Trost BM, Dogra K (March 2007).
819:Acta Crystallographica Section F
350:
338:
1351:(Methionine synthase) reductase
716:10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.07.005
460:, the product of THCA synthase.
704:Forensic Science International
1:
1522:(-)-bisdechlorogeodin-forming
1517:(+)-bisdechlorogeodin-forming
1231:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.06.425
1099:10.1016/j.febslet.2007.05.043
522:plants by producing THCA and
1363:: Acting on CH or CH2 groups
988:Moreno-Sanz G (2016-06-01).
661:Journal of Forensic Sciences
626:Journal of Molecular Biology
1539:Cannabidiolic acid synthase
868:Plant & Cell Physiology
247:(CBGA). THCA is the direct
32:Cannabidiolic acid synthase
1899:
253:tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
29:
1733:Michaelis–Menten kinetics
1139:10.1007/s10529-015-1853-x
831:10.1107/S1744309105023365
638:10.1016/j.jmb.2012.06.030
581:potential therapeutic use
173:
43:
1625:Diffusion-limited enzyme
1499:Isopenicillin N synthase
1431:Nitrogenase (flavodoxin)
1375:Ribonucleotide reductase
1219:Journal of Biotechnology
673:10.1111/1556-4029.12448
324:berberine bridge enzyme
1039:Nature Reviews. Cancer
922:10.1074/jbc.M700133200
791:10.1074/jbc.M403693200
496:
461:
456:Chemical structure of
436:
372:
301:N-linked glycosylation
288:THCA synthase is a 60
1718:Eadie–Hofstee diagram
1651:Allosteric regulation
1127:Biotechnology Letters
1006:10.1089/can.2016.0008
494:
455:
437:
406:geranyl pyrophosphate
370:
1883:Tetrahydrocannabinol
1728:Lineweaver–Burk plot
1420:: Acting on reduced
1399:iron–sulfur proteins
1306:Superoxide dismutase
478:hydrogen peroxide (H
426:
1529:Aureusidin synthase
1504:Columbamine oxidase
963:10.1248/cpb.15.1075
759:10.1021/ja00143a024
551:cancer chemotherapy
500:Biological function
245:cannabigerolic acid
1687:Enzyme superfamily
1620:Enzyme promiscuity
1513:Sulochrin oxidase
1509:Reticuline oxidase
881:10.1093/pcp/pci166
589:chemical synthesis
497:
462:
432:
373:
363:Reaction mechanism
305:tertiary structure
298:Post-translational
1843:
1842:
1552:
1551:
1186:10.1021/ol063022k
825:(Pt 8): 799–801.
753:(38): 9766–9767.
526:, which are both
524:hydrogen peroxide
375:THCA synthase, a
294:isoelectric point
239:the formation of
222:
221:
218:
217:
137:metabolic pathway
18:THC acid synthase
16:(Redirected from
1890:
1860:
1859:
1851:
1723:Hanes–Woolf plot
1666:Enzyme activator
1661:Enzyme inhibitor
1635:Enzyme catalysis
1579:
1572:
1565:
1556:
1370:Xanthine oxidase
1272:
1265:
1258:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1197:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1121:
1112:
1111:
1101:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1017:
985:
976:
975:
965:
941:
935:
934:
924:
915:(28): 20739–51.
900:
894:
893:
883:
859:
853:
852:
842:
810:
804:
803:
793:
784:(38): 39767–74.
769:
763:
762:
747:J. Am. Chem. Soc
742:
736:
735:
699:
693:
692:
656:
650:
649:
620:
441:
439:
438:
433:
412:, which lacks a
354:
342:
255:, the principal
235:responsible for
175:
54:
48:
36:
21:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1854:
1846:
1844:
1839:
1751:Oxidoreductases
1737:
1713:Enzyme kinetics
1701:
1697:List of enzymes
1670:
1639:
1610:Catalytic triad
1588:
1583:
1553:
1548:
1484:
1435:
1412:
1389:
1355:
1327:
1287:
1280:oxidoreductases
1276:
1246:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1174:Organic Letters
1167:
1166:
1162:
1123:
1122:
1115:
1092:(16): 2929–34.
1079:
1078:
1074:
1051:10.1038/nrc1188
1036:
1035:
1031:
987:
986:
979:
943:
942:
938:
902:
901:
897:
861:
860:
856:
812:
811:
807:
771:
770:
766:
744:
743:
739:
710:(2–3): 132–40.
701:
700:
696:
658:
657:
653:
622:
621:
608:
604:
595:Pichia pastoris
577:
539:decarboxylation
511:Cannabis sativa
502:
485:
481:
475:
449:
445:
424:
423:
422:
365:
358:
355:
346:
343:
286:
266:Cannabis sativa
56:
50:
34:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1896:
1894:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1864:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1824:
1811:
1798:
1785:
1772:
1759:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1678:
1676:
1675:Classification
1672:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1559:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1495:
1493:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1454:
1452:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1427:
1425:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1404:
1402:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1366:
1364:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1302:
1300:
1289:
1288:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1267:
1260:
1252:
1245:
1244:
1209:
1160:
1133:(9): 1869–75.
1113:
1072:
1045:(10): 745–55.
1029:
1000:(1): 124–130.
977:
936:
895:
874:(9): 1578–82.
854:
805:
764:
737:
694:
651:
605:
603:
600:
576:
573:
537:Non-enzymatic
501:
498:
483:
479:
473:
447:
443:
431:
420:
364:
361:
360:
359:
356:
349:
347:
344:
337:
331:hydrogen bonds
285:
282:
220:
219:
216:
215:
210:
204:
203:
198:
192:
191:
186:
180:
179:
171:
170:
159:
152:
151:
146:
140:
139:
134:
128:
127:
122:
116:
115:
110:
104:
103:
98:
92:
91:
86:
80:
79:
75:
74:
69:
63:
62:
58:
57:
49:
41:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1895:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1796:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1692:Enzyme family
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1656:Cooperativity
1654:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1615:Oxyanion hole
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1580:
1575:
1573:
1568:
1566:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1346:Ceruloplasmin
1344:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1273:
1268:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1213:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
984:
982:
978:
973:
969:
964:
959:
956:(7): 1075–6.
955:
951:
947:
940:
937:
932:
928:
923:
918:
914:
910:
906:
899:
896:
891:
887:
882:
877:
873:
869:
865:
858:
855:
850:
846:
841:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
809:
806:
801:
797:
792:
787:
783:
779:
775:
768:
765:
760:
756:
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748:
741:
738:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
698:
695:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
667:(4): 919–26.
666:
662:
655:
652:
647:
643:
639:
635:
632:(1): 96–105.
631:
627:
619:
617:
615:
613:
611:
607:
601:
599:
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586:
582:
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467:
466:deprotonation
459:
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417:
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389:
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378:
369:
362:
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348:
341:
336:
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332:
327:
325:
322:
321:flavoproteins
318:
314:
313:alpha helices
310:
306:
302:
299:
295:
291:
283:
281:
279:
276:
272:
268:
267:
262:
259:component of
258:
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121:
117:
114:
113:NiceZyme view
111:
109:
105:
102:
99:
97:
93:
90:
87:
85:
81:
76:
73:
70:
68:
64:
59:
53:
47:
42:
37:
33:
19:
1829:Translocases
1826:
1813:
1800:
1787:
1774:
1764:Transferases
1761:
1748:
1605:Binding site
1533:
1458:Glutaredoxin
1443:: Acting on
1397:: Acting on
1335:: Oxidizing
1295:: Acting on
1222:
1218:
1212:
1180:(5): 861–3.
1177:
1173:
1163:
1130:
1126:
1089:
1086:FEBS Letters
1085:
1075:
1042:
1038:
1032:
997:
993:
953:
949:
939:
912:
908:
898:
871:
867:
857:
822:
818:
808:
781:
777:
767:
750:
746:
740:
707:
703:
697:
664:
660:
654:
629:
625:
593:
584:
578:
575:Significance
563:
555:
547:cannabinoids
536:
519:
516:self-defense
509:
503:
463:
418:
410:cannabigerol
377:flavoprotein
374:
328:
287:
277:
275:"fiber-type"
264:
257:psychoactive
228:
224:
223:
101:BRENDA entry
1600:Active site
1408:Nitrogenase
1299:as acceptor
569:cannabidiol
562:fiber-type
399:monoterpene
395:cyclization
280:varieties.
271:"drug-type"
227:(full name
89:IntEnz view
61:Identifiers
1872:Categories
1803:Isomerases
1777:Hydrolases
1644:Regulation
1445:phosphorus
1422:flavodoxin
1297:superoxide
1286:1.15–1.21)
602:References
317:beta sheet
315:and eight
237:catalyzing
158:structures
125:KEGG entry
30:See also:
1878:EC 1.21.3
1682:EC number
1451:in donors
1401:as donors
1225:: 68–76.
585:C. sativa
564:C. sativa
528:cytotoxic
506:trichomes
476:produces
430:⇌
392:oxidative
379:, uses a
284:Structure
278:C. sativa
249:precursor
78:Databases
1706:Kinetics
1630:Cofactor
1593:Activity
1424:as donor
1239:26197418
1204:17266321
1155:16544089
1147:25994576
1108:17544411
1059:14570037
1024:28861488
931:17513301
890:16024552
849:16511162
800:15190053
732:38866142
724:16143478
689:29683549
681:24579739
646:22766313
520:Cannabis
470:hydroxyl
442:THCA + H
414:carboxyl
388:catalyze
384:cofactor
296:at 6.4.
261:cannabis
231:) is an
213:proteins
201:articles
189:articles
162:RCSB PDB
72:1.21.3.7
1862:Biology
1816:Ligases
1586:Enzymes
1449:arsenic
1195:2597621
1067:7868655
1015:5549534
972:5583149
840:1952348
397:of the
149:profile
132:MetaCyc
55:
1848:Portal
1790:Lyases
1278:Other
1237:
1202:
1192:
1153:
1145:
1106:
1065:
1057:
1022:
1012:
970:
929:
888:
847:
837:
798:
730:
722:
687:
679:
644:
402:moiety
233:enzyme
196:PubMed
178:Search
168:PDBsum
108:ExPASy
96:BRENDA
84:IntEnz
67:EC no.
27:Enzyme
1742:Types
1478:GLRX5
1473:GLRX3
1468:GLRX2
1337:metal
1151:S2CID
1063:S2CID
728:S2CID
685:S2CID
468:of a
243:from
144:PRIAM
1834:list
1827:EC7
1821:list
1814:EC6
1808:list
1801:EC5
1795:list
1788:EC4
1782:list
1775:EC3
1769:list
1762:EC2
1756:list
1749:EC1
1490:1.21
1463:GLRX
1441:1.20
1418:1.19
1395:1.18
1361:1.17
1339:ions
1333:1.16
1321:SOD3
1316:SOD2
1311:SOD1
1293:1.15
1235:PMID
1200:PMID
1143:PMID
1104:PMID
1055:PMID
1020:PMID
968:PMID
927:PMID
886:PMID
845:PMID
796:PMID
720:PMID
677:PMID
642:PMID
390:the
273:and
241:THCA
208:NCBI
165:PDBe
120:KEGG
52:3VTE
1447:or
1227:doi
1223:211
1190:PMC
1182:doi
1135:doi
1094:doi
1090:581
1047:doi
1010:PMC
1002:doi
958:doi
917:doi
913:282
876:doi
835:PMC
827:doi
786:doi
782:279
755:doi
751:117
712:doi
708:159
669:doi
634:doi
630:423
543:THC
518:of
508:of
386:to
290:kDa
251:of
184:PMC
156:PDB
1874::
1284:EC
1233:.
1221:.
1198:.
1188:.
1176:.
1172:.
1149:.
1141:.
1131:37
1129:.
1116:^
1102:.
1088:.
1084:.
1061:.
1053:.
1041:.
1018:.
1008:.
996:.
992:.
980:^
966:.
954:15
952:.
948:.
925:.
911:.
907:.
884:.
872:46
870:.
866:.
843:.
833:.
823:61
821:.
817:.
794:.
780:.
776:.
749:.
726:.
718:.
706:.
683:.
675:.
665:59
663:.
640:.
628:.
609:^
571:.
553:.
488:.
1850::
1836:)
1832:(
1823:)
1819:(
1810:)
1806:(
1797:)
1793:(
1784:)
1780:(
1771:)
1767:(
1758:)
1754:(
1578:e
1571:t
1564:v
1282:(
1271:e
1264:t
1257:v
1241:.
1229::
1206:.
1184::
1178:9
1157:.
1137::
1110:.
1096::
1069:.
1049::
1043:3
1026:.
1004::
998:1
974:.
960::
933:.
919::
892:.
878::
851:.
829::
802:.
788::
761:.
757::
734:.
714::
691:.
671::
648:.
636::
486:)
484:2
482:O
480:2
474:2
448:2
446:O
444:2
421:2
20:)
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